CN105684673A - A greenhouse cultivation method for bitter gourds - Google Patents
A greenhouse cultivation method for bitter gourds Download PDFInfo
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- CN105684673A CN105684673A CN201410687713.XA CN201410687713A CN105684673A CN 105684673 A CN105684673 A CN 105684673A CN 201410687713 A CN201410687713 A CN 201410687713A CN 105684673 A CN105684673 A CN 105684673A
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Abstract
The invention provides a greenhouse cultivation method for bitter gourds and relates to the field of agricultural planting. The method comprises the steps of sowing and seedling raising, timely field planting and field management. In the step of sowing and seedling raising, seed soaking and germination acceleration are performed before sowing; seeds are placed in wet sand; seedlings are transferred to nutrition pots for culture after the seeds sprout; 7-9h sunlight illumination is maintained in the whole seedling stage to promote female flower differentiation; the day temperature of a seedling culture greenhouse is kept at 25 DEG C-30 DEG C and the night temperature is kept at 15 DEG C-18 DEG C, and the seedlings are watered less; when two main leaves emerge, the seedlings are treated by using a bitter gourd production increase agent once every 3-4 days, three times in total. When the seedlings are 34-45 days old and have 5-6 main leaves, field planting is performed and seedling hardening is performed 10 days before the field planting. The seedling raising period is short; the qualified seedling percentage reaches more than 95%; the method is free of season limitation and the seedlings can be propagated all year round; the transplanting survival rate is high; the bitter gourd planting time is shortened, so that the planting generations in a year is increased and the yield of bitter gourds is increased; the method is suitable for manual large-scale cultivation of bitter gourds.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of agricultural cultivation, especially a kind of booth Fructus Momordicae charantiae cultural method。
Background technology
Containing various nutrient substance in Fructus Momordicae charantiae, Fructus Momordicae charantiae is one the highest containing L-sorbose in melon vegetables, is only second to Fructus Capsici in vegetable。In tender fruit, glucoside content is high, bitter in the mouth, and along with fruit maturation, glucoside is decomposed, and bitterness is thin out, many edible tender fruits。Meat is tender and crisp, and bitterness is moderate, and delicate fragrance is good to eat, stir-fry and eat, cook, stewing food, cold and dressed with sauce, make tea, beverage。Pharmaceutically having the curative effects such as appetite stimulator, improving eyesight, aid digestion, refreshing and detoxicating, diuresis and treatment diabetes, be increasingly subject to liking of modern people, demand all increases。But Fructus Momordicae charantiae nursery speed is slow at present, planting percent is low, causes that Fructus Momordicae charantiae implantation time is long, and yield is substantially reduced, it is impossible to meet the market demand。
Summary of the invention
The goal of the invention of the present invention is in that: for above-mentioned Problems existing, it is provided that a kind of booth Fructus Momordicae charantiae cultural method, it is possible to increase nursery speed and planting percent, shortens Fructus Momordicae charantiae implantation time, improves the yield of Fructus Momordicae charantiae。
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows: a kind of booth Fructus Momordicae charantiae cultural method, including step seeding and seedling raising, in good time field planting and field management；Described seeding and seedling raising, for carrying out presoaking and germinating before sowing, is put into seed in the sand of humidity, is moved in nutritive cube and cultivate after emerging, and Fructus Momordicae charantiae is short day property crop, controls 7-9 hours of light whole seedling stage, makes promotion Female flower differentiation；Seedling growth greenhouse day temperature is maintained at 25 DEG C-30 DEG C, night 15 DEG C-18 DEG C, waters less；Starting to process with Fructus Momordicae charantiae production increasing agent from seedling two panels true leaf, every 3-4 days once, totally 3 times；Seedling age 34-45 days, field planting when having a 5-6 sheet true leaf, field planting starts seedling exercising in first 10 days。
Preferably, described in good time field planting be before field planting every square metre execute well-rotted farmyard manure 6-8 kilogram, calcium superphosphate 100 grams, potassium sulfate 30 grams, then plough soil, make high furrow, covering film on furrow；Cultivation duplicate rows on furrow, line-spacing 60-130 centimetre, spacing in the rows 45-65 centimetre, mu field planting 1000-1500 strain。
In booth, the soil moisture is stable more than 10 DEG C, when temperature is not less than 0 DEG C in canopy, gets final product field planting。Practice have shown that, it is fine that Fructus Momordicae charantiae and bile ingredients (or other leaf vegetables) interplant effect, line-spacing 60 centimetres, Fructus Momordicae charantiae spacing in the rows 50 centimetres, bile ingredients spacing in the rows 25 cm, and early stage gets the harvest in quickly 1 batch of leaf vegetables increases income。
Preferably, the lateral bud from less than 50 centimetres of ground and side shoot, for taking out a climing rear herringbone melon frame, are extractd, are given full play to main climing result advantage by described field management；Or after the 1st melon of knot, base portion side shoot is removed, is thinning out unnecessary female melon and female flower, between melon and melon, leaving 2-3 empty joint, 5 joints tie up 1 fruit；Gather after two fruits, see that side shoot 1-3 saves with or without female flower, have, retain, it does not have then cut off；2 trainings are carried out again to the best fruiting period。
In sum; owing to have employed technique scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: booth Fructus Momordicae charantiae cultural method growing-seedling period of the present invention is short, and planting percent is up to more than 95%; and not by seasonality restriction; Zhou Nianjun can numerous Seedling, transplanting survival rate is high, it is possible to shorten Fructus Momordicae charantiae implantation time; increase plantation algebraically in year; improve the yield of Fructus Momordicae charantiae, it is adaptable to the artificial large-scale planting of Fructus Momordicae charantiae, there is important economic benefit。
Detailed description of the invention
All features disclosed in this specification, or the step in disclosed all methods or process, except mutually exclusive feature and/or step, all can combine by any way。
This specification (include any accessory claim, summary) disclosed in any feature, unless specifically stated otherwise, all can by other equivalences or there is the alternative features of similar purpose replaced。That is, unless specifically stated otherwise, each feature is an example in a series of equivalence or similar characteristics。
Embodiment 1
A kind of booth Fructus Momordicae charantiae cultural method, including step seeding and seedling raising, in good time field planting and field management；Described seeding and seedling raising, for carrying out presoaking and germinating before sowing, is put into seed in the sand of humidity, is moved in nutritive cube and cultivate, control 7 hours of light whole seedling stage, make promotion Female flower differentiation after emerging；Seedling growth greenhouse day temperature is maintained at 25 DEG C, night 15 DEG C, waters less；Starting to process with Fructus Momordicae charantiae production increasing agent from seedling two panels true leaf, every 3 days once, totally 3 times；Seedling age 34 days, field planting when having 5 true leaves, field planting starts seedling exercising in first 10 days。
Preferably, described in good time field planting be before field planting every square metre execute well-rotted farmyard manure 6 kilograms, calcium superphosphate 100 grams, potassium sulfate 30 grams, then plough soil, make high furrow, covering film on furrow；Furrow are planted duplicate rows, line-spacing 60 centimetres, spacing in the rows 45 centimetres, mu field planting 1000 strain。
Preferably, the lateral bud from less than 50 centimetres of ground and side shoot, for taking out a climing rear herringbone melon frame, are extractd, are given full play to main climing result advantage by described field management；Or after the 1st melon of knot, base portion side shoot is removed, is thinning out unnecessary female melon and female flower, between melon and melon, leaving 2 empty joints, 5 joints tie up 1 fruit；Gather after two fruits, see that side shoot 1 saves with or without female flower, have, retain, it does not have then cut off；2 trainings are carried out again to the best fruiting period。
Embodiment 2
A kind of booth Fructus Momordicae charantiae cultural method, including step seeding and seedling raising, in good time field planting and field management；Described seeding and seedling raising, for carrying out presoaking and germinating before sowing, is put into seed in the sand of humidity, is moved in nutritive cube and cultivate, control 9 hours of light whole seedling stage, make promotion Female flower differentiation after emerging；Seedling growth greenhouse day temperature is maintained at 30 DEG C, night 18 DEG C, waters less；Starting to process with Fructus Momordicae charantiae production increasing agent from seedling two panels true leaf, every 4 days once, totally 3 times；Seedling age 45 days, field planting when having 6 true leaves, field planting starts seedling exercising in first 10 days。
Preferably, described in good time field planting be before field planting every square metre execute well-rotted farmyard manure 8 kilograms, calcium superphosphate 100 grams, potassium sulfate 30 grams, then plough soil, make high furrow, covering film on furrow；Furrow are planted duplicate rows, line-spacing 130 centimetres, spacing in the rows 65 centimetres, mu field planting 1500 strain。
Preferably, the lateral bud from less than 50 centimetres of ground and side shoot, for taking out a climing rear herringbone melon frame, are extractd, are given full play to main climing result advantage by described field management；Or after the 1st melon of knot, base portion side shoot is removed, is thinning out unnecessary female melon and female flower, between melon and melon, leaving 3 empty joints, 5 joints tie up 1 fruit；Gather after two fruits, see that side shoot 3 saves with or without female flower, have, retain, it does not have then cut off；2 trainings are carried out again to the best fruiting period。
Embodiment 3
A kind of booth Fructus Momordicae charantiae cultural method, including step seeding and seedling raising, in good time field planting and field management；Described seeding and seedling raising, for carrying out presoaking and germinating before sowing, is put into seed in the sand of humidity, is moved in nutritive cube and cultivate, control 8 hours of light whole seedling stage, make promotion Female flower differentiation after emerging；Seedling growth greenhouse day temperature is maintained at 27.5 DEG C, night 16.5 DEG C, waters less；Starting to process with Fructus Momordicae charantiae production increasing agent from seedling two panels true leaf, every 3 days once, totally 3 times；Seedling age 40 days, field planting when having 6 true leaves, field planting starts seedling exercising in first 10 days。
Preferably, described in good time field planting be before field planting every square metre execute well-rotted farmyard manure 7 kilograms, calcium superphosphate 100 grams, potassium sulfate 30 grams, then plough soil, make high furrow, covering film on furrow；Furrow are planted duplicate rows, line-spacing 95 centimetres, spacing in the rows 55 centimetres, mu field planting 1250 strain。
Preferably, the lateral bud from less than 50 centimetres of ground and side shoot, for taking out a climing rear herringbone melon frame, are extractd, are given full play to main climing result advantage by described field management；Or after the 1st melon of knot, base portion side shoot is removed, is thinning out unnecessary female melon and female flower, between melon and melon, leaving 3 empty joints, 5 joints tie up 1 fruit；Gather after two fruits, see that side shoot 2 saves with or without female flower, have, retain, it does not have then cut off；2 trainings are carried out again to the best fruiting period。
The invention is not limited in aforesaid detailed description of the invention。The present invention expands to any new feature disclosed in this manual or any new combination, and the step of the arbitrary new method disclosed or process or any new combination。
Claims (3)
1. a booth Fructus Momordicae charantiae cultural method, it is characterised in that: include step seeding and seedling raising, in good time field planting and field management；Described seeding and seedling raising, for carrying out presoaking and germinating before sowing, is put into seed in the sand of humidity, is moved in nutritive cube and cultivate, control 7-9 hours of light whole seedling stage, make promotion Female flower differentiation after emerging；Seedling growth greenhouse day temperature is maintained at 25 DEG C-30 DEG C, night 15 DEG C-18 DEG C, waters less；Starting to process with Fructus Momordicae charantiae production increasing agent from seedling two panels true leaf, every 3-4 days once, totally 3 times；Seedling age 34-45 days, field planting when having a 5-6 sheet true leaf, field planting starts seedling exercising in first 10 days。
2. booth Fructus Momordicae charantiae cultural method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described in good time field planting be before field planting every square metre execute well-rotted farmyard manure 6-8 kilogram, calcium superphosphate 100 grams, potassium sulfate 30 grams, then plough soil, make high furrow, covering film on furrow；Cultivation duplicate rows on furrow, line-spacing 60-130 centimetre, spacing in the rows 45-65 centimetre, mu field planting 1000-1500 strain。
3. booth Fructus Momordicae charantiae cultural method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: the lateral bud from less than 50 centimetres of ground and side shoot, for taking out a climing rear herringbone melon frame, are extractd, are given full play to main climing result advantage by described field management；Or after the 1st melon of knot, base portion side shoot is removed, is thinning out unnecessary female melon and female flower, between melon and melon, leaving 2-3 empty joint, 5 joints tie up 1 fruit；Gather after two fruits, see that side shoot 1-3 saves with or without female flower, have, retain, it does not have then cut off；2 trainings are carried out again to the best fruiting period。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410687713.XA CN105684673A (en) | 2014-11-25 | 2014-11-25 | A greenhouse cultivation method for bitter gourds |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410687713.XA CN105684673A (en) | 2014-11-25 | 2014-11-25 | A greenhouse cultivation method for bitter gourds |
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| CN105684673A true CN105684673A (en) | 2016-06-22 |
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| CN201410687713.XA Pending CN105684673A (en) | 2014-11-25 | 2014-11-25 | A greenhouse cultivation method for bitter gourds |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106234014A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-21 | 柳州市绿州种植专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods increasing quantity production of bitter melon |
| CN107371448A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-11-24 | 李斌 | A kind of greenhouse direct-seeding planting method of balsam pear |
| CN108934831A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-12-07 | 钟山县德福农产品有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of balsam pear |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103650875A (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2014-03-26 | 康爱民 | Bitter gourd cultivation technology |
| CN104012270A (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2014-09-03 | 陆佳乾 | Planting method of pollution-free balsam pear |
-
2014
- 2014-11-25 CN CN201410687713.XA patent/CN105684673A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103650875A (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2014-03-26 | 康爱民 | Bitter gourd cultivation technology |
| CN104012270A (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2014-09-03 | 陆佳乾 | Planting method of pollution-free balsam pear |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 张志美: "大棚苦瓜栽培技术", 《中国果菜》 * |
| 盆兴荣: "大棚苦瓜栽培技术", 《四川农业科技》 * |
| 瞿发达: "大棚苦瓜栽培要领", 《农民日报》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106234014A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-21 | 柳州市绿州种植专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods increasing quantity production of bitter melon |
| CN107371448A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-11-24 | 李斌 | A kind of greenhouse direct-seeding planting method of balsam pear |
| CN108934831A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-12-07 | 钟山县德福农产品有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of balsam pear |
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Application publication date: 20160622 |
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