CN110583375A - Side slope movable vegetation greening blanket and laying method - Google Patents
Side slope movable vegetation greening blanket and laying method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110583375A CN110583375A CN201910959288.8A CN201910959288A CN110583375A CN 110583375 A CN110583375 A CN 110583375A CN 201910959288 A CN201910959288 A CN 201910959288A CN 110583375 A CN110583375 A CN 110583375A
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
- A01G24/44—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form
- A01G24/46—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form multi-layered
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
- E02D17/202—Securing of slopes or inclines with flexible securing means
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The movable vegetation greening blanket for the side slope and the paving method solve the problems that the greening blanket in the prior art is long in paving time, is not easy to move and cannot be recycled, have mobility, are convenient to transport and simple to pave, and can realize quick protection of the exposed side slope. The technical scheme is as follows: the composite water-retaining fertilizer-preserving device comprises a plurality of unit structures which can be spliced together, wherein each unit structure comprises a grid covering layer, a composite matrix layer, a water-retaining fertilizer-preserving layer and a grid layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the grid layer is provided with a grid layer, wherein one end of the grid layer is fixedly provided with a convex block, and one end of the grid layer, which is far away from the convex block, is provided with a slot; the convex blocks of each unit structure are matched with the slots of the adjacent unit structures.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ecological environment protection, in particular to a movable vegetation greening blanket for a side slope and a laying method.
Background
With the increase of silt wastelands caused by large-scale construction and development of mines and mountains, a large number of exposed side slopes destroy the original ecological balance of local areas, and under the influence of environmental and engineering factors, the side slope bodies are easy to induce geological disasters such as collapse, landslide and the like, so that not only can the engineering construction be destroyed by directly causing water and soil loss, but also the ecological environment of peripheral areas and the safety of lives and properties of people can be influenced and threatened. A large amount of silt of the yellow river after dredging is pushed aside the desilting basin to form a large barren land with silt of the yellow river, and the silt of the yellow river mainly comprises fine sand which is easy to rise when meeting wind, so that the surrounding ecological environment is seriously damaged. Therefore, the exposed side slope is greened and protected, the influence on the surrounding ecological environment is reduced, and the occurrence of safety disasters is reduced.
In the sandy wasteland beside the soil mountain and the desilting pool, soil is utilized or accumulated at variable time, so that the soil mountain and the wasteland are continuously enlarged or reduced and can be continuously changed, and great difficulty is caused to the problems of soil fixation and sand fixation. Moreover, the water retention effect of the side slope is poor, even in arid and semiarid desert regions, the ecological environment is severe, the irrigation of the planted plants is inconvenient, the water and soil loss is serious, and even if the side slope is carefully managed and protected, the survival rate of the planted plants is difficult to maintain, and the greening effect is reduced.
At present, aiming at the problem of slope vegetation protection, a large number of related researches are carried out by a plurality of expert scholars, new technologies such as thick-layer base material spray-seeding grass planting, hydraulic spray-thinning grass planting and the like are developed, and the inventor finds that the methods can not be widely applied to the slope vegetation protection with poor soil quality due to the defects of high construction difficulty, poor slope protection effect and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a movable vegetation greening blanket for a side slope and a laying method thereof, wherein the movable vegetation greening blanket has the advantages of movability, convenience in transportation and simplicity in laying, and can realize quick protection of an exposed side slope.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a movable vegetation greening blanket for a side slope comprises a plurality of unit structures which can be spliced together, wherein each unit structure comprises a grid covering layer, a composite matrix layer, a water and fertilizer retention layer and a grid layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
the grid layer is provided with a grid layer, wherein one end of the grid layer is fixedly provided with a convex block, and one end of the grid layer, which is far away from the convex block, is provided with a slot; the convex blocks of each unit structure are matched with the slots of the adjacent unit structures.
Further, the composite matrix layer comprises planting soil, vermiculite, biological fertilizer and a proper amount of water-retaining agent.
Furthermore, the composite matrix layer is scattered into the seeds or root systems of the herbaceous plants.
Further, the thickness of the composite matrix layer is 3-5 cm.
Furthermore, the water and fertilizer retaining layer is made of non-woven fabrics.
Furthermore, the grid layer is a grid type grid made of steel wires.
Further, the grid covering layer is made of high-strength plastics.
Further, the grid size of the grid layer is larger than that of the grid covering layer.
A paving method of a movable vegetation greening blanket for a side slope comprises the following steps:
(1) for the barren sand land with the set height, a transmission mechanism is arranged between the slope top and the slope foot of the barren sand land;
(2) starting the conveying mechanism, placing a plurality of unit structures on the conveying mechanism one by one, and closing the conveying mechanism when the first unit structure is conveyed to the top of the slope;
(3) paving the unit structures from the top of the slope to the bottom of the slope, and clamping the convex blocks and the slots of the adjacent unit structures together;
(4) after the unit structures in a row are laid, driving a timber pile into a slot of the last unit structure of the slope toe for fixing;
(5) and (5) moving the conveying mechanism to the adjacent row mounting position, repeating the steps (2) to (4) and laying the unit structures row by row.
Furthermore, the conveying mechanism comprises two groups of rollers driven by a motor, and each group of rollers are connected through a steel wire; during transportation, the two groups of rollers move synchronously.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the vegetation greening blanket adopts a splicing unit structure, has small units, is convenient to move, is simple and convenient to pave, can quickly form the blanket, can directly pave a required exposed soil slope or a sand slope exposed in a sand-sinking wasteland on site, has the characteristics of short greening period, convenience in transportation, simplicity in construction and easiness in meeting design and construction requirements, and can realize quick protection of the exposed side slope;
2. the grid layer and the grid covering layer in the greening blanket have the concave-convex matching structure, so that the unit structure of the downward slope is buckled with the unit structure of the upward slope, and the vegetation greening blanket can be stably attached to the side slope; before the soil slope is excavated or stacked, the unit structures are moved one by one, after the engineering is completed, the slope surface is leveled, and the moved unit structures are re-laid, so that the problem of traditional greening and slope fixation, namely the contradiction between greening and slope fixation and soil slope change is solved; the slots can be embedded into the side slope, so that a partition plate is formed between the unit structures, the vegetation greening blanket is prevented from falling off, and the vegetation greening blanket is integrally paved on the side slope;
3. the water and fertilizer retention layer is scattered into the seeds or root systems of herbaceous plants, the herbaceous plants are generally short and small, herbaceous plants with strong adaptability are selected, and the herbaceous plants can rapidly grass and green the side slope in the composite matrix layer;
4. the cell structure has the functions of recovering, curing and using again, the used cell structure can be used for respectively recovering the grid layer, the water and fertilizer retention layer, the composite matrix layer and the grid covering layer, and the cell structure can be used again after curing, so that the resource can be repeatedly utilized, and the cell structure is beneficial to environmental protection.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a unit structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission mechanism according to a first embodiment of the invention;
wherein, 1, a grid layer, 2, a water and fertilizer retention layer, 3, a composite matrix layer, 4, a grid covering layer, 5 and slots; 6. a convex block 7, a roller 8 and a steel wire.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and/or "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof;
for convenience of description, the words "up", "down", "left" and "right" in this application, if any, merely indicate correspondence with the directions of up, down, left and right of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure, but merely facilitate the description of the invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the application.
The terms "mounted", "connected", "fixed", and the like in the present application should be understood broadly, and for example, the terms "mounted", "connected", and "fixed" may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; the two components can be connected mechanically or electrically, directly or indirectly through an intermediate medium, or connected internally or in an interaction relationship, and the terms used in the present invention should be understood as having specific meanings to those skilled in the art.
As introduced in the background art, the defects of long time consumption, difficult movement and incapability of recycling of the greening blanket laying exist in the prior art, and in order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a movable vegetation greening blanket for a side slope and a laying method.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the present invention is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 3, and specifically, the structure is as follows:
the embodiment provides a movable vegetation greening blanket for a side slope, which comprises a plurality of unit structures which can be spliced together and have set sizes, wherein each unit structure comprises a grid covering layer 4, a composite matrix layer 3, a water and fertilizer retention layer 2 and a grid layer 1 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. In this embodiment, the unit structure may be 1.5m by 1.5m, which is convenient for movement. It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the cell structure may have other dimensions, and may be determined by the actual laying area.
The grid layer 1 is laid on the bottom layer and is a grid type grid made of steel wires, and grid type grid units are 3cm x 3 cm-8 cm x 8cm and can be flexibly selected according to the laid gradient. The steel construction has fine tensile strength, can resist the tensile stress that lasts on domatic, has improved the tensile strength and the lasting solid soil bank protection effect of vegetation blanket greatly for various abominable construction conditions of adaptation that ecological vegetation blanket can be better. And the steel structure is light and convenient, has small toughness and stronger adaptability to dynamic load. When the grid type grid unit size is selected, the requirement for tensile strength is met, and certain economical efficiency is guaranteed.
The water and fertilizer retention layer 2 is laid above the grid layer 1 and is composed of non-woven fabrics, the non-woven fabrics have the functions of ventilation and water tightness, soil in the composite matrix layer 3 is prevented from leaking to the lower layer, and the function of preventing water and fertilizer of the soil from running off is achieved. The non-woven fabric is made of alginate fiber environment-friendly non-woven fabric, the alginate fiber is natural functional fiber processed by taking 100% sodium alginate as a raw material, and is a non-toxic, harmless and biodegradable environment-friendly material, and the thickness of the non-woven fabric is 2-5 mm.
The composite matrix layer 3 is laid on the upper layer of the water and fertilizer retention layer 2 and comprises planting soil, vermiculite, bio-fertilizer and a proper amount of water retention agent, the composite matrix layer 3 mainly has the effects of retaining the water retention capacity of the soil and providing nutrients required by normal growth of plants, the thickness of the composite matrix layer 3 is 3-5 cm, and the root system is guaranteed to be complete in the composite matrix layer 3. The water-retaining agent is a high water-absorbing resin, is a functional polymer material with extremely strong water-absorbing capacity, is non-toxic and harmless, can repeatedly release water and absorb water, and can absorb fertilizers and pesticides and slowly release the fertilizers and enhance the fertilizer effect and the pesticide effect. The water-retaining agent can reduce the evaporation of water, and the water stored by the water-retaining agent can be released to the root system when the plant is in water shortage.
The amount of the water retention agent in the composite matrix layer 3 is about 30-50 g, the content of vermiculite is 3% -5%, and the vermiculite is mixed with soil, so that the soil porosity can be increased, and the effect of ventilation is achieved. The composite matrix layer 3 contains 5-10% of biological fertilizer, and the biological fertilizer is prepared by mixing organic matters as a base, and then adding microbial inoculum and inorganic fertilizer. Not only can provide nutrition for crops, but also can improve soil; meanwhile, soil is disinfected, namely, pollutants of pesticides (insecticides and bactericides), herbicides, petrochemical engineering and other products in the soil are decomposed and eliminated by using organisms (mainly microorganisms), so that the soil is repaired, a good environment is created for plant growth, the plant diseases and insect pests of crops are reduced, and the healthy and vigorous growth of herbaceous plants is ensured.
The thickness of the composite substrate layer is 3-5 cm, so that the root system of the herbaceous plant is ensured to be complete in the composite substrate layer. In the composite matrix layer, the seeds or root systems of herbaceous plants are scattered, such as: purslane, setaria viridis, Rhododendron simsii and other herbaceous plants with strong adaptability and vigorous growth can grow into grass rapidly, so that the side slope is greened, and a certain ecological environment is maintained.
The grid covering layer 4 is laid on the upper layer of the composite matrix layer 3, is made of high-strength plastics and is used for fixing the composite matrix layer 3, and the mesh structure of the grid covering layer 4 is 3cm by 3 cm-5 cm by 5 cm. The mesh structure of the mesh covering layer 4 can ensure that rainwater smoothly permeates into the composite matrix layer 3 and ensure that herbaceous plants smoothly grow out of the greening blanket.
A protruding block 6 is fixed at one end of the grid covering layer 4, and a slot 7 is arranged at one end, far away from the protruding block 6, of the grid layer 1; the convex blocks 6 of each unit structure are matched with the slots 7 of the adjacent unit structures, and the unit structures are fixed together by inserting the convex blocks and the slots together to form the greening blanket. The shape of the slot 7 and the protruding block 6 only needs to be matched with each other, in this embodiment, the protruding block 6 is set to be L-shaped, and then the slot 7 is also L-shaped. The bulge block 6 is inserted into the slot 7 to fix the internal layered structure, so that the internal layered distribution is orderly and not loose.
Example two:
the present embodiment provides a method for laying a movable vegetation greening blanket on a side slope, where the greening blanket adopts the structure of the first embodiment, and on a slope of a sandy wasteland, such as a sandy wasteland beside a yellow-economic green desilting basin, the sandy wasteland is very easy to be eroded by wind due to the fine silt of a yellow river, and the sandy wasteland is often changed due to dredging and utilization of the sandy desilting basin. At the slope surface of the barren sand land, the construction slope surface needs to be cleaned firstly, large pumice and sundries are removed, and the flatness of the construction surface is kept. And measuring the construction surface and calculating the number of the needed unit structures. And (4) transporting the required structural material to a construction site, and paving the required structural material on the top of the smooth construction soil slope from the top of the soil slope to the downstream in sequence.
For the barren sand land with a certain height (for example, 6m), a manual laying method can be used on the slope surface of the barren sand land, two traditional bamboo ladders are used simultaneously, each person stands on one bamboo ladder, the two bamboo ladders are manually assisted to finish the laying, and the unit structures are laid at the position of the toe of the slope from the upward slope in a row. Can be used together with a movable sand-fixing unit and a sand-fixing method invention patent (application number: 201910625486.0).
On the barren sand ground beside the sand basin, when a first row of greening blanket unit structures are laid at the top of the soil slope, the convex blocks 6 of the grid covering layer 4 are buckled into the slots 5, the unit structures at the rear row are sequentially laid and buckled into the slots 5 at the upper row, and meanwhile, the slots 5 of the grid layer 1 are inlaid into the soil slope, so that the stability of the greening blanket is ensured. At the slope toe, a wood pile is driven into the slot 5 of the last unit structure for fixation, so that the integral structure of the vegetation blanket is ensured to be stably leaned against the top of the soil slope, and the vegetation blanket is prevented from sliding off.
For the barren sand land with the height of more than 6m, the method needs to be paved by matching with a conveying mechanism and comprises the following steps:
(1) installing a transmission mechanism between the top of a slope and the foot of the slope in the wasteland:
the conveying mechanism comprises two groups of rollers 7 driven by a motor, and each group of rollers 7 is connected through a steel wire 8. When the conveying mechanism is installed, the rollers 7 at the top of the slope and the bottom of the slope are kept on the same vertical surface, the two rollers 7 are connected by steel wires 8, and the steel wires of medium and thick grades are adopted in the implementation.
The distance between the rollers 7 positioned at the top of the slope in the two groups of rollers 7 is consistent with the distance between the two rollers 7 at the bottom of the slope, and the connecting line between the two rollers 7 at the top of the slope is ensured to be parallel to the connecting line between the two rollers 7 at the bottom of the slope. The steel wire between the slope top roller 7 and the slope foot roller 7 needs to be straightened to ensure tight connection, and is prevented from being bent by a greening blanket in the transportation process. In the transportation process, the speeds of the two rollers 7 on the top of the slope are set to be the same, so that the two steel wires can be ensured to move synchronously.
(2) Starting a motor, and placing a plurality of unit structures on the two steel wires 8 one by one, wherein the unit structures are placed without gaps; in order to avoid the unit structures from sliding off during transportation, each unit structure is placed, and barriers are arranged on the lower side of the unit structure, for example, clamps are respectively clamped on two steel wires on the lower side of the unit structure. And when the first unit structure is transported to the top of the slope, the motor is turned off, and the steel wire is fully distributed with the unit structures.
(3) The unit structures on the steel wires are moved down, and after the unit structures are moved down, the obstacles arranged on the steel wires are taken down, so that the unit structures can be conveniently used for transporting the next row of unit structures; the convex blocks 6 and the slots 5 of the adjacent unit structures are clamped together in the sequence from the top of the slope to the bottom of the slope.
(3) After the unit structures are laid, the wood piles are driven into the slots 5 of the last unit structure of the slope toe for fixing, so that the vegetation blanket is guaranteed to stably lean against the soil slope in the whole structure and is prevented from sliding off.
(4) And (5) moving the conveying mechanism to the adjacent row mounting position, repeating the steps (2) to (4) and laying the unit structures row by row.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A movable vegetation greening blanket for a side slope is characterized by comprising a plurality of unit structures which can be spliced together, wherein each unit structure comprises a grid covering layer, a composite matrix layer, a water and fertilizer retention layer and a grid layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
the grid layer is provided with a grid layer, wherein one end of the grid layer is fixedly provided with a convex block, and one end of the grid layer, which is far away from the convex block, is provided with a slot; the convex blocks of each unit structure are matched with the slots of the adjacent unit structures.
2. The slope movable vegetation greening blanket of claim 1, wherein the composite matrix layer comprises planting soil, vermiculite, bio-fertilizer and a proper amount of water retention agent.
3. The carpet as claimed in claim 2, wherein the composite matrix layer is sprinkled into the seeds or roots of the herbs.
4. The slope movable vegetation greening blanket of claim 1 or 2, wherein the thickness of the composite matrix layer is 3-5 cm.
5. The slope movable vegetation greening blanket of claim 1, wherein the water and fertilizer retaining layer is made of non-woven fabrics.
6. The slope movable vegetation greening blanket of claim 1, wherein the grid layer is a grid type grid made of steel wires.
7. The slope movable vegetation cover as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mesh covering layer is made of high strength plastic.
8. The slope movable vegetation greening blanket of claim 1, wherein the grid size of the grid layer is larger than the grid size of the grid cover layer.
9. The method for laying vegetation cover movable on side slope according to any one of claims 1-8, comprising the following steps:
(1) for the barren sand land with the set height, a transmission mechanism is arranged between the slope top and the slope foot of the barren sand land;
(2) starting the conveying mechanism, placing a plurality of unit structures on the conveying mechanism one by one, and closing the conveying mechanism when the first unit structure is conveyed to the top of the slope;
(3) paving the unit structures from the top of the slope to the bottom of the slope, and clamping the convex blocks and the slots of the adjacent unit structures together;
(4) after the unit structures in a row are laid, driving a timber pile into a slot of the last unit structure of the slope toe for fixing;
(5) and (5) moving the conveying mechanism to the adjacent row mounting position, repeating the steps (2) to (4) and laying the unit structures row by row.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the conveyor comprises two sets of rollers driven by a motor, each set of rollers being connected by a wire; during transportation, the two groups of rollers move synchronously.
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| CN201910959288.8A CN110583375A (en) | 2019-10-10 | 2019-10-10 | Side slope movable vegetation greening blanket and laying method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113950893A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2022-01-21 | 福建省环境保护设计院有限公司 | Vegetation greening technology suitable for various side slopes |
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