CN108934831A - A kind of cultural method of balsam pear - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method of balsam pear Download PDFInfo
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- CN108934831A CN108934831A CN201810871698.2A CN201810871698A CN108934831A CN 108934831 A CN108934831 A CN 108934831A CN 201810871698 A CN201810871698 A CN 201810871698A CN 108934831 A CN108934831 A CN 108934831A
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- balsam pear
- melon
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of cultural methods of balsam pear, comprise the following steps that step S1, the selection of cultivation plot；Step S2, sowing time selection；Step S3, site preparation, fertilising, sowing；Step S4, field management；Step S5, harvesting；Step S6, reserves seed for planting.The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the yield and quality of balsam pear can greatly be improved, and cultural method wide adaptability, it is conducive to promote and apply.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of agricultural cultivation, and in particular to a kind of cultural method of balsam pear.
Background technique
Balsam pear also known as balsam pear are cucurbitaceous plants, are annual climbing herb.Stem, branch, petiole and bennet have draped over one's shoulders pubescence,
Axillary tendril.The diameter of leaf has 5 to 7 road palmate drastic cracks, sliver is oval, and there is sawtooth in outer up to 3 to 12 centimetres.
At the end of spring and the beginning of summer bloom, monoecism, yellow.Fruit oblong, surface have most irregular strumaes.Seed is hidden in meat
There is red capsule to wrap up among matter fruit, when mature.Balsam pear is a kind of favorite vegetables of people, South Asia, Southeast Asia, China,
There is extensive plantation with Caribbean archipelago.Especially we are national, and the staple crops of many Shelter in South China Cities are mainly hardship
Melon, source of finance are also mainly balsam pear.But it is the low output of current balsam pear, poor quality, it is unable to satisfy the demand of people.
Summary of the invention
In conclusion in order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of balsam pears
Cultural method.
The technical scheme to solve the above technical problems is that a kind of cultural method of balsam pear, including following step
It is rapid:
Step S1, the selection of cultivation plot: milpa selection faces south in ventilation, and 500 meters of height above sea level or more, well-drained loose sand
Loam；
Step S2, sowing time selection: mountain area April early and middle ten days to mid-May sow, 500 meters of height above sea level or more of alpine region is 4
The sowing of the first tenday period of a month to the late April moon；
Step S3, site preparation, fertilising, sowing: flat canopy melon builds up 4 meters of wide furrow, and base manure is applied near one side of furrow, plantation row；Between
Make melon need not separately site preparation, dig cave by 1 meter of distance and be planted in eggplant, capsicum or the furrow of other crops center；Balsam pear growth period
Interior mu applies column fertile 1000 kilograms, 20 kilograms of compound fertilizer, 2000 kilograms of human excrement；After first basking seeds one day before broadcasting, then by seed with 50-
55 DEG C of warm water, which soak 15 minutes, to be sterilized, and is then impregnated 4 hours, is dressed seed with calcium magnesium phosphate and plant ash, two seeds of every bunch planting, water pours
Mulch moisture-heat preservation is covered after wet, timely rupture of membranes earthing after emergence；
Step S4, field management: when balsam pear seedling grows to 21 heart of leaf, one plant of balsam pear seedling is stayed in every cave, deletes extra balsam pear seedling, and
It was poured every 5 days and applies l night soil, balsam pear seedling is promoted to overgrow length；Increase dose when 1 meter of climing length, prosperous fruiting period increases fertilising time
Number, l fertilising of every harvesting are primary；It often keeps wet to melon, puts up a shed in time within 1 month after final singling, flat every plant of canopy melon is inserted one
Then bamboo sets up 2 meters of great Ping Peng one high between two row balsam pears；Balsam pear intercropping and interplanting spit it is climing after, stand bamboo pole, then use
Straw rope links up bamboo pole, and both ends form ridge with rope；
The side shoot of main stem base portion attenuating and bud are extractd, after main stem grows into frame, top brain is extractd and trims excessive male flower
And side shoot, retain 2-3 side shoots and orderliness is evenly distributed on frame；Base portion old leaf, yellow leaf are extractd in time, by male and female flowering
The ratio of 1:2 plucks excessive male flower；While picking listing, 30 kilograms of compound fertilizer or 2000 kilograms of night soil are imposed per acre,
Or while drought resisting, 5-10 kilograms of urea are applied with ditch-water per acre；
Step S5, harvesting: in fruit fiber not yet aging, harvesting when tender melon is sufficiently grown up, when root melon grows to six or seven points big
Harvesting in time；
Step S6, reserves seed for planting: using root melon as kind of a melon, kind of a melon being left to after melon skin browning color dries up and is harvested, is placed on indoor after-ripening, so
After cut open son and dry.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the yield and quality of balsam pear can greatly be improved, and cultural method adaptability
Extensively, it is conducive to promote and apply.
Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows:
Further, the seeding method of live streaming is selected in step S3；
Further, early morning cuts balsam pear with scissors and is picked in step S5.
Specific embodiment
Principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with concrete example, the given examples are served only to explain the present invention,
It is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
A kind of cultural method of balsam pear, comprises the following steps that
Step S1, the selection of cultivation plot: balsam pear is not strict with soil, but milpa should select to face south in ventilation, height above sea level
500 meters or more, well-drained loose sandy loam, the influence that can be blossomed and beared fruit in this way to avoid the high temperature of summer to balsam pear,
Improve balsam pear quality and yield.Loosing soil is able to satisfy the root growth of balsam pear prosperity, lays good basis for high yield；
Step S2, sowing time selection: mountain area balsam pear can all be sowed in early and middle ten days in April to mid-May, and the specific time regards height above sea level
The difference of degree and it is different, as height above sea level rises, sowing time makees corresponding postpone.500 meters of height above sea level or more of alpine region is best
Sowing time is early April to late April；
Step S3, site preparation, fertilising, sowing: flat canopy melon builds up 4 meters of wide furrow, and base manure is applied near one side of furrow, plantation row.Between
Make melon need not separately site preparation, dig cave by 1 meter of distance and be planted in the furrow such as eggplant, capsicum center, found bamboo pole later, draw straw rope, carry out
" one continuous line " planting type.Quantity production of bitter melon is high, and base manure dosage is more, and more potassium and suitable nitrogen and phosphorus are needed in growth period.It wants
Mu is asked to apply column fertile 1000 kilograms, 20 kilograms of compound fertilizer, 2000 kilograms of human excrement.The most outdoor cropping of balsam pear, it is disconnected when to prevent transplanting
Main root is preferably broadcast live.After first basking seeds one day before broadcasting, then seed is soaked 15 minutes with 50-55 DEG C of warm water and is sterilized, it is small then to impregnate 4
When, it is dressed seed with calcium magnesium phosphate and plant ash, two seeds of every bunch planting, water covers mulch moisture-heat preservation after watering.After emergence in time
Rupture of membranes earthing；
Step S4, field management: when seedling grows to 21 heart of leaf, a young plant is stayed in every cave, deletes extra seedling, and poured every 5 days and apply l
Secondary night soil promotes seedling to overgrow length.Increase dose when 1 meter or so of climing length, prosperous fruiting period increases fertilizer application frequency, every harvesting l times
Fertilising is primary.It often to keep wet to melon, put up a shed in time within 1 month or so after final singling, flat every plant of canopy melon is inserted a bamboo, then
2 meters or so of great Ping Peng one high is set up between two row balsam pears, solid cultivation makes full use of space and luminous energy.It is covered between balsam pear
Make spit it is climing after, stand bamboo pole, then bamboo pole is linked up with straw rope, both ends rope, formed ridge, space cultivation；For
Promote main stem to mushroom out, the side shoot of main stem base portion attenuating and bud can be extractd.After main stem grows into frame, top brain is extractd
With the excessive male flower of trimming and side shoot, rationally retains 2-3 side shoots and orderliness is evenly distributed on frame.Base portion is extractd in time
Old leaf, yellow leaf pluck excessive male flower in the ratio of male and female flowering 1:2, to save nutriment.The production later period is continuing to carry out field rich water
Management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, emasculation of pruning.While picking listing, also wants emphasis to reinforce top dressing and drought resisting, impose per acre compound
30 kilograms or 2000 kilograms of night soil of fertilizer, or while drought resisting, 5-10 kilograms of urea are applied with ditch-water per acre, to supplement moisture content
And fertility, application is repeatedly combined later, so that plant late growth is vigorous, prevents later period early ageing；
Step S5, harvesting: in fruit fiber not yet aging, harvesting when tender melon is sufficiently grown up, when root melon grows to six or seven points big
It must just harvest, in favor of the growth of other melons, early morning picking is cut with scissors；
Step S6, reserves seed for planting: balsam pear is reserved seed for planting preferably root melon, and root melon knot obtains morning, and growth period is long, and seed is full, and offspring's growth is fast,
It is early to tie melon.Kind melon is left to melon skin browning color, harvests after withered, is placed on indoor after-ripening, then cuts open son and dry.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of cultural method of balsam pear, which is characterized in that comprise the following steps that
Step S1, the selection of cultivation plot: milpa selection faces south in ventilation, and 500 meters of height above sea level or more, well-drained loose sand
Loam；
Step S2, sowing time selection: mountain area April early and middle ten days to mid-May sow, 500 meters of height above sea level or more of alpine region is 4
The sowing of the first tenday period of a month to the late April moon；
Step S3, site preparation, fertilising, sowing: flat canopy melon builds up 4 meters of wide furrow, and base manure is applied near one side of furrow, plantation row；Between
Make melon need not separately site preparation, dig cave by 1 meter of distance and be planted in eggplant, capsicum or the furrow of other crops center；Balsam pear growth period
Interior mu applies column fertile 1000 kilograms, 20 kilograms of compound fertilizer, 2000 kilograms of human excrement；After first basking seeds one day before broadcasting, then by seed with 50-
55 DEG C of warm water, which soak 15 minutes, to be sterilized, and is then impregnated 4 hours, is dressed seed with calcium magnesium phosphate and plant ash, two seeds of every bunch planting, water pours
Mulch moisture-heat preservation is covered after wet, timely rupture of membranes earthing after emergence；
Step S4, field management: when balsam pear seedling grows to 21 heart of leaf, one plant of balsam pear seedling is stayed in every cave, deletes extra balsam pear seedling, and
It was poured every 5 days and applies l night soil, balsam pear seedling is promoted to overgrow length；Increase dose when 1 meter of climing length, prosperous fruiting period increases fertilising time
Number, l fertilising of every harvesting are primary；It often keeps wet to melon, puts up a shed in time within 1 month after final singling, flat every plant of canopy melon is inserted one
Then bamboo sets up 2 meters of great Ping Peng one high between two row balsam pears；Balsam pear intercropping and interplanting spit it is climing after, stand bamboo pole, then use
Straw rope links up bamboo pole, and both ends form ridge with rope；
The side shoot of main stem base portion attenuating and bud are extractd, after main stem grows into frame, top brain is extractd and trims excessive male flower
And side shoot, retain 2-3 side shoots and orderliness is evenly distributed on frame；Base portion old leaf, yellow leaf are extractd in time, by male and female flowering
The ratio of 1:2 plucks excessive male flower；While picking listing, 30 kilograms of compound fertilizer or 2000 kilograms of night soil are imposed per acre,
Or while drought resisting, 5-10 kilograms of urea are applied with ditch-water per acre；
Step S5, harvesting: in fruit fiber not yet aging, harvesting when tender melon is sufficiently grown up, when root melon grows to six or seven points big
Harvesting in time；
Step S6, reserves seed for planting: using root melon as kind of a melon, kind of a melon being left to after melon skin browning color dries up and is harvested, is placed on indoor after-ripening, so
After cut open son and dry.
2. the cultural method of balsam pear according to claim 1, which is characterized in that select the sowing side of live streaming in step S3
Formula.
3. the cultural method of balsam pear according to claim 1, which is characterized in that early morning cuts balsam pear with scissors in step S5
It is picked.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810871698.2A CN108934831A (en) | 2018-08-02 | 2018-08-02 | A kind of cultural method of balsam pear |
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| CN201810871698.2A CN108934831A (en) | 2018-08-02 | 2018-08-02 | A kind of cultural method of balsam pear |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110999734A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-14 | 江西邦谷农业发展有限公司 | Greenhouse bitter gourd seedling insect-prevention cultivation method |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN110999734A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-14 | 江西邦谷农业发展有限公司 | Greenhouse bitter gourd seedling insect-prevention cultivation method |
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Application publication date: 20181207 |