CN108157052A - The cultural method of blueberry tree - Google Patents
The cultural method of blueberry tree Download PDFInfo
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- CN108157052A CN108157052A CN201810111747.2A CN201810111747A CN108157052A CN 108157052 A CN108157052 A CN 108157052A CN 201810111747 A CN201810111747 A CN 201810111747A CN 108157052 A CN108157052 A CN 108157052A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0243—Protective shelters for young plants, e.g. tubular sleeves
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
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- Biotechnology (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cultural methods of blueberry tree, are laid with the compost that soil, sandy soil, pine soil and the root-growing agent mixing dug out by opening up planting groove form in planting groove before field planting so that soil environment is more suitable for blueberry sapling and survives.By the way that decomposed mixed fertilizer and soil are mixed mixed fillers; so that contain abundant trace element in the backfill used during field planting; especially tree containing blueberry grows required nitrogen and potassium element etc.; and remain that soil environment is the acidity suitable for the growth of blueberry tree; convenient for blueberry tree Fast Growth; by after field planting First Year winter blueberry tree seedling is protected using attemperator, be conducive to that seedling is smoothly overwintering, improve the survival rate of blueberry tree planting to 92.6%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to arboriculture technical field, more particularly to a kind of cultural method of blueberry tree.
Background technology
Blueberry means the meaning of the berry of blue, and one kind is low shrub, and short-foot is wild, and particle is small, but the content of anthocyanidin is very
It is high；Second is artificial culture blueberry, can grow to 240cm high, fruit is larger, and moisture is more, and anthocyanidin content is relatively relatively low.
The cowberry platymiscium of whole world distribution is planted up to more than 400, originates in and main product is otherwise known as American blueberry in the U.S..It mainly produces in China
In Daxing'an Mountainrange and Xiao Xing'an Ling forest region especially Central Greater Khingan Mountains, and all it is pure wild.Just succeeded in recent years into
Row domestication cultivates.Containing abundant nutritional ingredient in Blueberry, it not only has good nutrition health-care functions, also has
Cranial nerve aging, cardiac stimulant, anticancer softening blood vessel, enhancing human organism is prevented the functions such as to be immunized, blueberry is adaptable, likes acid soil
Earth, it is 4.5~5.5 generally to require soil pH value；Soil should be soft, and hygrophilous profit, drought resistance is poor, and the plantation of blueberry should be specifically noted that
Strengthen the acidity of fertilizer and water management and planting soil, the maintenance for the First Year being especially colonized can effectively improve blueberry kind
The survival rate of plant.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to solve at least the above, and provide the advantages of at least will be described later.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a kind of cultural methods of blueberry tree, can ensure blueberry tree growth course
In nutrient it is sufficient, and effectively overwintering protection is carried out to blueberry tree in field planting First Year winter, improves surviving for blueberry tree
Rate.
In order to realize these purposes and other advantages according to the present invention, a kind of cultural method of blueberry tree is provided, master
Include the following steps：
Step 1: planting site pre-processes, select soil pH value, a month of 3-5 is right before planting for the suitable soil of 4.5-5.5
Soil is turned over, fragmenting bulk soil, and pulverized limestone is added in during turning over, and the additive amount of the pulverized limestone is adds per acre
Add 10-30kg；
Step 2: opening up planting groove, multiple diameter 20-50cm, depth 30- are opened up on treated in step 1 soil
The planting groove of 100cm, spacing 1.5-2.0m between the planting groove；
Step 3: field planting, the compost of laying depth 10-30cm in the planting groove, the compost is by sandy soil 20-
40 parts by weight open up soil 10-30 parts by weight, pine soil 10-20 parts by weight and root-growing agent 5-10 weight that planting groove is dug out
Part mixing composition；It chooses the blueberry seedling that 2-3 is raw and height is in 30-50cm to be placed on the compost, step 2 opens up kind
The soil that plant slot is dug out can also be with being used as mixed fillers spare after stack retting mixed fertilizer, and is determined with the mixed fillers
It plants；
Wherein, the preparation method of the stack retting mixed fertilizer is：By organic fertilizer 500-1000kg and ammonium sulfate adipic acid fertilizer
Expect that 20-40kg 20-30d mixing stack rettings before field planting prepare the mixed fillers before field planting, wherein according to obtained by this amount
Decomposed mixed fertilizer is suitable for sown area 300-500 ㎡；
In addition, the organic fertilizer is obtained by fermenting 5-15 days at 45 DEG C -60 DEG C of the component high temperature of following parts by weight：
Fowl and animal excrement 200-300, pine needle 10-40, sawdust 20-100, vinasse 5-10, the grouts 10- of aqueous 35-50%
20th, yeast liquid 3-6, Cosan 3-6, curdy fur moss 2-5, plant ash 3-6, urea 2-4, aspongopus 4-8, citric acid 3-6 and
Sawdust 10-40；
Step 4: daily management, monthly pours primary, guarantee root after field planting with the nutrient solution for diluting 100-300 times
Soil moisture content is 40%-60%, and root soil pH value is adjusted to 4.0~5.5 or so；
In addition, First Year winter protects the blueberry seedling using attemperator after field planting.
Preferably, root-growing agent includes the components of following parts by weight in step 3：
Indolebutyric acid 3-8, boric acid 5-10, lanthanum sulfate 3-8, methyl α-naphthyl acetate 0.1-0.3 and perlite 0.5-2.
Preferably, the blueberry tree seedling is trimmed before field planting, and it is 2-5 to retain from branch number.
Preferably, the nutrient solution includes the component of following parts by weight：Urea 8-20, calcium nitrate tetrahydrate 5-15, nitre
Sour ammonium 8-15, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5-10, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.5-4, potassium sulfate 3-8, bitter salt 0.5-4, magnesium sulfate 3-
8th, zinc sulfate 3-10, boric acid 1-4.
Preferably, after the step 4, step 5 is prevented for desinsection, is combined using artificial capture method and biological control
Capture is manually concentrated in mode, early detection, and later stage spraying pesticide is to the blueberry leaf face spraying pesticide.
Preferably, after the step 5, step 6 is branch pruning and cleaning, per 5-10 month to the blueberry tree into
Row rational pruning retains positive branch, strong branch and well-grown horizontal branch, wipes out thin and delicate branch, overstocked branch, small and weak branch and have disease
Branches and leaves.
Preferably, the attemperator includes skeleton and cover body：
The skeleton includes multiple supporting rods, pedestal and upper frame；The pedestal is rectangular frame with upper frame；The strut
Group is arranged on the base top surface four corners；The supporting rod includes the first strut and the second strut；The bottom of first strut
End is removably connected in the quadrangle of the engine base, and described second strut one end is arranged on described the in telescopic manner
In one strut, the top of second strut is connected with the upper frame；
Cover body is arranged on the top of the upper frame；The cover body is set as internal tool double-layer structure with dissection, described
In interlayer；The spiral helicine water service pipe of setting is provided in the top surface interlayer of the cover body, described water service pipe one end is stretched out interlayer and set
Waterpipe jointing is set to, the water outlet of multiple adjustable angles is offered on the water service pipe, the top surface internal layer sets multiple correspondences
The atomizer of the water outlet.
Preferably, the ectonexine of the cover body is clarity plastic layer, and to post solar energy soft for the side of the cover body
Property solar panel.
Preferably, insulating foam is filled between inside and outside two layers of the cover body.
The present invention includes at least following advantageous effect：
Soil is turned over by 3-5 months before field planting and adds in pulverized limestone so that soil is effectively sterilized, and is kept away
Cause sapling disease, and ensure the acidity of soil after exempting from plantation, improve the survival rate after plantation.It is spread in planting groove before field planting
If compost, the compost is sandy soil, pine needle is native and the mixture of root-growing agent, sandy soil cause soil property at blueberry sapling root
It is loose, draining is good, rotten mosses ash so that the content of organic matter is more than 30% in compost, and reacts acid, and root-growing agent can
The apical dominance of plant is maintained in plant, blueberry sapling is promoted to take root, thus, by the addition of compost so that soil
Environment is more suitable for blueberry sapling and survives, and the survival rate of blueberry sapling is made to reach 92.6%.
Stack retting mixed fertilizer and soil are mixed and made into mixed fillers so that containing abundant in the backfill used during field planting
Trace element, especially grow required nitrogen and potassium element containing blueberry, and remain that soil environment is suitable for blueberry
The acidity of growth is set, convenient for blueberry tree Fast Growth；The growth temperature of blueberry tree is most important, passes through the First Year winter after field planting
Ji Caiyong attemperators protect blueberry tree seedling, are conducive to that seedling is smoothly overwintering, and the survival rate of blueberry tree planting is carried
High 10%-20%.
Part is illustrated to embody by further advantage, target and the feature of the present invention by following, and part will also be by this
The research and practice of invention and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the attemperator of the cultural method of the blueberry tree of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, to enable those skilled in the art with reference to specification text
Word can be implemented according to this.
It should be appreciated that such as " having ", "comprising" and " comprising " term used herein do not allot one or more
The presence or addition of a other element or combinations.
The present invention provides a kind of cultural method of blueberry tree, mainly includes the following steps that：
Step 1: planting site pre-processes, select suitable soil before planting 10-12 a month of the P in soil H values for 4.5-5.5
Soil is turned over, fragmenting bulk soil, and pulverized limestone is added in during turning over, the additive amount of the pulverized limestone is per acre
Add 10-30kg；General ploughed depth is 50-80cm, and 1-2 months after turning over and adding in pulverized limestone are planted again, are made
Sufficient sterilizing can be carried out to soil by obtaining pulverized limestone, to avoid disease is caused after follow-up field planting.
Step 2: opening up planting groove, multiple diameter 20-50cm, depth 30- are opened up on treated in step 1 soil
The planting groove of 100cm, spacing 1.5-2.0m between the planting groove；Planting groove is opened up sufficiently large and deep so that the later stage is colonized
When containing nutritious mixed fillers amount it is sufficiently large, conducive to for blueberry tree seedling growth provide abundance nutrient.
Step 3: field planting, the compost of laying depth 10-30cm in the planting groove, the compost is by sandy soil 20-
40 parts by weight open up soil 10-30 parts by weight, pine soil 10-20 parts by weight and root-growing agent 5-10 weight that planting groove is dug out
Part mixing composition；It chooses the blueberry seedling that 2-3 is raw and height is in 30-50cm to be placed on the compost, step 2 opens up kind
The soil that plant slot is dug out can also be with being used as mixed fillers spare after stack retting mixed fertilizer, and is determined with the mixed fillers
It plants；The formula of compost meet the growth of blueberry tree it is favorite the soil is porous, soil property is acid, the trace element such as nitrogenous and potassium is abundant
Needs, and be added to and very favorable root-growing agent grown to plant survival so that reach the survival rate of blueberry sapling
97.6%.
Wherein, the preparation method of the stack retting mixed fertilizer is：By organic fertilizer 500-1000kg and ammonium sulfate adipic acid fertilizer
Expect that 20-40kg 20-30d mixing stack rettings before field planting prepare the mixed fillers before field planting, wherein according to obtained by this amount
Decomposed mixed fertilizer is suitable for sown area 300-500 ㎡；Contain decomposed mixed fertilizer full of nutrition in mixed fillers, especially
It is phosphorous abundant ammonium phosphate, is enriched containing the abundant plant ash of potassium and containing organic matter and into acid humic sour soil so that blue
The nutrient supply of certain kind of berries tree growth has certain specific aim comprehensively and to the nutrient needed for growth, suitable for growth.
It is obtained in addition, the organic fertilizer is fermented 5-15 days by the component of following parts by weight at 45 DEG C -60 DEG C of high temperature：
Fowl and animal excrement 200-300, pine needle 10-40, sawdust 20-100, vinasse 5-10, the grouts 10- of aqueous 35-50%
20th, yeast liquid 3-6, Cosan 3-6, curdy fur moss 2-5, plant ash 3-6, urea 2-4, aspongopus 4-8, citric acid 3-6 and
Sawdust 10-40；It is irrigated by the way that stalk is blended into sawdust with water, then mixes and stir evenly with other raw materials such as fowl and animal excrements, then
Bar stack 1 meter wide, that high 1 meter or so length is unlimited is piled, is covered with plastic cloth, through the fermentation time of 5-15 days to get arriving
The organic fertilizer, because containing the acidic materials such as pine needle, grouts, citric acid, Cosan in above-mentioned organic fertilizer so that manufactured to have
Machine fertilizer is also acidity, suitable for requirement of the blueberry tree growth for soil ph, meanwhile, urea can ensure that blueberry tree to nitrogen
The absorption of element, plant ash can be prevented erosion with the acid-base property of coordinate plant growth soil, curdy fur moss, had stronger
For water imbibition thus by adding in mentioned component in organic fertilizer, aspongopus has stronger antibacterial action and having to promote body new old generation
The effect of thanking so that manufactured organic fertilizer ingredient is pure, without harmful components such as bacteriums, avoids immature sapling infection germ, promotes
Blueberry tree smoothly survives and grows.
Step 4: daily management, monthly pours primary, guarantee root after field planting with the nutrient solution for diluting 100-300 times
Soil moisture content is 40%-60%, and root soil pH value is adjusted to 4.0~5.5 or so；By being monthly that blueberry tree pours dilution
Nutrient solution, ensure that blueberry tree grows the supply of the various trace elements such as daily required calcium and magnesium phosphor-copper, especially it given birth to
Long beneficial potassium element and nitrogen, while also ensure moisture and humidity needs needed for the growth of blueberry tree.
In addition, First Year winter protects the blueberry seedling using attemperator after field planting.After sapling field planting
First Year is overwintering most to easily cause sapling death, thus when overwintering, for blueberry tree seedling increase insulation cover it is carried out heat preservation with
Maintenance, is conducive to that sapling is smoothly overwintering, thus improves the survival rate of blueberry tree planting.
In one preferred embodiment, root-growing agent includes the component of following parts by weight in step 3：Indolebutyric acid 3-8, boric acid 5-
10th, lanthanum sulfate 3-8, methyl α-naphthyl acetate 0.1-0.3 and perlite 0.5-2.
In said program, indolebutyric acid is a kind of Endogenous auxin of generally existing in plant, can effectively be promoted
Into the growth and development of blueberry sapling；Methyl α-naphthyl acetate is a kind of plant hormone auxin, blueberry sapling can further be promoted to take root；It is precious
Pearl rock can promote blueberry sapling to take root, moreover it is possible to improve the disease-resistant ability of blueberry tree drought resisting cold-resistant；Lanthanum is in the range of a certain concentration
Play the role of promoting plant growth, blueberry can absorb lanthanum element by root system can penetrate into rapidly in blueberry sapling body, promote
Blueberry is grown, and one of nutrient necessary to boron is plant, boron is absorbed and used by plants in the form of boric acid molecule, in plant
Interior not easily shifted, boron can promote root growth, to photosynthetic product --- and the synthesis of carbohydrate has important with transhipment
Effect, the special role that has been normally carried out to fertilization process, drought resisting, disease resistance and the promotion crop that boron can also enhance crop are early
Ripe effect, thus, by above-mentioned substance through experiment match after generate root-growing agent, to blueberry sapling survive and growth plays product
Pole has a strong effect, and the rooting rate of blueberry seedling is made to be more than 92.2%, so as to improve the survival rate of blueberry seedling to as little as
98.6%.
In one preferred embodiment, the nutrient solution includes the component of following parts by weight：Urea 8-20, calcium nitrate tetrahydrate 5-
15, ammonium nitrate 8-15, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5-10, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.5-4, potassium sulfate 3-8, bitter salt 0.5-4, sulfuric acid
Magnesium 3-8, zinc sulfate 3-10, boric acid 1-4.
In said program, the nutrient solution includes the component of following parts by weight：Urea 8-20, calcium nitrate tetrahydrate 5-
15, ammonium nitrate 8-15, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5-10, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.5-4, potassium sulfate 3-8, bitter salt 0.5-4, sulfuric acid
Magnesium 3-8, zinc sulfate 3-10, boric acid 1-4.By being monthly that blueberry tree pours diluted nutrient solution, it ensure that blueberry tree grows day
The supply of the various trace elements such as the calcium and magnesium phosphor-copper of Chang Suoxu, potassium element especially beneficial to growth and nitrogen, simultaneously
It also ensures the moisture and humidity needs needed for the growth of blueberry tree, makes more than 10% blueberry output increased, meanwhile, it adds in photosynthetic thin
Bacteria agent effectively improves the photosynthesis of plant, improves yield 8%.
In one preferred embodiment, the blueberry tree seedling is trimmed before field planting, and it is 2-5 to retain from branch number.
In one preferred embodiment, after the step 4, step 5 is prevented for desinsection, using artificial capture method and biological control phase
With reference to mode, early detection manually concentrates capture, and later stage spraying pesticide is to the blueberry leaf face spraying pesticide.
It in said program, sprays insecticide to avoid reducing to the greatest extent, the early detection insect pest, artificial mend is grabbed, later stage worm
After evil is more, the pesticide for having good control effect using the Common Diseases to blueberry tree is prevented, meanwhile, it can divide more
It is secondary to carry out foliage-spray respectively with sprayer, further, it is also possible to be aided with physical control, trapping lamp trapping, every 1 hectare of peace can be used
Fill 2-4 trapping lamps.
In one preferred embodiment, after the step 5, step 6 is branch pruning and cleaning, and every 5-10 months to the indigo plant
Certain kind of berries tree carries out rational pruning, retains positive branch, strong branch and well-grown horizontal branch, wipe out thin and delicate branch, overstocked branch, small and weak branch and
There are disease branches and leaves.
In said program, rule is to be trimmed to nature globular model tree crown, cultivates 3-5 major branches emphatically, it
The male character types in Chinese operas, usu. referring tov the bearded character degree is suitable, is evenly distributed, and when trimming retains positive branch, strong branch and well-grown horizontal branch, wipes out and intersects branch, overstocked
Branch is bent branch, small and weak branch and has disease branches and leaves, effectively avoids influence of the disease to sapling.
As described in Figure 1, in a preferred embodiment, the attemperator 17 includes skeleton and cover body 10：The skeleton includes
Multiple supporting rods 14, pedestal 16 and upper frame 13；The pedestal 16 is rectangular frame with upper frame 13；The supporting rod 14 is arranged on
The 16 top surface four corners of pedestal；The supporting rod 14 includes the first strut and the second strut；The bottom end of first strut with
Dismountable mode is connected in the quadrangle of the pedestal 16, and described second strut one end is arranged on described first in telescopic manner
In strut, the top of second strut is connected with the upper frame 13.
Cover body 10 is arranged on the top of the upper frame 13；The cover body 10 is set as internal tool double-deck knot with dissection
Structure, in the interlayer；The spiral helicine water service pipe 11 of setting, the water service pipe 11 1 are provided in the top surface interlayer of the cover body 10
End stretches out interlayer and is set as waterpipe jointing, and the water outlet 12 of multiple adjustable angles, the top surface are offered on the water service pipe 11
Internal layer sets the atomizer of multiple correspondence water outlets 12.
In said program, main skeleton is used as using supporting rod 14, supporting rod 14 is set as retractable structure, draws materials
Simply, material is easy to get, and pedestal can be put in sapling bottom, by drawing high upper frame 13, and then supporting rod 14 is drawn high, so as to make
The cover body 10 of the present apparatus can realize it is flexible, convenient for the adjusting of height, and convenient for collecting when not in use, reduce occupy it is empty
Between；Cover body 10 uses double-layer structure, and outer layer has good translucency with internal layer clarity plastic layer, and daylighting is good；In the interlayer of top surface
Water service pipe 11 is set, and the water outlet 12 of adjustable angle is set on water service pipe 11, water outlet 12 connects atomizer, when pouring
Only need water pipe being connected on waterpipe jointing and sapling can just be poured, without with removal cover body 10, simultaneously as having installed mist additional
Change nozzle so that flow plays the role of the blade of sapling moistening, and will not be because of the too urgent wound of flow in mist during pouring
Sapling is done harm to, so as to ensure the growing environment of blueberry sapling moistening.
In one preferred embodiment, the ectonexine of the cover body 10 is clarity plastic layer, and the side of the cover body 10 is pasted
There is solar flexible solar panel 15.
In said program, 15 plate of solar flexible optically focused can generate heat, and can also carry out illumination.
In one preferred embodiment, insulating foam is filled between inside and outside two layers of the cover body 10.
In said program, by setting insulating foam in interlayer, winter can effectively ensure blueberry seedling to temperature
In the demand and interlayer of degree in water service pipe water temperature, avoid because watering pours water supercooling be unfavorable for blueberry tree grow.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, but its be not restricted in specification and embodiment it is listed
With it can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention, for those skilled in the art, can be easily
Realize other modification, therefore without departing from the general concept defined in the claims and the equivalent scope, it is of the invention and unlimited
In specific details and legend shown and described herein.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of cultural method of blueberry tree, which is characterized in that mainly include the following steps that：
Step 1: planting site pre-processes, select soil pH value for 4.5-5.5 suitable soil before planting a month of 3-5 to soil
It is turned over, fragmenting bulk soil, and pulverized limestone is added in during turning over, the additive amount of the pulverized limestone is adds per acre
10-30kg；
Step 2: opening up planting groove, multiple diameter 20-50cm, depth 30- are opened up on treated in step 1 soil
The planting groove of 100cm, spacing 1.5-2.0m between the planting groove；
Step 3: field planting, the compost of laying depth 10-30cm in the planting groove, the compost are weighed by sandy soil 20-40
Amount part opens up soil 10-30 parts by weight, pine soil 10-20 parts by weight and root-growing agent 5-10 parts by weight that planting groove is dug out and mixes
It is combined into；It chooses the blueberry seedling that 2-3 is raw and height is in 30-50cm to be placed on the compost, step 2 opens up planting groove
The soil dug out is colonized with being used as mixed fillers spare after stack retting mixed fertilizer with the mixed fillers；
Wherein, the preparation method of the stack retting mixed fertilizer is：By organic fertilizer 500-1000kg and ammonium sulfate fertilizer acidic fertilizier 20-
40kg prepares the mixed fillers before 20-30d mixing stack retting is until be colonized before field planting, wherein decomposed mixed obtained by according to this amount
Hefei material is suitable for sown area 300-500 ㎡；
In addition, the organic fertilizer is obtained by fermenting 5-15 days at 45 DEG C -60 DEG C of the component high temperature of following parts by weight：
Fowl and animal excrement 200-300, pine needle 10-40, sawdust 20-100, vinasse 5-10, grouts 10-20, the ferment of aqueous 35-50%
Female bacterium solution 3-6, Cosan 3-6, curdy fur moss 2-5, plant ash 3-6, urea 2-4, aspongopus 4-8, citric acid 3-6 and sawdust
10-40；
Step 4: daily management, monthly pours primary, guarantee root soil after field planting with the nutrient solution for diluting 100-300 times
Water content is 40%-60%, and root soil pH value is adjusted to 4.0~5.5 or so；
In addition, First Year winter protects the blueberry seedling using attemperator after field planting.
2. the cultural method of blueberry tree as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that root-growing agent includes following weight in step 3
The component of part：
Indolebutyric acid 3-8, boric acid 5-10, lanthanum sulfate 3-8, methyl α-naphthyl acetate 0.1-0.3 and perlite 0.5-2.
3. the cultural method of blueberry tree as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the blueberry tree seedling carries out before field planting
Trimming, it is 2-5 to retain from branch number.
4. the cultural method of blueberry tree as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the nutrient solution includes following parts by weight
Component：Urea 8-20, calcium nitrate tetrahydrate 5-15, ammonium nitrate 8-15, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5-10, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.5-4, sulfuric acid
Potassium 3-8, bitter salt 0.5-4, magnesium sulfate 3-8, zinc sulfate 3-10, boric acid 1-4.
5. the cultural method of blueberry tree as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that after the step 4, step 5 is desinsection
Prevention, in a manner that artificial capture method and biological control are combined, capture is manually concentrated in early detection, and later stage spraying pesticide is to institute
State blueberry leaf face spraying pesticide.
6. the cultural method of blueberry tree as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that after the step 5, step 6 is branch
Trimming and cleaning carry out rational pruning to the blueberry tree in a month per 5-10, retain positive branch, strong branch and well-grown level
Branch, wipes out thin and delicate branch, overstocked branch, small and weak branch and has disease branches and leaves.
7. the cultural method of blueberry tree as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the attemperator includes skeleton and cover
Body：
The skeleton includes multiple supporting rods, pedestal and upper frame；The pedestal is rectangular frame with upper frame；The strut group is set
It puts in the base top surface four corners；The supporting rod includes the first strut and the second strut；The bottom end of first strut with
Dismountable mode is connected in the quadrangle of the engine base, and described second strut one end is arranged on described first in telescopic manner
In bar, the top of second strut is connected with the upper frame；
Cover body is arranged on the top of the upper frame；The cover body is set as internal and has double-layer structure with dissection, the interlayer
It is interior；The spiral helicine water service pipe of setting is provided in the top surface interlayer of the cover body, described water service pipe one end is stretched out interlayer and is set as
Waterpipe jointing, the water outlet of multiple adjustable angles is offered on the water service pipe, and the top surface internal layer is set described in multiple correspondences
The atomizer of water outlet.
8. the cultural method of blueberry tree as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the ectonexine of the cover body is transparent modeling
The bed of material, and solar flexible solar panel is posted in the side of the cover body.
9. the cultural method of blueberry tree as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that filled between inside and outside two layers of the cover body
There is insulating foam.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109105133A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-01-01 | 贵州龙德农业科技有限公司 | A kind of blueberry implantation methods |
| CN109287230A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-02-01 | 上海摩天农业科技有限公司 | Nutrient solution, nutrient solution raw materials composition and its application |
| CN111233586A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-06-05 | 安徽省农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | Preparation method of soil conditioner for blueberry planting |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106613709A (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2017-05-10 | 孟德稼 | Method for cultivating yellow-flower osmanthus fragrans |
| CN107135882A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-09-08 | 遵义盛林农业发展有限公司 | The implantation methods of blueberry |
| CN107155624A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-09-15 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of implantation methods that blueberry high yield is realized by soil improvement |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106613709A (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2017-05-10 | 孟德稼 | Method for cultivating yellow-flower osmanthus fragrans |
| CN107135882A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-09-08 | 遵义盛林农业发展有限公司 | The implantation methods of blueberry |
| CN107155624A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-09-15 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of implantation methods that blueberry high yield is realized by soil improvement |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109105133A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-01-01 | 贵州龙德农业科技有限公司 | A kind of blueberry implantation methods |
| CN109287230A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-02-01 | 上海摩天农业科技有限公司 | Nutrient solution, nutrient solution raw materials composition and its application |
| CN111233586A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-06-05 | 安徽省农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | Preparation method of soil conditioner for blueberry planting |
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Application publication date: 20180615 |