CN107509576A - A kind of method that F. pendula Bean is cultivated using Central China cherry as stock high position grafting - Google Patents
A kind of method that F. pendula Bean is cultivated using Central China cherry as stock high position grafting Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of method that F. pendula Bean is cultivated using Central China cherry as stock high position grafting.This method belongs to rose family cherry platymiscium Central China cherry together as stock by using with F. pendula Bean, with stronger affinity, wound healing is fast, the advantages of scion growth is rapid, the step of scion is soaked by treatment fluid and optimizes high-order bull grafting and parameter, accelerate the reproduction speed of F. pendula Bean, spring height connects a scion can extract 20 30 branches out then, every branch to autumn and winter fall leaves when most long growth length can reach 1.5m, the bud of Second Year last year can sprout 20 30 branches again per bud, wound healing in 3rd year is intact, tree crown is full, high seedlings picking can go out garden and be used for engineering project.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to ornamental plant raising technology field, is transferred in particular to one kind by a stock high position of Central China cherry
Connect the method for cultivating F. pendula Bean.
Background technology
Oriental cherry is the general designation of rose family cherry category (Cerasus) several plant,《Chinese Plants will》In the title newly revised
' Tokyo oriental cherry ' is referred exclusively to, also known as ' someiyoshine ', ' river family oriental cherry '.Write according to Japanese scholars《The big mirror of cherry》Record, oriental cherry is most
Early original producton location is exactly China, is grown in the Himalaya, is just passed to Japan later.Early in Qin Han dynasty, oriental cherry is cultivated just
It is applied among palatial garden, away from modern existing more than 2000 years history.Oriental cherry also has the history of more than 1000 years in the cultivation of Japan,
Various in style, artificial hybridization and wild species have added up as many as hundreds of.Oriental cherry pattern delicate fragrance is gorgeous, than plum blossom and peach blossom all
Open in great numbers, one tree is almost a flower group, far sees a piece of, is very grand.Wherein, F. pendula Bean hangs down because branch is soft, floats
Ease, flower pattern pattern are beautiful, and enjoying the pro-gaze of gardener author in recent years, (Wang Hongmei, Li Yuan jasmine F. pendula Bean ornamental characters are preliminary
Study biotechnologys world .2015 (8)：16-17.).Ornamental value and application value of the F. pendula Bean in gardens are high, closely
In the market is in ascendant trend to the demand of seedling and engineering seedling over year.
At present, the propagation method of weeping branch cherry is mostly cuttage, low level grafting.Cutting propagation have it is cumbersome, survive
Rate is low, the later stage, the amount of labour was big to build the tall and big tall and sturdy trunk tree-like side shoot that need to constantly trim trunk bottom, and because of weeping branch cherry
Spray bar is elongated, treelet need to be carried out tying up bamboo pole so that tree body trunk not because side shoot grow too much it is askew influence it is tree-like.These management
Measure results in the cost of labor increase of cuttage seeding final-period management, and moreover, this method also has soil nutrient and photosynthetic work
It is lost too much on the side shoot of trunk bottom with nutrient, is unfavorable for the problem of trunk grows.In addition, low level grafting is usually one
The position of year raw stock together carries out grafting, on the one hand exist because stock with scion is not affine causes survival rate not high, or connect
Fringe early stage survives later death so that the bitter lesson of the production schedule is influenceed, such as Hunan, the band of Shandong one；So cultivation long lifespan,
Selection of the F. pendula Bean nursery stock of robust growth to graft stock kind seems particularly significant.The grafting of another aspect low level is also because transferring
Interface too near factor from the ground, wound infection and later stage be present needs constantly trimming trunk bottom side shoot, and treelet need to be carried out
Tie up bamboo pole so that tree body trunk not because side shoot is too many and disperse nutrient, tree body grows the problem of askew.
Found in a large amount of practices, the survival rate that F. pendula Bean carries out high position grafting is often relatively low, so as to cause gardening cost
Increase, and easily cause that gardening is not fully up to expectations in appearance, therefore it is high-order to be badly in need of a kind of higher F. pendula Bean of survival rate
Engrafting method, the beautification to garden landscape and benefit are had the function that positive.Chinese patent CN104996170A discloses one
The double-colored oriental cherry high position grafting method of kind, this method include：When grafting, rootstock seedling is subjected to cultivation processing so that stock
Seedling grows up to more than 1m, and in a diameter of 2cm of stalk of 1m eminences, cuts off top, and using the processing of consolidant smearing, then
Smeared using potassium permanganate, you can as stock；And choose red autumnal leaves oriental cherry branch and/or twig and/or leaf bud as scion a
And the branch of greenery oriental cherry and/or twig and/or leaf bud be as scion b, and tiltedly 1.5cm is opened at the downward 2cm in stock top
Deep mouth, and be that a mouth is respectively opened in the relative both sides of stock, then 2-3 drops consolidant and 5-6 drop nutrient solutions are instilled using dropper,
In the mouth that scion a is inserted on stock again, and scion b is inserted in relative another mouth on stock, and adopted again
Nutrient solution 2-3 drops are instilled with dropper, and use thinfilms 5-6 layers, prevent the growth of the pin seedling of stock and the top seedling of stock, and
According to Routine Management, you can complete double-colored oriental cherry high position grafting.However, the stock selected by the patented technology is to use wild cherry
Seed be sprinkled into cultivate in nursery after physics vernalization and form, vernalization complex steps.
The content of the invention
Survival rate relatively low technological difficulties during for F. pendula Bean high position grafting, the present inventor is by lot of experiments to stock
Selection, scion processing and engrafting method and parameter are studied and explored, be finally obtained a kind of high-survival rate, breeding it is quick,
The F. pendula Bean high position grafting method that affinity is strong, management is easy.
Specifically, technical scheme overview is as follows：It is a kind of to cultivate weeping branch cherry by stock high position grafting of Central China cherry
Colored method, comprises the following steps：
(1) selection of stock：Select diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 12-14cm, trunk branch point 2.8-3.2m perennial Central China cherry
(Cerasus conradinae) is used as stock, select stock upper angle into be uniformly distributed and rugosity 2-3cm branch conduct
The interface of cut-grafting, the high interface being grafted on bar are 10-20cm apart from trunk branch point；
(2) trimming of scion：A long inclined-plane is cut at bud under weeping branch cherry scion, the length on long inclined-plane is 1.5-2cm, in length
The offside on inclined-plane cuts a short inclined-plane, and the length on short inclined-plane is 0.5-1cm；Weeping branch cherry scion is cut into 2-4 bud, and length
For 7-8cm segment, it is subject to colligation in the winding of the top of scion with insulating tape stick and seals；By the weeping branch cherry scion after trimming
Beveled end, which is put into treatment fluid, soaks that 2-3h is standby, and described treatment fluid is the water drug-decocting concentrating liquid of the sterculia seed, and the sterculia seed selects Chinese parasol tree
The dry mature seed of the paulownia section xylophyta sterculia seed (Sterculia lychnophora Hance)；
(3) grafting operation：On the high grafting bar of Central China cherry at trunk branch point 10-20cm, by angle into uniform point
The 2-3 rootstocks branch of cloth carries out cutting back, the another stock branch for retaining 1-2 roots not cutting back, on the one side in stock branch cutting back face
Or two the edge of opposite side xylem cut a 1-2cm stramazon, by the long inclined-plane of scion that step (2) has been trimmed towards Central China cherry anvil
Wood insertion, and the forming layer on one side is alignd, banding fixed.
It is further preferred that the method for F. pendula Bean is cultivated using Central China cherry as stock high position grafting as described above, wherein walking
Suddenly the interface described in (1) on high grafting bar is 15-20cm apart from trunk branch point.
It is further preferred that the method for F. pendula Bean is cultivated using Central China cherry as stock high position grafting as described above, wherein walking
Suddenly when scion is trimmed in (2), a long inclined-plane is cut at bud 1cm under weeping branch cherry scion.
It is further preferred that the method for F. pendula Bean is cultivated using Central China cherry as stock high position grafting as described above, wherein walking
Suddenly the treatment fluid described in (2) is prepared as follows forming：The dry mature seed of the sterculia seed is weighed, adds slow fire after boiling boiling
2-3h is decocted, decocting liquid is collected, is concentrated into every milliliter for the treatment of fluid and is prepared equivalent to by 3-5g sterculia seed dry mature seeds.
It is further preferred that the method for F. pendula Bean is cultivated using Central China cherry as stock high position grafting as described above, wherein walking
Suddenly after (3) grafting operation is completed 7-10 days, scion bud starts to sprout, while when the bottom of stock, top bud also begin to sprout, will
The bud and branch that stock bottom is sprouted are erased.
It is further preferred that the method for F. pendula Bean is cultivated using Central China cherry as stock high position grafting as described above, wherein walking
Suddenly after (3) grafting operation completes the 2-3 months, top and the bottom stock branch is all erased.
Still further preferably, the method for cultivating F. pendula Bean using Central China cherry as stock high position grafting as described above, wherein
This method is typically chosen in grafting before early spring oriental cherry rudiment, also can be depending on the thing marquis of various regions.
Still further preferably, the method for cultivating F. pendula Bean using Central China cherry as stock high position grafting as described above, wherein
The kind of described scion is selected from the vertical cherry (Cerasus spachiana ' Pendula ') of branch, the vertical (Cerasus of red branch
Subhirtella ' Pendula Rosea '), the red branch of eightfold hang down (Cerasus spachiana ' Pleno-rosea '), the fine branch of rain
The vertical cherry (Cerasus subhirtella ' pendula ') in vertical (Cerasus spachiana ' Ujou-shidare '), river family, mountain
Cherry branch hangs down (celestial platform branch hangs down) (Cerasus serrulata ' Sendai-shidare '), the vertical (Cerasus ' Yoshino- of lucky wild branch
shidare’)。
Compared with prior art, F. pendula Bean engrafting method of the present invention has the following advantages that and progressive：
(1) present invention belongs to rose family cherry platymiscium Central China cherry together as stock by using with F. pendula Bean, has stronger
Affinity, the advantages of wound healing is fast, scion growth is rapid, scion is soaked by treatment fluid and optimizes high-order bull grafting
Step and parameter, the reproduction speed of F. pendula Bean being accelerated, spring height connects a scion can extract 20-30 root branches out then,
Every branch to autumn and winter fall leaves when most long growth length can reach 1.5m, the bud of Second Year last year can sprout 20-30 again per bud
Root branch, wound healing in the 3rd year is intact, and tree crown is full, and high seedlings picking can go out garden and be used for engineering project.
(2) in addition, by using the inventive method, F. pendula Bean graft survival rate operates letter up to more than 96%
Just, production efficiency is high, and late maintaining management is easy, and 3 years can cultivate into big specification F. pendula Bean engineering nursery stock, Er Qieshu
Full, crown grace is preced with, as early as possible can be introduced F. pendula Bean to the market, new germ plasm is provided for afforestation.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that Central China cherry is scene photograph after stock high position grafting F. pendula Bean；
Fig. 2 is that Central China cherry is Second Year last year photo after stock high position grafting F. pendula Bean.
Fig. 3 is that Central China cherry is Second Year last year another photo after stock high position grafting F. pendula Bean.
Embodiment
Following examples further describe the implementation process and beneficial effect of the inventive method, and embodiment is only used for illustration
Purpose, do not limit the scope of the invention, while the obvious change that those of ordinary skill in the art are made according to the present invention
It is also contained within the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
(1) selection of stock：Select diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 12-14cm, trunk branch point 2.8-3.0m perennial Central China cherry
(Cerasus conradinae) is used as stock, select stock upper angle into equally distributed 2-3 roots rugosity 2-3cm branch
As the interface of cut-grafting, the interface on high grafting bar is from the branch point of side shoot and trunk with a distance from 15-20cm；
(2) trimming of scion：A long inclined-plane is cut at bud 1cm under weeping branch cherry scion, the length on long inclined-plane is 1.5-2cm,
Offside on long inclined-plane cuts a short inclined-plane, and the length on short inclined-plane is 0.8-1cm；Weeping branch cherry scion is cut into 2-4 bud, and
Length is 7-8cm segment, and being subject to colligation in the winding of the top of scion with insulating tape stick seals；By the weeping branch cherry after trimming
Scion beveled end, which is put into treatment fluid, soaks that 2-3h is standby, and described treatment fluid is the water drug-decocting concentrating liquid of the sterculia seed, by such as lower section
Method is prepared：The dry mature seed 500g of the sterculia seed is weighed, 3h is cooked by slow fire after adding 30 times of boiling boilings, collects decocting liquid, concentration
It is prepared to every milliliter for the treatment of fluid equivalent to by 4g sterculia seed dry mature seeds；
(3) grafting operation：Grafting time is selected before early spring oriental cherry rudiment, apart from trunk on the high grafting bar of Central China cherry
At branch point 15-20cm, angle is subjected to cutting back into equally distributed 2-3 rootstocks branch, the another anvil for retaining 1-2 roots not cutting back
Wooden branch bar, a 1-2cm stramazon is cut at the edge of the two opposite side xylems in stock branch cutting back face, step (2) is trimmed
The long inclined-plane of scion inserted towards Central China cherry stock, and the forming layer on one side align, being subject to colligation with insulating tape stick (joins
See Fig. 1).After grafting 7-10 days, scion bud starts to sprout, while the bottom of stock, top bud also begin to sprout, to ensure scion
Survive and nutrient growth, bud and branch that stock bottom is sprouted are erased in time, top member-retaining portion branch is to carry out light
Cooperation with meet scion grow.Top and the bottom stock branch is all erased after scionwood bar grows the 2-3 months, so that scion is quick
Growth.
Weeping branch cherry scion variety selected by the present embodiment has branch to hang down cherry (Cerasus spachiana ' Pendula '), red
Branch hangs down (Cerasus subhirtella ' Pendula Rosea '), the vertical (Cerasus spachiana ' Pleno- of the red branch of eightfold
Rosea '), the fine branch of rain is hung down (Cerasus spachiana ' Ujou-shidare '), river family is hung down cherry (Cerasus
Subhirtella ' pendula '), mountain cherry branch hang down (celestial platform branch hangs down) (Cerasus serrulata ' Sendai-shidare '),
Ji Yezhi hangs down (Cerasus ' Yoshino-shidare ') seven, and spring height connects a scion can extract 20-30 root branches out then
Bar, most long growth length can reach 1.5m when every branch to autumn and winter is fallen leaves.The bud of Second Year last year can sprout 20- again per bud
30 branches (referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 3).Wound healing in 3rd year is intact, and tree crown is full, and high seedlings picking can go out garden and be used for engineering project.
72 plants of totally 203 scion of the present embodiment grafting weeping branch cherry, after grafting 3 months, observation survives situation, survives 195 scion, survives
Rate is up to 96.1%.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment selects careless cherry (Cerasus fruticosa Pall.) to be used as stock, the same embodiment of other steps
1.Totally 210 scion of 78 plants of grafting weeping branch cherry, after grafting 3 months, observation survives situation, survives 92 scion, survival rate
43.8%, 13-18 root branches are extracted in each scion out then.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment selection frontier passes and mountains cherry (Cerasus serrulata var.lannesiana ' Kanzan ') is used as stock,
Other steps are the same as embodiment 1.Totally 199 scion of 71 plants of grafting weeping branch cherry, after grafting 3 months, observation survives situation, survives
7-15 root branches are extracted in 114 scion, survival rate 57.3%, each scion out then.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment selects Central China cherry (Cerasus conradinae) to be used as stock, except not using treatment fluid to soak
Bubble, other steps are the same as embodiment 1.Totally 186 scion of 65 plants of grafting weeping branch cherry, after grafting 3 months, observation survives situation, into
14-17 root branches are extracted in 137 scion living, survival rate 73.6%, each scion out then.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method that F. pendula Bean is cultivated using Central China cherry as stock high position grafting, comprises the following steps：
(1) selection of stock：Diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 12-14cm, trunk branch point 2.8-3.2m perennial Central China cherry are selected as stock, choosing
Select stock upper angle into be uniformly distributed and rugosity 2-3cm interface of the branch as cut-grafting, interface on height grafting bar away from
It is 10-20cm from trunk branch point；
(2) trimming of scion：A long inclined-plane is cut at bud under weeping branch cherry scion, the length on long inclined-plane is 1.5-2cm, on long inclined-plane
Offside cut a short inclined-plane, the length on short inclined-plane is 0.5-1cm；Weeping branch cherry scion is cut into 2-4 bud, and length is 7-
8cm segment, it is subject to colligation in the winding of the top of scion with insulating tape stick and seals；By the weeping branch cherry scion inclined-plane after trimming
End, which is put into treatment fluid, soaks that 2-3h is standby, and described treatment fluid is the water drug-decocting concentrating liquid of the sterculia seed；
(3) grafting operation：On the high grafting bar of Central China cherry at trunk branch point 10-20cm, by angle into equally distributed
2-3 rootstocks branch carries out cutting back, the another stock branch for retaining 1-2 roots not cutting back, on the one side or two in stock branch cutting back face
A 1-2cm stramazon is cut at the edge of opposite side xylem, and the long inclined-plane of scion that step (2) has been trimmed is inserted towards Central China cherry stock
Enter, and the forming layer on one side is alignd, banding fixed.
2. the method for F. pendula Bean is cultivated using Central China cherry as stock high position grafting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
Suddenly the interface described in (1) on high grafting bar is 15-20cm apart from trunk branch point.
3. the method for F. pendula Bean is cultivated using Central China cherry as stock high position grafting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
Suddenly when scion is trimmed in (2), a long inclined-plane is cut at bud 1cm under weeping branch cherry scion.
4. the method for F. pendula Bean is cultivated using Central China cherry as stock high position grafting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
Suddenly the treatment fluid described in (2) is prepared as follows forming：The dry mature seed of the sterculia seed is weighed, adds slow fire after boiling boiling
2-3h is decocted, decocting liquid is collected, is concentrated into 3-5g raw materials/mL.
5. the method for F. pendula Bean is cultivated using Central China cherry as stock high position grafting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
Suddenly after (3) grafting operation is completed 7-10 days, scion bud starts to sprout, while when the bottom of stock, top bud also begin to sprout, will
The bud and branch that stock bottom is sprouted are erased.
6. the method for F. pendula Bean is cultivated using Central China cherry as stock high position grafting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
Suddenly after (3) grafting operation completes the 2-3 months, top and the bottom stock branch is all erased.
7. cultivating the method for F. pendula Bean using Central China cherry as stock high position grafting according to claim any one of 1-6, it is special
Sign is that this method selects the grafting before early spring oriental cherry rudiment.
8. cultivating the method for F. pendula Bean using Central China cherry as stock high position grafting according to claim any one of 1-6, it is special
Sign is that the kind of described scion is selected from the vertical cherry (Cerasus spachiana ' Pendula ') of branch, the vertical (Cerasus of red branch
Subhirtella ' Pendula Rosea '), the red branch of eightfold hang down (Cerasus spachiana ' Pleno-rosea '), the fine branch of rain
The vertical cherry (Cerasus subhirtella ' pendula ') in vertical (Cerasus spachiana ' Ujou-shidare '), river family, mountain
Cherry branch hangs down (celestial platform branch hangs down) (Cerasus serrulata ' Sendai-shidare '), the vertical (Cerasus ' Yoshino- of lucky wild branch
shidare’)。
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| CN108668731A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-10-19 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of breeding method of oriental cherry grafting |
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| CN111802157A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-10-23 | 宁波城市职业技术学院 | Stock selection method for domestic main cultivated variety oriental cherry |
| CN111802165A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-10-23 | 宁波城市职业技术学院 | Method capable of remarkably improving success rate of oriental cherry grafting in summer |
| CN112119780A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2020-12-25 | 广西禾珞农业科技有限公司 | Layered grafting method for pollination of ananas comosus |
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| CN111802157A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-10-23 | 宁波城市职业技术学院 | Stock selection method for domestic main cultivated variety oriental cherry |
| CN111802165A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-10-23 | 宁波城市职业技术学院 | Method capable of remarkably improving success rate of oriental cherry grafting in summer |
| CN112119780A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2020-12-25 | 广西禾珞农业科技有限公司 | Layered grafting method for pollination of ananas comosus |
| CN112673828A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-20 | 昆明春景园林绿化有限责任公司 | Method for grafting Yunan cherry blossom on big winter cherry blossom tree high branch |
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