CN109220479A - A kind of method of artificial cultivation under woods paris polyphylla - Google Patents
A kind of method of artificial cultivation under woods paris polyphylla Download PDFInfo
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- CN109220479A CN109220479A CN201811300814.1A CN201811300814A CN109220479A CN 109220479 A CN109220479 A CN 109220479A CN 201811300814 A CN201811300814 A CN 201811300814A CN 109220479 A CN109220479 A CN 109220479A
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- paris polyphylla
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
Abstract
A kind of method that the present invention discloses artificial cultivation under woods paris polyphylla, is related to paris polyphylla technical field of cultivation.The method of the artificial cultivation under woods paris polyphylla includes: the tending management of the tree species for selecting artificial forest afforestation, selection planting site and site preparation, the plantation of shading artificial forest and paris polyphylla and shading artificial forest and paris polyphylla；The shading artificial forest planted according to the suitable tree species that the habit of height above sea level and tree species selects artificial forest to afforest as paris polyphylla, paris polyphylla incidence of insect disease can be reduced, rhizome yield and quality are improved, while reducing cultivation and management cost, paris polyphylla cultivation is suitble to promote and apply.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to paris polyphylla technical field of cultivation, a kind of method for being specifically related to artificial cultivation under woods paris polyphylla.
Background technique
Paris polyphylla, alias Typhonium giganteum are herbaceos perennials.Rhizomes is sturdy, hairless, and often band aubergine, base portion have
1-3 piece film quality leaf sheath embraces stem.There is the effect of clearing heat and detoxicating, swelling and pain relieving, cool liver arresting convulsion, is stung for carbuncle swells, abscess of throat, poisonous snake
The diseases such as wound, injuries from falls as well, convulsion.Paris polyphylla has the habit of " hygrophilous to avoid dry, Yi Yin fear solarization ".It grows and sends out for paris polyphylla
The lighting requirements characteristic for educating " Yi Yin fear is shone ", carries out artificial cultivation by simulating the hayashishita illumination condition of its field grown at present,
Cultivation step mainly includes pseudo-wild cultivating under sunshade net facility cultivation and wildwood.
The advantages of sunshade net Artificial facilities are cultivated is that the concealment condition of paris polyphylla growth can be created, the disadvantage is that sunshade net is saturating
Light rate is held essentially constant, and is not able to satisfy paris polyphylla growth and development different phase to the dynamic need of light intensity, it is also difficult to which simulation is wild
The microclimate environment of raw paris polyphylla growth and development；It is that partial simulation hayashishita is shady under wildwood the advantages of pseudo-wild cultivating
The microclimate environment of ventilation is covered, the disadvantage is that structure is complicated is changeable for natural forest community, that there are height is different for microclimate environment
Matter, if especially light intensity caused by wildwood crown canopy light transmittance height heterogeneity is crossed or the paris polyphylla Population Growth of too strong initiation
Developmental rhythm disorder problem, causes to imitate that wild intensive culture enforcement difficulty is big, technology is complicated under paris polyphylla wildwood, it is also difficult to tie
Close paris polyphylla Growth rhythm change light intensity dynamic regulation.
Paris polyphylla is dynamic change in the demand of all ages and classes and growth and development stage to light intensity, generally can be with plantation
Age extends and is stepped up.Paris polyphylla artificial cultivation, which only simulates comparatively ideal illumination condition, could obtain higher biomass
Production, accumulation and rhizome yield.Sunshade net facility artificial cultivation is difficult to carry out light intensity dynamic regulation in entire planting season, and day
Although right hayashishita, which imitates wild artificial cultivation, can increase artificial afforestration increase in crown canopy light transmittance and woods window by sparselying fell trees
The technical measures of canopy density obtain comparatively ideal illumination condition, but national wildwood commercial clear cutting stops comprehensively at present
Only, can not implement increase crown canopy light transmittance sparselys fell operation, and the simple cultivation effect by artificial afforestration in woods window is extremely limited,
Also it is not easy to intensive manage and protect.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of method of artificial cultivation under woods paris polyphylla,
Paris polyphylla incidence of insect disease can be reduced, improves rhizome yield and quality, while reducing cultivation and management cost, is suitble to paris polyphylla
Cultivation promotes and applies.
To realize above-mentioned technical purpose and the technique effect, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of method of artificial cultivation under woods paris polyphylla, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: the tree species of selection artificial forest afforestation
The suitable tree species of artificial forest afforestation are selected according to the habit of height above sea level and tree species；
Step 2: selection planting site and site preparation
Virgin forest is selected to account for 70% or more theropencedrymion for broad-leaf forest or deciduous species, soil is black fallow or concedes the land
Also forest land, soil are that the soil is porous, rich humus-containing loam, sandy loam, the area soil thickness > 30cm as planting site,
Site preparation is carried out before plantation；
Step 3: the plantation of shading artificial forest and paris polyphylla
The sapling for building shading artificial forest pure forest and mixed forest is planted in the center of turtleback kind planting-line, after transplanted plantlet
Side retains width about 40cm pavement；
Paris polyphylla plantation in furrow face, row to the row of tree to vertical, seeding row spacing 18-22 × 25cm；
The artificial forest tree species afforestation season is evergreen species initial stage in rainy season to mid-term 20-30 days before deciduous species rudiment；
Step 4: the tending management of shading artificial forest and paris polyphylla
After artificial forest is built, loosened the soil in time, weeding and tending management.
Further, the tree species of the step 1 selection artificial forest afforestation, being included in height above sea level is high sea in 2300-2800m
It rises sheer from level ground area, shading artificial forest is built using winter hardy tree species underbrown japanese cherry, taxusyunnanensis；
It is 1700-2300m Zhonghai36-1 asphalt in height above sea level, shading artificial forest is built using drought-enduring tree species Winter Cherry, Yunnan camphor tree；
Shading artificial forest is built using Birch, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree in the low altitude area in height above sea level < 1700m.
Further, the step 2 selection planting site and site preparation, including prometaphase dry season, by level land, depression and slope
The steep hillslope of > 25 ° of degree carries out mima type microrelief site preparation, is replaced by topsoil stripping, table soil moved in improve the original mixing covering or soil moved in improve the original, is tentatively transform as
5-15 ° of the gradient of contour band-like gentle slope, accomplish that the soil texture is almost the same, soil thickness 30-40cm；
The hillside fields of early period in later period dry season to rainy season, the gradient<10 ° are arranged along slope, and the hillside fields of the gradient>10 ° is along contour band-like whole
Reason, the wide about 2.6m's of turtleback kind planting-line, the wide gutter about 40cm and pavement are retained between furrow, depth about 20cm, pavement two sides are used
Stone or hollow brick are reinforced.
Further, the plantation of the step 3 shading artificial forest and paris polyphylla, including middle-high altitude area, underbrown japanese cherry are pure
Woods 1.0 × 3.0m of seeding row spacing, taxusyunnanensis+underbrown japanese cherry mixed forest plant 1 plant of taxusyunnanensis at interval of 2 plants of underbrown japanese cherries；
Zhonghai36-1 asphalt, Winter Cherry pure forest 1.5 × 3.0m of seeding row spacing, Yunnan camphor tree+Winter Cherry mixed forest is at interval of 2 plants of winter cherries
The seeds of flowering plants plants 1 plant of Yunnan camphor tree；
Middle low altitude area, pure Betula alnoides forest 2.0 × 3.0m of seeding row spacing, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree+1 plant of Birch mixed forest interval southwest
Birch plants 1 plant of fruit of a cubeb litsea tree.
Further, the tending management of the shading artificial forest and paris polyphylla, including deciduous species are growing to plant height
It pinches when 2.5-3.0m fixed dry, controls trees plant height < 4.0m, clear bole height 1.8-2.0m, branch is evenly distributed；The branch of evergreen species
Lower high 2.0-2.5m, branch are substantially well-balanced；
All ages and classes paris polyphylla needs different illumination condition: Seedling Stage light transmittance 10-15%, about 30% plant blossom knot
Real phase light transmittance 15-30%, 60% or more plant blossom productive phase light transmittance 30-50%.
Further, it requires, must be hidden using sunshade net supplement as shading is not achieved in crown canopy after the paris polyphylla seedling replanting
Yin；After arboreal growth to closing, pruning trees branches and leaves regulate and control crown canopy light transmittance.
The invention has the benefit that the method for artificial cultivation under woods paris polyphylla of the invention, compared with facility cultivation, battalion
Facilities Construction and maintenance cost about 30-35% can be saved by building artificial forest；Compared with pseudo-wild cultivating under wildwood, the collection of artificial forest
Tending management and antitheft service charge about 25-40% can be saved by about managing；
Compared with facility cultivation, the crown canopy light transmittance and stable microclimate of controllable artificial forest can reduce Yunnan weight
Building plant disease incidence about 80-95%；Compared with pseudo-wild cultivating under wildwood, the crown canopy light transmittance for being easy to regulate and control can reduce Yunnan weight
Building plant disease incidence about 75-85%.
Compared with facility cultivation, arid, pest and disease damage can be effectively relieved in the stable community environment of artificial forest and microclimate
Deng stress to paris polyphylla growth and the influence of rhizome yield, regulatable crown canopy light transmittance is more advantageous to biomass accumulation and root
The distribution of Stem nematode amount, can be improved rhizome yield 30-45%；Compared with pseudo-wild cultivating under wildwood, the intensive artificial forest managed and protected
40-70% can be improved in lower paris polyphylla population rhizome yield.
Compared with facility cultivation, artificial cultivation under woods incidence of insect disease is low, and Pesticide use amount is few, and rhizome quality is close to
Or reach green food standard；Compared with pseudo-wild cultivating under wildwood, rhizome phenotypic character consistency is good, easily controllable just to add
The product quality of work and deep processing.
Certainly, it implements any of the products of the present invention and does not necessarily require achieving all the advantages described above at the same time.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, will be described below to embodiment required
Attached drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, for ability
For the those of ordinary skill of domain, without creative efforts, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other attached
Figure.
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram of artificial cultivation under woods paris polyphylla described in the embodiment of the present invention；
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts all other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A kind of method of artificial cultivation under woods paris polyphylla, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: the tree species of selection artificial forest afforestation
The suitable tree species of artificial forest afforestation are selected according to the habit of height above sea level and tree species；
Step 2: selection planting site and site preparation
Virgin forest is selected to account for 70% or more theropencedrymion for broad-leaf forest or deciduous species, soil is black fallow or concedes the land
Also forest land, soil are that the soil is porous, rich humus-containing loam, sandy loam, the area soil thickness > 30cm as planting site,
Site preparation is carried out before plantation；
Step 3: the plantation of shading artificial forest and paris polyphylla
The sapling for building shading artificial forest pure forest and mixed forest is planted in the center of turtleback kind planting-line, after transplanted plantlet
Side retains width about 40cm pavement；
Paris polyphylla plantation in furrow face, row to the row of tree to vertical, seeding row spacing 18-22 × 25cm；
The artificial forest tree species afforestation season is evergreen species initial stage in rainy season to mid-term 20-30 days before deciduous species rudiment；
Step 4: the tending management of shading artificial forest and paris polyphylla
After artificial forest is built, loosened the soil in time, weeding and tending management.
Further, the tree species of the step 1 selection artificial forest afforestation, being included in height above sea level is high sea in 2300-2800m
It rises sheer from level ground area, shading artificial forest is built using winter hardy tree species underbrown japanese cherry, taxusyunnanensis；
It is 1700-2300m Zhonghai36-1 asphalt in height above sea level, shading artificial forest is built using drought-enduring tree species Winter Cherry, Yunnan camphor tree；
Shading artificial forest is built using Birch, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree in the low altitude area in height above sea level < 1700m.
The selection planting site and site preparation, including prometaphase dry season, by the steep hillslope of level land, depression and the gradient > 25 ° into
Row mima type microrelief site preparation is replaced by topsoil stripping, table soil moved in improve the original mixing covering or soil moved in improve the original, tentatively transform 5-15 ° of the gradient contour as
Band-like gentle slope, accomplish that the soil texture is almost the same, soil thickness 30-40cm；
The hillside fields of early period in later period dry season to rainy season, the gradient<10 ° are arranged along slope, and the hillside fields of the gradient>10 ° is along contour band-like whole
Reason, the wide about 2.6m's of turtleback kind planting-line, the wide gutter about 40cm and pavement are retained between furrow, depth about 20cm, pavement two sides are used
Stone or hollow brick are reinforced.
The plantation of the shading artificial forest and paris polyphylla, including middle-high altitude area, underbrown japanese cherry pure forest seeding row spacing 1.0 ×
3.0m, taxusyunnanensis+underbrown japanese cherry mixed forest plant 1 plant of taxusyunnanensis at interval of 2 plants of underbrown japanese cherries；
Zhonghai36-1 asphalt, Winter Cherry pure forest 1.5 × 3.0m of seeding row spacing, Yunnan camphor tree+Winter Cherry mixed forest is at interval of 2 plants of winter cherries
The seeds of flowering plants plants 1 plant of Yunnan camphor tree；
Middle low altitude area, pure Betula alnoides forest 2.0 × 3.0m of seeding row spacing, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree+1 plant of Birch mixed forest interval southwest
Birch plants 1 plant of fruit of a cubeb litsea tree.
The tending management of the shading artificial forest and paris polyphylla, including deciduous species are beaten when growing to plant height 2.5-3.0m
Top is fixed dry, controls trees plant height < 4.0m, clear bole height 1.8-2.0m, and branch is evenly distributed；The clear bole height 2.0- of evergreen species
2.5m, branch are substantially well-balanced；
All ages and classes paris polyphylla needs different illumination condition: Seedling Stage light transmittance 10-15%, about 30% plant blossom knot
Real phase light transmittance 15-30%, 60% or more plant blossom productive phase light transmittance 30-50%.
It is required after the paris polyphylla seedling replanting as shading is not achieved in crown canopy, it must be using sunshade net supplement shading；Trees are raw
After length to closing, pruning trees branches and leaves regulate and control crown canopy light transmittance.
The present invention is specifically described below with reference to embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of artificial cultivation under woods paris polyphylla, comprising the following steps:
It is 2300-2800m middle-high altitude area in height above sea level, shading is built using winter hardy tree species underbrown japanese cherry, taxusyunnanensis
Artificial forest；
In view of paris polyphylla " hygrophilous avoid dry ", the virgin forest for planting plot is soil moisture and the preferable broad-leaf forest of air humidity
Or deciduous species account for 70% or more theropencedrymion, soil can for black fallow or conceding the land to forestry (grass), and soil is dredged for soil property
Pine, rich humus-containing loam, sandy loam, soil thickness > 30cm；
Paris polyphylla underground rhizome is afraid of flood, avoids soil ponding, also avoids the steep hillslope of severe water and soil erosion.It prometaphase dry season, will
The steep hillslope on level land, depression and the gradient > 25 ° carries out mima type microrelief site preparation, passes through topsoil stripping, table soil moved in improve the original mixing covering or soil moved in improve the original
The measures such as displacement accomplish that the soil texture is almost the same, soil thickness with tentatively transforming 5-15 ° of the gradient of contour band-like gentle slope as
30-40cm.The hillside fields of early period in later period dry season to rainy season, the gradient<10 ° are arranged along slope, and the hillside fields of the gradient>10 ° is along contour band-like whole
Reason, the wide about 2.6m's of turtleback kind planting-line, the wide gutter about 40cm and pavement are retained between furrow, depth about 20cm, pavement two sides are used
Stone or hollow brick are reinforced.
The sapling for building shading artificial forest pure forest and mixed forest is planted in the center of turtleback kind planting-line, after transplanted plantlet
Side retains width about 40cm pavement, is convenient for trees and paris polyphylla tending management.
20-30 days before deciduous species rudiment, evergreen species initial stage in rainy season to mid-term is artificial forest tree species afforestation season, mountain
Oriental cherry pure forest 1.0 × 3.0m of seeding row spacing, taxusyunnanensis+underbrown japanese cherry mixed forest plant 1 plant of Yunnan red bean at interval of 2 plants of underbrown japanese cherries
China fir；
In paris polyphylla rhizome dormant period, i.e., gets over to transplant paris polyphylla before hibernaculum sprouts to rhizome after aerial part sprout tumble and plant
In in furrow face, row to the row of tree to vertical, seeding row spacing 18-22 × 25cm.
Shading artificial forest and paris polyphylla are fostered, and after artificial forest is built, are loosened the soil in time, the tending managements such as weeding；It falls
Ye Shu kind is pinched when growing to plant height 2.5-3.0m and is done calmly, and trees plant height < 4.0m, clear bole height 1.8-2.0m, branch point are controlled
Cloth is uniform；The clear bole height 2.0-2.5m of evergreen species, branch are substantially well-balanced；
All ages and classes paris polyphylla needs different illumination condition: Seedling Stage (1 year) light transmittance 10-15%, about 30% plant
Blossom and bear fruit the phase (2-3) light transmittance 15-30%, 60% or more plant blossom productive phase (3 years or more) light transmittance 30-50%；
It is required after paris polyphylla seedling replanting as shading is not achieved in crown canopy, it must be using sunshade net supplement shading.Arboreal growth is extremely
After closing, pruning trees branches and leaves regulate and control crown canopy light transmittance.
Underbrown japanese cherry is fast-growing deciduous species, and growth rhythm is almost the same with paris polyphylla, early and middle ten days underbrown japanese cherry rudiment in March, until
The paris polyphylla rudiment of lamina later period is unearthed, and preferable shading can be played the role of；When underbrown japanese cherry at the beginning of 11 months is fallen leaves, paris polyphylla aerial part
Death, underground rhizome and more hibernaculum enters dormant period are conducive to Lin Nei and soil solarization, reduce pest and disease damage and occur and cause harm.Mountain cherry
Flower germination is strong, and blade is small, and branch is elongated, convenient for passing through Pruning and rectifying technical controlling tree body height and dynamic regulation crown canopy light transmission
Rate obtains ideal illumination condition, the growth conditions of creation paris polyphylla plantation high yield.Taxusyunnanensis gives birth to tall and big Qiao to be evergreen slowly
Wood builds mixed forest with underbrown japanese cherry, constructs the more stable cladding Plantation Community ecosystem, formed stingy in more stable woods
It waits, creates the growth conditions of paris polyphylla artificial cultivation stable yields.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method of artificial cultivation under woods paris polyphylla, comprising the following steps:
It is 1700-2300m Zhonghai36-1 asphalt in height above sea level, shading artificial forest is built using drought-enduring tree species Winter Cherry, Yunnan camphor tree；
In view of paris polyphylla " hygrophilous avoid dry ", the virgin forest for planting plot is soil moisture and the preferable broad-leaf forest of air humidity
Or deciduous species account for 70% or more theropencedrymion, soil can for black fallow or conceding the land to forestry (grass), and soil is dredged for soil property
Pine, rich humus-containing loam, sandy loam, soil thickness > 30cm；
Paris polyphylla underground rhizome is afraid of flood, avoids soil ponding, also avoids the steep hillslope of severe water and soil erosion.It prometaphase dry season, will
The steep hillslope on level land, depression and the gradient > 25 ° carries out mima type microrelief site preparation, passes through topsoil stripping, table soil moved in improve the original mixing covering or soil moved in improve the original
The measures such as displacement accomplish that the soil texture is almost the same, soil thickness with tentatively transforming 5-15 ° of the gradient of contour band-like gentle slope as
30-40cm.The hillside fields of early period in later period dry season to rainy season, the gradient<10 ° are arranged along slope, and the hillside fields of the gradient>10 ° is along contour band-like whole
Reason, the wide about 2.6m's of turtleback kind planting-line, the wide gutter about 40cm and pavement are retained between furrow, depth about 20cm, pavement two sides are used
Stone or hollow brick are reinforced.
The sapling for building shading artificial forest pure forest and mixed forest is planted in the center of turtleback kind planting-line, after transplanted plantlet
Side retains width about 40cm pavement, is convenient for trees and paris polyphylla tending management.
20-30 days before deciduous species rudiment, evergreen species initial stage in rainy season to mid-term is artificial forest tree species afforestation season, winter
Oriental cherry pure forest 1.5 × 3.0m of seeding row spacing, Yunnan camphor tree+Winter Cherry mixed forest plant 1 plant of Yunnan camphor tree at interval of 2 plants of Winter Cherries；
In paris polyphylla rhizome dormant period, i.e., gets over to transplant paris polyphylla before hibernaculum sprouts to rhizome after aerial part sprout tumble and plant
In in furrow face, row to the row of tree to vertical, seeding row spacing 18-22 × 25cm.
Shading artificial forest and paris polyphylla are fostered, and after artificial forest is built, are loosened the soil in time, the tending managements such as weeding；It falls
Ye Shu kind is pinched when growing to plant height 2.5-3.0m and is done calmly, and trees plant height < 4.0m, clear bole height 1.8-2.0m, branch point are controlled
Cloth is uniform；The clear bole height 2.0-2.5m of evergreen species, branch are substantially well-balanced；
All ages and classes paris polyphylla needs different illumination condition: Seedling Stage (1 year) light transmittance 10-15%, about 30% plant
Blossom and bear fruit the phase (2-3) light transmittance 15-30%, 60% or more plant blossom productive phase (3 years or more) light transmittance 30-50%；
It is required after paris polyphylla seedling replanting as shading is not achieved in crown canopy, it must be using sunshade net supplement shading.Arboreal growth is extremely
After closing, pruning trees branches and leaves regulate and control crown canopy light transmittance.
Yunnan camphor tree+two tree species of Winter Cherry are the quick growing species of trees, and Yunnan camphor tree body is tall and big, and Winter Cherry tree body is moderate, both can be with
Winter Cherry pure forest is built, Yunnan camphor tree+Winter Cherry stratified mixed stand can also be built.During Winter Cherry general late November to December is upper
It blooms in ten days lamina, can preferably prevent soil water evaporation in semiarid Center Yunnan Plateau early stage shading, be conducive to paris polyphylla rhizome and pacify
A complete rest is slept overwintering.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method of artificial cultivation under woods paris polyphylla, comprising the following steps:
Shading artificial forest is built using Birch, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree in the low altitude area in height above sea level < 1700m；
In view of paris polyphylla " hygrophilous avoid dry ", the virgin forest for planting plot is soil moisture and the preferable broad-leaf forest of air humidity
Or deciduous species account for 70% or more theropencedrymion, soil can for black fallow or conceding the land to forestry (grass), and soil is dredged for soil property
Pine, rich humus-containing loam, sandy loam, soil thickness > 30cm；
Paris polyphylla underground rhizome is afraid of flood, avoids soil ponding, also avoids the steep hillslope of severe water and soil erosion.It prometaphase dry season, will
The steep hillslope on level land, depression and the gradient > 25 ° carries out mima type microrelief site preparation, passes through topsoil stripping, table soil moved in improve the original mixing covering or soil moved in improve the original
The measures such as displacement accomplish that the soil texture is almost the same, soil thickness with tentatively transforming 5-15 ° of the gradient of contour band-like gentle slope as
30-40cm.The hillside fields of early period in later period dry season to rainy season, the gradient<10 ° are arranged along slope, and the hillside fields of the gradient>10 ° is along contour band-like whole
Reason, the wide about 2.6m's of turtleback kind planting-line, the wide gutter about 40cm and pavement are retained between furrow, depth about 20cm, pavement two sides are used
Stone or hollow brick are reinforced.
The sapling for building shading artificial forest pure forest and mixed forest is planted in the center of turtleback kind planting-line, after transplanted plantlet
Side retains width about 40cm pavement, is convenient for trees and paris polyphylla tending management.
20-30 days before deciduous species rudiment, evergreen species initial stage in rainy season to mid-term is artificial forest tree species afforestation season, west
Southern birch pure forest 2.0 × 3.0m of seeding row spacing, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree+1 plant of Birch mixed forest interval Birch plant 1 plant of fruit of a cubeb litsea tree；
In paris polyphylla rhizome dormant period, i.e., gets over to transplant paris polyphylla before hibernaculum sprouts to rhizome after aerial part sprout tumble and plant
In in furrow face, row to the row of tree to vertical, seeding row spacing 18-22 × 25cm.
Shading artificial forest and paris polyphylla are fostered, and after artificial forest is built, are loosened the soil in time, the tending managements such as weeding；It falls
Ye Shu kind is pinched when growing to plant height 2.5-3.0m and is done calmly, and trees plant height < 4.0m, clear bole height 1.8-2.0m, branch point are controlled
Cloth is uniform；The clear bole height 2.0-2.5m of evergreen species, branch are substantially well-balanced；
All ages and classes paris polyphylla needs different illumination condition: Seedling Stage (1 year) light transmittance 10-15%, about 30% plant
Blossom and bear fruit the phase (2-3) light transmittance 15-30%, 60% or more plant blossom productive phase (3 years or more) light transmittance 30-50%；
It is required after paris polyphylla seedling replanting as shading is not achieved in crown canopy, it must be using sunshade net supplement shading.Arboreal growth is extremely
After closing, pruning trees branches and leaves regulate and control crown canopy light transmittance.
Birch, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree build shading artificial forest, and two tree species are fast-growing deciduous species, and Birch tree body is tall and big, mountain
Grey subtree body is moderate, and the pure forest and mixed forest of cladding are easily formed environment and microclimate in stable group.
The method of artificial cultivation under woods paris polyphylla of the invention, compared with facility cultivation, construction artificial forest can save facility
Construction and maintenance cost about 30-35%；Compared with pseudo-wild cultivating under wildwood, the intensive farming of artificial forest, which can save, fosters pipe
Reason and antitheft service charge about 25-40%.
Compared with facility cultivation, the crown canopy light transmittance and stable microclimate of controllable artificial forest can reduce Yunnan weight
Building plant disease incidence about 80-95%；Compared with pseudo-wild cultivating under wildwood, the crown canopy light transmittance for being easy to regulate and control can reduce Yunnan weight
Building plant disease incidence about 75-85%.
Compared with facility cultivation, arid, pest and disease damage can be effectively relieved in the stable community environment of artificial forest and microclimate
Deng stress to paris polyphylla growth and the influence of rhizome yield, regulatable crown canopy light transmittance is more advantageous to biomass accumulation and root
The distribution of Stem nematode amount, can be improved rhizome yield 30-45%；Compared with pseudo-wild cultivating under wildwood, the intensive artificial forest managed and protected
40-70% can be improved in lower paris polyphylla population rhizome yield.
Compared with facility cultivation, artificial cultivation under woods incidence of insect disease is low, and Pesticide use amount is few, and rhizome quality is close to
Or reach green food standard；Compared with pseudo-wild cultivating under wildwood, rhizome phenotypic character consistency is good, easily controllable just to add
The product quality of work and deep processing.
In the description of this specification, the description of reference term " one embodiment ", " example ", " specific example " etc. means
Particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with this embodiment or example are contained at least one implementation of the invention
In example or example.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms may not refer to the same embodiment or example.
Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be in any one or more of the embodiments or examples to close
Suitable mode combines.
Present invention disclosed above preferred embodiment is only intended to help to illustrate the present invention.There is no detailed for preferred embodiment
All details are described, are not limited the invention to the specific embodiments described.Obviously, according to the content of this specification,
It can make many modifications and variations.These embodiments are chosen and specifically described to this specification, is in order to better explain the present invention
Principle and practical application, so that skilled artisan be enable to better understand and utilize the present invention.The present invention is only
It is limited by claims and its full scope and equivalent.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method of artificial cultivation under woods paris polyphylla, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
Step 1: the tree species of selection artificial forest afforestation
The suitable tree species of artificial forest afforestation are selected according to the habit of height above sea level and tree species；
Step 2: selection planting site and site preparation
Virgin forest is selected to account for 70% or more theropencedrymion for broad-leaf forest or deciduous species, soil is black fallow or conceding the land to forestry
Ground, soil are that the soil is porous, rich humus-containing loam, sandy loam, and the area soil thickness > 30cm is as planting site, plantation
Preceding carry out site preparation；
Step 3: the plantation of shading artificial forest and paris polyphylla
The sapling for building shade artificial forest pure forest and mixed forest is planted in the center of turtleback kind planting-line, side after transplanted plantlet
Retain width about 40cm pavement；
Paris polyphylla plantation in furrow face, row to the row of tree to vertical, seeding row spacing 18-22 × 25cm；
The artificial forest tree species afforestation season is evergreen species initial stage in rainy season to mid-term 20-30 days before deciduous species rudiment；
Step 4: the tending management of shading artificial forest and paris polyphylla
After artificial forest is built, loosened the soil in time, weeding and tending management.
2. a kind of method of artificial cultivation under woods paris polyphylla as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step 1 selection
The tree species of artificial forest afforestation, being included in height above sea level is 2300-2800m middle-high altitude area, using winter hardy tree species underbrown japanese cherry, Yunnan Red
Beans China fir builds shading artificial forest；
It is 1700-2300m Zhonghai36-1 asphalt in height above sea level, shading artificial forest is built using drought-enduring tree species Winter Cherry, Yunnan camphor tree；
Shading artificial forest is built using Birch, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree in the low altitude area in height above sea level < 1700m.
3. a kind of method of artificial cultivation under woods paris polyphylla as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step 2 selection
The steep hillslope of level land, depression and the gradient > 25 ° is carried out mima type microrelief site preparation, led to by planting site and site preparation, including prometaphase dry season
Topsoil stripping, table soil moved in improve the original mixing covering or soil moved in improve the original displacement are crossed, with tentatively transforming 5-15 ° of the gradient of contour band-like gentle slope as, is accomplished
The soil texture is almost the same, soil thickness 30-40cm；
The hillside fields of early period in later period dry season to rainy season, the gradient<10 ° are arranged along slope, and the hillside fields of the gradient>10 ° is along contour band-like arrangement, tortoise
Carry on the back shape kind planting-line wide about 2.6m, retain the wide gutter about 40cm and pavement between furrow, depth about 20cm, pavement two sides stone or
Hollow brick is reinforced.
4. a kind of method of artificial cultivation under woods paris polyphylla as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step 3 shading
The plantation of artificial forest and paris polyphylla, including middle-high altitude area, underbrown japanese cherry pure forest 1.0 × 3.0m of seeding row spacing, taxusyunnanensis+mountain
Oriental cherry mixed forest plants 1 plant of taxusyunnanensis at interval of 2 plants of underbrown japanese cherries；
Zhonghai36-1 asphalt, Winter Cherry pure forest 1.5 × 3.0m of seeding row spacing, Yunnan camphor tree+Winter Cherry mixed forest is at interval of 2 plants of Winter Cherry kinds
Plant 1 plant of Yunnan camphor tree；
Middle low altitude area, pure Betula alnoides forest 2.0 × 3.0m of seeding row spacing, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree+1 plant of Birch mixed forest interval Birch kind
Plant 1 plant of fruit of a cubeb litsea tree.
5. a kind of method of artificial cultivation under woods paris polyphylla as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the shading artificial forest
And the tending management of paris polyphylla, including deciduous species pinch when growing to plant height 2.5-3.0m it is fixed dry, control trees plant height <
4.0m, clear bole height 1.8-2.0m, branch are evenly distributed；The clear bole height 2.0-2.5m of evergreen species, branch are substantially well-balanced；
All ages and classes paris polyphylla needs different illumination condition: Seedling Stage light transmittance 10-15%, about 30% plant blossom productive phase
Light transmittance 15-30%, 60% or more plant blossom productive phase light transmittance 30-50%.
6. a kind of method of artificial cultivation under woods paris polyphylla as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the paris polyphylla seedling
It is required after transplanting as shading is not achieved in crown canopy, it must be using sunshade net supplement shading；After arboreal growth to closing, pruning trees branches and leaves
Regulate and control crown canopy light transmittance.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109548611A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-04-02 | 德宏州林业科学技术推广站 | A kind of Birch hayashishita paris polyphylla high-yield planting method |
| CN109964769A (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2019-07-05 | 中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所 | A method of promote paris polyphylla to get over hibernaculum sprouting |
| CN111448951A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-07-28 | 浙江省林业科学研究院 | Near-wild cultivation method for paris polyphylla under camellia oleifera forest |
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| CN109548611A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-04-02 | 德宏州林业科学技术推广站 | A kind of Birch hayashishita paris polyphylla high-yield planting method |
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| CN111448951A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-07-28 | 浙江省林业科学研究院 | Near-wild cultivation method for paris polyphylla under camellia oleifera forest |
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