CN105862887B - A kind of ion type rareearth mine ecological slope protection structure - Google Patents
A kind of ion type rareearth mine ecological slope protection structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN105862887B CN105862887B CN201610237259.7A CN201610237259A CN105862887B CN 105862887 B CN105862887 B CN 105862887B CN 201610237259 A CN201610237259 A CN 201610237259A CN 105862887 B CN105862887 B CN 105862887B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of ion type rareearth mine ecological slope protection structure, bamboo framework is disposed with side slope slope, during the press-in of bamboo framework is native；Bamboo framework is fixed together by the bamboo framework moulding of vertical, horizontal and formed, and the concave surface of bamboo framework moulding is upwardly disposed on side slope slope；Bamboo framework moulding is provided with through hole, and drainpipe is furnished with through hole, and drainpipe is inserted in the soil of side slope slope；Bottom of slope gutter is furnished with the bottom of side slope slope, upper, the left and right edge of side slope slope is also furnished with side gutter, and side gutter connects with bottom of slope gutter；Kind is implanted with trees on slope leveling level land；On side slope slope, the leveling of bottom of slope, slope squeezed into bamboo stake respectively on level land, described bamboo stake top retains first segment ring, and being furnished with ecology in bamboo stake more than first segment ring plants bag and water seepage hole is provided with bamboo pile lining；Described ecology is planted bag and is made up of geotextiles parcel grass-seed base material.The present invention can prevent and treat slope and land slide, low engineering cost, ecological, environmental protective.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ecological vestige, more particularly, to a kind of ion type rareearth mine ecological slope protection structure.
Background technology
Rare earth is lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, lutetium, yttrium and scandium totally 17 kinds of rare members
The general name of element.The Rare Earth Mine in China is divided into heavy rare earth and the class of light rare earth two, and heavy rare earth is based on southern ion type rareearth, light rare earth
Based on northern rare earth.Southern ion type rareearth ore rich in heavy rare earth element in yttrium, dysprosium, terbium etc. and as modern high technology and
The important foundation material of the leading-edge fields such as national defence, it is the Dominant Mineral Resources and strategic resource in China.
The equal preservation of ore body of southern ion type rareearth ore in weathering crust, the thickness of weathering crust from several centimeters to tens of rice not
Deng rare earth element in rare-earth mineral is mainly adsorbed in the mineral such as kaolin, montmorillonite with cationic state.Ion type rareearth
The exploitation of ore deposit so far, experienced three leaching process, dump leaching process and in_situ leaching technique developing stage from the eighties in last century,
Leaching process is similar with dump leaching process principle, makees leaching groove with cement pit or sets dump leaching field, and rare earth is displaced with leaching ore deposit agent
Come, with oxalic acid etc. by the rare-earth precipitation in pregnant solution.In_situ leaching technique notes ore leachate by the fluid injection well of latticed arrangement
Enter underground ore bodies and adsorb rare earth ion and form mother liquor, displace the rare earth in mother liquor with oxalic acid after being collected by liquid collection system
Come.Because in_situ leaching technique is relatively small to ecology influence, multi-purpose in_situ leaching technique carries out the exploitation of Rare Earth Mine at present.Dump leaching
The vegetation in mining area and most of topsoil need to be stripped out with leaching process, cause massif ecosystem destruction, mud-rock flow, cunning
The geological disasters such as slope, soil erosion take place frequently.According to incompletely statistics, certain area saved of south shares discarded rare-earth mining area 500
It is multiple, the mountain forest ground area directly destroyed by rare earth mining up to more than 100 square kilometres, estimate for rare-earth mining area restoration of the ecosystem,
Hazards control is costly up to 38,000,000,000 yuan, wherein most of opened for early stage using leaching process and dump leaching process
Caused by adopting rare earth.Therefore, take safe and efficient measure to carry out ecological protection to ion type rareearth mine, protect people group
Many securities of the lives and property, tool are of great significance.
Side slope protection is divided into engineering measure and biological control measure, wherein side slope protection engineering measure be divided into retaining structure protection and
The class of slope protection two.The type of conventional retaining structure has long and short anchor arm, anchored bolt retaining wall, friction pile etc., and these retaining structures are simultaneous
There is protection and reinforce the double action of slopes.Landscape effect using engineering measure bank protection is poor, over time, concrete
Face, the meeting weathering of mortar flag stone face, aging, or even destroy, later stage regulation is costly, and the gravity retaining wall commonly used such as China relies on
Between dead load and retaining wall bottom surface and basis frictional force come antidumping and resistance soil pressure act to keep engineering structure and
The stability of slope soil, because its volume, weight are larger, construction and excavation earth volume is big, and operating expenses is higher.Conventional slope protection
Type have mortar flag stone revetment, gunite concrete, shotcrete bank protection, anchor and spray net bank protection, suspension roof support, cable bolting, lattice etc.,
This kind of measure is applied to have the side slope of certain stability, is mainly peeled off and a small amount of falling rocks to prevent and treat the rock decay of side slope surface
Phenomena such as chip off-falling.Biological control measure mainly uses phytobiocoenose Gu Po, keeps the effect of soil and has a fixed limit, but with plant
Growth, breeding, can be increasing to the effect for mitigating domatic unstability and corroding, and it can recover because engineering construction is destroyed
Ecological environment.
The bulkhead tech for the synthesis slope protection system that ecological revetment is made up of plant or engineering and plant, in slope excavating shape
Cheng Hou, by planting plants or coordinate engineering measure, carrying out protection using the effect side slope such as root system anchoring of plant top layer adds
Gu being allowed to that the requirement that side slope top layer is stable can be met, and can recovers the bank protection mode of destroyed natural ecological environment.Mesh
Before, domestic ecological revetment type mainly includes Planting Grass kind tree bank protection, hydraulic sprinkle grass planting bank protection, earth working material aggregate species
Phytyl, vegetation type eco-concrete, soil moved in improve the original plant plant bank protection, tiling turf, ecology bag bank protection, stone-laying barricade and Ecotypic Stone Mesh-box
Bank protection class grid ecological revetment etc..But application upper existence form it is single the problem of, it is impossible to suit measures to local conditions, with reference to locality from
So, Hydrological characteristics select the type of bank protection.Ion type rareearth mine has that upper soll layer is loose, soil layer is shallow, soil contains
Outlet capacity is low and is research soil and water conservation and the key area administered, its ecological revetment is always the features such as severe water and soil erosion
One technical barrier of association area.
Chinese patent 200910194905.6 " a kind of ecological slope protection structure " discloses a kind of ecological slope protection structure, and it includes
Base foundation, Ecological Retaining Wall, view and admire platform and bank protection region；Horizontal direction of its various pieces along river to riverbank is successively
Arrangement.Base foundation is made up of plain alkali bed course and reinforcing bar alkali bottom plate, and Ecological Retaining Wall is kept off by celluar concrete basis and ecological block stone
Wall forms, and it is to adopt to view and admire the platform rubble of bottom and top cobble structure composition, bank protection region with timber and baffle arrangement
The Dredged bed mud for backfill is fixed on bank slope with timber, wooden fence and non-woven fabrics, planted respectively in region draft,
Three kinds of different type plants of shrub and arbor.Chinese patent 201410169374.6 " sash beam ecological slope protection structure and construction party
Method ", a kind of sash beam ecological slope protection structure and construction method are disclosed, is first set in side slope by anchor cable or anchor pole and concrete
Sash, then the straw bag for filling planting soil is successively piled up in sash, then fix straw bag, last dry type spraying with plastic wire or wire netting
Broadcast, form the basic unit containing straw decomposing inoculant and the surface layer containing vegetable seeds, plant grows from surface layer.China
201420292351.2 " a kind of ecological revetment plant cages of patent ", disclose a kind of ecological revetment plant cage, including by stainless steel
The box cylinder mould that screen knitting forms and the plant bag inside box cylinder mould, the inside of plant bag is filled with base material, in base material
Inside planting plants seed, base material provides nutrient for the germinating growth of vegetable seeds, and plant bag is by using polypropylene as raw material
Manufactured non-woven fabrics sewing forms.
For ion type rareearth mine, because side slope has loose earth, there is following defect in existing bulkhead tech：
(1) concrete of the protective slope structure such as armored concrete long and short anchor arm, ecological stone-laying barricade, stonework amount are big,
Retaining Walls of Hollow Concrete Blocks typically uses cemented rock method, and working procedure is more, and construction costs is higher, although such slope protection form opposite side
Slope is stablized beneficial, but can not solve the problems, such as Rare-earth Mine soil erosion.
(2) anchor cable or anchor pole and concrete sash bank protection need large-scale construction equipment, and Rare-earth Mine is often being had inconvenient traffic
Hills, the transport amount of equipment and material is big, the construction and side slope protection construction to anchor pole and concrete sash
Required precision is higher, if construction precision is inadequate, the soil body under framework is yielding and is washed away by rainwater, and add slope instability can
Can property.
(3) cost of box cylinder mould is of a relatively high, if slope is placed in slope angle or side slope certain position can make slope stability, but
Side slope face can still make rainwater take away the soil body without processing, be unfavorable for the stabilization of side slope.If box-shaped cylinder mould is covered into overall slope
Face, then construction costs is very high, and needs substantial amounts of block stone.
(4) eluvial layer of completely decomposed layer and top of the ion type rareearth mine containing ore body, can assign under nature
The diving compared with horn of plenty is deposited, its watery, water penetration are preferable, are water-bearing layer, and as ore body bottom plate are half weathering-not
The basement rock of weathering, watery, the water penetration inequality of its rock stratum, can be considered water barrier.Current slope protection structure does not consider dilute
The property of native mine topsoil, that is, have that highly permeable is strong, while water-retaining property is also poor, is unfavorable for the growth of plant；If in heavy showers
The water inside and outside slopes is excluded not in time then easily causes soil erosion and landslide.
The content of the invention
A kind of the defects of it is an object of the invention to overcome prior art, there is provided ion type rareearth mine ecological revetment knot
Structure, it can eliminate ion type rareearth mine side slope entirety and the potential safety hazard of local buckling, improve slope soil mechanical property,
Ecological functions are had concurrently while preventing and treating and coming down, and have that protective slope structure is simple, is easy to make, is easy for construction, green, ecological
The characteristics of environmental effect is good, low engineering cost.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of ion type rareearth mine ecological slope protection structure, bamboo framework, the press-in of bamboo framework are disposed with side slope slope
In soil；Described bamboo framework is fixed together by the bamboo framework moulding of vertical and horizontal and formed, and bamboo framework moulding is by whole bamboo
Cut open along axis one and formed for two, the concave surface of bamboo framework moulding is upwardly disposed on side slope slope；It is provided with bamboo framework moulding
Through hole, is disposed with drainpipe on through hole, in the soil of drainpipe insertion side slope slope；Slope is disposed with the bottom of side slope slope
Bottom gutter, upper, the left and right edge of side slope slope are also disposed with side gutter, and side gutter connects with bottom of slope gutter
It is logical；Kind is implanted with trees on the slope leveling level land of side slope slope top of the slope；On side slope slope, the leveling of bottom of slope, slope it is flat
Bamboo stake is squeezed into respectively on the ground, described bamboo stake top retains first segment ring, is disposed with bamboo stake more than first segment ring
Ecology plants bag and is provided with water seepage hole on bamboo pile lining；Described ecology is planted bag and is made up of geotextiles parcel grass-seed base material.
Described drainpipe is made by the bamboo of removal ring, and osculum is furnished with bamboo wall, fitros is placed with thick bamboo tube.
Described grass-seed base material composition and its weight proportion are：Clay 40%-50%, sand 20-30%, plant ash
10% -30%, sawdust 10% -20%, water 5% -15%, grass-seed 0.01% -1%.
Described bamboo framework press-in soil depth is 2-10 centimetres.
3-10 millimeters of the thickness of bamboo used in described bamboo framework moulding, 5-25 centimetres of diameter, 2 meters-15 meters of length,
Ring among bamboo removes；Tied up between the bamboo framework moulding of vertical and horizontal by the colligation hole opened up thereon with tie wire
Prick, 5-10 millimeters of the diameter in colligation hole, 1-4 millimeters of tie wire diameter；Spacing between parallel bamboo framework moulding for 2-
15 meters.
0.5 meter-2.5 meters of described bamboo pile length, 4-20 centimetres of diameter, the horizontal and vertical spacing of bamboo stake is 0.5
- 5.5 meters of rice；Same circle infiltration pitch of holes is 1-5 centimetres in bamboo stake, and axial spacing is 5-10 centimetres, the diameter of water seepage hole
5-25 millimeters.
Described trees are horizontal, longitudinal pitch is 0.8 meter -6 meters, and trees are from navel orange trees, tangerine tree, bamboo, bamboo
Willow, eucalyptus, Chinese fir, pine tree, camphor tree.
Described bottom of slope gutter, the depth in side gutter are 0.3 meter-0.8 meter, 0.5-0.8 meter of width, gutter
It is floating with mortar.
4-10 centimetres described of draining pipe diameter, 0.5 meter-2.5 meters of length, the spacing of same circle osculum on drainpipe
For 2-3 centimetres, axial spacing is 2-10 centimetres, 5-15 millimeters of the diameter of osculum；Drainpipe exposes soil layer 5 centimetres -10
Centimetre, fitros grading is 1 centimetre -3 centimetres.
Described plant ash is fired and formed with weeds, cavings, shrub, and grass-seed selects Bermuda grass, paspalum notatum, Festuca Arundinacea.
The present invention has following beneficial effect：
(1) present invention makes ecological revetment lattice frame with bamboo, its connection bamboo stake and bamboo drainpipe with side slope
Connection, it is not necessary to which the reinforced concrete member such as anchor pole connects with side slope, adds the bank protections such as armored concrete lattice frame with respect to anchor pole
Structure type, construction is simple of the present invention, low cost.
(2) bamboo framework forms flexible protective slope structure after being connected with bamboo drainpipe, bamboo stake, and the grass-seed base material in bamboo stake is containing viscous
Soil, although Rare-earth Mine soil property good penetrability, being not easy water conservation, clay has certain water-retaining property, is advantageous to grass-seed growth to water
Point requirement, be provided with water seepage hole in bamboo stake, be advantageous to prevent from coming down by rainwater discharge in rainy season, grass-seed will not be caused to rot, bamboo
Grass-seed germination in stake, take root after careless coring go deep into side slope soil layer, ecological slope protection structure and slope soil form one after bank protection
It is stable overall.
(3) bamboo stake and drainpipe press-in or reinforced action is played after squeezing into side slope, while there is very strong soil compaction effect, can be with
Improve the shearing strength of the soil body, improve the anti-slide performance of side slope.
(4) the drainpipe bamboo making in side slope, the water of discharge will not wash away Slope outside bamboo outflow slope
Face, be advantageous to the stabilization of side slope.Slope leveling level land can reduce the sliding force of side slope, be advantageous to the stabilization of slopes, after kind grass, tree
Ecological revetment woods and can be formed and form industrial crops woods, the gutter on side slope bottom and side slope periphery can protect rainwater side slope
The soil body washes away and soaked, and prevents rainwater, the effect of infiltration from taking away the part soil body.
The present invention fusion ecotechnology principle, use original ecological material bamboo for project post-evaluation measure material, using trees
It is ecological revetment means with grass, had both ensure that the stabilization of side slope, the fast quick-recovery of slope vegetation can be realized again, reach mankind's activity
With the harmonious coexistence of natural environment.The present invention can prevent and treat ion type rareearth mine slope of stope landslide, soil erosion, operation letter
Just, low engineering cost, ecological, environmental protective.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation (cut open and show) of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of bamboo framework in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is bamboo pilework schematic diagram in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the protective slope structure schematic diagram of embodiment 2 in the present invention.
In figure：1. bamboo framework, 101. bamboo framework mouldings, 102. through holes, 103. colligation holes, 104. tie wires；
2. bamboo stake, 201. bamboo stake the upper halfs, 202. water seepage holes, 203. rings, 204. ecologies plant bag；
3. drainpipe, 4. trees, 5. bottom of slope gutters, 6. bottom of slope, 7. side slope slopes, 8. slopes leveling level land, 9. slopes
Body.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail：
Embodiment 1：
38 meters of side slope bottom width degree, 6 meters of slope height, 8.5 meters of side slope slope length.
As shown in figure 1, the present invention includes bamboo framework 1, bamboo stake 2, drainpipe 3, trees 4, bottom of slope gutter 5, side slope side
Gutter.The bamboo framework 1 is placed on side slope slope 7, and drainpipe 3 is squeezed into by the through hole 102 opened on bamboo framework moulding 101
In the soil layer of side slope slope 7, bamboo stake 2 is squeezed into side slope slope 7 and slope leveling level land 8, while in bamboo framework two about 1
While squeezing into bamboo stake 2, for 4 kinds of trees on slope leveling level land 8, bottom of slope gutter 5 is located at the bottom of slope 6 of side slope, the draining of side slope side
Ditch is located at upper, the left and right edge of side slope slope 7.
As shown in Fig. 2 bamboo framework 1 be the vertical and horizontal colligation of bamboo framework moulding 101 together, bamboo framework moulding 101 is by thereon
The colligation of tie wire 104 of colligation hole 103, bamboo framework 1 are pressed into soil layer.Fitros is placed with drainpipe 3.
As shown in figure 3, bamboo stake 2 retains the ring 203 of top first segment closing, in bamboo stake the upper half (first segment ring 203
Above section) water seepage hole 202 is furnished with 201, place ecology in bamboo stake the upper half 201 and plant bag 204, wherein ecology plant bag 204 by
Geotextiles, grass-seed base material composition.
The bamboo making of bamboo framework moulding 101 in bamboo framework 1,3.5-5.6 millimeters of the thickness of bamboo, diameter 15-20
Centimetre, bamboo is splitted from end face center with knife, one cuts open to become two semicircular bamboo canes after two, will be per half of bamboo in the middle part of
Ring sliced off with knife, slice off the closing ring among bamboo and be mainly beneficial to draining, so formation bamboo framework moulding 101.Bamboo
The length of framework moulding 101 has 4 meters and 8.5 meters two kinds, the total quantity of bamboo framework moulding 101 is 30, and wherein 4 meters of length is total to
2, totally 28 of 8.5 meters of length.
4 8.5 meters long and 14 meters long bamboo framework mouldings 101, its concave surface are disposed with positioned at the top edge of side slope slope 7
Upward.Bamboo framework moulding 101 positioned at Slope bottom shares 4 8.5 meters long and 14 meters long bamboo framework mouldings 101 and formed,
Its concave surface is upward.The concave surface of bamboo framework moulding 101 being longitudinally arranged along side slope is upward.It is arranged in the bamboo at side slope top of the slope and Slope bottom
The spacing of framework moulding 101 is 8.5 meters, and the spacing for the bamboo framework moulding 101 being longitudinally arranged is 2 meters, longitudinally arranged bamboo framework
Moulding 101 shares 20, every 8.5 meters of root long degree.Drilled out directly with drill bit at the both ends of bamboo framework moulding 101 of vertical and horizontal arrangement
8 millimeters of footpath colligation hole 103, the colligation hole at the both ends of bamboo framework moulding 101 of vertical and horizontal is alignd, tie wire 104 is worn
Cross colligation hole 103 and carry out colligation, 3 millimeters of 104 diameter of tie wire, squeeze into bamboo framework 1 with hammer after side slope inclined-plane is flattened
Soil depth is 5 centimetres.
The drainpipe 3 uses bamboo making, and 5 centimetres of bamboo diameter, 1.2 meters of length, end is fined away to form draining with knife
Tip portion, be advantageous to squeeze into side slope soil layer.Closing ring is disclosed with long reinforcing bar among bamboo, so become hollow bamboo trunk with
For draining, on drainpipe 3 spacing of same circle osculum be 3 centimetres, axial spacing be 8 centimetres, with drilling machine drill draining
Hole, 8 millimeters of the diameter of osculum.Drainpipe 3 is horizontal to squeezing into side slope soil layer by through hole on longitudinal bamboo framework moulding 101 102,
6 centimetres of 102 diameter of through hole, uses bit bore.The end of drainpipe 3 is basseted 5 centimetres, and fitros, fitros level are placed with drainpipe 3
With 1 centimetre -2 centimetres, the bamboo framework moulding 101 that the water in such side slope can be flowed out along longitudinal direction from drainpipe be discharged, Bu Huichong
Brush it is domatic, take away the soil body.The part that drainpipe 3 and bamboo lattice longitudinal direction bamboo framework moulding 101 intersect is firm with iron wire colligation.
As shown in figure 3, the bamboo making of bamboo stake 2, including water seepage hole 202, the ring 203 of closing, bamboo stake the upper half
Ecology in 201 plants bag 204.0.4 meter of 201 length of bamboo stake the upper half, top retain the ring 203 of a section closing, and ring 203 rises
Iris action plants bag 204 to deposit ecology.The spacing of same circle water seepage hole 202 is 5 centimetres, axially on bamboo stake the upper half 201
Spacing is 6 centimetres, and with drilling machine drill water seepage hole 202,15 millimeters of the diameter of water seepage hole 202, water seepage hole 202 also plays permeation functions.
The end of bamboo stake 2 is whittled into bamboo point, in favor of bamboo stake 2 is squeezed into soil layer.
Ecology is planted bag 204 and is made up of geotextiles, grass-seed base material in bamboo stake 2.0.6 meter of 2 length of bamboo stake, 8 centimetres of diameter.It is described
Porous, the permeable geotextiles of geotextiles.Grass-seed base material composition material and its mixing ratio by weight are in the bamboo stake 2：Clay：Sand：
Plant ash, sawdust：Water：Grass-seed=42%：28%:10%：10%：9.95%：0.05%.Clay can with general clay, clay
Plasticity is strong, has certain water holding capacity.The permeability of sand medium coarse sand, sand and sawdust compared with it is strong, venting capability is good, sawdust
Organic matter gradually is resolved into, is converted into herbal fertilizer, while the space formed after decomposing becomes air-vent, is advantageous to grass
The growth of this plant.Plant ash fires the fertilizer formed as grass seeds by the use of weeds, cavings, shrub at the scene, can promote the life of grass
It is long.Grass seed selects Bermuda grass.Water river.After clay, sand, plant ash, sawdust, water, grass-seed are ready to according to the above ratio,
Stirred after clay, sand, plant ash, sawdust, water, grass-seed are mixed.Geotextiles are put into bamboo stake the upper half 201, will
Clay, sand, plant ash, sawdust, water, grass-seed compound pour into geotextiles and compaction in layers, forms grass-seed base material.
As shown in figure 1, the side slope slope of side slope slope 7 and leveling is squeezed into the bamboo stake 2 by horizontal and vertical 2 meters of spacing
Level land 8 is flattened, while horizontal and vertical 1 meter of spacing is being pressed positioned at the both sides of bamboo framework moulding 101 on Slope top and Slope bottom
Squeeze into bamboo stake 2.After ecology in bamboo stake 2 plants the grass-seed growth in bag 204, there is careless root system side slope plant root whisker anchoring to make
With playing water and soil conservation and stability of slope.After bamboo stake 2 and drainpipe 3 squeeze into side slope, the side slope soil body has compacted work
With can improve the intensity of slope soil, be advantageous to the stabilization of slopes 9.
As shown in figure 1, the trees 4 are planted on slope leveling level land 8 at a certain distance, trees 4 it is horizontal between, longitudinal direction
Away from for 5 meters, trees 4 select navel orange trees and bamboo willow.
As shown in figure 1,0.5 meter of the depth in the bottom of slope gutter 5,0.6 meter of width, floating with mortar, prevent rainwater from oozing
Wash out thoroughly.
The side gutter is located at side slope lateral perimeter, 0.6 meter of 0.5 meter of the depth in side slope side gutter, width, uses
Mortar is floating, prevents rain penetration from washing out.
In the present embodiment, the step of implementation is：(1) side gutter is dug around slopes 9.(2) dug at side slope bottom 6
If bottom of slope gutter 5.(3) processing of the bamboo framework moulding 101 of bamboo framework 1 is carried out while step (1), (2) are implemented, and together
Shi Jiagong bamboos stake 2 and drainpipe 3.(4) bamboo framework 1 is installed on side slope slope 7.(5) 3 are fixed a drainpipe.(6) it is oblique in side slope
Domatic 7 and slope leveling level land 8 on bamboo stake 2 is installed.(7) trees 4 are planted on slope leveling level land 8.
The bamboo framework 1 and drainpipe 3 of the present invention, bamboo stake 2 form ecological slope protection structure, and the grass-seed base material in bamboo stake 2 is containing viscous
Soil, fertilizer, grass-seed germination in bamboo stake 2, coring careless after taking root go deep into the soil layer of side slope slope 7, ecological slope protection structure and slope
It is stable overall that body 9 forms one.Bamboo stake 2 and drainpipe 3 are squeezed into after side slope slope 7 due to very strong soil compaction effect, can be with
Improve the shearing strength of the soil body, improve the anti-slide performance of side slope.The water that side slope slope 7 is discharged is by drainpipe 3 along bamboo framework
Moulding 101 is flowed out outside slope, will not wash away side slope surface.Ecological revetment woods and can, which can be formed, after kind grass, tree forms industrial crops
Woods, bottom of slope and side gutter can protect washing away and soaking for the rainwater side slope soil body, prevent rainwater, the effect of infiltration from taking away portion
Divide the soil body.By the time of 1 year, after side slope grass, tree growth are good, green grass joined together, and side slope just can complete stability.The present invention
Coordinate with armored concrete lattice frame, anchor pole between lattice compared with grass planting bank protecting method, the present invention can save engineering cost about
50%.
Embodiment 2：
76 meters of side slope bottom width degree, 10 meters of slope height, side slope slope is irregular.
As shown in figure 4, the present embodiment is the step of implementation：(1) slopes 9 cut slope, smooth first, side slope is accomplished
Two-stage side slope, every grade of Slope is high 5 meters, and every grade of length of side slope slope 7 is 7.07 meters, 45 ° of slope angle, and slope is whole between two-stage side slope
Flatly 8 width is 4 meters.(2) side gutter is dug around slopes 9.(3) bottom of slope gutter 5 is dug in bottom of slope 6.(4)
The processing of the bamboo framework moulding 101 of bamboo framework 1 is carried out while step (1), (2), (3) are implemented, and processes the He of bamboo stake 2 simultaneously
Drainpipe 3.(5) bamboo framework 1 is installed on two-stage side slope slope 7.(6) 3 are fixed a drainpipe.(7) side slope slope 7 and putting
Bamboo stake 2 is installed on leveling level land 8 in slope.(8) trees 4 are planted on slope leveling level land 8.
The ecological slope protection structure is by bamboo framework 1, bamboo stake 2, drainpipe 3, trees 4, bottom of slope gutter 5, side gutter
Composition.
As shown in figure 4, the bamboo framework 1 is placed on side slope slope 7, the drainpipe 3 passes through longitudinal bamboo framework moulding
Through hole 102 on 101 squeezes into the soil layer of side slope slope 7, and side slope slope 7 and side slope slope leveling level land are squeezed into the bamboo stake 2
8, while squeeze into bamboo stake 2 on the both sides of bamboo framework moulding 101 for being arranged in side slope top and side slope bottom.4 kinds of the trees are whole in slope
Flatly on 8.The bottom of slope gutter 5 is located in bottom of slope 6.The side gutter is located at the periphery of side slope slope 7.
As shown in Fig. 2 the both ends of bamboo framework moulding 101 are provided with colligation hole 103, the bamboo framework moulding 101 of vertical and horizontal
By the colligation of tie wire 104 of colligation hole 103, it is 6 centimetres that bamboo framework 1, which is pressed into soil depth,.Fitros is placed with drainpipe 3.
The bamboo stake 2 is planted bag 204 by the ecology in water seepage hole 202, the ring 203 of closing, bamboo stake the upper half 201 and formed, the end of bamboo stake 2
End is fined away, and ecology is planted bag 204 and is made up of geotextiles, grass-seed base material wherein in bamboo stake 2.
The bamboo framework 1 is made up of the bamboo framework moulding 101 of vertical and horizontal.The whole bamboo system of bamboo framework moulding 101
Make, 2.5-4.5 millimeters of the thickness of bamboo, 14-19 centimetres of diameter, bamboo is splitted from end face center with knife, one cuts open as after two
Become two semicircular bamboo canes, the ring in the middle part of every half of bamboo is sliced off with knife, slice off the semiclosed ring among bamboo
It is to be used for draining, so forms bamboo framework moulding 101.It is arranged in the length of bamboo framework moulding 101 longitudinal on side slope slope 7
For 7.07 meters, the length for being arranged in the bamboo framework moulding 101 at side slope top and side slope bottom has 7.07 meters and 5.3 meters two kinds.
As shown in figure 4, positioned at two-stage side slope slope edges the concave surface of bamboo framework moulding 101 upward, share 10 7.07
Rice is long and 1 5.3 meters long.The bamboo framework moulding 101 of the bottom of slope arrangement of two-stage side slope, its concave surface upward, shares 10 7.07 meters
It is long and 1 5.3 meters long.Its concave surface of framework moulding 101 being longitudinally arranged along side slope is upward.Be arranged in every grade of side slope side slope top and
The spacing of the bamboo framework moulding 101 at side slope bottom is 7.07 meters, and spacing of the bamboo framework moulding 101 in longitudinal direction is 1.9 meters, is longitudinally arranged
Bamboo framework moulding 101 41 are shared in every grade of side slope, per 7.07 meters of root long degree.Bored at the both ends of bamboo framework moulding 101
Head bores colligation hole 103,5 millimeters of the diameter in colligation hole 103, by tying up for the both ends of the bamboo framework moulding 101 of vertical and horizontal arrangement
Prick hole 103 to align, 2 millimeters of tie wire 104 of diameter is subjected to colligation through colligation hole 103, after side slope slope 7 is flattened
Bamboo framework 1 is squeezed into 6 centimetres of soil depth with hammer.
The drainpipe 3 uses bamboo making, and 6 centimetres of bamboo diameter, 1.0 meters of length, end is fined away with knife, is advantageous to beat
Enter side slope soil layer.The ring of bamboo is disclosed with long reinforcing bar, so becomes hollow bamboo trunk for draining, same on drainpipe 3
The spacing of one circle osculum is 4 centimetres, axial spacing is 10 centimetres, with drilling machine drill osculum, 9 millimeters of the diameter of osculum.
Drainpipe 3 is horizontal to squeezing into side slope soil layer, 6 centimetres of 102 diameter of through hole, with brill by through hole on longitudinal bamboo framework moulding 101 102
Head drilling.Drainpipe 3 exposes 8 centimetres of soil layer, is placed with the fitros of 1 centimetre -3 centimetres of grading in drainpipe 3, in such side slope
Water can flow out from drainpipe 3 and be discharged along the bamboo framework moulding 101 being longitudinally arranged, will not wash away it is domatic, take away the soil body.Draining
The part that pipe 3 and the bamboo framework moulding 101 being longitudinally arranged intersect is firm with iron wire colligation.
Ecology in the bamboo making of bamboo stake 2, including water seepage hole 202, ring 203, bamboo stake the upper half 201 plants bag
204.0.6 meter of 201 length of bamboo stake the upper half, top retain first segment ring 203, and ring 203 takes blocking effect to deposit ecology
Plant bag 204.Bamboo stake the upper half 201 it is same circle the spacing of water seepage hole 202 be 6 centimetres, axial spacing be 7 centimetres, with drilling machine drill
Water seepage hole 202,10 millimeters of the diameter of water seepage hole 202, water seepage hole 202 also plays permeation functions.The end of bamboo stake 2 is fined away, in favor of
Soil layer is squeezed into bamboo stake 2.
Ecology is planted bag 204 and is made up of geotextiles, grass-seed base material in bamboo stake 2.0.8 meter of 2 length of bamboo stake, 6 centimetres of diameter.It is described
Porous, the permeable geotextiles of geotextiles.The grass-seed base material composition material and its mixing ratio by weight are：Clay：Sand：Plant ash,
Sawdust：Water：Grass-seed=45%：25%:10%：10%：9.9%：0.1%.The general clay of clay, clay plasticity is strong, has
Certain water holding capacity.The permeability of sand medium coarse sand, sand and sawdust compared with it is strong, venting capability is good, sawdust gradually decomposes
Into organic matter, herbal fertilizer is converted into, while the space formed after decomposing becomes air-vent, is advantageous to herbal
Growth.Plant ash fires the fertilizer formed as grass seeds by the use of weeds, cavings, shrub at the scene, can promote the growth of grass.Grass seed
Select Festuca Arundinacea.Water well water, well water connect 200 meters of water pipes from the well in village and are extracted into job site.Clay, sand, plant ash,
Sawdust, water, grass-seed press 45%：25%:10%：10%：9.9%：After 0.1% ratio is ready to, by clay, sand, plant ash,
Stirred after sawdust, water, grass-seed mixing.Geotextiles are put into bamboo stake the upper half 201, by clay, sand, plant ash, saw
End, water, grass-seed compound pours into geotextiles and compaction in layers, forms grass-seed base material.
The side slope slope that side slope slope 7 and leveling are squeezed into the bamboo stake 2 by horizontal and vertical 2.5 meters of spacing flattens level land
On 8, while bamboo stake is squeezed into the both sides of bamboo framework moulding 101 with side slope bottom at the top of side slope by horizontal and vertical 1.5 meters of spacing
2.After ecology in bamboo stake 2 plants the grass-seed growth in bag 204, careless root system side slope has plant root whisker anchorage effect, plays water
Soil is kept and the effect of stability of slope.After bamboo stake 2 and drainpipe 3 squeeze into side slope, the side slope soil body has crowd in-out effects and reinforcement
Effect, the intensity of slope soil can be improved, be advantageous to the stabilization of side slope 9.
The trees 4 by it is horizontal to, 5 meters of kinds of longitudinal pitch on slope leveling level land 8, trees 4 select navel orange trees.
The bottom of slope gutter 5 is located in bottom of slope 6,0.5 meter of 0.4 meter of the depth in bottom of slope gutter 5, width, is smeared with mortar
It is flat, prevent rain penetration from washing out.
The side gutter is located on side slope side, left and right edge, 0.4 meter of the depth in side gutter, width 0.5
Rice, it is floating to prevent rain penetration from washing out with mortar.
The present invention makes ecological revetment lattice frame with bamboo, the grass-seed base material argillaceous in bamboo stake, and clay has and protected
Water effect, be advantageous to grass-seed growth, water seepage hole 202 is provided with bamboo stake 2, be advantageous to prevent from coming down by ponding discharge, and will not make
Being rotted into grass-seed, the germination of grass-seed in bamboo stake 2, coring careless after taking root go deep into side slope soil layer, have plant root whisker anchorage effect,
Bamboo stake 2 and drainpipe 3, which squeeze into side slope, has very strong soil compaction effect, can improve the shearing strength of the soil body, improve the anti-of side slope
Sliding ability.The bamboo making of drainpipe 3 in side slope, the water of discharge is outside bamboo outflow slope, it is therefore prevented that slopes draining and flushing
Side slope surface, side slope top kind grass planting, ecological revetment woods and can formation industrial crops woods, side slope bottom and side slope week can be formed after setting
The gutter on side can prevent washing away and soaking for the rainwater side slope soil body.The bamboo framework moulding 101 for being arranged in side slope top of the slope can be with
Prevent rainwater from covering side slope top, prevent rainwater, the effect of infiltration from taking away the soil body.By 3 months, grass-seed germinating growth, root
Slopes must be entered, trees also survive, and by one-year age, side slope grass, tree growth can be good, and side slope would not unstability and water and soil stream
Lose, by two years, grass and trees just can cover whole slopes.The present invention coordinates with armored concrete lattice frame, anchor pole
Grass planting bank protecting method is compared between lattice, and its expense can reduce about 40%；Add vegetation slope pavement with gravity retaining wall or ecological block
Method is compared, and its expense can reduce about 35%.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of ion type rareearth mine ecological slope protection structure, it is characterized in that：Bamboo framework, bamboo frame are disposed with side slope slope
In frame press-in soil；Described bamboo framework is fixed together by the bamboo framework moulding of vertical and horizontal and formed, and bamboo framework moulding is by whole
Root bamboo is cutd open along axis one and formed for two, and the concave surface of bamboo framework moulding is upwardly disposed on side slope slope；On bamboo framework moulding
Through hole is provided with, drainpipe is disposed with through hole, drainpipe is inserted in the soil of side slope slope；In the bottom cloth of side slope slope
Bottom of slope gutter is equipped with, upper, the left and right edge of side slope slope is also disposed with side gutter, and side gutter is arranged with bottom of slope
Ditch connects；Kind is implanted with trees on the slope leveling level land of side slope slope top of the slope；On side slope slope, bottom of slope, slope
Leveling has squeezed into bamboo stake respectively on level land, and described bamboo stake top retains first segment ring, in bamboo stake more than first segment ring
Ecology is disposed with to plant bag and be provided with water seepage hole on bamboo pile lining；Described ecology plants bag and wraps up grass-seed base material structure by geotextiles
Into.
2. a kind of ion type rareearth mine ecological slope protection structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Described drainpipe
Made by the bamboo of removal ring, osculum is furnished with bamboo wall, fitros is placed with thick bamboo tube.
3. a kind of ion type rareearth mine ecological slope protection structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Described grass-seed base
Material forms and its weight proportion is：Clay 40%-50%, sand 20-30%, plant ash 10%-30%, sawdust 10%-
20%, water 5% -15%, grass-seed 0.01% -1%.
4. a kind of ion type rareearth mine ecological slope protection structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Described bamboo framework
It is 2-10 centimetres to be pressed into soil depth.
5. a kind of ion type rareearth mine ecological slope protection structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Described bamboo framework
3-10 millimeters of the thickness of bamboo used in moulding, 5-25 centimetres of diameter, 2 meters-15 meters of length, the ring among bamboo remove；It is vertical
To passing through the colligation hole tie wire colligation that opens up thereon, the milli of diameter 5-10 in colligation hole between the bamboo framework moulding transverse direction
Rice, 1-4 millimeters of tie wire diameter；Spacing between parallel bamboo framework moulding is 2-15 meters.
6. a kind of ion type rareearth mine ecological slope protection structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Described bamboo stake is long
0.5 meter-2.5 meters of degree, 4-20 centimetres of diameter, the horizontal and vertical spacing of bamboo stake is 0.5 meter-5.5 meters；Same circle in bamboo stake
The pitch of holes that seeps water is 1-5 centimetres, and axial spacing is 5-10 centimetres, 5-25 millimeters of the diameter of water seepage hole.
7. a kind of ion type rareearth mine ecological slope protection structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Described trees are horizontal
It it is 0.8 meter -6 meters to, longitudinal pitch, trees are from navel orange trees, tangerine tree, bamboo, bamboo willow, eucalyptus, Chinese fir, pine tree, camphor tree
Tree.
8. a kind of ion type rareearth mine ecological slope protection structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Described bottom of slope row
Ditch, the depth in side gutter are 0.3 meter-0.8 meter, 0.5-0.8 meter of width, and gutter mortar is floating.
9. a kind of ion type rareearth mine ecological slope protection structure according to claim 2, it is characterized in that：Described drainpipe
4-10 centimetres of diameter, 0.5 meter-2.5 meters of length, the spacing of same circle osculum is 2-3 centimetres on drainpipe, axial spacing
For 2-10 centimetres, 5-15 millimeters of the diameter of osculum；Drainpipe exposes 5 centimetres -10 centimetres of soil layer, and fitros grading is 1 li
- 3 centimetres of rice.
10. a kind of ion type rareearth mine ecological slope protection structure according to claim 3, it is characterized in that：Described vegetation
Ash is fired and formed with weeds, cavings, shrub, and grass-seed selects Bermuda grass, paspalum notatum, Festuca Arundinacea.
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| CN111021375A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-17 | 河南省地质环境规划设计院有限公司 | Recovery and treatment method for mine geological environment |
| CN112012229A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-12-01 | 安徽理工大学 | Ecological restoration system for high steep slope rock slope of limestone mine stope |
| CN111972225A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-11-24 | 兰州交通大学 | Novel soil layer structure slope greening system and construction method thereof |
| CN113519229B (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2022-11-29 | 中铝广西有色稀土开发有限公司 | Reclamation and greening method for ionic rare earth mining area |
| CN113529754B (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2022-09-30 | 湖北工业大学 | Granular-body slope ecological slope protection structure and construction method |
| CN113622438B (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2022-12-20 | 苏交科集团（甘肃）交通规划设计有限公司 | Loess slope protection device and ecological slope protection method |
| CN114892030B (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2023-10-17 | 中国地质科学院矿产综合利用研究所 | In-situ mineral leaching structure and method based on ionic rare earth slope reinforcement |
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