CN109105133A - A kind of blueberry implantation methods - Google Patents
A kind of blueberry implantation methods Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109105133A CN109105133A CN201811074085.2A CN201811074085A CN109105133A CN 109105133 A CN109105133 A CN 109105133A CN 201811074085 A CN201811074085 A CN 201811074085A CN 109105133 A CN109105133 A CN 109105133A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- blueberry
- soil
- fertilizer
- branch
- parts
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of blueberry implantation methods, comprising the following steps: field selection, consolidation, field planting, selection of seedling, plantation density, pollinizers collocation, soil management, weed fertilizer management, soil moisturizing, fertilising, trimming, pest control and winter management；The method of the present invention is by using self-control fertilizer, and scientific management in addition, so that blueberry yield be made to be improved, the method is simple and easy, low in cost, is conducive to promote.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of blueberry implantation methods, belong to fruit tree field.
Background technique
Blueberry (bluebury) is also known as blueberry or blue berry, be grew up in 20th century be suitable on red-yellow soil growth,
The higher emerging excellent fruit tree of economic value.In its fruit in addition to containing the organic acid in general fruit, vitamin and mineral,
Anthocyanidin, unsaturated fatty acid, ellagic acid and trace elements K also rich in, calcium, zinc, iron etc., V, E and B family vitamin
Content in blueberry is also than more prominent.Wherein ellagic acid is high-content in generally acknowledged cancer-resisting substance, especially Blueberry
Pattern glucoside pigment has unique effects to the fatigue and raising night vision that mitigate eyes through medical evidence.It is anticancer, prevention
Thrombus and artery sclerosis, the very reliable health food for resisting urinary system infection contamination, prevention heart disease and anti-aging, quilt
International food and agricultural organization is classified as one of big healthy food of the mankind five.Blueberry not only has good health-care effect, but also color
It is bright-coloured, it is in dark red, is natural pigment top quality so far.Blueberry is adaptable, impoverishment tolerant, and pest and disease damage is few, cultivation management
It is simple and easy to do.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of blueberry implantation methods, realize particular by following technical scheme:
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that: a kind of blueberry implantation methods, including following step
It is rapid:
S001: it field selection: according to the annidation of blueberry, first determines the suitable suitable planting area domain of weather conditions, then carries out
The selection for planting plot selects release kind according to this area weather conditions, and the gradient is no more than 10 °, under mountainous region selects in tailo
Portion, gradient maximum is no more than 15 °；
S002: it arranges soil: adjusting P in soil H value to 4.0-5.0, adjust soil organic matter content 8%-12%, soil is carried out deep
It turns over, depth 35-45cm, guarantees loosing soil, aeration is good；
S003: field planting: the spring planting of North of Huai River area, autumn plantation are easy by freeze injury.Implantation time is in the 3-4 month, and in nursery stock
Plant before sprouting sprouts.To keep soil moisture, organic matter, cladding thickness 10-15cm are covered on the surface of planting furrow；
S004: selection of seedling: selecting the biennial nursery stock of high survival rate, and seedling height is greater than 30cm, and at least one kind of nursery stock of simultaneous selection is cooked
Pollinizers improve yield；
S005: plantation density: plantation density is 1~1.5m × 2~3m high clump blueberry；Plantation density is 1.5m × 2~2.5m
Vaccinium ashei；
S006: pollinizers collocation: blue rich blueberry and Vaccinium ashei are arranged in pairs or groups, and improve fruit quality and yield, and blend proportion is 2~3:
1, wherein select Vaccinium ashei for pollination blueberry, blue rich 2~3 row of blueberry, 1 row of Vaccinium ashei；
S007: soil management:, unrooted hair feature shallower, very thin according to blueberry Root Distribution, chesson keep soil aeration；
S008: weed fertilizer management: inter-row green covering is used, uses herbicide in row, is thoroughly removed before sapling is planted using herbicide
Weeds, blueberry sow green manure in full garden after being colonized, and the green manure is Trifolium repense and/or red clover leguminous plant, 2-3
To cover full garden, enhance soil fertility；
S009: soil moisturizing: since blueberry has hygrophilous characteristic, ripe sawdust, leaf mould are covered, on soil to keep soil wet
Degree reduces earth's surface transpiration, increases soil organic matter content, optimizes soil texture, reduces P in soil H, controls weeds propagation and widespread,
It irrigates weekly primary；
S010: the rational application of fertilizer: since blueberry is low to fertilizer demand, excessive fertilising can injure tree body, by applying organic fertilizer or nitrogen
Phosphorus potassium mineral matter fertilizer increases survival rate, and wherein the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium three is 1:2:1；Plantation blueberry the first two years apply per acre
Nitrogen 4kg, phosphorus 8kg and potassium 4kg, while applying self-control fertilizer, self-control fertilizer is chicken manure, pig manure, cow dung and urea mixed bacteria liquid
Mixed fertilizer, chicken manure, pig manure, cow dung and urea mixed bacteria liquid ratio be 0.5~1:0.5~1:5~8:0.05~0.01:
0.01-0.05；That plants blueberry applies nitrogen 8kg, phosphorus 16kg and potassium 8kg in third year and later time；
S011: fertilizing method: applying fertilizer away from root 15-20cm ring-type, depth 10-15cm, if trunk infusion is bad should to be added to apply
Fertilizer；
S012: fertilization time: carrying out before early spring rudiment, applies fertilizer 2 times, is spaced 15-30 days；It refertilizes 1 time in the berry turn ripe phase；
S013: blueberry trimming: blue rich blueberry and Vaccinium ashei are trimmed；
S014: pesticide spraying periodically pest control: is carried out to blueberry tree；
S015: winter management: blue Fenghe lagophthalmos is handled using bagging, guarantees that safety is passed the winter, lowers the death rate, lower the underproduction
Rate.
In a kind of blueberry implantation methods above-mentioned, the self-control fertilizer, including following mass parts raw material: chicken manure 50~
100 parts, 50~100 parts of pig manure, 500~800 parts of cow dung, 5~10 parts of urea.
In a kind of blueberry implantation methods above-mentioned, the self-control fertilizer, including following preparation step:
Chicken manure, pig manure and cow dung mix rear enclosed, and 35~42 DEG C, anaerobic fermentation 5~7 days obtain mixing muck；
Urea is uniformly sprayed into fermentation liquid and is mixed on muck, 35~42 DEG C of closings are fermented 2~3 days, and fertilizer processed is both derived from.
In a kind of blueberry implantation methods above-mentioned, the fermentation liquid, including following mass parts bacterium solution: 5~10 parts of yeast,
4~8 parts of wooden decomposer, 2~4 parts of Bifidobacterium, 2~4 parts of bacillus, 1~3 part of acetic acid bacteria, effective work of every kind of bacterium solution
Bacterium number >=15,000,000,000/ml.
In a kind of blueberry implantation methods above-mentioned, the blueberry trimming, including following methods:
The method of the blue rich blueberry of trimming includes: the main retentively upper and underground balancing of treelet trimming, and tree crown is promoted to be formed；
After field planting 1 year to go based on bud, promote root growth, expand tree crown and increase branch amount；
After field planting 2 years to go based on bud, promote root growth, expand tree crown and increase branch amount；
Base portion sprig, sick branch are cut off within 3 years after field planting, promotes tree crown upright, it is liftoff to keep fruit after result, and control yield and exist
Every plant of 1kg；
Base portion sprig, sick branch are cut off within 4 years after field planting, promotes tree crown upright, keeps fruit after result liftoff, no longer controls every plant
Yield；
The 3rd year later purpose at age tree-pruning is to obtain high quality fruit and higher yield；
The method of trimming Vaccinium ashei includes: the branch overstocked to the weak branch in 1~2 year treelet trimming lower part and tree crown；
To 3 years or more at age veteran pollarding top and interior thorax, prevents tree crown excessively high and interior thorax is overstocked；
To the major branch more than 5~6 years, close branch, withe, weak branch, crossing branch and sick branch are trimmed, while the update that needs to bounce back.
In a kind of blueberry implantation methods above-mentioned, the pest control, including following methods: North China, annual May
Just, 300-500 times being diluted with 50% carbendazim and 80% DDVP diluting 1000-1200 times, mixing spray 2 times sprays interval
Phase is 3-4 weeks；
800-1000 times is diluted with 2.5% decis and 50% carbendazim dilutes 300~500 times of mixing sprays annual 9~October
Leaching 2 times, spray interval are 2~3 weeks, spray interval 1~5 day according to this year-climate and the increase and decrease of pest and disease damage situation.
Compared with prior art, the present invention by special fermentation liquid and a certain proportion of chicken manure, pig manure, cow dung, urea into
Row anaerobic fermentation, the urea of addition can provide nitrogen source for fermentative microorganism, and finally obtained self-control fertilizer can not only improve soil
Fertility can more make loosing soil, and aeration is good, and nutrition and edaphic condition necessary to the growth for blueberry provide good guarantor
Barrier and unique blueberry pruning method and pest control method provide science side for keep-alive, the strong, volume increase of blueberry
Method and foundation.Blueberry is obtained by using blueberry implantation methods kind of the present invention to have good quality.The method of the present invention takes simple science
Blueberry Cultivate administration method flow, not only increases blueberry yield, reduces production cost, ensure that blueberry survival rate, is easy to
Popularization facilitates feasible.
Specific embodiment
A kind of embodiment 1: implantation methods of blueberry, comprising the following steps: S001: field selection: according to the ecology of blueberry
Adaptability first determines the suitable suitable planting area domain of weather conditions, then carries out the selection in plantation plot；According to this area weather conditions
Selection release kind；The gradient is no more than 10 °, and mountainous region selects tailo middle and lower part, and gradient maximum is no more than 15 °；
S002: it arranges soil: adjusting P in soil H value to 4.0, adjust soil organic matter content 8%, soil is ploughed deeply, depth
For 35cm, guarantee loosing soil, aeration is good；S003: field planting: the spring planting of North of Huai River area, autumn plantation are easy by freeze injury.
Implantation time is in 3~April, and the plant before nursery stock sprouting sprouts.To keep soil moisture, on the surface of planting furrow, covering is organic
Matter, cladding thickness 10cm；S004: selection of seedling: selecting the biennial nursery stock of high survival rate, and seedling height is greater than 30cm, together
When select at least one kind of nursery stock to do pollinizers, improve yield；S005: plantation density: plantation density is the high clump blueberry of 1m × 2m；
Plantation density is the Vaccinium ashei of 1.5m × 2m；S006: pollinizers collocation: blue rich blueberry and Vaccinium ashei are arranged in pairs or groups, and fruit is improved
Quality and yield, blend proportion 2:1, wherein select Vaccinium ashei for pollination blueberry, and blue rich 2 row of blueberry, 1 row of Vaccinium ashei；
S007: soil management:, unrooted hair feature shallower, very thin according to blueberry Root Distribution, chesson keep soil aeration；
S008: weed fertilizer management: using inter-row green covering, use herbicide in row, thoroughly remove weeds using herbicide before sapling is planted,
Blueberry sows green manure in full garden after being colonized, and the green manure is Trifolium repense and/or red clover leguminous plant, can cover within 2~3 years
Gai Quanyuan enhances soil fertility；S009: since blueberry has hygrophilous characteristic, ripe sawdust, corruption soil moisturizing: are covered on soil
Leaf soil reduces earth's surface transpiration to keep soil moisture, increases soil organic matter content, optimizes soil texture, reduces soil
PH controls weeds propagation and widespread, irrigates weekly primary；S010: the rational application of fertilizer: since blueberry is low to fertilizer demand, excessive fertilising can hurt
Evil tree body increases survival rate by applying organic fertilizer or N P and K mineral fertilizer, and wherein the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium three is 1:2:
1；Plantation blueberry the first two years apply nitrogen 4kg, phosphorus 8kg and potassium 4kg per acre, while applying self-control fertilizer, and self-control fertilizer is chicken manure, pig
Excrement, cow dung and urea mixed bacteria liquid mixed fertilizer, chicken manure, pig manure, cow dung and urea mixed bacteria liquid ratio be 0.5:0.5:
5:0.05:0.01；That plants blueberry applies nitrogen 8kg, phosphorus 16kg and potassium 8kg in third year and later time；S011: fertilizing method:
It applies fertilizer away from root 15cm ring-type, depth 10cm, if trunk infusion is bad should to be added to apply fertilizer；S012: it fertilization time: is sprouted in early spring
It carries out, applies fertilizer 2 times before bud, be spaced 15~30 days；It refertilizes 1 time in the berry turn ripe phase；S013: blueberry trimming: to blue rich blueberry
It is trimmed with Vaccinium ashei；S014: pesticide spraying periodically pest control: is carried out to blueberry tree；S015: winter management: to indigo plant
Fenghe lagophthalmos is handled using bagging, guarantees that safety is passed the winter, and is lowered the death rate, is lowered underproduction rate.
A kind of embodiment 2: implantation methods of blueberry, comprising the following steps: S001: field selection: according to the ecology of blueberry
Adaptability first determines the suitable suitable planting area domain of weather conditions, then carries out the selection in plantation plot.According to this area weather conditions
Selection release kind.The gradient is no more than 10 °, and mountainous region selects tailo middle and lower part, and gradient maximum is no more than 15 °；S002: soil is arranged
Ground: P in soil H value is adjusted to 5.0, soil organic matter content 12% is adjusted, soil is ploughed deeply, depth 45cm, guarantee soil
Loose, aeration is good；S003: field planting: the spring planting of North of Huai River area, autumn plantation are easy by freeze injury.Implantation time is 3~4
Month, and the plant before nursery stock sprouting sprouts.To keep soil moisture, organic matter is covered on the surface of planting furrow, cladding thickness is
15cm；S004: selection of seedling: selecting the biennial nursery stock of high survival rate, and seedling height is greater than 30cm, and simultaneous selection is at least one kind of
Nursery stock is cooked pollinizers, improves yield；S005: plantation density: plantation density is the high clump blueberry of 1.5m × 3m；Plantation density is
The Vaccinium ashei of 1.5m × 2.5m；S006: pollinizers collocation: blue rich blueberry and Vaccinium ashei are arranged in pairs or groups, and fruit quality and production are improved
Amount, blend proportion 3:1, wherein select Vaccinium ashei for pollination blueberry, and blue rich 3 row of blueberry, 1 row of Vaccinium ashei；S007: soil pipe
Reason:, unrooted hair feature shallower, very thin according to blueberry Root Distribution, chesson keep soil aeration；S008: weed fertilizer management:
Using inter-row green covering, herbicide is used in row, weeds are thoroughly removed using herbicide before sapling is planted, after blueberry is colonized
Green manure is sowed in full garden, and the green manure is Trifolium repense and/or red clover leguminous plant, can cover within 2~3 years full garden, enhancing soil
Earth fertility；S009: soil moisturizing: since blueberry has hygrophilous characteristic, covering ripe sawdust, leaf mould on soil, to keep soil
Earth humidity reduces earth's surface transpiration, increases soil organic matter content, optimizes soil texture, reduces P in soil H, and control weeds grow
It is raw, it irrigates weekly primary；S010: the rational application of fertilizer: since blueberry is low to fertilizer demand, excessive fertilising can injure tree body, by applying
Organic fertilizer or N P and K mineral fertilizer is added to increase survival rate, wherein the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium three is 1:2:1；Before planting blueberry
Apply nitrogen 4kg, phosphorus 8kg and potassium 4kg per acre, while applying self-control fertilizer within 2 years, self-control fertilizer is chicken manure, pig manure, cow dung and urine
The mixed fertilizer of plain mixed bacteria liquid, chicken manure, pig manure, cow dung and urea mixed bacteria liquid ratio be 1:1:8:0.01:0.05；Plantation
The third year of blueberry and later time apply nitrogen 8kg, phosphorus 16kg and potassium 8kg；S011: it fertilizing method: is applied away from root 20cm ring-type
Fertilizer, depth 15cm, if trunk infusion is bad should to be added to apply fertilizer；S012: fertilization time: carrying out before early spring rudiment, fertilising 2
It is secondary, it is spaced 15~30 days；It refertilizes 1 time in the berry turn ripe phase；S013: blueberry trimming: blue rich blueberry and Vaccinium ashei are carried out
Trimming；S014: pesticide spraying periodically pest control: is carried out to blueberry tree；S015: winter management: to blue Fenghe lagophthalmos using set
Bag processing guarantees that safety is passed the winter, and lowers the death rate, lowers underproduction rate.The self-control fertilizer, including following mass parts raw material:
50 parts of chicken manure, 50 parts of pig manure, 500 parts of cow dung, 5 parts of urea.
A kind of embodiment 3: implantation methods of blueberry, comprising the following steps: S001: field selection: according to the ecology of blueberry
Adaptability first determines the suitable suitable planting area domain of weather conditions, then carries out the selection in plantation plot.According to this area weather conditions
Selection release kind.The gradient is no more than 10 °, and mountainous region selects tailo middle and lower part, and gradient maximum is no more than 15 °；S002: soil is arranged
Ground: P in soil H value is adjusted to 4.5, soil organic matter content 10% is adjusted, soil is ploughed deeply, depth 40cm, guarantee soil
Loose, aeration is good；S003: field planting: the spring planting of North of Huai River area, autumn plantation are easy by freeze injury.Implantation time is 3~4
Month, and the plant before nursery stock sprouting sprouts.To keep soil moisture, organic matter is covered on the surface of planting furrow, cladding thickness is
10~15cm；S004: selection of seedling: selecting the biennial nursery stock of high survival rate, and seedling height is greater than 30cm, and simultaneous selection is at least
1 kind of nursery stock is cooked pollinizers, improves yield；S005: plantation density: plantation density is the high clump blueberry of 1.3m × 1.5m；It plants close
Degree is the Vaccinium ashei of 1.5m × 2.3m；S006: pollinizers collocation: blue rich blueberry and Vaccinium ashei are arranged in pairs or groups, and fruit quality is improved
And yield, blend proportion 2.5:1, wherein select Vaccinium ashei for pollination blueberry, and blue rich 2 row of blueberry, 1 row of Vaccinium ashei；S007:
Soil management:, unrooted hair feature shallower, very thin according to blueberry Root Distribution, chesson keep soil aeration；S008: weed fertilizer
Management: using inter-row green covering, use herbicide in row, thoroughly removes weeds, blueberry field planting using herbicide before sapling is planted
After full garden sow green manure, the green manure is Trifolium repense and/or red clover leguminous plant, full garden can be covered within 2~3 years,
Enhance soil fertility；S009: soil moisturizing: since blueberry has hygrophilous characteristic, covering ripe sawdust, leaf mould on soil, with
Soil moisture is kept, earth's surface transpiration is reduced, increases soil organic matter content, optimizes soil texture, reduces P in soil H, control
Weeds propagation and widespread is irrigated weekly primary；S010: the rational application of fertilizer: since blueberry is low to fertilizer demand, excessive fertilising can injure tree body,
Increase survival rate by applying organic fertilizer or N P and K mineral fertilizer, wherein the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium three is 1:2:1；Plantation
Blueberry the first two years apply nitrogen 4kg, phosphorus 8kg and potassium 4kg per acre, while applying self-control fertilizer, and self-control fertilizer is chicken manure, pig manure, ox
The mixed fertilizer of excrement and urea mixed bacteria liquid, chicken manure, pig manure, cow dung and urea mixed bacteria liquid ratio be 0.8:0.8:7:
0.03:0.03；That plants blueberry applies nitrogen 8kg, phosphorus 16kg and potassium 8kg in third year and later time；S011: fertilizing method: away from
The fertilising of root 18cm ring-type, depth 13cm, if trunk infusion is bad should to be added to apply fertilizer；S012: fertilization time: in early spring rudiment
Preceding progress is applied fertilizer 2 times, every 20 days；It refertilizes 1 time in the berry turn ripe phase；S013: blueberry trimming: to blue rich blueberry and lagophthalmos
Blueberry is trimmed；S014: pesticide spraying periodically pest control: is carried out to blueberry tree；S015: winter management: to blue Fenghe rabbit
Eye is handled using bagging, guarantees that safety is passed the winter, and is lowered the death rate, is lowered underproduction rate.
Further, the self-control fertilizer, including following mass parts raw material: 80 parts of chicken manure, 80 parts of pig manure, cow dung 650
Part, 8 parts of urea.
Further, the self-control fertilizer, including following preparation step: 1) chicken manure, pig manure and cow dung mix rear enclosed,
35~42 DEG C, anaerobic fermentation 5~7 days obtain mixing muck；2) urea is uniformly sprayed into fermentation liquid and is mixed on muck, 35
~42 DEG C of closings are fermented 2-3 days, and fertilizer processed is both derived from；Fermentation liquid includes following mass parts bacterium solution: 8 parts of yeast, wooden decomposer 6
Part, 3 parts of Bifidobacterium, 3 parts of bacillus, 2 parts of acetic acid bacteria, the living bacteria count of every kind of bacterium solution >=15,000,000,000/ml.
A kind of embodiment 4: implantation methods of blueberry, comprising the following steps: S001: field selection: according to the ecology of blueberry
Adaptability first determines the suitable suitable planting area domain of weather conditions, then carries out the selection in plantation plot.According to this area weather conditions
Selection release kind.The gradient is no more than 10 °, and mountainous region selects tailo middle and lower part, and gradient maximum is no more than 15 °；S002: soil is arranged
Ground: P in soil H value is adjusted to 4.0-5.0, soil organic matter content 8%-12% is adjusted, soil is ploughed deeply, depth 35-
45cm, guarantees loosing soil, and aeration is good；S003: field planting: the spring planting of North of Huai River area, autumn plantation are easy by freeze injury.Kind
The time is planted in the 3-4 month, and the plant before nursery stock sprouting sprouts.To keep soil moisture, organic matter is covered on the surface of planting furrow,
Cladding thickness is 10-15cm；S004: selection of seedling: selecting the biennial nursery stock of high survival rate, and seedling height is greater than 30cm, together
When select at least one kind of nursery stock to do pollinizers, improve yield；S005: plantation density: plantation density is 1~1.5m × 2~3m height
Clump blueberry；Plantation density is 1.5m × 2~2.5m Vaccinium ashei；S006: pollinizers collocation: blue rich blueberry is taken with Vaccinium ashei
To match, improves fruit quality and yield, blend proportion is 2~3:1, wherein select Vaccinium ashei for pollination blueberry, blue rich blueberry 2~3
Row, 1 row of Vaccinium ashei；S007: soil management:, unrooted hair feature shallower, very thin according to blueberry Root Distribution, chesson, guarantor
Hold soil aeration；S008: weed fertilizer management: using inter-row green covering, use herbicide in row, thorough using herbicide before sapling is planted
Weeds are removed at bottom, and blueberry sows green manure in full garden after being colonized, and the green manure is Trifolium repense and/or red clover leguminous plant, 2~
Full garden can be covered within 3 years, soil fertility is enhanced；S009: it soil moisturizing: since blueberry has hygrophilous characteristic, is covered on soil
Ripe sawdust, leaf mould are covered, to keep soil moisture, earth's surface transpiration is reduced, increases soil organic matter content, optimize soil knot
Structure reduces P in soil H, controls weeds propagation and widespread, irrigates weekly primary；S010: the rational application of fertilizer: since blueberry is low to fertilizer demand, mistake
More fertilisings can injure tree body, increase survival rate by applying organic fertilizer or N P and K mineral fertilizer, wherein nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium three
Ratio is 1:2:1；Plantation blueberry the first two years apply nitrogen 4kg, phosphorus 8kg and potassium 4kg per acre, while applying self-control fertilizer, self-control fertilizer
Material be chicken manure, pig manure, cow dung and urea mixed bacteria liquid mixed fertilizer, chicken manure, pig manure, cow dung and urea mixed bacteria liquid ratio
For 0.5~1:0.5~1:5~8:0.05~0.01:0.01~0.05；That plants blueberry applies nitrogen in third year and later time
8kg, phosphorus 16kg and potassium 8kg；S011: fertilizing method: applying fertilizer away from root 15~20cm ring-type, 10~15cm of depth, if tree body
Nutrition is bad should to be added to apply fertilizer；S012: fertilization time: carrying out before early spring rudiment, applies fertilizer 2 times, is spaced 15~30 days；In berry
Turn the ripe phase refertilize 1 time；S013: blueberry trimming: blue rich blueberry and Vaccinium ashei are trimmed；S014: pest control: periodically
Pesticide spraying is carried out to blueberry tree；S015: winter management: blue Fenghe lagophthalmos is handled using bagging, guarantees that safety is passed the winter, lowers
The death rate lowers underproduction rate.
Further, the self-control fertilizer, including following mass parts raw material: 50~100 parts of chicken manure, pig manure 50~100
Part, 500~800 parts of cow dung, 5~10 parts of urea.
Further, the self-control fertilizer, including following preparation step: 1) chicken manure, pig manure and cow dung mix rear enclosed,
35~42 DEG C, anaerobic fermentation 5~7 days obtain mixing muck；2) urea is uniformly sprayed into fermentation liquid and is mixed on muck, 35
~42 DEG C of closings are fermented 2~3 days, and fertilizer processed is both derived from.The fermentation liquid, including following mass parts bacterium solution: yeast 5~10
Part, 4~8 parts of wooden decomposer, 2~4 parts of Bifidobacterium, 2~4 parts of bacillus, 1~3 part of acetic acid bacteria, every kind of bacterium solution it is effective
Viable count >=15,000,000,000/ml.
Further, blueberry trimming, including following methods:
The method of the blue rich blueberry of trimming: the main retentively upper and underground balancing of treelet trimming promotes tree crown to be formed；
After field planting 1 year to go based on bud, promote root growth, expand tree crown and increase branch amount；
After field planting 2 years to go based on bud, promote root growth, expand tree crown and increase branch amount；
Base portion sprig, sick branch are cut off within 3 years after field planting, promotes tree crown upright, it is liftoff to keep fruit after result, and control yield and exist
Every plant of 1kg；
Base portion sprig, sick branch are cut off within 4 years after field planting, promotes tree crown upright, keeps fruit after result liftoff, no longer controls every plant
Yield；
The 3rd year later purpose at age tree-pruning is to obtain high quality fruit and higher yield；
The method for trimming Vaccinium ashei: the overstocked branch of the weak branch in treelet trimming lower part and tree crown to 1~2 year；
To 3 years or more at age veteran pollarding top and interior thorax, prevents tree crown excessively high and interior thorax is overstocked；
To the major branch more than 5~6 years, close branch, withe, weak branch, crossing branch and sick branch are trimmed, while the update that needs to bounce back.
Further, the pest control, including following methods: (1) North China, at the beginning of annual 5 months, with 50% it is more
Bacterium spirit dilutes 300~500 times and 80% DDVP dilutes 1000~1200 times, and mixing spray 2 times, spray interval is 3~4 weeks；
800~1000 times are diluted with 2.5% decis and 50% carbendazim dilutes 300~500 times of mixing sprays 2 (2) 9~October
It is secondary,
Spraying interval is 2~3 weeks, is spaced 1~5 day according to this year-climate and pest and disease damage situation increase and decrease spray.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of blueberry implantation methods, which comprises the following steps:
S001: it field selection: according to the annidation of blueberry, first determines the suitable suitable planting area domain of weather conditions, then carries out
The selection for planting plot selects release kind according to this area weather conditions, and the gradient is no more than 10 °, under mountainous region selects in tailo
Portion, gradient maximum is no more than 15 °；
S002: it arranges soil: adjusting P in soil H value to 4.0~5.0, adjust soil organic matter content 8%~12%, soil is carried out
It ploughs deeply, depth is 35~45cm；
S003: field planting: the spring planting of North of Huai River area, autumn plantation are easy by freeze injury, and implantation time is in 3~April, and in nursery stock
Plant before sprouting sprouts covers organic matter on the surface of planting furrow, cladding thickness is 10~15cm to keep soil moisture；
S004: selection of seedling: selecting the biennial nursery stock of high survival rate, and seedling height is greater than 30cm, and at least one kind of nursery stock of simultaneous selection is cooked
Pollinizers improve yield；
S005: plantation density: plantation density is 1~1.5m × 2~3m high clump blueberry；Plantation density is 1.5m × 2~2.5m
Vaccinium ashei；
S006: pollinizers collocation: blue rich blueberry and Vaccinium ashei are arranged in pairs or groups, and improve fruit quality and yield, and blend proportion is 2~3:
1, wherein select Vaccinium ashei for pollination blueberry, blue rich 2~3 row of blueberry, 1 row of Vaccinium ashei；
S007: soil management:, unrooted hair feature shallower, very thin according to blueberry Root Distribution, chesson keep soil aeration；
S008: weed fertilizer management: inter-row green covering is used, uses herbicide in row, is thoroughly removed before sapling is planted using herbicide
Weeds, blueberry sow green manure in full garden after being colonized, and the green manure is Trifolium repense and/or red clover leguminous plant, and 2~3 years i.e.
Full garden can be covered, soil fertility is enhanced；
S009: soil moisturizing: since blueberry has hygrophilous characteristic, ripe sawdust, leaf mould are covered, on soil to keep soil wet
Degree reduces earth's surface transpiration, increases soil organic matter content, optimizes soil texture, reduces P in soil H, controls weeds propagation and widespread,
It irrigates weekly primary；
S010: the rational application of fertilizer: since blueberry is low to fertilizer demand, excessive fertilising can injure tree body, by applying organic fertilizer or nitrogen
Phosphorus potassium mineral matter fertilizer increases survival rate, and wherein the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium three is 1:2:1；Plantation blueberry the first two years apply per acre
Nitrogen 4kg, phosphorus 8kg and potassium 4kg, while applying self-control fertilizer, self-control fertilizer is chicken manure, pig manure, cow dung and urea mixed bacteria liquid
Mixed fertilizer, chicken manure, pig manure, cow dung and urea mixed bacteria liquid ratio be 0.5~1:0.5~1:5~8:0.05~0.01:
0.01~0.05；That plants blueberry applies nitrogen 8kg, phosphorus 16kg and potassium 8kg in third year and later time；
S011: fertilizing method: applying fertilizer away from root 15~20cm ring-type, 10~15cm of depth, if trunk infusion is bad to be added
Fertilising；
S012: fertilization time: carrying out before early spring rudiment, applies fertilizer 2 times, is spaced 15~30 days；Turn the ripe phase in berry and refertilizes 1
It is secondary；
S013: blueberry trimming: blue rich blueberry and Vaccinium ashei are trimmed；
S014: pesticide spraying periodically pest control: is carried out to blueberry tree；
S015: winter management: blue Fenghe lagophthalmos is handled using bagging.
2. blueberry implantation methods as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the self-control fertilizer, including following mass parts
Raw material: 50~100 parts of chicken manure, 50~100 parts of pig manure, 500~800 parts of cow dung, 5~10 parts of urea.
3. blueberry implantation methods as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the self-control fertilizer, including following preparation step
It is rapid:
1) chicken manure, pig manure and cow dung mix rear enclosed, and 35~42 DEG C, anaerobic fermentation 5~7 days obtain mixing muck；
2) urea is uniformly sprayed into fermentation liquid and is mixed on muck, 35~42 DEG C of closings are fermented 2~3 days, and fertilizer processed is both derived from.
4. blueberry implantation methods as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the fermentation liquid, including following mass parts bacterium
Liquid: 5~10 parts of yeast, 4~8 parts of wooden decomposer, 2~4 parts of Bifidobacterium, 2~4 parts of bacillus, 1~3 part of acetic acid bacteria, often
The living bacteria count of kind of bacterium solution >=15,000,000,000/ml.
5. blueberry implantation methods as claimed in claim 4, speciality are, the blueberry trimming, including following methods:
The method of the blue rich blueberry of trimming includes: the main retentively upper and underground balancing of treelet trimming, and tree crown is promoted to be formed；
After field planting 1 year to go based on bud, promote root growth, expand tree crown and increase branch amount；
After field planting 2 years to go based on bud, promote root growth, expand tree crown and increase branch amount；
Base portion sprig, sick branch are cut off within 3 years after field planting, promotes tree crown upright, it is liftoff to keep fruit after result, and control yield and exist
Every plant of 1kg；
Base portion sprig, sick branch are cut off within 4 years after field planting, promotes tree crown upright, keeps fruit after result liftoff, no longer controls every plant
Yield；
The 3rd year later purpose at age tree-pruning is to obtain high quality fruit and higher yield；
The method of trimming Vaccinium ashei includes: the branch overstocked to the weak branch in 1~2 year treelet trimming lower part and tree crown；
To 3 years or more at age veteran pollarding top and interior thorax, prevents tree crown excessively high and interior thorax is overstocked；
To the major branch more than 5~6 years, close branch, withe, weak branch, crossing branch and sick branch are trimmed, while the update that needs to bounce back.
6. the implantation methods of blueberry as claimed in claim 5, speciality are, the pest control, including following methods:
(1) North China, at the beginning of annual 5 months, with 50% carbendazim dilute 300~500 times and 80% DDVP dilute 1000~
1200 times, mixing spray 2 times, spray interval is 3~4 weeks；
800~1000 times are diluted with 2.5% decis and 50% carbendazim dilutes 300~500 times of mixing sprays (2) 9~October
Leaching 2 times, spray interval are 2~3 weeks, spray interval 1~5 day according to this year-climate and the increase and decrease of pest and disease damage situation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811074085.2A CN109105133A (en) | 2018-09-14 | 2018-09-14 | A kind of blueberry implantation methods |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811074085.2A CN109105133A (en) | 2018-09-14 | 2018-09-14 | A kind of blueberry implantation methods |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109105133A true CN109105133A (en) | 2019-01-01 |
Family
ID=64859532
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811074085.2A Pending CN109105133A (en) | 2018-09-14 | 2018-09-14 | A kind of blueberry implantation methods |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109105133A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111345197A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2020-06-30 | 四川农业大学 | Pruning method for promoting formation of blueberry flower buds and improving yield |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106212191A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-14 | 周翠华 | A kind of artificial blue berry high-yield planting method |
| CN107129414A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-09-05 | 安徽高老庄生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of production technology of chicken manure fermentation organic fertilizer |
| CN108157052A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-06-15 | 广东科贸职业学院 | The cultural method of blueberry tree |
-
2018
- 2018-09-14 CN CN201811074085.2A patent/CN109105133A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106212191A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-14 | 周翠华 | A kind of artificial blue berry high-yield planting method |
| CN107129414A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-09-05 | 安徽高老庄生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of production technology of chicken manure fermentation organic fertilizer |
| CN108157052A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-06-15 | 广东科贸职业学院 | The cultural method of blueberry tree |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 杨明: "蓝莓栽培技术", 《现代农业》 * |
| 樊基胜 等: "安徽蓝莓适生地蓝莓丰产栽培技术", 《安徽农业科学》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111345197A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2020-06-30 | 四川农业大学 | Pruning method for promoting formation of blueberry flower buds and improving yield |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103004566B (en) | Planting method of Dendrobium officinale | |
| CN105340554A (en) | Planting method of Chinese wolfberries | |
| CN105165357A (en) | Planting method for high-altitude saline-alkali soil black medlar tree | |
| CN104380962A (en) | Early spring tomato seedling and greenhouse cultivation method | |
| CN105432306A (en) | High-yield planting method of platycodon grandiflorum | |
| CN105309152A (en) | High-yield eggplant planting method | |
| CN106258431A (en) | A kind of black Fructus Lycii field seeding method for culturing seedlings being suitable for arid area | |
| CN105265146A (en) | Method for planting early-matured spring tomato | |
| CN105961113A (en) | Blueberry planting method suitable to be used in red soil hill and planted blueberry | |
| CN105104067A (en) | Wild jujube stock immature stem grafting seedling culturing method for jujube tree in solar greenhouse | |
| CN107018840A (en) | A kind of cultural method of selenium-rich white tea | |
| CN106561455A (en) | Konjak interplanting method | |
| CN109874616A (en) | Panjin alkali ground cultivation method of tomatoes | |
| CN107135756A (en) | The comprehensive and method of prevention and control konjak soft rot | |
| CN113383674A (en) | Planting method of poria cocos | |
| CN104472069A (en) | Planting method of dading balsam pear | |
| CN107371979A (en) | A kind of cultural method of organic tara vine | |
| CN106034681A (en) | Abelmoschus manihot planting technique | |
| CN106034898A (en) | Planting method of bergamot | |
| CN107969308A (en) | A kind of cane planting method | |
| CN105875313A (en) | Planting method for Prunus salicina L | |
| CN104429430A (en) | Method for planting taxuschinensis tea in garden | |
| CN106561241A (en) | Planting method of blueberry seedlings | |
| CN106718569A (en) | A kind of blood orange cuttage and seedling culture and high-yield cultivating method | |
| CN108293757A (en) | A kind of pueraria lobata implantation methods of the resistance to insect pest of high yield |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20190101 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |