CN109259203A - 一种发酵杏鲍菇片的制备方法 - Google Patents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23L5/10—General methods of cooking foods, e.g. by roasting or frying
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/20—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification
- A23L5/21—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification by heating without chemical treatment, e.g. steam treatment, cooking
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
本发明主要涉及食品加工技术领域,公开了一种发酵杏鲍菇片的制备方法,包括:预处理、一次发酵、腌制、二次发酵、脱水干燥;本发明提供的发酵杏鲍菇片的制备方法,方法简单,得到的发酵杏鲍菇片营养丰富,香味浓郁,口感酥脆,酸辣爽口,增加市场上的杏鲍菇深加工产品,提高杏鲍菇的附加值;将杏鲍菇切片后用热水进行漂烫,对杏鲍菇进行熟制,去除异味;熟制后向杏鲍菇中加入白砂糖,混合均匀后进行乳酸菌一次发酵,增加小分子的营养和香味成分,酸甜适口,风味自然。
Description
技术领域
本发明主要涉及食品加工技术领域,尤其涉及一种发酵杏鲍菇片的制备方法。
背景技术
杏鲍菇营养丰富,富含蛋白质、碳水化合物、维生素及钙、镁、铜、锌等矿物质,可以提高人体免疫功能,对人体具有抗病毒、抗肿瘤、降血脂、降血糖、保护胃肠、美容等作用,目前杏鲍菇大多都是进行鲜食,市场上深加工的杏鲍菇产品极少,风味单一,不能满足消费者的需求,并且目前市场上还没有经过发酵工艺制备的杏鲍菇脆片。
发明内容
为了弥补已有技术的缺陷,本发明的目的是提供一种发酵杏鲍菇片的制备方法。
一种发酵杏鲍菇片的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)预处理:将杏鲍菇洗净,去头去尾,切成薄片,厚度为0.3~0.4cm,置于沸水中漂烫80~100s,对杏鲍菇进行熟制,去除异味,清水降温,沥水,得熟制杏鲍菇片;
(2)一次发酵:将熟制杏鲍菇片置于容器中,加入白砂糖溶液,翻拌均匀,再接入乳酸菌,混合均匀,于21~23℃发酵2~3天,增加小分子的营养和香味成分,酸甜适口,风味自然,得一次发酵杏鲍菇片;
(3)腌制:将一次发酵杏鲍菇片置于腌制料中,混合均匀,先于24~26℃腌制40~48h,使腌制料与杏鲍菇片均匀接触,再调节温度至2~4℃腌制15~17d,使腌制料中的风味成分缓慢渗入,使香鲍菇片酸辣爽口,香味浓郁,得腌制杏鲍菇片;
(4)二次发酵:向腌制杏鲍菇片中接入酿酒酵母,接入后浓度为2~3%,翻拌均匀,于26~28℃发酵3~4d,破坏杏鲍菇的纤维结构,进一步促进腌制风味渗入,使香味浓郁,口感爽滑,得二次发酵杏鲍菇片;
(5)脱水干燥:将二次发酵杏鲍菇片置于-46~-44℃,冷冻干燥至含水量为1~3%,使杏鲍菇快速失水,增加酥脆口感,易于消化吸收,真空包装,得发酵杏鲍菇片。
所述步骤(2)的白砂糖溶液,为白砂糖的饱和溶液,添加量为一次干燥西瓜皮重量的23~25%。
所述步骤(2)的乳酸菌,接入后浓度为2~3%,由以下重量份的菌株组成:干酪乳杆菌17~19、双歧杆菌13~15、保加利亚乳杆菌7~9、德氏乳杆菌4~6,菌株经二次活化后,将沉淀按重量份进行混合。
所述步骤(3)的腌制料,由以下重量份的原料组成:牛筒骨81~83、香葱15~17、生姜12~14、香辛料7~9、食盐2~3、鸡精3~4、水350~400;所述腌制料的制备方法,将所有原料混合后,于121℃蒸制30~40min,将蒸制料倒入锅中,加热浓缩至体积为原来的1/3,香味浓郁,营养丰富,过滤除渣,得腌制料。
所述的香辛料,由以下重量份的原料组成:辣椒24~26、花椒20~22、八角14~16、桂皮12~14、肉蔻7~9、茴香7~9、草果6~8、香菜籽5~7。
所述发酵杏鲍菇片的制备方法制备得到的发酵杏鲍菇片。
本发明的优点是:本发明提供的发酵杏鲍菇片的制备方法,方法简单,得到的发酵杏鲍菇片营养丰富,香味浓郁,口感酥脆,酸辣爽口,增加市场上的杏鲍菇深加工产品,提高杏鲍菇的附加值;将杏鲍菇切片后用热水进行漂烫,对杏鲍菇进行熟制,去除异味;熟制后向杏鲍菇中加入白砂糖,混合均匀后进行乳酸菌一次发酵,增加小分子的营养和香味成分,酸甜适口,风味自然;一次发酵后置于腌制料中先高温短时发酵,使腌制料与杏鲍菇片均匀接触,再进行低温长时腌制,使腌制料中的风味成分缓慢渗入,使香鲍菇片酸辣爽口,香味浓郁;腌制后向香鲍菇片中接入酿酒酵母进行二次发酵,破坏杏鲍菇的纤维结构,进一步促进腌制风味渗入,使香味浓郁,口感爽滑;二次发酵后进行冷冻干燥,使杏鲍菇快速失水,增加酥脆口感,易于消化吸收。
具体实施方式
下面用具体实施例说明本发明。
实施例1
一种发酵杏鲍菇片的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)预处理:将杏鲍菇洗净,去头去尾,切成薄片,厚度为0.3~0.4cm,置于沸水中漂烫80~100s,对杏鲍菇进行熟制,去除异味,清水降温,沥水,得熟制杏鲍菇片;
(2)一次发酵:将熟制杏鲍菇片置于容器中,加入白砂糖溶液,翻拌均匀,再接入乳酸菌,混合均匀,于21℃发酵2天,增加小分子的营养和香味成分,酸甜适口,风味自然,得一次发酵杏鲍菇片;所述的白砂糖溶液,为白砂糖的饱和溶液,添加量为一次干燥西瓜皮重量的23%;所述的乳酸菌,接入后浓度为2%,由以下重量份的菌株组成:干酪乳杆菌17、双歧杆菌13、保加利亚乳杆菌7、德氏乳杆菌4,菌株经二次活化后,将沉淀按重量份进行混合;
(3)腌制:将一次发酵杏鲍菇片置于腌制料中,混合均匀,先于24℃腌制40h,使腌制料与杏鲍菇片均匀接触,再调节温度至2℃腌制15d,使腌制料中的风味成分缓慢渗入,使香鲍菇片酸辣爽口,香味浓郁,得腌制杏鲍菇片;所述的腌制料,由以下重量份的原料组成:牛筒骨81、香葱15、生姜12、香辛料7、食盐2、鸡精3、水350;所述腌制料的制备方法,将所有原料混合后,于121℃蒸制30min,将蒸制料倒入锅中,加热浓缩至体积为原来的1/3,香味浓郁,营养丰富,过滤除渣,得腌制料;所述的香辛料,由以下重量份的原料组成:辣椒24、花椒20、八角14、桂皮12、肉蔻7、茴香7、草果6、香菜籽5;
(4)二次发酵:向腌制杏鲍菇片中接入酿酒酵母,接入后浓度为2%,翻拌均匀,于26℃发酵3d,破坏杏鲍菇的纤维结构,进一步促进腌制风味渗入,使香味浓郁,口感爽滑,得二次发酵杏鲍菇片;
(5)脱水干燥:将二次发酵杏鲍菇片置于-46℃,冷冻干燥至含水量为1~3%,使杏鲍菇快速失水,增加酥脆口感,易于消化吸收,真空包装,得发酵杏鲍菇片。
所述发酵杏鲍菇片的制备方法制备得到的发酵杏鲍菇片。
实施例2
一种发酵杏鲍菇片的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)预处理:将杏鲍菇洗净,去头去尾,切成薄片,厚度为0.3~0.4cm,置于沸水中漂烫80~100s,对杏鲍菇进行熟制,去除异味,清水降温,沥水,得熟制杏鲍菇片;
(2)一次发酵:将熟制杏鲍菇片置于容器中,加入白砂糖溶液,翻拌均匀,再接入乳酸菌,混合均匀,于22℃发酵2.5天,增加小分子的营养和香味成分,酸甜适口,风味自然,得一次发酵杏鲍菇片;所述的白砂糖溶液,为白砂糖的饱和溶液,添加量为一次干燥西瓜皮重量的24%;所述的乳酸菌,接入后浓度为2.5%,由以下重量份的菌株组成:干酪乳杆菌18、双歧杆菌14、保加利亚乳杆菌8、德氏乳杆菌5,菌株经二次活化后,将沉淀按重量份进行混合;
(3)腌制:将一次发酵杏鲍菇片置于腌制料中,混合均匀,先于25℃腌制44h,使腌制料与杏鲍菇片均匀接触,再调节温度至3℃腌制16d,使腌制料中的风味成分缓慢渗入,使香鲍菇片酸辣爽口,香味浓郁,得腌制杏鲍菇片;所述的腌制料,由以下重量份的原料组成:牛筒骨82、香葱16、生姜13、香辛料8、食盐2.5、鸡精3.5、水380;所述腌制料的制备方法,将所有原料混合后,于121℃蒸制35min,将蒸制料倒入锅中,加热浓缩至体积为原来的1/3,香味浓郁,营养丰富,过滤除渣,得腌制料;所述的香辛料,由以下重量份的原料组成:辣椒25、花椒21、八角15、桂皮13、肉蔻8、茴香8、草果7、香菜籽6;
(4)二次发酵:向腌制杏鲍菇片中接入酿酒酵母,接入后浓度为2.5%,翻拌均匀,于27℃发酵3d,破坏杏鲍菇的纤维结构,进一步促进腌制风味渗入,使香味浓郁,口感爽滑,得二次发酵杏鲍菇片;
(5)脱水干燥:将二次发酵杏鲍菇片置于-45℃,冷冻干燥至含水量为1~3%,使杏鲍菇快速失水,增加酥脆口感,易于消化吸收,真空包装,得发酵杏鲍菇片。
所述发酵杏鲍菇片的制备方法制备得到的发酵杏鲍菇片。
实施例3
一种发酵杏鲍菇片的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)预处理:将杏鲍菇洗净,去头去尾,切成薄片,厚度为0.3~0.4cm,置于沸水中漂烫80~100s,对杏鲍菇进行熟制,去除异味,清水降温,沥水,得熟制杏鲍菇片;
(2)一次发酵:将熟制杏鲍菇片置于容器中,加入白砂糖溶液,翻拌均匀,再接入乳酸菌,混合均匀,于23℃发酵3天,增加小分子的营养和香味成分,酸甜适口,风味自然,得一次发酵杏鲍菇片;所述的白砂糖溶液,为白砂糖的饱和溶液,添加量为一次干燥西瓜皮重量的25%;所述的乳酸菌,接入后浓度为3%,由以下重量份的菌株组成:干酪乳杆菌19、双歧杆菌15、保加利亚乳杆菌9、德氏乳杆菌6,菌株经二次活化后,将沉淀按重量份进行混合;
(3)腌制:将一次发酵杏鲍菇片置于腌制料中,混合均匀,先于26℃腌制48h,使腌制料与杏鲍菇片均匀接触,再调节温度至4℃腌制17d,使腌制料中的风味成分缓慢渗入,使香鲍菇片酸辣爽口,香味浓郁,得腌制杏鲍菇片;所述的腌制料,由以下重量份的原料组成:牛筒骨83、香葱17、生姜14、香辛料9、食盐3、鸡精4、水400;所述腌制料的制备方法,将所有原料混合后,于121℃蒸制40min,将蒸制料倒入锅中,加热浓缩至体积为原来的1/3,香味浓郁,营养丰富,过滤除渣,得腌制料;所述的香辛料,由以下重量份的原料组成:辣椒26、花椒22、八角16、桂皮14、肉蔻9、茴香9、草果8、香菜籽7;
(4)二次发酵:向腌制杏鲍菇片中接入酿酒酵母,接入后浓度为3%,翻拌均匀,于28℃发酵4d,破坏杏鲍菇的纤维结构,进一步促进腌制风味渗入,使香味浓郁,口感爽滑,得二次发酵杏鲍菇片;
(5)脱水干燥:将二次发酵杏鲍菇片置于-44℃,冷冻干燥至含水量为1~3%,使杏鲍菇快速失水,增加酥脆口感,易于消化吸收,真空包装,得发酵杏鲍菇片。
所述发酵杏鲍菇片的制备方法制备得到的发酵杏鲍菇片。
对比例1
去除步骤(1)中的漂烫,其余方法,同实施例1。
对比例2
去除步骤(2)中的一次发酵,其余方法,同实施例1。
对比例3
步骤(3)中一直于24℃腌制16d,,其余方法,同实施例1。
对比例4
去除步骤(4)中的二次发酵,其余方法,同实施例1。
对比例5
步骤(5)中的冷冻干燥改为烘干,其余方法,同实施例1。
实施例和对比例发酵杏鲍菇片的滋味:
分别选择各组的发酵杏鲍菇片蛋白质含量的检测,并请20为专业人员对各组的发酵杏鲍菇片进行感官评定,并对结果进行记录,实施例和对比例发酵杏鲍菇片的滋味见表1。
表1:实施例和对比例发酵杏鲍菇片的滋味
从表1的结果表明,实施例的发酵杏鲍菇片,蛋白质含量较新鲜香鲍菇高,香味浓郁,口感酥脆,酸辣爽口,说明本发明提供的发酵杏鲍菇片具有较好的风味。
Claims (6)
1.一种发酵杏鲍菇片的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)预处理:将杏鲍菇洗净,去头去尾,切成薄片,厚度为0.3~0.4cm,置于沸水中漂烫80~100s,清水降温,沥水,得熟制杏鲍菇片;
(2)一次发酵:将熟制杏鲍菇片置于容器中,加入白砂糖溶液,翻拌均匀,再接入乳酸菌,混合均匀,于21~23℃发酵2~3天,得一次发酵杏鲍菇片;
(3)腌制:将一次发酵杏鲍菇片置于腌制料中,混合均匀,先于24~26℃腌制40~48h,再调节温度至2~4℃腌制15~17d,得腌制杏鲍菇片;
(4)二次发酵:向腌制杏鲍菇片中接入酿酒酵母,接入后浓度为2~3%,翻拌均匀,于26~28℃发酵3~4d,得二次发酵杏鲍菇片;
(5)脱水干燥:将二次发酵杏鲍菇片置于-46~-44℃,冷冻干燥至含水量为1~3%,真空包装,得发酵杏鲍菇片。
2.根据权利要求1所述发酵杏鲍菇片的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)的白砂糖溶液,为白砂糖的饱和溶液,添加量为一次干燥西瓜皮重量的23~25%。
3.根据权利要求1所述发酵杏鲍菇片的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)的乳酸菌,接入后浓度为2~3%,由以下重量份的菌株组成:干酪乳杆菌17~19、双歧杆菌13~15、保加利亚乳杆菌7~9、德氏乳杆菌4~6,菌株经二次活化后,将沉淀按重量份进行混合。
4.根据权利要求1所述发酵杏鲍菇片的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(3)的腌制料,由以下重量份的原料组成:牛筒骨81~83、香葱15~17、生姜12~14、香辛料7~9、食盐2~3、鸡精3~4、水350~400;所述腌制料的制备方法,将所有原料混合后,于121℃蒸制30~40min,将蒸制料倒入锅中,加热浓缩至体积为原来的1/3,香味浓郁,营养丰富,过滤除渣,得腌制料。
5.根据权利要求4所述发酵杏鲍菇片的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的香辛料,由以下重量份的原料组成:辣椒24~26、花椒20~22、八角14~16、桂皮12~14、肉蔻7~9、茴香7~9、草果6~8、香菜籽5~7。
6.一种权利要求1~5任一项所述发酵杏鲍菇片的制备方法制备得到的发酵杏鲍菇片。
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CN110279096A (zh) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-09-27 | 渤海大学 | 一种风味增强的发酵酸辣蛤蜊酱的制备方法 |
EP3782478A1 (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2021-02-24 | BrainBoost Solutions | Food, food precursors or beverages comprising d-lactic acid and/or a salt thereof and a method of producing the same |
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CN110279096A (zh) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-09-27 | 渤海大学 | 一种风味增强的发酵酸辣蛤蜊酱的制备方法 |
EP3782478A1 (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2021-02-24 | BrainBoost Solutions | Food, food precursors or beverages comprising d-lactic acid and/or a salt thereof and a method of producing the same |
WO2021032896A1 (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2021-02-25 | Brainboost Solutions | Food, food precursors or beverages comprising d-lactic acid and/or a salt thereof and a method of producing the same |
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