CN108997711B - 一种吸波浸渍胶液和吸波蜂窝及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种吸波浸渍胶液和吸波蜂窝及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种吸波浸渍胶液,包括:双组份环氧树脂;溶剂;聚醚类硅氧烷;以及炭粉;其中,所述双组份环氧树脂与所述溶剂的质量之比为1:3~1:5,所述双组份环氧树脂与所述炭粉的质量之比为3:1~6:1,并且所述吸波浸渍胶液中所述聚醚类硅氧烷的质量份数为0.05%~0.2%。本发明还提供了一种吸波浸渍胶液的制备方法和一种吸波蜂窝及其制备方法。本发明通过用吸波胶液浸渍蜂窝,制备出了不堵孔、不变形、吸波性能优异的吸波蜂窝,可广泛地应用于航空航天领域,飞机、雷达罩等领域。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及复合材料领域,具体而言,涉及一种吸波浸渍胶液和吸波蜂窝及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着现代技术的不断发展,越来越多的电子产品进入到我们的日常生活和工作中,人们对电子产品的依赖度也越来越高,但是它们在给我们的生活带来越来越多的便利的同时,其产生的大量的电磁辐射也对我们的健康造成很大的威胁。例如,在机场,飞机航班因电磁波干扰无法起飞而误点;在医院,移动电话常会干扰各种电子诊疗仪器的正常工作。因此,研究一种能较好地抵挡并削弱电磁波辐射的吸波材料具有十分重要的意义。
此外,在军事上,如果能在飞机、导弹、坦克、舰艇、仓库等各种武器装备和军事设施上涂覆吸收材料,就可以吸收侦察电波、衰减反射信号,从而突破敌方雷达的防区,这是反雷达侦察的一种有力手段,可以减少武器系统遭受导弹和激光武器的袭击。因此,对吸波材料的研究在增强我国的军事能力,提高军队的战斗力方面也具有极其重大的价值。
蜂窝形结构的材料外形与自然界的蜂窝类似,具有独特的六边形结构,能均匀地承受外界施加的力,并且质量较轻,可以在保证足够的强度的同时,最大限度的减轻材料的重量,因此蜂窝形结构的材料是一种重要的基体材料。
在蜂窝形结构上涂覆吸波胶液是制备吸波蜂窝的重要手段之一,它能够满足吸波材料对“厚度薄、质量轻、频带宽、吸收强”的要求,但是现有的蜂窝浸渍工艺是使用电吹风机或者压缩气体吹除蜂窝的格孔壁洞的胶液,很容易导致堵孔现象,严重影响打孔蜂窝质量。
发明内容
针对相关技术中的问题,本发明研究了一种吸波蜂窝的制备方法,以提供一种不堵孔、不变形、吸波性能优异的吸波蜂窝。
根据本发明的一个方面,提供了一种吸波浸渍胶液,包括:双组份环氧树脂;溶剂;聚醚类硅氧烷;炭粉;其中,所述双组份环氧树脂与所述溶剂的质量之比为1:3~1:5,所述双组份环氧树脂与所述炭粉的质量之比为3:1~6:1,并且所述吸波浸渍胶液中所述聚醚类硅氧烷的质量分数为0.05%~0.2%。
在上述吸波浸渍胶液中,所述双组份环氧树脂与所述溶剂的质量之比为1:4,所述双组份环氧树脂与所述炭粉的质量之比为5:1,并且所述吸波浸渍胶液中所述聚醚类硅氧烷的质量分数为0.1%。
在上述吸波浸渍胶液中,所述双组份环氧树脂包括环氧树脂和固化剂,其中,所述环氧树脂包括双酚A型环氧树脂、双酚F型环氧树脂或者它们的混合物,所述固化剂包括:二乙烯三胺、三乙烯四胺或四乙烯五胺中的一种或者多种的组合。
在上述吸波浸渍胶液中,所述双组份环氧树脂中所述环氧树脂和所述固化剂的质量比为100:5~100:20。
在上述吸波浸渍胶液中,所述双组份环氧树脂中所述环氧树脂和所述固化剂的质量比为10:1。
在上述吸波浸渍胶液中,所述溶剂为甲醇、乙醇、乙酸乙酯、丙酮、丁酮或丙醇甲醚的一种或多种的组合。
在上述吸波浸渍胶液中,所述聚醚类硅氧烷为聚醚类硅氧烷润湿剂A-008h、聚醚类硅氧烷润湿剂A-004h或聚醚类硅氧烷润湿剂W-23h中的一种或多种的组合。
根据本发明的另一方面,还提供了上述吸波浸渍胶液的吸波浸渍胶液制备方法,所述制备方法包括:
将所述双组份环氧树脂用所述溶剂溶解后,加入所述聚醚类硅氧烷进行润湿,混合均匀后,加入用作吸波剂的炭粉,混合均匀后,得到所述吸波浸渍胶液。
在上述制备方法中,所述制备方法包括:将所述双组份环氧树脂用溶剂溶解后,加入聚醚类硅氧烷润湿剂进行润湿,高速搅拌8-12分钟混合均匀后,得到双组份环氧树脂混合溶液;以及向所述双组份环氧树脂混合溶液中加入炭粉,搅拌20-40分钟,球磨1.5-2.5小时,混合均匀后,得到所述吸波浸渍胶液。
根据本发明的另一方面,还提供了一种吸波蜂窝的制备方法,所述制备方法包括:将蜂窝浸渍到上述的吸波浸渍胶液中,将浸渍有所述吸波浸渍胶液的所述蜂窝取出、固化,制得吸波蜂窝。
在上述制备方法中,将所述蜂窝在所述吸波浸渍胶液中浸渍4~6分钟,取出,吹去所述蜂窝孔格壁的所述吸波浸渍胶液,在80~120℃的温度下固化1~2小时,制得所述吸波蜂窝。
在上述制备方法中,所述蜂窝为芳纶蜂窝。
根据本发明的又一方面,还提供了一种由上述制备方法制备的吸波蜂窝。
本发明提供了一种吸波浸渍胶液和一种吸波蜂窝及其制备方法。本发明通过利用双组份环氧树脂、溶剂、聚醚类硅氧烷、吸波剂炭粉制得吸波胶液,其中,所述双组份环氧树脂与所述溶剂的质量之比为1:3~1:5,所述双组份环氧树脂与所述炭粉的质量之比为3:1~6:1,并且所述吸波浸渍胶液中所述聚醚类硅氧烷的质量分数为0.05%~0.2%。用该吸波胶液浸渍蜂窝,固化,制得吸波蜂窝。本发明通过添加具有极低表面张力和具有消泡性质的聚醚类硅氧烷润湿剂来降低吸波胶液表面的张力,使其在蜂窝表面快速均匀地铺展涂覆,从而得到不堵孔、不变形且具有优异的吸波性能的吸波蜂窝材料,其可广泛地应用于航空航天,飞机、雷达罩等领域。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是根据本发明实施例的制备吸波浸渍胶液的流程图。
图2是根据本发明实施例的制备吸波蜂窝的流程图。
图3是根据本发明优选实施例的制备吸波蜂窝的整体流程图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明提供的吸波浸渍胶液和吸波蜂窝的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
吸波浸渍胶液的制备:
如图1中的步骤S101所示,将双组份环氧树脂用溶剂溶解后,加入润湿剂,混合均匀后,得到混合物。在该步骤中,双组份环氧树脂与溶剂的质量之比为1:3~1:5,在1600转/分钟~2000转/分钟的搅拌速率下搅拌8~12分钟,优选地,在1800转/分钟的搅拌速率下搅拌10分钟,混合均匀后得到所述混合物。其中,溶剂为乙醇、乙酸乙酯、丙酮、丁酮、丙醇甲醚的一种或多种的组合。润湿剂为聚醚硅氧烷润湿剂A-008、聚醚类硅氧烷润湿剂A-004或聚醚类硅氧烷润湿剂W-23中的一种或多种的组合,并且吸波浸渍胶液中聚醚类硅氧烷的质量份数为0.05%~0.2%。其中,双组份环氧树脂包括环氧树脂和固化剂,其中,环氧树脂包括双酚A型环氧树脂、双酚F型环氧树脂或者它们的混合物,固化剂包括:二乙烯三胺、三乙烯四胺或四乙烯五胺中的一种或者多种的组合。双组份环氧树脂中所述环氧树脂和所述固化剂的质量比为100:5~100:20。
如图1中的步骤S102所示,向混合物中加入吸波剂炭粉,混合均匀后球磨,得到吸波胶液。在该步骤中,双组份环氧树脂与炭粉的质量之比为3:1~6:1,搅拌20~40分钟混合均匀后,倒入球磨罐中球磨1.5~2.5小时,优选地,搅拌30分钟混合均匀后,倒入球磨罐中球磨2小时,得到吸波浸渍胶液。
吸波蜂窝的制备:
如图2中的步骤S103所示,将蜂窝浸渍到在步骤S102中制备的吸波浸渍胶液中,在该步骤中,将所述蜂窝在所述吸波胶液中浸渍4~6分钟,优选地,浸渍5分钟。
如图2中的步骤S104所示,将浸渍有所述吸波浸渍胶液的所述蜂窝取出、固化,制得吸波蜂窝。在该步骤中,将浸渍有所述吸波浸渍胶液的所述蜂窝取出,吹去所述蜂窝孔格壁的所述胶液,在烘箱中在80~120℃的温度下固化1~2小时,制得所述吸波蜂窝。其中,蜂窝为芳纶蜂窝。
图3是根据本发明优选实施例的制备吸波蜂窝的整体流程图。具体地,在步骤S105中,将双组份环氧树脂用溶剂溶解后,加入聚醚类硅氧烷润湿剂,得到双组份环氧树脂混合物;在步骤S106中,向双组份环氧树脂混合物中加入碳粉,搅拌20-40分钟,球磨1.5-2.5小时,混合均匀后球磨,得到吸波浸渍胶液;在步骤107中,将蜂窝浸渍到吸波浸渍胶液中,将浸渍有所述吸波浸渍胶液的所述蜂窝取出、固化,制得吸波蜂窝。上述步骤中的具体的操作工艺参见图1和图2中的相应步骤。
本发明提供的吸波蜂窝的制备方法,通过利用双组份环氧树脂、溶剂、润湿剂、炭粉制得吸波胶液,用该吸波胶液浸渍蜂窝,固化,制得吸波蜂窝。通过该方法制备的吸波胶液可以均匀地涂覆于蜂窝表面,因此,所制备的吸波蜂窝不堵孔、不变形且具有优异的吸波性能,可广泛地应用于航空航天领域,飞机、雷达罩等领域。
实施例1
将100g双组份环氧树脂用400g乙醇溶解后,加入0.5g聚醚类硅氧烷润湿剂A-008,在1600转/分钟的搅拌速率下搅拌10分钟,混合均匀后得到混合物。向混合物中加入20g吸波剂炭粉,搅拌30分钟混合均匀后,倒入球磨罐中球磨2小时,得到吸波胶液,其中,双组份环氧树脂包括双酚A型环氧树脂和固化剂,固化剂为二乙烯三胺,双组份环氧树脂中,环氧树脂和所述固化剂的质量比为20:1。
将芳纶蜂窝在吸波胶液中浸渍5分钟,取出,吹去芳纶蜂窝的孔格壁中的所述胶液,在烘箱中在80℃的温度下固化1小时,制得所述吸波蜂窝。
实施例2
将100g双组份环氧树脂用400g乙酸乙酯溶解后,加入1g聚醚类硅氧烷润湿剂A-008,在2000转/分钟的搅拌速率下搅拌10分钟,混合均匀后得到混合物。向混合物中加入20g吸波剂炭粉,搅拌30分钟混合均匀后,倒入球磨罐中球磨2小时,得到吸波胶液,其中,双组份环氧树脂包括双酚F型环氧树脂和固化剂,固化剂为三乙烯四胺。双组份环氧树脂中环氧树脂和固化剂的质量比为5:1。
将芳纶蜂窝在吸波胶液中浸渍5分钟,取出,吹去芳纶蜂窝的孔格壁中的所述胶液,在烘箱中在120℃的温度下固化2小时,制得所述吸波蜂窝。
实施例3
将100g份双组份环氧树脂用400g丙酮溶解后,加入0.5g聚醚硅氧烷润湿剂A-008,在1800转/分钟的搅拌速率下搅拌10分钟,混合均匀后得到混合物。向混合物中加入20g吸波剂炭粉,搅拌30分钟混合均匀后,倒入球磨罐中球磨2小时,得到吸波胶液,其中,双组份环氧树脂包括双酚A型环氧树脂和固化剂,固化剂为四乙烯五胺。双组份环氧树脂中环氧树脂和固化剂的质量比为10:1。
将芳纶蜂窝在吸波胶液中浸渍5分钟,取出,吹去芳纶蜂窝的孔格壁中的所述胶液,在烘箱中在100℃的温度下固化1.5小时,制得吸波蜂窝。
实施例4
将100g双组份环氧树脂用400g丁酮溶解后,加入0.5g聚醚硅氧烷润湿剂W-23,在1700转/分钟的搅拌速率下搅拌10分钟,混合均匀后得到混合物。向混合物中加入20g吸波剂炭粉,搅拌30分钟混合均匀后,倒入球磨罐中球磨2小时,得到吸波胶液,其中,双组份环氧树脂包括双酚A型环氧树脂和固化剂,固化剂为三乙烯四胺。双组份环氧树脂中环氧树脂和固化剂的质量比为15:1。
将芳纶蜂窝在吸波胶液中浸渍5分钟,取出,吹去芳纶蜂窝的孔格壁中的所述胶液,在烘箱中在85℃的温度下固化2小时,制得所述吸波蜂窝。
实施例5
将100g双组份环氧树脂用300g丙醇甲醚溶解后,加入0.425g聚醚硅氧烷润湿剂A-004,在1900转/分钟的搅拌速率下搅拌8分钟,混合均匀后得到混合物。向混合物中加入25g吸波剂炭粉,搅拌20分钟混合均匀后,倒入球磨罐中球磨2.5小时,得到吸波胶液,其中,双组份环氧树脂包括双酚F型环氧树脂和固化剂,固化剂为四乙烯五胺。双组份环氧树脂中环氧树脂和固化剂的质量比为12:1。
将芳纶蜂窝在吸波胶液中浸渍6分钟,取出,吹去芳纶蜂窝的孔格壁中的所述胶液,在烘箱中在110℃的温度下固化1.5小时,制得所述吸波蜂窝。
实施例6
将100g双组份环氧树脂用450g丙醇甲醚溶解后,加入0.8聚醚类硅氧烷润湿剂A-008,在1700转/分钟的搅拌速率下搅拌12分钟,混合均匀后得到混合物。向混合物中加入18g吸波剂炭粉,搅拌25分钟混合均匀后,倒入球磨罐中球磨2.5小时,得到吸波胶液,其中,双组份环氧树脂包括双酚A型环氧树脂和固化剂,固化剂为三乙烯四胺。双组份环氧树脂中环氧树脂和固化剂的质量比为8:1。
将芳纶蜂窝在吸波胶液中浸渍4分钟,取出,吹去芳纶蜂窝的孔格壁中的所述胶液,在烘箱中在100℃的温度下固化1小时,制得所述吸波蜂窝。
实施例7
将100g双组份环氧树脂用500g丁酮溶解后,加入0.8g聚醚硅氧烷润湿剂,在1700转/分钟的搅拌速率下搅拌12分钟,混合均匀后得到混合物。向混合物中加入30g吸波剂炭粉,搅拌40分钟混合均匀后,倒入球磨罐中球磨1.5小时,得到吸波胶液,其中,双组份环氧树脂包括双酚A型环氧树脂和固化剂,固化剂为三乙烯四胺。双组份环氧树脂中环氧树脂和固化剂的质量比为18:1。
将芳纶蜂窝在吸波胶液中浸渍5分钟,取出,吹去芳纶蜂窝的孔格壁中的所述胶液,在烘箱中在85℃的温度下固化2小时,制得所述吸波蜂窝。
对实施例1至实施例7中制备得到的吸波胶液通过吊片方法进行表面张力测试,测试结果如下:
表1表面张力测试结果
结果显示:上述实施例的技术方案可以实现吸波胶液的较低的表面张力,从而可以实现在吸波胶液在蜂窝表面快速铺展涂覆,并且蜂窝不易堵孔。
对实施例1至实施例7中制备得到的吸波蜂窝通过微波暗室法方法进行吸波性能测试,测试结果如下:
表2吸波性能测试结果
结果显示:上述实施例的技术方案所提供的吸波蜂窝具有优异的吸波性能。
可见,本发明提供了一种吸波浸渍胶液和一种吸波蜂窝及其制备方法,通过利用双组份环氧树脂、溶剂、润湿剂、炭粉制得吸波胶液,用该吸波胶液浸渍蜂窝,固化,制得吸波蜂窝。本发明通过添加具有极低表面张力和具有消泡性质的聚醚类硅氧烷润湿剂来降低吸波胶液表面的张力,使其在蜂窝表面快速均匀地铺展涂覆,从而得到不堵孔、不变形且具有优异的吸波性能的吸波蜂窝材料,其可广泛地应用于航空航天,飞机、雷达罩等领域。
以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
1.一种吸波蜂窝的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括:
将蜂窝浸渍到吸波浸渍胶液中,将浸渍有所述吸波浸渍胶液的所述蜂窝取出、在80~85℃的温度下固化1~2小时,制得吸波蜂窝;
所述吸波浸渍胶液包括:双组份环氧树脂、溶剂、聚醚类硅氧烷和炭粉;
其中,所述双组份环氧树脂与所述溶剂的质量之比为1:3~1:5,所述双组份环氧树脂与所述炭粉的质量之比为3:1~6:1,并且所述吸波浸渍胶液中所述聚醚类硅氧烷的质量分数为0.05%~0.2%;
其中,所述双组份环氧树脂包括环氧树脂和固化剂,所述环氧树脂和所述固化剂的质量比为100:5~100:20,所述环氧树脂包括双酚A型环氧树脂、双酚F型环氧树脂或者它们的混合物;
其中,所述吸波浸渍胶液的表面张力为26.2mN/m、27.6mN/m、29.7mN/m、30.0mN/m、30.8mN/m、32.1mN/m或者34.7mN/m。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述双组份环氧树脂与所述溶剂的质量之比为1:4,所述双组份环氧树脂与所述炭粉的质量之比为5:1,并且所述吸波浸渍胶液中所述聚醚类硅氧烷的质量分数为0.1%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述固化剂包括:二乙烯三胺、三乙烯四胺或四乙烯五胺中的一种或者多种的组合。
4.根据权利要求3所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述双组份环氧树脂中所述环氧树脂和所述固化剂的质量比为10:1。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述溶剂为甲醇、乙醇、乙酸乙酯、丙酮、丁酮或丙醇甲醚的一种或多种的组合。
6.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述聚醚类硅氧烷为聚醚类硅氧烷润湿剂A-008h、聚醚类硅氧烷润湿剂A-004h或聚醚类硅氧烷润湿剂W-23h中的一种或多种的组合。
7.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,将所述蜂窝在所述吸波浸渍胶液中浸渍4~6分钟,取出,吹去所述蜂窝孔格壁的所述吸波浸渍胶液,在80~85℃的温度下固化1~2小时,制得所述吸波蜂窝。
8.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述蜂窝为芳纶蜂窝。
9.一种根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的制备方法制备的吸波蜂窝。
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