CN107223447A - A kind of high gradient slope bank protection greening blanket and its bank protecting method - Google Patents
A kind of high gradient slope bank protection greening blanket and its bank protecting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107223447A CN107223447A CN201710615464.7A CN201710615464A CN107223447A CN 107223447 A CN107223447 A CN 107223447A CN 201710615464 A CN201710615464 A CN 201710615464A CN 107223447 A CN107223447 A CN 107223447A
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- stratum reticulare
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010908 plant waste Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000234643 Festuca arundinacea Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000292693 Poa annua Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003364 biologic glue Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021374 legumes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
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- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 13
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 8
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
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- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000019901 Anxiety disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000209056 Secale Species 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
- E02D17/202—Securing of slopes or inclines with flexible securing means
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high gradient slope bank protection greening blanket and its bank protecting method, greening blanket is made up of upper surface stratum reticulare, upper integument, heat-insulation layer, Seed Layer, hypothallus, water accepting layer, lower integument and lower surface stratum reticulare from top to bottom, the upper surface stratum reticulare and lower surface stratum reticulare are connected to form small compartment by the dividing plate between skeleton, skeleton, and the material of upper surface stratum reticulare, lower surface stratum reticulare and skeleton is nondegradable steel wire.The greening blanket of the present invention is anchored on high gradient slope basal plane with steel nail, roots to repair fixed rock slope by the active defense and Seed Layer of upper and lower surface stratum reticulare.The greening blanket of the present invention is premised on side slope safety, and its protection effect is good, and be particularly suitable for use in high steep rock slope, with good application value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to ecological and materialogy field, and in particular to a kind of high gradient slope bank protection greening blanket and its bank protection
Method.
Background technology
With the Large scale construction and the large-scale development in mine of the national highway railway network, the bare side sloping largely excavated,
Water and soil conservation, the ecological balance and environmental protection are generated and had a strong impact on, heavy losses are caused.Slope ecological destruction not only can
Directly result in soil erosion even callapsed landslide and destroy construction project in itself, and can be by environment and safe disaster to people
People's security of the lives and property is impacted and threatened.New excavation slope deviates even remotely from ecological balance state, in environment and engineering
Under the influence of factor, side slope slopes easily induce the geological disaster such as cave in, come down, and cause huge economic loss and casualties.
Therefore, it reasonably must be protected in time after slope excavating, to reduce the generation of environment and safe disaster.Ecological revetment
Mode is then while solving the optimal selection of slope ecological and safety problem.
Generally, the preferable side slope of soil property directly can recover ecological by grass planting.And high precipitous rock slope has the gradient steep, native
The features such as matter difference and big difficulty of construction, direct grass planting is difficult then to survive, therefore, and its restoration of the ecosystem is that engineering urgently to be resolved hurrily is difficult
Topic.Therefore, the research of the slope vegetation protection technology of the side slope of high steep bare rock or soil property difference turns into current environment Geotechnical Engineering
Field research and development focus and emphasis.At present, side slope reparation frequently with method mainly have:Plant green plants, linked network spray soil moved in improve the original,
Ditching grass planting, native cell compartment grass planting, placement plant biological bag/blanket etc., all in the presence of some shortcomings:
(1)Transplant green plants:There is slowly effect, cost is high, and maintenance costs is high, and high ask is required to domatic growth conditions
Topic, such as rock side-slope or side slope growing environment extremely severe place, it is difficult to the directly method improvement of use cultivated plant
Side slope environment.
(2)Spray soil moved in improve the original:A wastes a large amount of farmland plantings and farmland ecological environment, and soil is destroyed with soil and in digging process
Loamy texture amount weight, can aggravate side slope and support load;The adhesive rate and germination percentage that B sows grass seeds by duster are related to side slope and repair success or not, spray
The objective circumstances that adhesive rate is broadcast mainly by sow grass seeds by duster matrix property in itself and mine slope determine there is matrix adhesion condition of sowing grass seeds by duster
Undesirable, the binding agent of the addition grass seeds germination percentage that makes to sow grass seeds by duster is low, the problems such as maintenance cost is high.
(3)Geotechnical grid is typically plastic material, it is difficult to degraded, and exposes to the sun and rain and is easily destroyed, and bending amplitude is less, only
Can it is more smooth it is domatic on use.
(4)Plant biological bag is also known as green mesh bag or greening bags, is a kind of newborn greening product, it has light weight, transporter
Just, lay simple.Traditional non-woven fabric adhesive lawn plant-growth carpet or tape planting, tensile strength are low, and plant growth medium is easily slided
Fall, be only applicable to lay gentle slope lawn;The native tiling method of plant biological bag dress, construction is complicated, cost is high, and itself has monolithic stability
Property potential safety hazard.
Therefore, there is problems with the above method:(1)Or because difficulty of construction is big, or because can not the shortcomings of protection effect is poor
In the vegetation on slope for being widely used in high steep bare rock or soil property difference.And emerging tape planting bank protection mainly applies to
Soft gentle slope, its structure function can not meet the restoration of the ecosystem of high precipitous rock slope;(2)One just completed in slope construction
In the section long period, because side slope surface not yet forms vegetation scour protection layer, often washed away in side slope by heavy showers, by force
During rainfall infiltration, it may occur that a large amount of losses of slope vegetation soil and landslide, Collapse Accidents, and in arid season or in arid
Area, then can be fed much larger than rainwater due to moisture evaporation speed, cause the withered phenomenon of vegetation;(3)Due to high steep rock slope
Vegetation is rely the soil depletion of growth, and when vegetation growth to certain phase, without new nutrient supply, the growth of vegetation is limited
System, therefore, the later stage need to be safeguarded, maintenance cost is high;(4)Non-cubic structure between plant biological bag/blanket upper and lower surface, if for height
Gradient slope, under long-term rainfall or Action of Gravity Field, growth substrate adhesive force not enough can be sagging in band, plant movement;(5)Even in
Vegetation growth, because degradable rack gradually scatters and disappears to the effective support function of slope vegetation, depends merely on vegetation to after certain phase
The hinge that twines of itself root system is difficult to be effective against strong wind brash and landslip with attachment, and high gradient slope is especially true.Vegetation is certainly
Body retains even difficult, and slope vegetation protection effect causes anxiety naturally.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to the shortcoming for overcoming prior art, there is provided a kind of high gradient slope premised on side slope safety
Bank protection greening blanket and its bank protecting method.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:A kind of high gradient slope bank protection greening blanket, described is green
Change blanket from top to bottom by upper surface stratum reticulare, upper integument, heat-insulation layer, Seed Layer, hypothallus, water accepting layer, lower integument and following table
Veil layer is constituted, and the upper surface stratum reticulare and lower surface stratum reticulare are connected to form small compartment by the dividing plate between skeleton, skeleton, and
The material of upper surface stratum reticulare, lower surface stratum reticulare and skeleton is nondegradable steel wire.
Further, it is made up of in the grid of described upper surface stratum reticulare and lower surface stratum reticulare some numb nets, the numb net
Worked out by the pure natural rope made of hemp through mechanical longitude and latitude.
Further, the mesh size of described fiber crops net is 1cm × 1cm.
Further, described upper integument and the non-woven fabrics that lower integument is thickness 1.5mm-3.5mm.
Further, described dividing plate is degradable paper.
Further, described heat-insulation layer is to be mixed by straw particle and binding agent.
Further, described water accepting layer is super absorbent resin.
Further, described Seed Layer is the seed composition that surface is sprayed with the paper of biological adhesive and is attached on paper,
The seed is legume, Festuca Arundinacea, rye, the mixture of annual bluegrass.
Further, described hypothallus is mixed by sludge, crop residues, composite fertilizer, edible fungi residue by adhesive
Conjunction is formed, wherein, sludge, crop residues, the weight ratio of composite fertilizer and edible fungi residue are (1-5):(8-15):(0.01-
0.07):1。
A kind of bank protecting method of high gradient slope, above-mentioned greening blanket is anchored on high gradient slope basal plane with steel nail, passed through
The active defense and Seed Layer of upper and lower surface stratum reticulare root to repair fixed rock slope.
The present invention has advantages below:
(1)The greening blanket of the present invention has plant protection and active defense double action, greening blanket upper and lower surface stratum reticulare and skeleton
For nondegradable steel wire, there is obvious action particularly with the protection of During Initial Stage Construction and vegetation growth early stage;Later stage kind
Son roots to be formed after vegetation, and upper and lower surface stratum reticulare and skeleton do not influence the landscape effect of counterfort virescence by vegetative coverage;
(2)It is nondegradable steel wire that the greening blanket of the present invention, which removes upper and lower surface stratum reticulare and skeleton, and other layers are degradable
Material, secondary pollution is not caused, beneficial to environmental protection;
(3)What the greening blanket upper surface stratum reticulare and lower surface stratum reticulare of the present invention was connected to form by the dividing plate between skeleton, skeleton
Small compartment, in high gradient slope, can effectively prevent that not caused enough the matrix of matrix adhesive force is moved down under long-term rainfall and Action of Gravity Field,
Plant is moved, and because upper lower netting layer and skeleton are steel wire, is provided and is depended on for the warped roots of plant, further prevents plant
It is mobile, taken root beneficial to plant in high steep rock slope;
(4)The greening blanket of the present invention is provided with heat-insulation layer and water accepting layer, because rock slope soil and moisture are easy to run off, therefore,
It is unfavorable for the germination of seed and the growth of vegetation, heat-insulation layer and water accepting layer are more conducive to the survival and growth of vegetation;
(5)Present invention greening blanket mesostroma layer is mixed by adhesive using sludge, crop residues, composite fertilizer, edible fungi residue
Conjunction is formed, and raw material sources extensively, are turned waste into wealth, and production method is simple, realizes recycling for resource;
(6)The greening blanket of the present invention pays the utmost attention to side slope safety, and takes into account landscape function, and its protection effect is good, can solve simultaneously
The ecology and safety problem of side slope, be particularly suitable for use in high steep rock slope, with good application value.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 afforests the structural representation of blanket for the present invention;
Fig. 2 afforests the structural representation of blanket upper and lower surface stratum reticulare for the present invention;
Fig. 3 afforests the structural representation of the small compartment of blanket for the present invention;
In figure, 1- upper surfaces stratum reticulare, the upper integuments of 2-, 3- heat-insulation layers, 4- Seed Layers, 5- hypothalluses, 6- water accepting layers are wrapped up under 7-
Layer, 8- lower surface stratum reticulares, the small compartments of 9-, 10- upper and lower surface stratum reticulares, 11- fiber crops nets, 12- skeletons, 13- dividing plates.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and protection scope of the present invention is not limited to as described below:
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, a kind of high gradient slope bank protection greening blanket, described greening blanket is from top to bottom by upper surface
Stratum reticulare 1, upper integument 2, heat-insulation layer 3, Seed Layer 4, hypothallus 5, water accepting layer 6, lower integument 7 and lower surface stratum reticulare 8 are constituted, institute
State upper surface stratum reticulare 1 and lower surface stratum reticulare 8 and small compartment 9, and upper table are connected to form by the dividing plate 13 between skeleton 12, skeleton 12
The material of veil layer 1, lower surface stratum reticulare 8 and skeleton 12 is nondegradable steel wire.
It is made up of in described upper surface stratum reticulare 1 and the grid of lower surface stratum reticulare 8 some numb nets 11, the numb net 11 is by pure
Natural hemp rope is worked out through mechanical longitude and latitude.The rope made of hemp is selected as the net in the grid of upper and lower surface stratum reticulare 10, is because the rope made of hemp is resistance to
Solarization, anti-corrosion, intensity is high, outward appearance is more coarse, can reduce flow velocity, and changes slope runoff is into cross flow, reduction slope wash, while its suction
Wet performance retains part rainwater, increases domatic water holding capacity, increase and slope friction, reduces the probability on landslide.The later stage rope made of hemp
After biodegradation, the growth of root system of plant is not stopped yet.
The mesh size of numb net 11 is 1cm × 1cm, this size of selection can effectively prevent the landing of rock slope rubble,
The loss of seed and matrix.With regard to the erosion of water and wind can be resisted before plant grows up to, solidify earth's surface well, play bank protection and anti-
The only effect of soil erosion.
Described upper integument 2 and the non-woven fabrics that lower integument 7 is thickness 1.5mm-3.5mm.Non-woven fabrics had both had good
Permeable, ventilative, translucency, there is good water conservation, fertilizer conservation, anti-solarization effect again, root system of plant can penetrate non-woven fabrics, it is ensured that plant
The smooth growth of thing.
Dividing plate 13 is degradable paper.Dividing plate 13 forms small compartment 9 with cover web, skeleton 12 up and down, with high-tensile,
It can effectively prevent under long annual rainfall and Action of Gravity Field that not caused enough the seed of matrix adhesive force and matrix be sagging, plant movement.Deng
Plant, which grows up, to take root rear bulkhead 13 and degrades, beneficial to warped roots between plant.
Heat-insulation layer 3 is to be mixed by straw particle and binding agent.Water accepting layer 6 is super absorbent resin.Heat-insulation layer 3
The effect of soil moisture conservation water conservation is served, the growth of emerging of seed is especially beneficial in Shao Shui arid areas, the survival rate of vegetation is improved.
Seed Layer 4 is the seed composition that surface is sprayed with the paper of biological adhesive and is attached on paper, and seed is legume
And the mixture of the grass such as Festuca Arundinacea, rye, annual bluegrass.Seed is adhered on paper, is separated with matrix, and growth is not
It can be suppressed, and adjustable seed density.
Described hypothallus 5 is mixed by sludge, crop residues, composite fertilizer, edible fungi residue by adhesive, its
In, sludge, crop residues, the weight ratio of composite fertilizer and edible fungi residue are (1-5):(8-15):(0.01-0.07):1.Will
Remaining solid waste is added in matrix after cultivating various edible mushrooms, due to containing substantial amounts of organic matter in bacteria residue, can be
The growth of plant provides nutriment;Sludge source in the sludge in paper mill, it contain substantial amounts of cellulose family organic matter and nitrogen,
The plant nutrients such as phosphorus, potassium, contain microbial bacteria again, therefore, and the addition of sludge is also used as soil and changed in addition to as fertilizer
Good dose.The base starting material source of the present invention is wide, and discarded object is turned waste into wealth, environmental and ecological.
The bank protecting method of high gradient slope, the greening blanket of the present invention is anchored on high gradient slope basal plane with steel nail, by upper
The active defense and Seed Layer 4 of lower surface stratum reticulare 10 root to repair fixed rock slope.Use the greening blanket of the present invention
When carrying out bank protection, side slope basal plane is first cleared up, greening blanket is trimmed according to the landforms of side slope, sutured using degradation of fibers
Link adjustment specification and shape, are fixed, at interval, 1m-2m position is selected in side slope after laying greening blanket using anchor pole
Long anchor pole, interval 0.5m-1m position uses Short bolt.After the greening blanket fixation of the present invention is finished, can also may be used by watering
Do not water, until raining, the storage rainwater of water accepting layer 6 grows for germination, passes through rooting and clad steel for Seed Layer 4
The active defense of silk screen repairs fixed slope.
After sprinkling water or rain two weeks after the greening blanket construction of the present invention, grass seeds germination can reach and be planted behind more than 87%, one month
The average height of thing can reach 12cm or so, and the coverage rate of rock slope vegetation basically reaches 85%, after two months, vegetative coverage
Rate can reach 90%, can form protection and afforestation effect.The greening blanket root system of plant adhesive force of the present invention is significantly higher than common green
Change blanket, there is obvious peptizaiton to the runoff that rainfall is formed, side slope surface is not easily formed the Rock And Soil in coombe, side slope
It is stable.
It is understood that for those of ordinary skills, can be with technique according to the invention scheme and its hair
Bright design is subject to equivalent substitution or change, and all these changes or replacement should all belong to the guarantor of appended claims of the invention
Protect scope.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of high gradient slope bank protection greening blanket, it is characterised in that:Described greening blanket is from top to bottom by upper surface stratum reticulare
(1), upper integument(2), heat-insulation layer(3), Seed Layer(4), hypothallus(5), water accepting layer(6), lower integument(7)With following table veil
Layer(8)Constitute, the upper surface stratum reticulare(1)With lower surface stratum reticulare(8)Pass through skeleton(12), dividing plate(13)It is connected to form small compartment
(9), and upper surface stratum reticulare(1), lower surface stratum reticulare(8)With skeleton(12)Material be nondegradable steel wire.
2. a kind of high gradient slope bank protection according to claim 1 greening blanket, it is characterised in that:Described upper surface stratum reticulare
(1)With lower surface stratum reticulare(8)Grid in by some numb nets(11)Composition, the numb net(11)Passed through by the pure natural rope made of hemp through machinery
Latitude is worked out.
3. a kind of high gradient slope bank protection according to claim 2 greening blanket, it is characterised in that:Described numb net(11)'s
Mesh size is 1cm × 1cm.
4. a kind of high gradient slope bank protection according to claim 1 greening blanket, it is characterised in that:Described upper integument
(2)With lower integument(7)For thickness 1.5mm-3.5mm non-woven fabrics.
5. a kind of high gradient slope bank protection according to claim 1 greening blanket, it is characterised in that:Described dividing plate(13)For
Degradable paper.
6. a kind of high gradient slope bank protection according to claim 1 greening blanket, it is characterised in that:Described heat-insulation layer(3)
To be mixed by straw particle and binding agent.
7. a kind of high gradient slope bank protection according to claim 1 greening blanket, it is characterised in that:Described water accepting layer(6)
For super absorbent resin.
8. a kind of high gradient slope bank protection according to claim 1 greening blanket, it is characterised in that:Described Seed Layer(4)
The seed composition for being sprayed with the paper of biological adhesive for surface and being attached on paper, the seed is legume, Festuca Arundinacea, black
Wheat, the mixture of annual bluegrass.
9. a kind of high gradient slope bank protection according to claim 1 greening blanket, it is characterised in that:Described hypothallus(5)
Mixed by sludge, crop residues, composite fertilizer, edible fungi residue by adhesive, wherein, it is sludge, crop residues, multiple
The weight ratio of Hefei and edible fungi residue is (1-5):(8-15):(0.01-0.07):1.
10. a kind of bank protecting method of high gradient slope, it is characterised in that:Greening blanket any one of claim 1-9 is used
Steel nail is anchored on high gradient slope basal plane, passes through upper and lower surface stratum reticulare(10)Active defense and Seed Layer(4)Root and
Repair fixed rock slope.
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Cited By (8)
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CN109763497A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-05-17 | 北京顺景园林有限公司 | A kind of flexibility slope ecological guard system and its construction method |
CN110583375A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2019-12-20 | 山东大学 | Side slope movable vegetation greening blanket and laying method |
CN110629768A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2019-12-31 | 瑞腾基础工程技术(北京)股份有限公司 | Method for constructing green assembled permanent side slope protective surface layer |
CN110952576A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-03 | 大连交通大学 | Ecological blanket structure for ecological slope protection and construction method thereof |
CN111386915A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-07-10 | 交通运输部科学研究院 | Slope vegetation recovery structure and high-steep inferior slope transformation method applying same |
CN112534989A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-03-23 | 湖南子宏生态科技股份有限公司 | Plant and grow blanket |
CN114128556A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-03-04 | 江苏绿岩生态技术股份有限公司 | Growth bed, manufacturing method thereof and slope repairing method |
CN117985518A (en) * | 2024-03-26 | 2024-05-07 | 山东高速集团有限公司 | Plant blanket conveying device for slope protection |
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CN112534989A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-03-23 | 湖南子宏生态科技股份有限公司 | Plant and grow blanket |
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CN117985518A (en) * | 2024-03-26 | 2024-05-07 | 山东高速集团有限公司 | Plant blanket conveying device for slope protection |
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