CN109006683B - Method for constructing mutton sheep circulating breeding system - Google Patents
Method for constructing mutton sheep circulating breeding system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109006683B CN109006683B CN201810939969.3A CN201810939969A CN109006683B CN 109006683 B CN109006683 B CN 109006683B CN 201810939969 A CN201810939969 A CN 201810939969A CN 109006683 B CN109006683 B CN 109006683B
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for constructing a mutton sheep circulating breeding system, which comprises the following steps: s1, preparing a cellulose decomposition bacteria culture material; s2, culturing cellulose decomposition bacteria; s4, preparing mutton sheep feed; s5, the mutton sheep feed obtained in the S4 is used for cultivating mutton sheep, the feeding amount is 3-4kg/d, and excrement discharged by the mutton sheep every day is put into the cellulose decomposition bacteria culture material in the S1 to supplement the nitrogen source in the cellulose decomposition bacteria culture material. The method effectively improves the environment for breeding the mutton sheep, realizes the cyclic utilization of the resources of captive mutton sheep, and improves the yield and the quality of the bred mutton sheep.
Description
The present application is a divisional application of the following applications: the application date is 2016, 4, 27 and the application number is 201610266691.9, and the invention is named as a construction method of a biological bacterium mutton sheep circulating culture ecosystem.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural livestock and poultry breeding, in particular to a construction method of a mutton sheep circulating breeding ecosystem.
Background
The mutton has high protein content, low fat and cholesterol content, contains a plurality of amino acids essential to human body, and has extremely high nutritive value; the mutton is warm in nature, can tonify middle-jiao and Qi, stimulate appetite and strengthen strength, nourish gallbladder and improve eyesight, and is beneficial to resisting cancer, treating chronic cough and asthma and improving the immunity of organisms after being eaten frequently. However, for social and historical reasons, for a long time, in the market consumption structure of meat products in China, the proportion of mutton is far lower than that of pork, according to the statistical bulletin of the national statistical bureau, the mutton yield in 2010 in China is 398 ten thousand t, the average number of people is only 2.97kg, the proportion of the total meat yield in China is only 5.02%, and the situation is exactly opposite to that in developed countries, so that the mutton yield in China is estimated to be seriously insufficient. With the continuous improvement of the income level of urban and rural residents in China, the consumption concept is gradually changed, mutton is favored by consumers due to the advantages of being green, safe, nutritional and health-care, the consumption demand of mutton is continuously increased, the mutton is calculated by increasing 2.5% year by year, the end of 'fifteen' is estimated, the mutton yield in China reaches 439.32 ten thousand t, 41.32 ten thousand t is increased compared with the end of 'fifteen hundred', and the mutton consumption per person is increased to 3.19kg and 0.22kg according to the calculation of 13.8 hundred million of the population scale at the moment.
In recent years, the prices of grains and feeds are high, grain-consuming livestock and poultry pigs and chickens fight for grains with people all the year round, and meat products of the livestock and poultry pigs and the chickens greatly affect the feeding cost, the market price, the consumption demand, epidemic diseases and the like. In addition, because the breeding rate of the mutton sheep is relatively low, the breeding quantity cannot be greatly changed in a short period, the mutton supply is continuously tense, the mutton price can continuously run at a high price, and the rising space is large. Therefore, the market prospect of mutton sheep breeding is very huge.
The traditional mode for grazing and breeding mutton sheep in grassland has serious oversupply and limited grassland pasture resources, so that the productivity of the mutton sheep far cannot meet the market demand, 6 hundred million or more t of crop straws exist in China, but the feeding rate of the mutton sheep is less than 35 percent at present. The scale of the goats in the southern agricultural region accounts for more than 30% of the total amount of the goats in China, the goat varieties, the ecological types and the production directions are rich, and the goats have estrus all the year round, strong polyembryony property, unique production performance and good meat quality, and are an important gene bank of the goats in the subtropical-marginal tropical region of the world. The development and utilization of grassland, grassmountain and grass slope and crop straw are accelerated, and the southern agricultural area becomes the next growth point of the mutton sheep industry in China.
However, the processing technology of the high-quality and high-yield feed is lacked at present, so that the special feed for the mutton sheep has a single variety; the ensiling technology is imperfect, so that rich crop byproduct straw resources cannot be converted into high-quality forage for utilization; the phenomenon of abuse of additives, hormones and veterinary drugs in feed sometimes occurs. The problems of forage material supply, safety and the like are prominent, so that mutton sheep malnutrition is caused, nutritional diseases such as abortion of pregnant ewes, lamb white muscle disease, small birth weight and the like occur occasionally, and the production performance of mutton sheep and the yield and quality of mutton are seriously influenced. And at present, when the mutton sheep are bred on a large scale, the breeding mode is mainly centralized captive breeding, about 20 hundred million tons of excrement generated by breeding sheep annually in China causes great environmental pollution to China, and the produced mutton sheep have high drug residue, so that the mutton sheep are low in quality and the safety detection exceeds the standard. Most of breeding plants adopt centralized captive breeding, and the labor intensity for cleaning excrement generated by the centralized captive breeding is high, so that the environment is not protected, and the sheep excrement is seriously wasted.
The traditional Chinese medicine is a treasure in China, has a long history and has a unique curative effect. The traditional Chinese medicine is natural animal and plant or mineral substance, contains abundant vitamins, mineral substances and protein, and has the functions of supplementing nutrition, promoting growth, enhancing the constitution of livestock and improving the disease resistance of organisms. Researches show that the Chinese medicinal feed additive is matched with the sheep feed in a certain proportion, so that escherichia coli can be inhibited, intestinal peristalsis is enhanced, the dry matter to concentrate feed conversion ratio of sheep breeding is reduced, and the conversion utilization of the feed is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides the construction method of the biological bacteria mutton sheep circulating breeding ecosystem, which effectively improves the mutton sheep breeding environment, realizes the recycling of the resources of captive mutton sheep, and improves the yield and the quality of the bred mutton sheep.
The invention provides a method for constructing a biological bacteria mutton sheep circulating breeding ecosystem, which comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly mixing straw, tobacco stalk scraps, sheep manure, gypsum, urea, miscanthus floridulus, sorghum husk, wood dust, rice bran, bean pulp and dry sheep manure, then grinding to form ultrafine powder of 200 meshes and 300 meshes, then adding water to uniformly mix, fermenting for 20-40h at 50-70 ℃, cooling to room temperature, then adding quicklime to adjust the pH value to 7.5-8.5, then adding phosphate fertilizer, urea, calcium superphosphate, zinc sulfate, magnesium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and cellulose powder to uniformly mix, and then drying to obtain cellulose decomposition bacteria culture material with the water content of 5-15%;
s2, uniformly spreading the cellulose decomposition bacteria culture material obtained in S1 on a culture bed, sowing when the temperature of the material is reduced to 25-28 ℃, uniformly scattering the culture seeds obtained in S2 on the surface of the material according to the inoculation amount of 4-6%, slightly compacting and flattening to enable the strains to sink into the material by 1-3 cm;
s3, after sowing for 2-4d, closing the door and the window, and keeping the air humidity at 75-85%; sowing for 14-16d, and covering soil when hypha basically grows over the material layer, wherein the thickness of the covered soil is 3-5 cm; after covering soil, adjusting water content to keep the water content of a soil layer at 15-25%, keeping the relative humidity of air at 80-90% and the temperature at 12-14 ℃, and then screening healthy cellulose decomposing bacteria;
s4, uniformly mixing the cellulose decomposition bacteria obtained in the S3 with corn, carrot, grape vine, pumpkin leaf, chaff, propolis, bean curd residue, vinasse, bran, bean pulp, wild hay, shell powder, fish meal, bran, japonica rice straw, soybean straw, compound bacteria, compound mineral substances, compound vitamins and traditional Chinese medicine additives, and preparing the mixture into granular mutton sheep feed through a granulator;
s5, the mutton sheep feed obtained in the S4 is used for cultivating mutton sheep, the feeding amount is 3-4kg/d, and excrement discharged by the mutton sheep every day is put into the cellulose decomposition bacteria culture material in the S1 to supplement the nitrogen source in the cellulose decomposition bacteria culture material.
Preferably, in S1, the cellulose-decomposing bacteria culture material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of straw, 2-8 parts of tobacco stalk scraps, 3-6 parts of sheep manure, 2-4 parts of gypsum, 1-5 parts of urea, 2-5 parts of miscanthus floridulus, 1-4 parts of sorghum husk, 2-6 parts of sawdust, 1-3 parts of rice bran, 2-5 parts of bran, 1-4 parts of soybean meal, 1-5 parts of dry sheep manure, 2-5 parts of quicklime, 3-6 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 1-4 parts of urea, 2-5 parts of calcium superphosphate, 1-4 parts of zinc sulfate, 2-6 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1-3 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 2-4 parts of cellulose powder.
Preferably, in S2, the thickness of the cellulolytic bacteria culture material on the culture bed is 12-16 cm.
Preferably, in S4, the mutton sheep feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-25 parts of corn, 2-8 parts of carrot, 3-9 parts of grape vine, 1-6 parts of pumpkin leaf, 2-5 parts of coarse bran, 3-6 parts of propolis, 1-4 parts of bean curd residue, 2-6 parts of vinasse, 1-6 parts of bran, 2-5 parts of bean pulp, 3-9 parts of wild hay, 1-4 parts of shell powder, 2-4 parts of fish meal, 3-5 parts of bran, 1-3 parts of japonica rice straw, 2-5 parts of soybean straw, 1-4 parts of compound bacteria, 3-6 parts of compound mineral substances, 1-5 parts of compound vitamin, 2-5 parts of traditional Chinese medicine additive and 3-6 parts of cellulose decomposing bacteria.
Preferably, in S4, the composite bacteria are prepared from lactobacillus, bifidobacterium, streptococcus, bacillus and yeast in a weight ratio of 1-3: 2-5: 3-5: 4-6: 5-8, and mixing.
Preferably, in S4, the compound vitamin is vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E and vitamin B1 in a weight ratio of 1-4: 2-5: 1-3: 4-6, and mixing.
Preferably, in S4, the Chinese medicinal additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-8 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 2-6 parts of fleece-flower root, 1-5 parts of angelica, 1-6 parts of liquorice, 3-9 parts of malt, 1-5 parts of hawthorn, 2-5 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 2-5 parts of shouxiang, 3-6 parts of honeysuckle and 1-7 parts of isatis root.
According to the invention, the cellulose-decomposing bacteria are cultured and used for preparing the mutton sheep feed, and the excrement generated by the mutton sheep is used for supplementing the nitrogen source of the cellulose-decomposing bacteria, so that the energy recycling is realized, and by constructing the biological bacteria mutton sheep circulating culture ecosystem, the mutton sheep is optimized to be easily absorbed by the mutton sheep, the absorption efficiency of the mutton sheep on nutrient substances is improved, the growth of the mutton sheep is promoted, and the excrement of the mutton sheep also contains a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, so that the growth of the cellulose-decomposing bacteria can be effectively promoted. The cellulose decomposition bacteria culture material takes straw, tobacco stalk scraps, sheep manure, gypsum, urea, miscanthus floridulus, sorghum husk, wood dust, rice bran, bean pulp, dry sheep manure, quicklime, phosphate fertilizer, urea, calcium superphosphate, zinc sulfate, magnesium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and cellulose powder as raw materials, wherein the straw, the tobacco stalk scraps, the miscanthus floridulus, the sorghum husk, the wood dust, the rice bran and the bran are used as carbon sources, the cellulose powder is further supplemented with carbon sources, the sheep manure, the urea, the bean pulp, the dry sheep manure, the phosphate fertilizer and the urea are used as nitrogen and phosphorus sources, and the quicklime, the calcium superphosphate, the zinc sulfate, the magnesium sulfate and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate supplement abundant trace elements; the nutrient requirements of the cellulose decomposition enzyme bacteria at each growth stage are met, and the yield and the quality of the cellulose decomposition bacteria are promoted; the mutton sheep feed is characterized in that corn, carrots, grape vines, pumpkin leaves, chaff, propolis, bean curd residues, vinasse, bran, bean pulp, wild hay, shell powder, fish meal, bran, japonica rice straw, soybean straw, compound bacteria, compound mineral substances, compound vitamins, a traditional Chinese medicine additive and cellulose are used in the sheep breeding environment, the cellulose decomposition bacteria can effectively decompose plant fibers in the mutton sheep feed, the obtained monosaccharide decomposition bacteria are used as raw materials, the proportion is reasonably controlled, cellulose decomposition enzyme is added to decompose cellulose which is difficult to digest in the raw materials, monosaccharide which is easy to absorb is obtained, the digestibility of the mutton sheep feed is improved, and the yield and the quality of mutton sheep are improved.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the following embodiments, which should be understood as being illustrative only and not limiting, and any modifications, equivalents, etc. based on the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The invention provides a method for constructing a biological bacteria mutton sheep circulating breeding ecosystem, which comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly mixing 10 parts of straw, 5 parts of tobacco stalk scraps, 4.5 parts of sheep manure, 3 parts of gypsum, 3 parts of urea, 3.5 parts of miscanthus floridulus, 2.5 parts of sorghum husk, 4 parts of sawdust, 2 parts of rice bran, 3.5 parts of bran, 2.5 parts of soybean meal and 3 parts of dry sheep manure according to parts by weight, grinding the mixture to 250-mesh superfine powder, adding water to the superfine powder to be uniformly mixed, fermenting the mixture at 60 ℃ for 30 hours, cooling the mixture to room temperature, adding 3.5 parts of quicklime to adjust the pH to 8.0, adding 4.5 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 2.5 parts of urea, 3.5 parts of calcium superphosphate, 2.5 parts of zinc sulfate, 4 parts of magnesium sulfate, 2 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 3 parts of cellulose powder to the mixture, and drying the mixture to obtain a cellulose decomposing bacteria culture material with the water content of 10%;
s2, uniformly spreading the cellulose decomposition bacteria culture material obtained in S1 on a culture bed, wherein the thickness of a material layer is 14cm, sowing can be carried out when the temperature of the material is reduced to 26.5 ℃, uniformly scattering the cultivated species obtained in S2 on the material surface according to the inoculation amount of 5%, slightly compacting and flattening, and enabling the strains to sink into the material by 2 cm;
s3, after sowing for 3d, closing the door and the window and keeping the air humidity at 80%; sowing for 15d, and covering soil when hypha basically grows over the material layer, wherein the thickness of the covered soil is 4 cm; after covering soil, adjusting water content to keep the water content of a soil layer at 20%, keeping the relative humidity of air at 85% and the temperature at 13 ℃, and then screening healthy cellulose decomposing bacteria;
s4, uniformly mixing 4.5 parts of cellulose decomposition bacteria obtained in S3 with 15 parts of corn, 5 parts of carrot, 6 parts of grape vine, 3.5 parts of pumpkin leaf, 3.5 parts of coarse bran, 4.5 parts of propolis, 2.5 parts of bean curd residue, 4 parts of vinasse, 3.5 parts of bran, 3.5 parts of bean pulp, 9 parts of wild hay, 2.5 parts of shell powder, 3 parts of fish meal, 4 parts of bran, 2 parts of japonica rice straw, 3.5 parts of soybean straw, 2.5 parts of composite bacteria, 4.5 parts of composite mineral, 3 parts of composite vitamin and 3.5 parts of traditional Chinese medicine additive in parts by weight, and preparing a granular mutton sheep feed by a granulator;
s5, the mutton sheep feed obtained in the S4 is used for cultivating mutton sheep, the feeding amount is 3.5kg/d, and excrement discharged by the mutton sheep every day is put into the cellulose decomposition bacteria culture material in the S1 to supplement the nitrogen source in the cellulose decomposition bacteria culture material.
In S4, the composite bacteria are prepared from lactobacillus, bifidobacterium, streptococcus, bacillus and yeast according to the weight ratio of 2: 3.5: 4: 5: 6.5 mixing. In S4, the compound vitamin is prepared from vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E and vitamin B1 in a weight ratio of 2.5: 3.5: 2: 5, mixing the components. In S4, the Chinese medicinal additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 4 parts of fleece-flower root, 3 parts of angelica, 3.5 parts of liquorice, 6 parts of malt, 3 parts of hawthorn, 3.5 parts of astragalus, 3.5 parts of primary fragrance, 4.5 parts of honeysuckle and 4 parts of isatis root.
Example 2
The invention provides a method for constructing a biological bacteria mutton sheep circulating breeding ecosystem, which comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly mixing 5 parts of straw, 8 parts of tobacco stalk scraps, 3 parts of sheep manure, 4 parts of gypsum, 1 part of urea, 2 parts of miscanthus floridulus, 4 parts of sorghum husk, 2 parts of sawdust, 3 parts of rice bran, 2 parts of bran, 4 parts of bean pulp and 1 part of dry sheep manure according to parts by weight, grinding the mixture to 300-mesh superfine powder, adding water, uniformly mixing, fermenting at 50 ℃ for 40 hours, cooling to room temperature, adding 2 parts of quicklime to adjust the pH value to 8.5, adding 3 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 4 parts of urea, 2 parts of calcium superphosphate, 4 parts of zinc sulfate, 2 parts of magnesium sulfate, 3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 2 parts of cellulose powder, uniformly mixing, and drying to obtain a cellulose decomposition bacteria culture material with the water content of 15%;
s2, uniformly spreading the cellulose decomposition bacteria culture material obtained in the S1 on a culture bed, wherein the thickness of a material layer is 12cm, sowing can be carried out when the temperature of the material is reduced to 28 ℃, uniformly spreading the cultivated species obtained in the S2 on the material surface according to the inoculation amount of 4%, slightly compacting and flattening, and enabling the strains to sink into the material by 3 cm;
s3, after sowing for 2d, closing the door and the window and keeping the air humidity at 75%; sowing for 16d, and covering soil when hypha basically grows over the material layer, wherein the thickness of the covered soil is 3 cm; after covering soil, adjusting water content to keep the water content of a soil layer at 25%, keeping the relative humidity of air at 80% and the temperature at 14 ℃, and then screening healthy cellulose decomposing bacteria;
s4, uniformly mixing 3 parts of cellulose decomposition bacteria obtained in S3 with 25 parts of corn, 2 parts of carrot, 9 parts of grape vine, 1 part of pumpkin leaf, 5 parts of coarse bran, 3 parts of propolis, 4 parts of bean curd residue, 2 parts of vinasse, 6 parts of bran, 2 parts of bean pulp, 9 parts of wild hay, 1 part of shell powder, 4 parts of fish meal, 3 parts of bran, 3 parts of japonica rice straw, 2 parts of soybean straw, 4 parts of compound bacteria, 3 parts of compound mineral substances, 5 parts of compound vitamin and 2 parts of traditional Chinese medicine additives in parts by weight, and preparing a granular mutton sheep feed by a granulator;
s5, the mutton sheep feed obtained in the S4 is used for cultivating mutton sheep, the feeding amount is 4kg/d, and excrement discharged by the mutton sheep every day is put into the cellulose-decomposing bacteria culture material in the S1 to supplement the nitrogen source in the cellulose-decomposing bacteria culture material.
In S4, the composite bacteria are prepared from lactobacillus, bifidobacterium, streptococcus, bacillus and yeast according to the weight ratio of 1: 5: 3: 6: 5, mixing the components. In S4, the compound vitamin is vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E and vitamin B1 in a weight ratio of 1: 5: 1: 6, mixing the components. In S4, the Chinese medicinal additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 6 parts of fleece-flower root, 1 part of angelica, 6 parts of liquorice, 3 parts of malt, 5 parts of hawthorn, 2 parts of astragalus, 5 parts of primary fragrance, 3 parts of honeysuckle and 7 parts of isatis root.
Example 3
The invention provides a method for constructing a biological bacteria mutton sheep circulating breeding ecosystem, which comprises the following steps: s1, uniformly mixing 15 parts of straw, 2 parts of tobacco stalk scraps, 6 parts of sheep manure, 2 parts of gypsum, 5 parts of urea, 5 parts of miscanthus floridulus, 1 part of sorghum husk, 6 parts of sawdust, 1 part of rice bran, 5 parts of bran, 1 part of bean pulp and 1 part of dry sheep manure in parts by weight, grinding the mixture to 300-mesh superfine powder, adding water to the superfine powder to uniformly mix the superfine powder, fermenting the mixture for 40 hours at 50 ℃, cooling the mixture to room temperature, adding 2 parts of quicklime to adjust the pH value to 8.5, adding 3 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 4 parts of urea, 2 parts of calcium superphosphate, 4 parts of zinc sulfate, 2 parts of magnesium sulfate, 3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 2 parts of cellulose powder to uniformly mix the mixture, and drying the mixture until the water content of cellulose decomposition bacteria culture material is 15%;
s2, uniformly spreading the cellulose decomposition bacteria culture material obtained in the S1 on a culture bed, wherein the thickness of a material layer is 12cm, sowing can be carried out when the temperature of the material is reduced to 28 ℃, uniformly spreading the cultivated species obtained in the S2 on the material surface according to the inoculation amount of 4%, slightly compacting and flattening, and enabling the strains to sink into the material by 3 cm;
s3, after sowing for 2d, closing the door and the window and keeping the air humidity at 85%; sowing for 14d, and covering soil when hypha basically grows over the material layer, wherein the thickness of the covered soil is 5 cm; after covering soil, adjusting water content to keep the water content of a soil layer at 15%, keeping the relative humidity of air at 90% and the temperature at 12 ℃, and then screening healthy cellulose decomposing bacteria;
s4, uniformly mixing 6 parts of cellulose decomposition bacteria obtained in S3 with 5 parts of corn, 8 parts of carrot, 3 parts of grape vine, 6 parts of pumpkin leaf, 2 parts of coarse bran, 6 parts of propolis, 1 part of bean curd residue, 6 parts of vinasse, 1 part of bran, 5 parts of bean pulp, 3 parts of wild hay, 4 parts of shell powder, 2 parts of fish meal, 5 parts of bran, 1 part of japonica rice straw, 5 parts of soybean straw, 1 part of compound bacteria, 6 parts of compound mineral, 1 part of compound vitamin and 5 parts of traditional Chinese medicine additive in parts by weight, and preparing a granular mutton sheep feed by a granulator;
s5, the mutton sheep feed obtained in the S4 is used for cultivating mutton sheep, the feeding amount is 4kg/d, and excrement discharged by the mutton sheep every day is put into the cellulose-decomposing bacteria culture material in the S1 to supplement the nitrogen source in the cellulose-decomposing bacteria culture material.
In S4, the composite bacteria are prepared from lactobacillus, bifidobacterium, streptococcus, bacillus and yeast according to the weight ratio of 3: 2: 5: 4: 8, and mixing. In S4, the compound vitamin is vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E and vitamin B1 in a weight ratio of 4: 2: 3: mixing the components. In S4, the Chinese medicinal additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 2 parts of fleece-flower root, 5 parts of angelica, 1 part of liquorice, 9 parts of malt, 1 part of hawthorn, 5 parts of astragalus, 2 parts of primary fragrance, 6 parts of honeysuckle and 1 part of isatis root.
Example 4
The invention provides a method for constructing a biological bacteria mutton sheep circulating breeding ecosystem, which comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly mixing 12 parts of straw, 3 parts of tobacco stalk scraps, 5 parts of sheep manure, 2.5 parts of gypsum, 4 parts of urea, 4 parts of miscanthus floridulus, 2 parts of sorghum husk, 5 parts of sawdust, 1.5 parts of rice bran, 4 parts of bran, 2-3 parts of bean pulp and 2 parts of dry sheep manure in parts by weight, grinding the mixture to 280-mesh superfine powder, adding water to the superfine powder to be uniformly mixed, fermenting the mixture at 55 ℃ for 35 hours, cooling the mixture to room temperature, adding 3 parts of quicklime to adjust the pH to 8.2, adding 3.5 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 3 parts of urea, 3 parts of calcium superphosphate, 3 parts of zinc sulfate, 3 parts of magnesium sulfate, 2.5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 2.5 parts of cellulose powder to be uniformly mixed, and drying the mixture to obtain a cellulose decomposition bacteria culture material with the water content of 12%;
s2, uniformly paving the cellulose decomposition bacteria culture material obtained in the S1 on a culture bed, wherein the thickness of a material layer is 13cm, sowing can be carried out when the temperature of the material is reduced to 27 ℃, uniformly scattering the cultivated species obtained in the S2 on the material surface according to the inoculation amount of 4.5%, slightly compacting and flattening, and enabling the strains to be deposited into the material by 2.5 cm;
s3, after sowing for 2.5d, closing the door and the window and keeping the air humidity at 82%; sowing for 14.5 days, and covering soil when hypha basically grows over the material layer, wherein the thickness of the covered soil is 4.5 cm; after covering soil, adjusting water content to ensure that the water content of a soil layer is kept at 18%, the relative humidity of air is kept at 88%, and the temperature is 12.5 ℃, and then screening healthy cellulose decomposing bacteria;
s4, uniformly mixing 5 parts of cellulolytic bacteria obtained in S3 with 8 parts of corn, 7 parts of carrot, 4 parts of grape vine, 5 parts of pumpkin leaf, 3 parts of coarse bran, 5 parts of propolis, 2 parts of bean curd residue, 5 parts of vinasse, 2 parts of bran, 4 parts of bean pulp, 4 parts of wild hay, 3 parts of shell powder, 2.5 parts of fish meal, 4.5 parts of bran, 1.5 parts of japonica rice straw, 4.5 parts of soybean straw, 2 parts of composite bacteria, 5 parts of composite mineral, 2 parts of composite vitamin and 4 parts of traditional Chinese medicine additive in parts by weight, and preparing a granular mutton sheep feed by a granulator;
s5, the mutton sheep feed obtained in the S4 is used for cultivating mutton sheep, the feeding amount is 3.2kg/d, and excrement discharged by the mutton sheep every day is put into the cellulose decomposition bacteria culture material in the S1 to supplement the nitrogen source in the cellulose decomposition bacteria culture material.
In S4, the composite bacteria are prepared from lactobacillus, bifidobacterium, streptococcus, bacillus and yeast according to the weight ratio of 2.5: 2.5: 4.5: 4.5: 7 are mixed. In S4, the compound vitamin is prepared from vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E and vitamin B1 in a weight ratio of 3: 2.5: 2.5: 4.5 mixing. In S4, the Chinese medicinal additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 7 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 3 parts of fleece-flower root, 4 parts of angelica, 2 parts of liquorice, 8 parts of malt, 2 parts of hawthorn, 4 parts of astragalus, 3 parts of primary fragrance, 5 parts of honeysuckle and 2 parts of isatis root.
Example 5
The invention provides a method for constructing a biological bacteria mutton sheep circulating breeding ecosystem, which comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly mixing 8 parts of straw, 7 parts of tobacco stalk scraps, 4 parts of sheep manure, 3.5 parts of gypsum, 2 parts of urea, 3 parts of miscanthus floridulus, 3 parts of sorghum husk, 3 parts of sawdust, 2.5 parts of rice bran, 3 parts of soybean meal and 2 parts of dry sheep manure according to parts by weight, grinding the mixture to 280-mesh superfine powder, adding water to the superfine powder to uniformly mix the superfine powder, fermenting the mixture at 55 ℃ for 35 hours, cooling the mixture to room temperature, adding 3 parts of quicklime to adjust the pH value to 8.2, adding 3.5 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 3 parts of urea, 3 parts of calcium superphosphate, 3 parts of zinc sulfate, 3 parts of magnesium sulfate, 2.5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 2.5 parts of cellulose powder to uniformly mix the mixture, and drying the mixture until the water content of cellulose decomposition bacteria culture material is 12;
s2, uniformly paving the cellulose decomposition bacteria culture material obtained in the S1 on a culture bed, wherein the thickness of a material layer is 13cm, sowing can be carried out when the temperature of the material is reduced to 27 ℃, uniformly scattering the cultivated species obtained in the S2 on the material surface according to the inoculation amount of 4.5%, slightly compacting and flattening, and enabling the strains to be deposited into the material by 2.5 cm;
s3, after sowing for 2.5d, closing the door and the window and keeping the air humidity at 82%; sowing for 14.5 days, and covering soil when hypha basically grows over the material layer, wherein the thickness of the covered soil is 4.5 cm; after covering soil, adjusting water content to ensure that the water content of a soil layer is kept at 18%, the relative humidity of air is kept at 88%, and the temperature is 12.5 ℃, and then screening healthy cellulose decomposing bacteria;
s4, uniformly mixing 5 parts of cellulolytic bacteria obtained in S3 with 8 parts of corn, 7 parts of carrot, 4 parts of grape vine, 5 parts of pumpkin leaf, 3 parts of coarse bran, 5 parts of propolis, 2 parts of bean curd residue, 5 parts of vinasse, 2 parts of bran, 4 parts of bean pulp, 4 parts of wild hay, 3 parts of shell powder, 2.5 parts of fish meal, 4.5 parts of bran, 1.5 parts of japonica rice straw, 4.5 parts of soybean straw, 2 parts of composite bacteria, 5 parts of composite mineral, 2 parts of composite vitamin and 4 parts of traditional Chinese medicine additive in parts by weight, and preparing a granular mutton sheep feed by a granulator;
s5, the mutton sheep feed obtained in the S4 is used for cultivating mutton sheep, the feeding amount is 3.2kg/d, and excrement discharged by the mutton sheep every day is put into the cellulose decomposition bacteria culture material in the S1 to supplement the nitrogen source in the cellulose decomposition bacteria culture material.
In S4, the composite bacteria comprise lactobacillus, bifidobacterium, streptococcus, bacillus and yeast according to the weight ratio of 1.5: 4.5: 3.5: 5.5: 6, mixing the components. In S4, the compound vitamin is prepared from vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E and vitamin B1 in a weight ratio of 2: 4.5: 1.5: 5.5 mixing. In S4, the Chinese medicinal additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 5 parts of fleece-flower root, 2 parts of angelica, 5 parts of liquorice, 4 parts of malt, 4 parts of hawthorn, 3 parts of astragalus, 4 parts of primary fragrance, 4 parts of honeysuckle and 6 parts of isatis root.
In 3 months of 2015, by adopting the construction method of the biological bacterium mutton sheep circular breeding ecosystem in the embodiment 1-5, mutton sheep are actually bred, a blank control group is set, the blank control group is used for captive breeding of mutton sheep in a conventional captive breeding mode, the selected mutton sheep varieties in the embodiment 1-5 and the blank control group are all small tailed han sheep, 12 samples are taken from each group, two repetitions are set, the weight of mutton sheep lambs before each group is uniformly distributed, the initial total weight of each group is adjusted to be the same (the total weight difference of the mutton sheep in each group is within 0.2 kg), the feed supply in the breeding process is consistent, the environmental temperature and the humidity are the same, the mutton sheep are out of the breeding in the same year after the breeding, the mutton sheep out of the breeding is weighed, the weight gain of each mutton sheep is counted, the average yield of each mutton sheep of each group in the embodiment 1-5 relative to the blank control group is further calculated, the data obtained from the mutton sheep breeding test are shown in table 1 below. The mutton sheep quality was further determined, and the meat purity, eye muscle area (cm2), and sebum rate were determined after slaughtering each group of mutton sheep, and the data were as shown in table 2 below.
TABLE 1 mutton sheep yield survey statistics of practicing the present invention to mutton sheep breeding trials
| Item | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 | Blank control group |
| Average yield increase (kg) | 9.6 | 8.1 | 7.6 | 7.1 | 6.6 | 0 |
| Meat purity (kg) | 58.6 | 58.1 | 57.9 | 57.2 | 56.3 | 54 |
| Eye muscle area (cm)2) | 17.5 | 17.2 | 16.9 | 16.4 | 15.9 | 14.1 |
| Rate of sebum | 11.4 | 11.6 | 11.8 | 11.9 | 12 | 12.4 |
According to the data obtained in tables 1 and 2, it can be found that the mutton sheep are circularly cultured by the biological bacteria of the present invention
The method for constructing the ecosystem is used for breeding the mutton sheep, and both the yield and the quality of the mutton sheep are obviously improved, so that the method for constructing the biological bacteria mutton sheep circulating breeding ecosystem not only fully utilizes cheap local feed resources, but also realizes the recycling of resources of captive mutton sheep, greatly improves the yield and the quality of the bred mutton sheep, and has important industrial value.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A construction method of a biological bacteria mutton sheep circulating breeding ecosystem comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly mixing 5 parts of straw, 8 parts of tobacco stalk scraps, 3 parts of sheep manure, 4 parts of gypsum, 1 part of urea, 2 parts of miscanthus floridulus, 4 parts of sorghum husk, 2 parts of sawdust, 3 parts of rice bran, 2 parts of bran, 4 parts of bean pulp and 1 part of dry sheep manure according to parts by weight, grinding the mixture to 300-mesh superfine powder, adding water, uniformly mixing, fermenting at 50 ℃ for 40 hours, cooling to room temperature, adding 2 parts of quicklime to adjust the pH value to 8.5, adding 3 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 4 parts of urea, 2 parts of calcium superphosphate, 4 parts of zinc sulfate, 2 parts of magnesium sulfate, 3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 2 parts of cellulose powder, uniformly mixing, and drying to obtain a cellulose decomposition bacteria culture material with the water content of 15%;
s2, uniformly paving the cellulose decomposition bacteria culture material obtained in the S1 on a culture bed, wherein the thickness of a material layer is 12cm, sowing can be carried out when the temperature of the material is reduced to 28 ℃, and strains are uniformly scattered on the material surface according to 4% of inoculation amount, lightly compacted and leveled, so that the strains are deposited into the material by 3 cm;
s3, after sowing for 2d, closing the door and the window and keeping the air humidity at 75%; sowing for 16d, and covering soil when hypha basically grows over the material layer, wherein the thickness of the covered soil is 3 cm; after covering soil, adjusting water content to keep the water content of a soil layer at 25%, keeping the relative humidity of air at 80% and the temperature at 14 ℃, and then screening healthy cellulose decomposing bacteria;
s4, uniformly mixing 3 parts of cellulose decomposition bacteria obtained in S3 with 25 parts of corn, 2 parts of carrot, 9 parts of grape vine, 1 part of pumpkin leaf, 5 parts of coarse bran, 3 parts of propolis, 4 parts of bean curd residue, 2 parts of vinasse, 6 parts of bran, 2 parts of bean pulp, 9 parts of wild hay, 1 part of shell powder, 4 parts of fish meal, 3 parts of bran, 3 parts of japonica rice straw, 2 parts of soybean straw, 4 parts of compound bacteria, 3 parts of compound mineral substances, 5 parts of compound vitamin and 2 parts of traditional Chinese medicine additives in parts by weight, and preparing a granular mutton sheep feed by a granulator;
s5, applying the mutton sheep feed obtained in the S4 to mutton sheep breeding with the feeding amount of 4kg/d, and throwing excrement discharged by mutton sheep every day into cellulose-decomposing bacteria culture material in the S1 to supplement a nitrogen source in the cellulose-decomposing bacteria culture material;
wherein in S4, the composite bacteria comprise lactobacillus, bifidobacterium, streptococcus, bacillus and yeast according to the weight ratio of 1: 5: 3: 6: 5, mixing the components;
in S4, the compound vitamin is vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E and vitamin B1 in a weight ratio of 1: 5: 1: 6, mixing;
in S4, the Chinese medicinal additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 6 parts of fleece-flower root, 1 part of angelica, 6 parts of liquorice, 3 parts of malt, 5 parts of hawthorn, 2 parts of astragalus, 5 parts of primary fragrance, 3 parts of honeysuckle and 7 parts of isatis root.
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| CN106962276A (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2017-07-21 | 吉林省农业科学院 | A kind of mutton sheep intensive manufacture integrated technology |
| CN108450649A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-08-28 | 贵港正邦农牧科技有限公司 | A kind of feed and preparation method thereof suitable for period of pregnancy she-goat |
| CN108522839A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-09-14 | 贵港正邦农牧科技有限公司 | A kind of fermented feed and preparation method thereof of enhancing goat immune power |
| CN108142367A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-06-12 | 贵港正邦农牧科技有限公司 | A kind of diseases prevention cultural method of children sheep |
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| CN109006683A (en) | 2018-12-18 |
| CN109006684B (en) | 2021-05-07 |
| CN109006684A (en) | 2018-12-18 |
| CN105850883A (en) | 2016-08-17 |
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