CN109197320A - A kind of high-yield planting method of perfume lemon - Google Patents
A kind of high-yield planting method of perfume lemon Download PDFInfo
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- CN109197320A CN109197320A CN201811022731.0A CN201811022731A CN109197320A CN 109197320 A CN109197320 A CN 109197320A CN 201811022731 A CN201811022731 A CN 201811022731A CN 109197320 A CN109197320 A CN 109197320A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
- A01N65/48—Zingiberaceae [Ginger family], e.g. ginger or galangal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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Abstract
The present invention relates to planting fruit trees technical fields, more particularly to a kind of high-yield planting method of perfume lemon, including (1) selects seedling (2) selection of land site preparation (3) planting pit to prepare after (4) field planting (5) is planted fertilizer and water management (6) pruning (7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.The high-yield planting method of perfume lemon provided by the invention, it then follows the growth cycle and habit of perfume lemon, whole rule cultivation, it is reasonably applied fertilizer for the different growth period of perfume lemon, rationally, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is proper for fertilising, it is good to improve quality effect, method is simple, at low cost；The incidence for not only effectively reducing pest and disease damage is planted to perfume lemon using this method, and safety and environmental protection, it will not cause soil deterioration, hardened phenomenon, and improve the yield of perfume lemon, it plants obtained perfume lemon yield height and fruit is big full, full of nutrition, juice gives off a strong fragrance, good quality, it is in good taste.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting fruit trees technical fields, and in particular to a kind of high-yield planting method of perfume lemon.
Background technique
Lemon (scientific name: Citrus limon (L.) Burm.f.), Rutaceae citrus plant, lemon are also known as lemon fruit, foreign lemon
Female fruit of lemon, benefit etc..Dungarunga, branch pierce or are bordering on less stingless, tender leaf and the dark violet red of bud, and blade ground paper matter is oval or oval
Shape.Single flower axillary or few flowers are raw.Fruit ellipse or oval, pericarp is thick, usual coarse, lemon yellow, fruit juice acid to very sour, kind
Son is small, oval, end point；Kind of skin is smooth, cotyledon milky, usual list or has polyembryony concurrently.The month at florescence 4-5, the fruiting period 9-11 month.Lemon
Property happiness it is warm, it is shade tolerant, can not resist cold, also To Be Protected from Heat, is suitable for cultivating in subtropical zone cool in summer and warm in winter therefore.
Perfume lemon belongs to the evergreen small and exquisite wood of Rutaceae Citrus, belongs to the mutation of lemon, cultivates product for TaiWan, China
Kind.Perfume lemon has good cold tolerance, and fruit is oval in shape, and crust is coarse in green, yellow green or yellow
Rough, due to its good adaptability after introduction, cultivated area is more and more wider.Perfume lemon is a kind of with practical extensively
The fruit of property, fruit oblong, the big no seed of fruit, average fruit weigh about 160g, and pericarp is yellowish green to faint yellow when mature, pericarp
It is smooth, common variety lemon is compared, perfume lemon flavour is fresh and sweet, and without bitter taste, fruit face oil vacuole is more and convex, and meat tenderness juice is more, gas
Taste perfume (or spice) is strongly fragrant, while perfume lemon is rich in vitamin C, carbohydrate, calcium, phosphorus, iron, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, niacin, quininic acid, lemon
Lemon acid, malic acid, aurantiamarin, aurantiin, coumarin, a large amount potassium element and low amounts sodium element etc., it is highly beneficial to human body.
Perfume lemon is one of fruit variety welcome currently on the market, and is had very high nutritive value, by happiness
Love, thus this but also perfume lemon plantation have very high economic value, especially the sale of perfume lemon with interconnection
After the docking of net, the sales volume of perfume lemon is also promoted, plantation is made to can get better economic benefit.Perfume lemon plant is raw
Long very fast, fertilizer requirement is larger, several times a year takes out the tip, blooms, as a result, often volume variance is larger due to managing quality.And it is existing
Perfume lemon planting technology is all slightly to be improved according to the implantation methods of forefathers to operate, and the lemon speed of growth is slow, yield
Low, input cost is high and pest and disease damage harm is serious, and due in perfume lemon planting process fertilizer requirement it is big, in planting process not
The rational application of fertilizer causes soil deterioration, hardened phenomenon obvious, the perfume lemon mouthfeel and quality that the use of a large amount of chemical fertilizer plants out
It is deteriorated, there is continuous worsening phenomenon, seriously affected the comprehensive benefit of perfume lemon plantation.And because excessively applying chemical fertilizer,
Agrochemical causes the hazard residue of lemon high, influences the health of eater.It therefore is further specification perfume lemon
Planting technology, improve perfume lemon quality, improve perfume lemon mouthfeel and yield the problems such as, the invention proposes a kind of peaces
Entirely, the implantation methods of perfume lemon mouthfeel, quality and yield are effectively improved.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of high-yield planting method of perfume lemon, using this method to perfume lemon into
Row plantation not only effectively reduces the incidence of pest and disease damage, but also safety and environmental protection, will not cause soil deterioration, hardened phenomenon,
The yield for improving perfume lemon, the perfume citron fruit planted is full, and full of nutrition, juice gives off a strong fragrance, and quality is good,
It is in good taste.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of high-yield planting method of perfume lemon, comprising the following steps:
(1) select seedling: selection tissue is full, disease-free, the good lemon seedlings of upgrowth situation；
(2) selection of land site preparation: the soil is porous for selection, fertile, draining is good, soil pH value is between 5.5-6.5, separate pollution sources
Plot as plantation, and plough deeply plantation field；
(3) planting pit prepares: planting pit is dug before plant, 55 × 55 × 55 centimetres of specification, (i.e. 70% is decomposed dynamic for every cave organic fertilizer
The organic fertilizer that decomposed+10% straw of tea seed cake of object excrement+20% is mixed to get) 30~50 kilograms, 0.5~1 kilogram of calcium superphosphate,
Fertilizer and soil are mixed, and earthing is made into the field planting pier of high unearthed 20 centimetres of plane；
(4) it is colonized: setting 4.5-5 meters of sapling line-spacing, 4-3 meters of spacing in the rows when field planting；It plants one small in the digging of planting pit center when seedling
Hole, seedling is put into hole, side earthing Bian Ligen, is gently mentioned seedling root, and light firming earth, is made root system and soil intimate engagement, plant
Planting depth should be consistent with nursery phase mud trace, and rootstock is basseted, and after plant, first sufficiently pours water, and with straw or covering with ground sheeting
Entire tree disk；
(5) fertilizer and water management after planting: after seedling planting, watering depending on weather condition, ground moistening is kept, 1 after lemon seedlings field planting
The moon starts to apply first time liquid manure, carries out a water and fertilizer irrigation every 1.5-2 months later；There is annual autumn application after treelet field planting
Machine fertilizer, i.e., the organic fertilizer that 70% decomposed+10% straw of tea seed cake of decomposed animal wastes+20% is mixed to get, dose are per acre
300-350kg after annual lemon fruit tree takes out spring bud, spray once with lemon special foliar fertilizer, is thanking to flower in fruit tree every year
Taking out the hair phase to fruit expanding period and autumn growth afterwards, respectively to apply lemon special fertilizer primary, and every plant 5-8 kilograms of special fertilizer of application lemon, every year
Before fruit tree blooms, young fruit period and fruit expanding period sprayed with lemon special foliar fertilizer；
(6) pruning: in summer and autumn arid season, will be intertilled before drought, keep loosing soil, reduce moisture evaporation,
Pruning to lemon, trimming when more stay branches and leaves, can penetrate a small amount of sunlight in tree crown as principle, spring, summer, autumn are main
To the timely pinching of excessive growth branch or cutting back, sick branch, deadwood and fruitful branch are mainly wiped out in winter；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: before florescence and in Xie Huahou, lemon fruit tree is carried out with Biocidal fungicide to spray prevention and treatment
Pest and disease damage, in orchard, 1 electronic moth-killing lamp insect-killing trapping of every 5 mu of extensions.
The high-yield planting method of above-mentioned perfume lemon, liquid manure described in step (5) the preparation method comprises the following steps: will be according to parts by weight
People and animals are urinated 20-50 parts by number；10-20 parts of lemon pomace；30-40 parts of tea seed cake；20-25 parts of cow dung；3-5 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP)；Humic
Sour ammonium 3-5 parts and boric acid 0.5-1 parts are put into fermentation vat, and said mixture material per kilogram raw material injects 60 kg of water, fermentation 10
It is obtained by filtration more than it.
The high-yield planting method of above-mentioned perfume lemon, lemon special foliar fertilizer described in step (5) the preparation method comprises the following steps: will
10-15 parts of the urea of parts by weight；8-10 parts of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate；3-5 parts of potassium humate；5-8 parts of molasses；Citric acid chelated zinc
0.5-1 parts；0.5-1 parts of manganese sulfate；0.5-1 parts of ferrous sulfate；0.5-1.5 parts and water 400-600 parts of boric acid are mixed to get.
The high-yield planting method of above-mentioned perfume lemon, lemon special fertilizer described in step (5) the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1. taking following raw material for standby in parts by weight: 35-45 parts of cow dung；30-40 parts of filter mud of sugar refinery；20-30 parts of lemon pomace；Tea
It is 20-25 parts withered；5-8 parts of potassium fulvate；10-20 parts of humic acid；10-20 parts of urea；8-12 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate；Calcium superphosphate 4-7
Part；10-15 parts of lignin；Middle trace element fertilizer 1-3 parts；3-5 parts of cane molasses；Biological bacteria is 0.5-1 parts；
2. by cow dung, filter mud of sugar refinery, lemon pomace, tea seed cake, potassium fulvate, humic acid, calcium superphosphate, lignin, cane molasses,
Biological bacteria is placed in fermentation vat by weight ratio, is stirred evenly, and control material moisture is in 60-65%, and 55-60 DEG C of temperature, in temperature
Turning when rising to 60 DEG C fermentation one month or more, obtains fermentation materials；
3. fermentation materials are uniformly mixed with urea, calcium magnesium phosphate and middle trace element fertilizer, lemon special fertilizer can be obtained.
In the preparation method of the lemon special fertilizer, the middle microelement is containing magnesium, zinc, manganese, iron, boron, copper, molybdenum
Fertilizer；Wherein each element and weight ratio are as follows: magnesium: zinc: manganese: iron: boron: copper: molybdenum=1:0.8:0.5:0.5:0.6:0.3:0.3, this
A little elements are respectively derived from ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid disodium magnesium salt salt, lignin sulfonic acid zinc, manganese sulfate, fulvic acid diamines iron, boric acid, chlorine
Change copper and ammonium molybdate.
In the preparation method of the lemon special fertilizer, the biological bacteria be bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete,
Actinomyces, nitrogen-fixing bacteria mix by weight 1:1:1:1:1, and the content specification of each microorganism fungus kind is all every gram 200,000,000
A above effective active bacterium, the biological bacteria need to activate before use, activation process are as follows: by biological bacteria by weight 1:100
Ratio be put into 25-30 DEG C of warm water, stand 3-5h to get to activation biological bacteria.
The high-yield planting method of the perfume lemon, Biocidal fungicide described in step (7) the preparation method comprises the following steps:
Take it is dry after galangal, crush, by weight plus 5-8 times is measured the ethyl alcohol that volumetric concentration is 65-75%, impregnates 3-5 hours, then
Heating and refluxing extraction 3 times, each 0.5-1.0 h, filtration, merging filtrate obtains galangal extracting solution；According to sapindoside:
Nimbin: sapindoside and nimbin are added in galangal extracting solution and mix by galangal extracting solution=1:1:20 ratio
Obtain Biocidal fungicide, which is watered by when use 600~700 times of liquid are made after reuse.
The leftover bits and pieces that lemon pomace used in liquid manure is lemon processing factory is prepared in the present invention, including Lemon fruit cinder ladle includes fruit
Skin, pulp residue, word grain etc. are rich in protein, fat, carbohydrate, ash content and multivitamin.In preparing liquid manure
Lemon pomace is added to ferment together, a large amount of glucosides and lemon effective component are contained in the liquid manure to ferment, fruit tree can be promoted
Absorption to nutrient, and the liquid manure obtained after the fermentation of lemon pomace is particularly suitable for the growth of perfume lemon, also has in acidity
Effect of the adjustment soil environment acid-base property to plant optimum growh environment.Tea seed cake used is remained after Wild camellia seed oil fruit extracts oil
Under slag, the Tea Saponin containing 12-18% in tea seed cake.Tea seed cake is a kind of efficient organic fertilizer, it can voluntarily be decomposed, non-toxic remaining,
On human body without influence, use is safe.Tea seed cake liquid has good stomach toxicity and action of contace poison to pest, can be extensively in vegetables, tea tree, fruit
Tree, tealeaves use in flowers and other crops, prevent and treat snail, river snail, leech, planthopper, rice leafhopper, the first-class pest of sweet potato baby elephant.It will
Tea seed cake is used to prepare dedicated liquid manure, moreover it is possible to the generation of effectively preventing lemon fruit tree diseases and pests.The present invention by the way that people and animals are urinated, lemon
The substances such as mango slag, tea seed cake, cow dung carry out fermentation and prepare liquid manure, and pour facility using water-fertilizer integral and poured, and have
Time saving, water-saving, saving of labor, efficient purpose, are sprayed using the liquid manure, are had and are promoted root system development, and chlorophyll content is improved, and are increased
Photosynthesis improves the advantages of perfume lemon output of the fruit tree improves fruit quality.
Lemon special fertilizer used in planting process of the present invention is with raw materials such as cow dung, filter mud of sugar refinery, lemon pomace, tea seed cakes
It is obtained after everfermentation, can reduce the pollution on the environments such as waste using these raw materials, realize salvage property
The purpose that source utilizes, and the biological bacteria used is bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis), lactic acid bacteria
((Lactobacillus Beijerinck, 1901), saccharomycete (Yeast), actinomyces (Classification system:
Actinobacteria), nitrogen-fixing bacteria (Classification system Latin Name Azotobacter sp) are mixed by weight 1:1:1:1:1
Made of conjunction, can promote that organic materials is mineralization and humification during the fermentation: material is by mineralization, and nutrient is by invalid state
Gentle state becomes available state and quick-acting states；It can produce a variety of special efficacy metabolins such as by humification: carbohydrase, protease, starch
Enzyme, lipase etc., can largely decompose glucose, amino acid necessary to crop, vitamin group, auxin isoreactivity substance and
Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, microelement promote crop growth, improve disease-resistant, drought resisting, cold tolerance, increase base soil nutrient, improve soil
Earth microbial activity increases crop yield, improves quality, reduces cost.The lemon special fertilizer obtained after fermentation is rich in Lemon fruit
Organic matter needed for tree production, middle microelement, nutrient efficient can provide lemon fruit tree nutrient elements required for the growth, promote
Into the growth of fruit tree.And lignin raw material is used in preparation lemon special fertilizer, lignin abundance delays in the soil
Slow degradation, nonhazardous do not remain, can improve the physicochemical property of soil by microbial degradation at humic acid in the soil, mention
The permeability of high soil prevents hardened.Lignin large specific surface area, it is light, common N, P, K fertilizer is mixed with lignin,
Lignin can be such that nutriment fixes by physisorption and Van der Waals force, and slowly release with the degradation of lignin
It puts, forms the fertilizer of long-acting slow-release；Lignin is added in the present invention as one of the ingredient in special fertilizer, can make in fertilizer
The nutriment contained more slowly discharges, and extends the fertilizer efficiency duration of fertilizer, improves the utilization rate of fertilizer, and can be with
The comprehensive fertility for improving soil is conducive to save fertile volume increase, reduces production cost.
Biocidal fungicide used in the present invention is mixed by sapindoside, nimbin and galangal extracting solution
It arrives.Galangal, [latin name] Alpinia officinarum. are the dry rhizome of zingiberaceous plant galangal.Galangal root
Stem contain a variety of diarylheptanoids: curcumin, dihydro curcumin, hexahydrocurcumin, octahydrocurcumin, to dark mildew,
Anthracnose has stronger antibacterial, bactericidal effect.Sapindoside (Soapnut Saponin) is wild deciduous tree soapberry
The extract of (Sapindus mukorossi Gareth.) pericarp, major surfactant ingredient are triterpene saponin (I), sesquialter
Terpene glycoside (II), fat oil and protein, are a kind of natural nonionic surface active agent, and all-natural product is no added
Any artificial synthetic detergent, essence, pigment and preservative have very strong drop as natural activity machine pollutant solubilizer
The effect of low surface tension, sapindoside be used as farm chemical emulgent, to cotton aphid, red spider and sweet potato Jinhua worm etc. have compared with
Good killing effect.
Nimbin is the seed or tree by deciduous tree print chinaberry (Classification system Azadirachta Indica A.Juss)
The tetracyclic triterpenoid extracted in skin.Nimbin class compound and the intracorporal steroids of insect and steroid etc.
Hormonal substance is closely similar, thus pest be not easily distinguishable they be in vivo it is intrinsic or it is extraneous force, so they were both
It is able to enter a life process of interference pest in pest body, to kill off the insect pests, and pest is not easy to cause and develops drug resistance.Through
Modern research shows that the nimbin that extracts is wide spectrum recognized in the world, efficient, less toxic, degradable, nothing from print chinaberry fruit
Remaining insecticide.It generates Antifeedant Effects by destroying the chemical co-ordination organ of insect mouthpart；By to midgut digestive enzymes
The nutrition conversion deficiency so that food is acted on, the vitality of insect is influenced；The feeding rate of insect can also be reduced and food is turned
Change utilization rate, insect hormone in vivo balance is influenced, thus interference insect growth and development.
The Biocidal fungicide pair that the present invention uses sapindoside, nimbin and galangal extracting solution to be mixed to get
Lemon fruit tree carries out that prevention and treatment pest and disease damage pesticide-germicide range is wide, and pesticide-germicide drug effect is high, and it is long that control period is sterilized in insect prevention, energy after application
It degrades in the natural environment, no pollution to the environment, and pesticide residue will not be caused to fruit tree, safety and environmental protection can effectively inhibit aphid
The generation of the pest and disease damages such as worm, aleyrodid, red spider, dark mildew, anthracnose helps to improve the yield and product of perfume lemon fruit tree
Matter.
The invention has the benefit that
1, the high-yield planting method of perfume lemon of the present invention follows the growth cycle and habit of perfume lemon, not for perfume lemon
Same growth period is reasonably applied fertilizer, and utilization rate of fertilizer is high.Water source used in planting process of the present invention in underground spring,
Water quality is good, is sprayed using liquid manure, has and promotes root system development, improves chlorophyll content, increases photosynthesis promotion perfume
The growth of lemon fruit tree, and by spraying the homemade lemon special foliar fertilizer of the present invention, contain the life of lemon fruit tree in foliar fertilizer
Long required N P and K and middle microelement, by Foliage Absorption, effective rate of utilization is high, can effectively supplement perfume lemonlike citrus root
The deficiency of portion's fertilising, especially lemon yield positive results etc. fertilizer requirements it is big in the period of, perfume (or spice) can effectively be supplemented by spraying foliar fertilizer
Nutrient required for water lemon, to guarantee that fruit tree under suitable fertilizer and water condition, carries out normal growth and development, reaches high yield and high quality
Purpose.
2, the present invention has made lemon special fertilizer by oneself according to the growth cycle and habit of perfume lemon, which is rich in
Organic matter needed for lemon production of fruit trees, middle microelement, nutrient efficient, the member of nutrition needed for lemon fruit tree growth can be provided
Element promotes the growth of fruit tree.It is applied fertilizer, is not only increased organic in soil to lemon fruit tree using the perfume lemon special fertilizer
The content of matter provides various nutrients abundant for perfume lemon, improves the quality of perfume lemon, and can improve soil physics
Property and structure, improve soil fertilizer feeder capability.
3, for the present invention in terms of the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control of perfume lemon, the present invention uses sapindoside, nimbin and height
The Biocidal fungicide that galanga extracting solution is mixed to get to lemon fruit tree carry out prevention and treatment pest and disease damage pesticide-germicide range it is wide, desinsection
It is high to sterilize drug effect, insect prevention sterilization control period is long, it can degrade in the natural environment after application, no pollution to the environment, and will not be to fruit
Tree causes pesticide residue, and safety and environmental protection can effectively inhibit the hair of the pest and disease damages such as aphid, aleyrodid, red spider, dark mildew, anthracnose
It is raw, help to improve the yield and quality of perfume lemon fruit tree.Lure moth to go out snout moth with electronic moth-killing lamp, behaviour do conveniently, it is at low cost,
Safety non-pollution reduces field and falls ovum amount, forced down insect population safety and environmental protection by effectively trapping and killing adult.The present invention
Safety and environmental protection in terms of the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, unharmful substance residual, and preventing disease and pest effect is obvious, be conducive to the health of fruit tree at
It is long, improve the quality of fruit.
4, the high-yield planting method of perfume lemon provided by the invention, from select seedling, selection of land site preparation, planting pit prepare, field planting
And the whole rule cultivation of fertilizer and water management, pruning, prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control etc. after planting, rationally, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control obtains for fertilising
When fruit tree anti-disaster ability is enhanced, and improves that quality effect is good, and method is simple, at low cost；Using this method to perfume
Lemon is planted the incidence for not only effectively reducing pest and disease damage, but also safety and environmental protection, will not cause soil deterioration, hardened
Phenomenon, and the yield of perfume lemon is improved, the perfume lemon yield planted is high and fruit is big full, and it is full of nutrition,
Thin skin, succulence, meat tenderness, juice give off a strong fragrance, and quality is good, in good taste.The lemon that picking comes out is for soaked, and taste is fresh, mouthfeel
Good, bitter taste, not long-term to place a period of time, can give out the taste of faint scent.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of high-yield planting method of perfume lemon, comprising the following steps:
(1) select seedling: selection tissue is full, disease-free, the good lemon seedlings of upgrowth situation；
(2) selection of land site preparation: the soil is porous for selection, fertile, draining is good, soil pH value is between 5.5-6.5, separate pollution sources
Plot as plantation, and plough deeply plantation field；
(3) planting pit prepares: planting pit is dug before plant, 55 × 55 × 55 centimetres of specification, (i.e. 70% is decomposed dynamic for every cave organic fertilizer
The organic fertilizer that decomposed+10% straw of tea seed cake of object excrement+20% is mixed to get) 30 kilograms, 1 kilogram of calcium superphosphate, by fertilizer with
Soil mixes, and earthing is made into the field planting pier of high unearthed 20 centimetres of plane；
(4) it is colonized: setting 4.5 meters of sapling line-spacing, 3 meters of spacing in the rows when field planting；A pitting is dug at planting pit center when planting seedling,
Seedling is put into hole, side earthing Bian Ligen, is gently mentioned seedling root, and light firming earth, is made root system and soil intimate engagement, the depth of planting
Should be consistent with nursery phase mud trace, rootstock is basseted, and after plant, is first sufficiently poured water, and entirely set disk with rice straw mulching；
(5) fertilizer and water management after planting: after seedling planting, watering depending on weather condition, ground moistening is kept, 1 after lemon seedlings field planting
The moon starts to apply first time liquid manure, later every the water and fertilizer irrigation of progress in 1.5 months；The liquid manure the preparation method comprises the following steps: will be by
According to parts by weight, people and animals are urinated 20 parts；10 parts of lemon pomace；30 parts of tea seed cake；20 parts of cow dung；3 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP)；Ammonium humate 3
Part is put into fermentation vat with 0.5 part of boric acid, and said mixture material per kilogram raw material injects 60 kg of water, filters within fermentation 10 days or more
It obtains；Annual autumn application of organic fertilizers, i.e., 70% decomposed+10% straw of tea seed cake of decomposed animal wastes+20% are mixed after treelet field planting
Obtained organic fertilizer is closed, dose is that 300kg is sprayed after annual lemon fruit tree takes out spring bud with lemon special foliar fertilizer per acre
Apply it is primary, every year fruit tree thank spend after take out the hair phase to fruit expanding period and autumn growth and respectively apply that lemon special fertilizer is primary, and every plant is applied
Add 5 kilograms of lemon special fertilizer, every year before fruit tree blooms, young fruit period and fruit expanding period sprayed with lemon special foliar fertilizer
It applies；The lemon special foliar fertilizer the preparation method comprises the following steps: by 10 parts of urea of parts by weight；8 parts of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate；Potassium humate
3 parts；5 parts of molasses；0.5 part of citric acid chelated zinc；0.5 part of manganese sulfate；0.5 part of ferrous sulfate；0.5 part and 400 parts of water of boric acid mixed
Conjunction obtains；
(6) pruning: in summer and autumn arid season, will be intertilled before drought, keep loosing soil, reduce moisture evaporation,
Pruning to lemon, trimming when more stay branches and leaves, can penetrate a small amount of sunlight in tree crown as principle, spring, summer, autumn are main
To the timely pinching of excessive growth branch or cutting back, sick branch, deadwood and fruitful branch are mainly wiped out in winter；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: before florescence and in Xie Huahou, lemon fruit tree is carried out with Biocidal fungicide to spray prevention and treatment
Pest and disease damage, in orchard, 1 electronic moth-killing lamp insect-killing trapping of every 5 mu of extensions.The preparation method of the Biocidal fungicide
Are as follows: the galangal after taking drying crushes, and by weight plus 5 times of amount volumetric concentrations are 75% ethyl alcohol, impregnates 3 hours, then heats
Refluxing extraction 3 times, 0.5 h, filtration, merging filtrate obtain galangal extracting solution every time；According to sapindoside: nimbin:
Galangal extracting solution=1:1:20 ratio, sapindoside and nimbin are added in galangal extracting solution and are mixed to get life
Object insecticidal bactericide, which is watered by when use 600 times of liquid are made after reuse.
The high-yield planting method of above-mentioned perfume lemon, lemon special fertilizer described in step (5) the preparation method comprises the following steps: 1. pressing
Parts by weight take following raw material for standby: 35 parts of cow dung；30 parts of filter mud of sugar refinery；20 parts of lemon pomace；20 parts of tea seed cake；Potassium fulvate 5
Part；10 parts of humic acid；10 parts of urea；8 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate；4 parts of calcium superphosphate；10 parts of lignin；1 part of middle trace element fertilizer；It is sweet
3 parts of cane molasses；Biological bacteria is 0.5 part；The middle microelement be containing magnesium, zinc, manganese, iron, boron, copper, molybdenum fertilizer；It is wherein each
Element and weight ratio are as follows: magnesium: zinc: manganese: iron: boron: copper: molybdenum=1:0.8:0.5:0.5:0.6:0.3:0.3, these elements come respectively
Derived from ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid disodium magnesium salt salt, lignin sulfonic acid zinc, manganese sulfate, fulvic acid diamines iron, boric acid, copper chloride and molybdic acid
Ammonium；The biological bacteria is that bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete, actinomyces, nitrogen-fixing bacteria are mixed by weight 1:1:1:1:1
It closes, the content specification of each microorganism fungus kind is all 200,000,000 every gram or more effective active bacterium, and the biological bacteria is using
Before need to activate, activation process are as follows: biological bacteria is put into 25-30 DEG C of warm water by weight the ratio of 1:100, stand 3h, i.e.,
The biological bacteria activated；
2. by cow dung, filter mud of sugar refinery, lemon pomace, tea seed cake, potassium fulvate, humic acid, calcium superphosphate, lignin, cane molasses,
Biological bacteria is placed in fermentation vat by weight ratio, is stirred evenly, and 60%, 55-60 DEG C of temperature, temperature rises control material moisture
Turning when to 60 DEG C ferments one month, obtains fermentation materials；
3. fermentation materials are uniformly mixed with urea, calcium magnesium phosphate and middle trace element fertilizer, lemon special fertilizer can be obtained.
Embodiment 2
A kind of high-yield planting method of perfume lemon, comprising the following steps:
(1) select seedling: selection tissue is full, disease-free, the good lemon seedlings of upgrowth situation；
(2) selection of land site preparation: the soil is porous for selection, fertile, draining is good, soil pH value is between 5.5-6.5, separate pollution sources
Plot as plantation, and plough deeply plantation field；
(3) planting pit prepares: planting pit is dug before plant, 55 × 55 × 55 centimetres of specification, 40 kilograms of every cave organic fertilizer crosses phosphorus
0.8 kilogram of sour calcium mixes fertilizer and soil, and earthing is made into the field planting pier of high unearthed 20 centimetres of plane；
(4) it is colonized: setting 4.8 meters of sapling line-spacing, 3.5 meters of spacing in the rows when field planting；A pitting is dug at planting pit center when planting seedling,
Seedling is put into hole, side earthing Bian Ligen, gently mentions seedling root, and light firming earth, make root system and soil intimate engagement, plant is deep
Degree should be consistent with nursery phase mud trace, and rootstock is basseted, and after plant, first sufficiently pours water, and entirely set disk with covering with ground sheeting；
(5) fertilizer and water management after planting: after seedling planting, watering depending on weather condition, ground moistening is kept, 1 after lemon seedlings field planting
The moon starts to apply first time liquid manure, later every the water and fertilizer irrigation of progress in 2 months；The liquid manure the preparation method comprises the following steps: will be according to
People and animals are urinated 35 parts by parts by weight；15 parts of lemon pomace；35 parts of tea seed cake；22 parts of cow dung；4 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP)；4 parts of ammonium humate
It is put into fermentation vat with 0.7 part of boric acid, said mixture material per kilogram raw material injects 60 kg of water, filters within fermentation 10 days or more
It arrives；Annual autumn application of organic fertilizers after treelet field planting, i.e., the mixing of 70% decomposed animal wastes+20% decomposed+10% straw of tea seed cake
Obtained organic fertilizer, dose are that 320kg is sprayed after annual lemon fruit tree takes out spring bud with lemon special foliar fertilizer per acre
Once, every year fruit tree thank spend after take out primary, the every plant of application of respectively applying lemon special fertilizer of hair phase to fruit expanding period and autumn growth
7 kilograms of lemon special fertilizer, every year before fruit tree blooms, young fruit period and fruit expanding period sprayed with lemon special foliar fertilizer；
The lemon special foliar fertilizer the preparation method comprises the following steps: by 12 parts of urea of parts by weight；9 parts of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate；Potassium humate 4
Part；7 parts of molasses；0.8 part of citric acid chelated zinc；0.7 part of manganese sulfate；0.6 part of ferrous sulfate；1 part and 500 parts of water of boric acid mixes
It arrives；
(6) pruning: in summer and autumn arid season, will be intertilled before drought, keep loosing soil, reduce moisture evaporation,
Pruning to lemon, trimming when more stay branches and leaves, can penetrate a small amount of sunlight in tree crown as principle, spring, summer, autumn are main
To the timely pinching of excessive growth branch or cutting back, sick branch, deadwood and fruitful branch are mainly wiped out in winter；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: before florescence and in Xie Huahou, lemon fruit tree is carried out with Biocidal fungicide to spray prevention and treatment
Pest and disease damage, in orchard, 1 electronic moth-killing lamp insect-killing trapping of every 5 mu of extensions.The preparation method of the Biocidal fungicide
Are as follows: the galangal after taking drying crushes, and by weight plus 7 times of amount volumetric concentrations are 70% ethyl alcohol, impregnates 4 hours, then heats
Refluxing extraction 3 times, each 0.8h, filtration, merging filtrate obtains galangal extracting solution；According to sapindoside: nimbin: high
Galanga extracting solution=1:1:20 ratio, sapindoside and nimbin are added in galangal extracting solution and are mixed to get biology
Insecticidal bactericide, which is watered by when use 650 times of liquid are made after reuse.
The high-yield planting method of above-mentioned perfume lemon, lemon special fertilizer described in step (5) the preparation method comprises the following steps: 1. pressing
Parts by weight take following raw material for standby: 40 parts of cow dung；35 parts of filter mud of sugar refinery；25 parts of lemon pomace；22 parts of tea seed cake；Potassium fulvate 6
Part；15 parts of humic acid；15 parts of urea；10 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate；5 parts of calcium superphosphate；13 parts of lignin；2 parts of middle trace element fertilizer；It is sweet
4 parts of cane molasses；Biological bacteria is 0.8 part；The middle microelement be containing magnesium, zinc, manganese, iron, boron, copper, molybdenum fertilizer；It is wherein each
Element and weight ratio are as follows: magnesium: zinc: manganese: iron: boron: copper: molybdenum=1:0.8:0.5:0.5:0.6:0.3:0.3, these elements come respectively
Derived from ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid disodium magnesium salt salt, lignin sulfonic acid zinc, manganese sulfate, fulvic acid diamines iron, boric acid, copper chloride and molybdic acid
Ammonium；The biological bacteria is that bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete, actinomyces, nitrogen-fixing bacteria are mixed by weight 1:1:1:1:1
It closes, the content specification of each microorganism fungus kind is all 200,000,000 every gram or more effective active bacterium, and the biological bacteria is using
Before need to activate, activation process are as follows: biological bacteria is put into 25-30 DEG C of warm water by weight the ratio of 1:100, stand 4h, i.e.,
The biological bacteria activated；
2. by cow dung, filter mud of sugar refinery, lemon pomace, tea seed cake, potassium fulvate, humic acid, calcium superphosphate, lignin, cane molasses,
Biological bacteria is placed in fermentation vat by weight ratio, is stirred evenly, and 62%, 55-60 DEG C of temperature, temperature rises control material moisture
Turning when to 60 DEG C ferments 1.5 months, obtains fermentation materials；
3. fermentation materials are uniformly mixed with urea, calcium magnesium phosphate and middle trace element fertilizer, lemon special fertilizer can be obtained.
Embodiment 3
A kind of high-yield planting method of perfume lemon, comprising the following steps:
(1) select seedling: selection tissue is full, disease-free, the good lemon seedlings of upgrowth situation；
(2) selection of land site preparation: the soil is porous for selection, fertile, draining is good, soil pH value is between 5.5-6.5, separate pollution sources
Plot as plantation, and plough deeply plantation field；
(3) planting pit prepares: planting pit is dug before plant, 55 × 55 × 55 centimetres of specification, 50 kilograms of every cave organic fertilizer crosses phosphorus
0.5 kilogram of sour calcium mixes fertilizer and soil, and earthing is made into the field planting pier of high unearthed 20 centimetres of plane；
(4) it is colonized: setting 5 meters of sapling line-spacing, 4 meters of spacing in the rows when field planting；A pitting is dug at planting pit center when planting seedling, seedling
It is put into hole, side earthing Bian Ligen, gently mentions seedling root, and light firming earth, make root system and soil intimate engagement, the depth of planting is answered
Consistent with nursery phase mud trace, rootstock is basseted, and after plant, is first sufficiently poured water, and entirely set disk with rice straw mulching；
(5) fertilizer and water management after planting: after seedling planting, watering depending on weather condition, ground moistening is kept, 1 after lemon seedlings field planting
The moon starts to apply first time liquid manure, carries out a water and fertilizer irrigation every 1.5-2 months later；The liquid manure the preparation method comprises the following steps: will
According to parts by weight, people and animals are urinated 50 parts；20 parts of lemon pomace；40 parts of tea seed cake；25 parts of cow dung；5 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP)；Ammonium humate
5 parts and 1 part of boric acid are put into fermentation vat, and said mixture material per kilogram raw material injects 60 kg of water, filter within fermentation 10 days or more
It obtains；Annual autumn application of organic fertilizers, i.e., 70% decomposed+10% straw of tea seed cake of decomposed animal wastes+20% are mixed after treelet field planting
Obtained organic fertilizer is closed, dose is that 350kg is sprayed after annual lemon fruit tree takes out spring bud with lemon special foliar fertilizer per acre
Apply it is primary, every year fruit tree thank spend after take out the hair phase to fruit expanding period and autumn growth and respectively apply that lemon special fertilizer is primary, and every plant is applied
Add 8 kilograms of lemon special fertilizer, every year before fruit tree blooms, young fruit period and fruit expanding period sprayed with lemon special foliar fertilizer
It applies；The lemon special foliar fertilizer the preparation method comprises the following steps: in parts by weight by 15 parts of urea；10 parts of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate；Humic acid
5 parts of potassium；8 parts of molasses；1 part of citric acid chelated zinc；1 part of manganese sulfate；1 part of ferrous sulfate；1.5 parts and 600 parts of water of boric acid mix
It arrives；
(6) pruning: in summer and autumn arid season, will be intertilled before drought, keep loosing soil, reduce moisture evaporation,
Pruning to lemon, trimming when more stay branches and leaves, can penetrate a small amount of sunlight in tree crown as principle, spring, summer, autumn are main
To the timely pinching of excessive growth branch or cutting back, sick branch, deadwood and fruitful branch are mainly wiped out in winter；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: before florescence and in Xie Huahou, lemon fruit tree is carried out with Biocidal fungicide to spray prevention and treatment
Pest and disease damage, in orchard, 1 electronic moth-killing lamp insect-killing trapping of every 5 mu of extensions.The preparation method of the Biocidal fungicide
Are as follows: the galangal after taking drying crushes, and by weight plus 8 times of amount volumetric concentrations are 65% ethyl alcohol, impregnates 5 hours, then heats
Refluxing extraction 3 times, 1.0 h, filtration, merging filtrate obtain galangal extracting solution every time；According to sapindoside: nimbin:
Galangal extracting solution=1:1:20 ratio, sapindoside and nimbin are added in galangal extracting solution and are mixed to get life
Object insecticidal bactericide, which is watered by when use 700 times of liquid are made after reuse.
The high-yield planting method of above-mentioned perfume lemon, lemon special fertilizer described in step (5) the preparation method comprises the following steps: 1. pressing
Parts by weight take following raw material for standby: 45 parts of cow dung；40 parts of filter mud of sugar refinery；30 parts of lemon pomace；25 parts of tea seed cake；Potassium fulvate 8
Part；20 parts of humic acid；20 parts of urea；12 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate；7 parts of calcium superphosphate；15 parts of lignin；3 parts of middle trace element fertilizer；It is sweet
5 parts of cane molasses；Biological bacteria is 1 part；The middle microelement be containing magnesium, zinc, manganese, iron, boron, copper, molybdenum fertilizer；Wherein each member
Element and weight ratio are as follows: magnesium: zinc: manganese: iron: boron: copper: molybdenum=1:0.8:0.5:0.5:0.6:0.3:0.3, these elements distinguish source
In ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid disodium magnesium salt salt, lignin sulfonic acid zinc, manganese sulfate, fulvic acid diamines iron, boric acid, copper chloride and ammonium molybdate；
The biological bacteria be bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete, actinomyces, nitrogen-fixing bacteria by weight 1:1:1:1:1 mix and
At the content specification of each microorganism fungus kind is all 200,000,000 every gram or more effective active bacterium, and the biological bacteria is needed before use
Activate, activation process are as follows: by biological bacteria by weight biological bacteria: water=1:100 ratio is put into 25-30 DEG C of warm water, quiet
5h is set to get the biological bacteria of activation is arrived；
2. by cow dung, filter mud of sugar refinery, lemon pomace, tea seed cake, potassium fulvate, humic acid, calcium superphosphate, lignin, cane molasses,
Biological bacteria is placed in fermentation vat by weight ratio, is stirred evenly, and 65%, 55-60 DEG C of temperature, temperature rises control material moisture
Turning when to 60 DEG C fermentation one month or more, obtains fermentation materials；
3. fermentation materials are uniformly mixed with urea, calcium magnesium phosphate and middle trace element fertilizer, lemon special fertilizer can be obtained.
Application effect
Lemon of the high-yield planting method of perfume lemon when planting perfume lemon second year and third year in the embodiment of the present invention 2
Fruit tree be averaged strain yield and fruit quality it is as shown in table 1 below: the high-yield planting method of perfume lemon of the present invention plantation perfume
Spray prevention and treatment pest and disease damage to lemon fruit tree with Biocidal fungicide when lemon second year, different bearing stage to disease and
The control efficiency of insect pest is as shown in table 2:
It is above-mentioned as it can be seen that using perfume lemon of the present invention high-yield planting method plant perfume lemon average strain yield it is very high, and
Previous lemon implantation methods are compared, and using this method plantation perfume lemon output increased 15% or more, and planting cost is big
It is big to reduce.And the present invention carries out lemon fruit tree to spray prevention and treatment pest and disease damage using Biocidal fungicide in planting process, it is right
Lemon fruit tree diseases and pests are prevented and treated, good desinsection, expelling parasite, sterilization, antibacterial effect is played, reduces the incidence of pest and disease damage,
Not only safety and environmental protection, but also the cost of plantation lemon fruit tree is significantly reduced, the perfume lemon yield height and fruit planted
A big full, full of nutrition, juice gives off a strong fragrance, and good quality is in good taste.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of high-yield planting method of perfume lemon, which comprises the following steps:
(1) select seedling: selection tissue is full, disease-free, the good lemon seedlings of upgrowth situation；
(2) selection of land site preparation: the soil is porous for selection, fertile, draining is good, soil pH value is between 5.5-6.5, separate pollution sources
Plot as plantation, and plough deeply plantation field；
(3) planting pit prepares: digging planting pit before plant, and 55 × 55 × 55 centimetres of specification, 30~50 kilograms of every cave organic fertilizer,
0.5~1 kilogram of calcium superphosphate, fertilizer and soil are mixed, and earthing is made into the field planting pier of high unearthed 20 centimetres of plane；
(4) it is colonized: setting 4.5-5 meters of sapling line-spacing, 4-3 meters of spacing in the rows when field planting；It plants one small in the digging of planting pit center when seedling
Hole, seedling is put into hole, side earthing Bian Ligen, is gently mentioned seedling root, and light firming earth, is made root system and soil intimate engagement, plant
Planting depth should be consistent with nursery phase mud trace, and rootstock is basseted, and after plant, first sufficiently pours water, and with straw or covering with ground sheeting
Entire tree disk；
(5) fertilizer and water management after planting: after seedling planting, watering depending on weather condition, ground moistening is kept, 1 after lemon seedlings field planting
The moon starts to apply first time liquid manure, carries out a water and fertilizer irrigation every 1.5-2 months later；There is annual autumn application after treelet field planting
Machine fertilizer, i.e., the organic fertilizer that 70% decomposed+10% straw of tea seed cake of decomposed animal wastes+20% is mixed to get, dose are per acre
300-350kg after annual lemon fruit tree takes out spring bud, spray once with lemon special foliar fertilizer, is thanking to flower in fruit tree every year
Taking out the hair phase to fruit expanding period and autumn growth afterwards, respectively to apply lemon special fertilizer primary, and every plant 5-8 kilograms of special fertilizer of application lemon, every year
Before fruit tree blooms, young fruit period and fruit expanding period sprayed with lemon special foliar fertilizer；
(6) pruning: in summer and autumn arid season, will be intertilled before drought, keep loosing soil, reduce moisture evaporation,
Pruning to lemon, trimming when more stay branches and leaves, can penetrate a small amount of sunlight in tree crown as principle, spring, summer, autumn are main
To the timely pinching of excessive growth branch or cutting back, sick branch, deadwood and fruitful branch are mainly wiped out in winter；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: before florescence and in Xie Huahou, lemon fruit tree is carried out with Biocidal fungicide to spray prevention and treatment
Pest and disease damage, in orchard, 1 electronic moth-killing lamp insect-killing trapping of every 5 mu of extensions.
2. the high-yield planting method of perfume lemon according to claim 1, which is characterized in that liquid manure described in step (5)
The preparation method comprises the following steps: will according to parts by weight, by people and animals urinate 20-50 parts；10-20 parts of lemon pomace；30-40 parts of tea seed cake；Cow dung
20-25 parts；3-5 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP)；3-5 parts and boric acid 0.5-1 parts of ammonium humate are put into fermentation vat, the every public affairs of said mixture material
Jin raw material injects 60 kg of water, is obtained by filtration within fermentation 10 days or more.
3. the high-yield planting method of perfume lemon according to claim 1, which is characterized in that lemon described in step (5)
Special foliar fertilizer the preparation method comprises the following steps: by 10-15 parts of urea of parts by weight；8-10 parts of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate；Potassium humate 3-5
Part；5-8 parts of molasses；0.5-1 parts of citric acid chelated zinc；0.5-1 parts of manganese sulfate；0.5-1 parts of ferrous sulfate；0.5-1.5 parts of boric acid
It is mixed to get with 400-600 parts of water.
4. the high-yield planting method of perfume lemon according to claim 1, which is characterized in that lemon described in step (5)
Special fertilizer the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1. taking following raw material for standby in parts by weight: 35-45 parts of cow dung；30-40 parts of filter mud of sugar refinery；20-30 parts of lemon pomace；Tea
It is 20-25 parts withered；5-8 parts of potassium fulvate；10-20 parts of humic acid；10-20 parts of urea；8-12 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate；Calcium superphosphate 4-7
Part；10-15 parts of lignin；Middle trace element fertilizer 1-3 parts；3-5 parts of cane molasses；Biological bacteria is 0.5-1 parts；
2. by cow dung, filter mud of sugar refinery, lemon pomace, tea seed cake, potassium fulvate, humic acid, calcium superphosphate, lignin, cane molasses,
Biological bacteria is placed in fermentation vat by weight ratio, is stirred evenly, and control material moisture is in 60-65%, and 55-60 DEG C of temperature, in temperature
Turning when rising to 60 DEG C fermentation one month or more, obtains fermentation materials；
3. fermentation materials are uniformly mixed with urea, calcium magnesium phosphate and middle trace element fertilizer, lemon special fertilizer can be obtained.
5. the high-yield planting method of perfume lemon according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the system of the lemon special fertilizer
In Preparation Method, the middle microelement be containing magnesium, zinc, manganese, iron, boron, copper, molybdenum fertilizer；Wherein each element and weight ratio are as follows:
Magnesium: zinc: manganese: iron: boron: copper: molybdenum=1:0.8:0.5:0.5:0.6:0.3:0.3, these elements are respectively derived from ethylenediamine tetrem
Acid disodium magnesium salts, lignin sulfonic acid zinc, manganese sulfate, fulvic acid diamines iron, boric acid, copper chloride and ammonium molybdate.
6. the high-yield planting method of perfume lemon according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the system of the lemon special fertilizer
In Preparation Method, the biological bacteria is bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete, actinomyces, nitrogen-fixing bacteria by weight 1:1:1:
1:1 is mixed, and the content specification of each microorganism fungus kind is all 200,000,000 every gram or more effective active bacterium, the biological bacteria
Need to activate before use, activation process are as follows: by biological bacteria by weight biological bacteria: water=1:100 ratio is put into 25-30 DEG C
In warm water, 3-5h is stood to get the biological bacteria of activation is arrived.
7. the high-yield planting method of perfume lemon according to claim 1, which is characterized in that biology described in step (7)
Insecticidal bactericide the preparation method comprises the following steps: take it is dry after galangal, crush, by weight plus 5-8 times to measure volumetric concentration be 65-75%
Ethyl alcohol, impregnate 3-5 hour, then heating and refluxing extraction 3 times, each 0.5-1.0 h, filter, merging filtrate obtains galangal
Extracting solution；According to sapindoside: nimbin: galangal extracting solution=1:1:20 ratio, by sapindoside and nimbin
It is added in galangal extracting solution and is mixed to get Biocidal fungicide, which is watered by when use is made
It is reused after 600~700 times of liquid.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111670744A (en) * | 2020-06-13 | 2020-09-18 | 北京第五季生态科技股份有限公司 | Method for cultivating lemons in suburb facilities |
| CN111903409A (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-11-10 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | Cultivation method for promoting early fruiting and high yield of lemons |
| CN112243783A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-01-22 | 重庆丰衣谷农业科技有限公司 | Organic planting method for lemons |
| WO2021094794A1 (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2021-05-20 | Herbafarm-Magnolija D.O.O. | Composition for fertilization and treating trees, shrubs and climbing plants with programmed release of the active substance that at the injection location induces formation of a clump of young roots that become the "mount of the tree" |
| CN113317108A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-08-31 | 宜宾学院 | Lemon production and cultivation method capable of effectively reducing lemon yellow vein disease |
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| CN113317108A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-08-31 | 宜宾学院 | Lemon production and cultivation method capable of effectively reducing lemon yellow vein disease |
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