CN109418151A - A kind of producing method for seed of high yield and high quality hybrid rice - Google Patents
A kind of producing method for seed of high yield and high quality hybrid rice Download PDFInfo
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- CN109418151A CN109418151A CN201710483483.9A CN201710483483A CN109418151A CN 109418151 A CN109418151 A CN 109418151A CN 201710483483 A CN201710483483 A CN 201710483483A CN 109418151 A CN109418151 A CN 109418151A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of producing method for seed of high yield and high quality hybrid rice, include the steps that sowing, field management and harvesting；Hybrid rice seed breeding process provided by the invention improves sowing efficiency, saves man power and material so that the production of hybrid seeds process of hybrid rice starts to realize mechanization.Producing method for seed provided by the invention is able to satisfy the technical requirements of breeding of hybrid rice completely, after the producing method for seed, female parent can reach 2.0 ten thousand caves/mu or more, more than 250,000/mu effective fringe, the high yield fringe particle swarm body of 2500-3000 ten thousand/mu grain husk flower, hybrid seed yield is up to 200 kgs/acre or more.Producing method for seed provided by the invention can be reduced labour's investment, reduce labor intensity, 20 mu can be sowed daily using the producing method for seed, 2 labours are needed to work at the same time, direct planting female parent simultaneously, save the recruitment of seedlings link and with field, 20 times of work efficiency are improved than maternal seedling transplanting method, improves 3 times of work efficiency or more than manually spreading direct-seeding.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of producing method for seed of high yield and high quality hybrid rice.
Background technique
From Three-line Hybrid rice research success in 1973, start within 1976 to promote and apply hybrid rice, until nineteen ninety
Chinese hybrid rice annual planting area is stablized at 2.4 hundred million mu, the 52% of Zhan Quanguo Monitoring of Paddy Rice Plant Area, to ensure Grain in China peace
Complete that socio-economic development is promoted to be made that outstanding contribution, hybrid rice need to produce hybrid seed every year, and national year production of hybrid seeds area reaches
To 1,300,000 mu or so, since 1976 since the large area production of hybrid seeds 36 years, breeding of hybrid rice is always a kind of labor intensive
Production technology, recruitment is more, large labor intensity.With the fast development of Chinese society's economy, the industrialized propulsion of urbanization, agriculture
Industry labour increasingly lacks, and recruitment cost is higher and higher, and the agricultural workforce of most seed breeding base increasingly can not meet miscellaneous
Hand over the demand of the more labours of the rice production of hybrid seeds, high-intensitive recruitment.For the foot of hybrid rice seeds needed for ensuring Food Security in China
Measure security provisions, it is necessary to first ensure the stabilization of breeding of hybrid rice, therefore the mechanization of breeding technology for hybrid rice gently simplifies
It is imperative.
Traditional labor intensive breeding technology for hybrid rice is based on whole manual operation, and artificial seedling moves
It plants, field management and receipts are shone.It is supported without enough labours because labour lacks with labour's aging, the seedling transplanting in many bases,
To have to take the method production of hybrid seeds manually spread and maternal seed is broadcast live, the light letter of the method saves labor, seed production and high-yield can be equally obtained, but
After female parent spreads live streaming, usually seedling is uneven, and disorder distribution causes field ventilating air permeability poor, the harm of Yi Yinfa disease pest and lodging,
And inconvenient field management.
Summary of the invention
Place, the present invention provide a kind of producing method for seed of high yield and high quality hybrid rice in order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, solve
The defects of manpower consumption of having determined is big, at high cost.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of producing method for seed of high yield and high quality hybrid rice includes the steps that sowing, field management and harvesting, which is characterized in that
The step of sowing are as follows:
(1) direct planting female parent is carried out in seed farm using rice precise hole-direct-sowing machine, wherein the seeding system of the cave seed-sowing machine
Including 12,14 or 16 seeders, 70~80cm of distance between the two adjacent seeders in middle is provided with pressure ditch
Device；Sowing extrudes the trapezoidal or " u "-shaped male parent row ditch for planting male parent while maternal, the width of the male parent row ditch is 30
~40cm, depth are 10~15cm；The seeder is divided into two parts by the pressure ditch device, and the seeder of every part is equidistant,
Spacing is 20~25cm, 5~10, the every bunch planting kind female parent seed of the cave seed-sowing machine；
(2) male parent is manually planted in the male parent row ditch, the male parent is planted with uniline or with the spacing duplicate rows of 14~18cm
It plants in the male parent row ditch, the male parent uses artificial seedling；The male parent is 18 days below in Parent sowing gap stage
Using water-raised seedling, sowing gap stage is 30~40 days using two sections of seedling；
(3) field management includes chemical weed control, and the chemical weed control is respectively in first 25~35 days of female parent sowing, maternal rice shoot
3~4 leaf phases and maternal 6~7 leaf phase of rice shoot carry out；The field management further includes fertilising, and the fertilising is broadcast in female parent respectively
Kind when, maternal 4~5 leaf phase of rice shoot, maternal tillering regularity and maternal V phase of ear differentiation carry out；The field management further includes
Water management, the water management are divided into seven stages progress: first segment is seed farm shallow water to be ploughed to leveling whole 2~3 days afterwards, to
Mud is heavy real, and draining open field waits sowing；Second segment is maternal after planting to 2.1 leaf phases, keeps seed furrow without bright water, water storage ditch is shallow
The field moisture state of water；Third section is that maternal 2.3 leaf of rice shoot to maternal ear differentiation is begun the phase, is irrigated every 12~14 days shallow
Water；4th section is the maternal phase of ear differentiation II~III to the initial phase of ear differentiation V, drains dry field, solarization is opened firmly to Tanaka's mud splits open not
Fall into foot；5th section is that maternal ear differentiation V interim phase to pollination of blooming terminates, and fills 10~20cm of deep water；6th section is to bloom to award
To first 7~9 days of harvesting, 3~5 shallow waters of intermittent irrigation after powder；7th section is harvesting first 7~9 days to gathering in, and draining is shone
Field；Wherein, the depth of the shallow water is 4cm or less.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: hybrid rice seed breeding process provided by the invention, so that the production of hybrid seeds of hybrid rice
Journey starts to realize mechanization, improves sowing efficiency, saves man power and material.Producing method for seed provided by the invention is entirely capable of full
The technical requirements of sufficient breeding of hybrid rice, after the producing method for seed, female parent can reach 2.0 ten thousand caves/mu or more, 250,000/mu
Above effective fringe, the high yield fringe particle swarm body of 2500-3000 ten thousand/mu grain husk flower, hybrid seed yield is up to 200 kgs/acre or more.The present invention
The producing method for seed of offer can be reduced labour's investment, reduce labor intensity, can sow 20 mu daily using the producing method for seed, need 2
Labour works at the same time, while direct planting female parent, saves the recruitment of seedlings link and with field, improves work efficiency than maternal seedling transplanting method
20 times, 3 times of work efficiency or more are improved than manually spreading direct-seeding.Producing method for seed provided by the invention is conducive to the cultivation of production of hybrid seeds male parent
And management, coordinate the contradiction of Parent seedling growth water management.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention will be described in detail, herein illustrative examples and explanation of the invention
For explaining the present invention, but it is not as a limitation of the invention.
A kind of producing method for seed of the high yield and high quality hybrid rice of embodiment 1 includes the steps that sowing, field management and harvesting,
The step of sowing are as follows:
(1) direct planting female parent is carried out in seed farm using rice precise hole-direct-sowing machine, wherein the seeding system of the cave seed-sowing machine
Including 12 seeders, distance 70cm between the two adjacent seeders in middle is provided with pressure ditch device；While sowing is maternal
The trapezoidal or " u "-shaped male parent row ditch for planting male parent is extruded, the width of the male parent row ditch is 30cm, depth 10cm；Institute
It states pressure ditch device and the seeder is divided into two parts, the seeder of every part is equidistant, spacing 20cm, the cave seed-sowing machine
Every 5, bunch planting kind female parent seed；
(2) male parent is manually planted in the male parent row ditch, the male parent is planted with uniline or planted with the spacing duplicate rows of 14cm
In the male parent row ditch, the male parent uses artificial seedling；The male parent is use below in 18 days in Parent sowing gap stage
Water-raised seedling, two sections of seedling of use that sowing gap stage is 30 days；
(3) field management includes chemical weed control, and the chemical weed control is respectively in first 25 days of female parent sowing, 3 leaf of maternal rice shoot
Phase and maternal 6 leaf phase of rice shoot carry out；The field management further includes fertilising, and the fertilising is respectively in female parent sowing, female parent
4 leaf phase of rice shoot, maternal tillering regularity and maternal V phase of ear differentiation carry out；The field management further includes water management, institute
State water management and be divided into seven stages progress: first segment is to plough seed farm shallow water to flatten whole 2 days latter, draining heavy in fact to mud
It waits sowing in open field；Second segment is maternal after planting to 2.1 leaf phases, keeps seed furrow without bright water, the field of water storage ditch shallow water is wet
State；Third section was that maternal 2.3 leaf of rice shoot to maternal ear differentiation is begun the phase, every 12 days irrigation shallow waters；4th section is maternal children
The phase of Spike development II~III to the initial phase of ear differentiation V drains dry field, and solarization opens to split open to Tanaka's mud firmly does not fall into foot；5th section is maternal
The interim phase of ear differentiation V to pollination of blooming terminates, and fills deep water 10cm；6th section is extremely gathered in first 7 days after blooming pollination,
3~5 shallow waters of intermittent irrigation；7th section is harvesting first 7 days to gathering in, and drains dry field；Wherein, the depth of the shallow water is 4cm
Below.
A kind of producing method for seed of the high yield and high quality hybrid rice of embodiment 2 includes the steps that sowing, field management and harvesting,
The step of sowing are as follows:
(1) direct planting female parent is carried out in seed farm using rice precise hole-direct-sowing machine, wherein the seeding system of the cave seed-sowing machine
Including 16 seeders, distance 80cm between the two adjacent seeders in middle is provided with pressure ditch device；While sowing is maternal
The trapezoidal or " u "-shaped male parent row ditch for planting male parent is extruded, the width of the male parent row ditch is 40cm, depth 15cm；Institute
It states pressure ditch device and the seeder is divided into two parts, the seeder of every part is equidistant, spacing 25cm, the cave seed-sowing machine
Every 10, bunch planting kind female parent seed；
(2) male parent is manually planted in the male parent row ditch, the male parent is planted with uniline or planted with the spacing duplicate rows of 18cm
In the male parent row ditch, the male parent uses artificial seedling；The male parent is use below in 18 days in Parent sowing gap stage
Water-raised seedling, two sections of seedling of use that sowing gap stage is 40 days；
(3) field management includes chemical weed control, and the chemical weed control is respectively in first 35 days of female parent sowing, 4 leaf of maternal rice shoot
Phase and maternal 7 leaf phase of rice shoot carry out；The field management further includes fertilising, and the fertilising is respectively in female parent sowing, female parent
5 leaf phase of rice shoot, maternal tillering regularity and maternal V phase of ear differentiation carry out；The field management further includes water management, institute
State water management and be divided into seven stages progress: first segment is to plough seed farm shallow water to flatten whole 3 days latter, draining heavy in fact to mud
It waits sowing in open field；Second segment is maternal after planting to 2.1 leaf phases, keeps seed furrow without bright water, the field of water storage ditch shallow water is wet
State；Third section was that maternal 2.3 leaf of rice shoot to maternal ear differentiation is begun the phase, every 14 days irrigation shallow waters；4th section is maternal children
The phase of Spike development II~III to the initial phase of ear differentiation V drains dry field, and solarization opens to split open to Tanaka's mud firmly does not fall into foot；5th section is maternal
The interim phase of ear differentiation V to pollination of blooming terminates, and fills deep water 20cm；6th section is extremely gathered in first 9 days after blooming pollination,
5 shallow waters of intermittent irrigation；7th section is harvesting first 9 days to gathering in, and drains dry field；Wherein, the depth of the shallow water be 4cm with
Under.
A kind of producing method for seed of the high yield and high quality hybrid rice of embodiment 3 includes the steps that sowing, field management and harvesting,
The step of sowing are as follows:
(1) direct planting female parent is carried out in seed farm using rice precise hole-direct-sowing machine, wherein the seeding system of the cave seed-sowing machine
Including 14 seeders, distance 75cm between the two adjacent seeders in middle is provided with pressure ditch device；While sowing is maternal
The trapezoidal or " u "-shaped male parent row ditch for planting male parent is extruded, the width of the male parent row ditch is 35cm, depth 13cm；Institute
It states pressure ditch device and the seeder is divided into two parts, the seeder of every part is equidistant, and spacing is 20~25cm, and the cave is straight
Broadcast 8, the every bunch planting kind female parent seed of machine；
(2) male parent is manually planted in the male parent row ditch, the male parent is planted with uniline or planted with the spacing duplicate rows of 16cm
In the male parent row ditch, the male parent uses artificial seedling；The male parent is use below in 18 days in Parent sowing gap stage
Water-raised seedling, two sections of seedling of use that sowing gap stage is 35 days；
(3) field management includes chemical weed control, and the chemical weed control is respectively in first 30 days of female parent sowing, 3 leaf of maternal rice shoot
Phase and maternal 7 leaf phase of rice shoot carry out；The field management further includes fertilising, and the fertilising is respectively in female parent sowing, female parent
5 leaf phase of rice shoot, maternal tillering regularity and maternal V phase of ear differentiation carry out；The field management further includes water management, institute
State water management and be divided into seven stages progress: first segment is to plough seed farm shallow water to flatten whole 2 days latter, draining heavy in fact to mud
It waits sowing in open field；Second segment is maternal after planting to 2.1 leaf phases, keeps seed furrow without bright water, the field of water storage ditch shallow water is wet
State；Third section was that maternal 2.3 leaf of rice shoot to maternal ear differentiation is begun the phase, every 13 days irrigation shallow waters；4th section is maternal children
The phase of Spike development II~III to the initial phase of ear differentiation V drains dry field, and solarization opens to split open to Tanaka's mud firmly does not fall into foot；5th section is maternal
The interim phase of ear differentiation V to pollination of blooming terminates, and fills deep water 15cm；6th section is extremely gathered in first 8 days after blooming pollination,
4 shallow waters of intermittent irrigation；7th section is harvesting first 8 days to gathering in, and drains dry field；Wherein, the depth of the shallow water be 4cm with
Under.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of producing method for seed of high yield and high quality hybrid rice includes the steps that sowing, field management and harvesting, feature exist
In, the sowing the step of are as follows:
(1) direct planting female parent is carried out in seed farm using rice precise hole-direct-sowing machine, wherein the seeding system of the cave seed-sowing machine
Including 12,14 or 16 seeders, 70~80cm of distance between the two adjacent seeders in middle is provided with pressure ditch
Device；Sowing extrudes the trapezoidal or " u "-shaped male parent row ditch for planting male parent while maternal, the width of the male parent row ditch is 30
~40cm, depth are 10~15cm；The seeder is divided into two parts by the pressure ditch device, and the seeder of every part is equidistant,
Spacing is 20~25cm, 5~10, the every bunch planting kind female parent seed of the cave seed-sowing machine；
(2) male parent is manually planted in the male parent row ditch, the male parent is planted with uniline or with the spacing duplicate rows of 14~18cm
It plants in the male parent row ditch, the male parent uses artificial seedling；The male parent is 18 days below in Parent sowing gap stage
Using water-raised seedling, sowing gap stage is 30~40 days using two sections of seedling；
(3) field management includes chemical weed control, and the chemical weed control is respectively in first 25~35 days of female parent sowing, maternal rice shoot
3~4 leaf phases and maternal 6~7 leaf phase of rice shoot carry out；The field management further includes fertilising, and the fertilising is broadcast in female parent respectively
Kind when, maternal 4~5 leaf phase of rice shoot, maternal tillering regularity and maternal V phase of ear differentiation carry out；The field management further includes
Water management, the water management are divided into seven stages progress: first segment is seed farm shallow water to be ploughed to leveling whole 2~3 days afterwards, to
Mud is heavy real, and draining open field waits sowing；Second segment is maternal after planting to 2.1 leaf phases, keeps seed furrow without bright water, water storage ditch is shallow
The field moisture state of water；Third section is that maternal 2.3 leaf of rice shoot to maternal ear differentiation is begun the phase, is irrigated every 12~14 days shallow
Water；4th section is the maternal phase of ear differentiation II~III to the initial phase of ear differentiation V, drains dry field, solarization is opened firmly to Tanaka's mud splits open not
Fall into foot；5th section is that maternal ear differentiation V interim phase to pollination of blooming terminates, and fills 10~20cm of deep water；6th section is to bloom to award
To first 7~9 days of harvesting, 3~5 shallow waters of intermittent irrigation after powder；7th section is harvesting first 7~9 days to gathering in, and draining is shone
Field；Wherein, the depth of the shallow water is 4cm or less.
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| CN201710483483.9A CN109418151A (en) | 2017-06-23 | 2017-06-23 | A kind of producing method for seed of high yield and high quality hybrid rice |
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102948363A (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2013-03-06 | 袁隆平农业高科技股份有限公司 | Seed production method for hybrid rice |
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- 2017-06-23 CN CN201710483483.9A patent/CN109418151A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102948363A (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2013-03-06 | 袁隆平农业高科技股份有限公司 | Seed production method for hybrid rice |
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Application publication date: 20190305 |
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