CN107371448A - A kind of greenhouse direct-seeding planting method of balsam pear - Google Patents

A kind of greenhouse direct-seeding planting method of balsam pear Download PDF

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CN107371448A
CN107371448A CN201710428692.3A CN201710428692A CN107371448A CN 107371448 A CN107371448 A CN 107371448A CN 201710428692 A CN201710428692 A CN 201710428692A CN 107371448 A CN107371448 A CN 107371448A
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李斌
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
    • A01N57/10—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds
    • A01N57/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds containing heterocyclic radicals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
    • A01N65/42—Aloeaceae [Aloe family] or Liliaceae [Lily family], e.g. aloe, veratrum, onion, garlic or chives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal

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  • Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention belongs to growing vegetables technical field, the greenhouse direct-seeding planting method of especially a kind of balsam pear, the preceding deep ploughing of pouring water planting site fertilising of sowing, not only effective fertilizing soil, the fertilizer conservation water holding capacity of soil is lifted, improve soil enzyme activities, fertile soil environment is provided for balsam pear whole growth period, promote the sturdy growth of rhizome, and effectively kill survived the winter in soil germ and worm's ovum, reduce the generation of disease；Seeds before seeding carries out freezing immersion treatment, not only effectively breaks seed dormancy, improves seed enzymatic activity, germination emergence is effectively improved to break ground ability, so that emergence is neat and strong, and effectively kills the harmful bacteria that seed carries, strengthen its disease-resistant drought-resistant ability；Light filling processing and regular root fertilizer liquid are carried out after emergence, the photosynthetic capacity of balsam pear plant is not only effectively improved, promotes the transport and synthesis of nutriment, effectively improves seat flower percentage of fertile fruit, and effectively avoids the generation of root rot, extends the knot melon phase.

Description

A kind of greenhouse direct-seeding planting method of balsam pear
Technical field
The invention belongs to growing vegetables technical field, the greenhouse direct-seeding planting method of especially a kind of balsam pear.
Background technology
Balsam pear is also known as balsam pear, nutritious, and meat is sharp and clear, it is bitter in sweet, have a distinctive flavour, be loved by people, have and remove The effect of heat symptoms caused by an exopathgen, solution fatigue, the improving eyesight that clears away heart-fire, QI invigorating establishing-Yang, it is the staple vegetable in summer and autumn section season；But in the planting process of balsam pear In, planting site soil treatment is improper, can cause the growth of soil germ, and soil fertility deficiency is to suppressing the normal of balsam pear plant Growth, in addition, balsam pear carries out seed sowing, germination percentage is low, emergence difficult, and field management is improper, can reduce and yield positive results Rate, so as to reduce quantity production of bitter melon；Therefore, it is current to invent a kind of direct-seeding planting method that can effectively solve the balsam pear of problem above Urgent problem to be solved.
The content of the invention
A kind of in view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is intended to provide greenhouse direct-seeding planting method of balsam pear.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of greenhouse direct-seeding planting method of balsam pear, specific method are as follows：
（1）Canopy processing is poured water and built in selection, the fertilising of planting site
At the beginning of 3 months, the sandy loam of fertile soil, good, the preceding stubble maize planting of draining is selected as planting site, every mu of application organic fertilizer 1850 ~ 1900kg, deep plough 29 ~ 30cm, every mu of 320 ~ 330m3 of watering pours water, and deep plough 29 ~ 30cm after 6 ~ 7 days, bedding, builds greenhouse；
Described organic fertilizer, it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：13.2 ~ 13.4 parts of calcium superphosphate, 18.4 ~ 18.8 parts of urea, It is 890 ~ 910 parts of pig manure, 320 ~ 330 parts of chicken manure, 200 ~ 210 parts of dregs of beans, 75 ~ 80 parts of citrus pulp, 9.5 ~ 9.7 parts of fresh peach leaf, new Fresh 8.6 ~ 8.8 parts of loguat leaf, 6.3 ~ 6.5 parts of fresh Chinese rose leaf, 2.5 ~ 2.7 parts of the shell of areca nut, 1.2 ~ 1.4 parts of pericarpium zanthoxyli, lemonfragrant ostericum root 3.4 ~ 3.6 parts, 3.9 ~ 4.1 parts of Chinese alangium root；
（2）Selection, processing and the sowing of seed
Select full grains, without the mildew and rot seed of bitter gourd of small holes caused by worms, nothing, it is cold to insert constant temperature in the household freezer that temperature is -21 ~ -20 DEG C Freeze 925 ~ 930s, take out, be immersed in seed soaking agent soak 28 ~ 30min and be passed through power be 235 ~ 237W, frequency be 335 ~ 337kHz ultrasonic wave is ultrasonically treated, and is taken out, and is inserted 885 ~ 890s of freezing in the household freezer that temperature is -5 ~ -4 DEG C, is taken out, It is 15% ~ 16% to be dried to moisture under conditions of being 38 ~ 39 DEG C in temperature, obtains seed of bitter gourd to be broadcast；Will seed of bitter gourd be broadcast It is seeded in the kind plant hole of planting site, every bunch planting kind 3, depth of planting are 2.8 ~ 2.9cm, sowing line-spacing is 88 ~ 90cm, sowing 74 ~ 76cm of hill spacing；
Described seed soaking agent, it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：0.26 ~ 0.28 part of Rhizoma Polygonati extract, Cortex Dictamni extract 0.43 ~ 0.45 part, 0.47 ~ 0.49 part of Cortex Moutan extract, 1.2 ~ 1.3 parts of silver nitrate, vitamin B120.51 ~ 0.53 part, water 410 ~ 420 parts；
（3）Field management after planting
Controlled before emergence canopy temperature it is constant be 28 ~ 30 DEG C, the 34 ~ 35mL that watered daily per cave is until emergence, is controlled after emergence It is 30 ~ 32 DEG C that canopy temperature is constant, daily 0:10~3:50 carry out light filling using the green light that intensity of illumination is 335 ~ 340Lx Processing, carry out within 7 ~ 8 days after emergence thinning fill the gaps with seedlings processing, often the seedling of two plants of robust growths is stayed in cave, determined within 11 ~ 12 days after emergence The seedling of one plant of robust growth is stayed in seedling processing, every cave, stops carrying out green light light filling processing after final singling, when growth of seedling to height To carry out built processing during 18 ~ 19cm, start root fertilizer liquid when buddingging, apply a solution until adopting every 10 ~ 11 Tiangengs afterwards Receipts terminate；
Described solution, it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：11.4 ~ 11.8 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ferrous sulfate 1.3 ~ 1.4 Part, 2.1 ~ 2.2 parts of magnesium sulfate, 7.6 ~ 7.8 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.67 ~ 0.69 part of vitamin A, 0.54 ~ 0.56 part of tyrosine, 0.35 ~ 0.37 part of oat extract, 0.42 ~ 0.44 part of nettle extract, 0.61 ~ 0.63 part of Rhizoma Smilacis Chinensis extract, water 1450 ~ 1500 Part.
As the further scheme of invention：The preparation method of described organic fertilizer, specifically includes following steps：
A. it is to be crushed in 1500 ~ 1700r/min pulverizer by fresh peach leaf, fresh loguat leaf and fresh Chinese rose leaf input rotating speed 26 ~ 28min, take out, put into together with pig manure and chicken manure rotating speed be 330 ~ 350r/min mixer in mix 56 ~ 58min, take out, insert 66 ~ 68h of fermentation in the fermenting case that temperature is 32 ~ 33 DEG C, take out, must ferment excrement powder；
B. the interior crushing 35 of pulverizer for being 2200 ~ 2400r/min by the shell of areca nut, pericarpium zanthoxyli, lemonfragrant ostericum root and Chinese alangium root input rotating speed ~ 37min, take out, it is big in 3.2 ~ 3.3 times of amounts of shell of areca nut weight, the ethanol solution that mass fraction is 32% ~ 33% to put into weight Fire boils, slow fire 30 ~ 32min of infusion, takes out, room temperature natural cooling, obtains decoction；
C. it is that 38 ~ 40min is crushed in 2200 ~ 2400r/min pulverizer by dregs of beans and citrus pulp input rotating speed, takes out, input Constant temperature 20 ~ 21min of frying in the rotary frying pan that temperature is 88 ~ 90 DEG C, takes out, is mixed evenly with decoction, inserting temperature is 45 ~ 47h of fermentation in 28 ~ 29 DEG C of fermenting case, takes out, must ferment dregs of rice ground-slag；
D. fermentation excrement powder, fermentation dregs of rice ground-slag, calcium superphosphate and urea are mixed evenly, insert the hair that temperature is 36 ~ 37 DEG C 35 ~ 37h of fermentation in ferment case, takes out, and is granulated, obtains organic fertilizer.
As the further scheme of invention：Described solution, each root amount of applying are 43 ~ 44mL/ strains.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：The greenhouse direct-seeding planting method of a kind of balsam pear provided by the invention, to plantation before sowing Ground fertilising is poured water deep ploughing, not only effective fertilizing soil, lifts the fertilizer conservation water holding capacity of soil, raising soil enzyme activities, is balsam pear Whole growth period provides fertile soil environment, promotes the sturdy growth of rhizome, and can effectively kill disease of being survived the winter in soil Bacterium and worm's ovum, reduce the generation of disease；Seeds before seeding carries out freezing immersion treatment, not only effectively breaks seed dormancy, carries High seed enzymatic activity, effectively improve germination emergence and break ground ability so that emergence is neat and strong, and can effectively kill The harmful bacteria that seed carries, strengthens its disease-resistant drought-resistant ability；Light filling processing and regular root fertilizer liquid are carried out after emergence, not only effectively The photosynthetic capacity of balsam pear plant is improved, promotes the transport and synthesis of nutriment, effectively improves seat flower percentage of fertile fruit, Er Qieneng Enough generations for effectively avoiding root rot, extend the knot melon phase.
Embodiment
Illustrate the present invention with specific embodiment below, but be not limitation of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
In the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of greenhouse direct-seeding planting method of balsam pear, specific method is as follows：
（1）Canopy processing is poured water and built in selection, the fertilising of planting site
At the beginning of 3 months, the sandy loam of fertile soil, good, the preceding stubble maize planting of draining is selected as planting site, every mu of application organic fertilizer 1850 ~ kg, deep plough 29 ~ 30cm, every mu of watering pours water 320m3, and deep plough 29 ~ 30cm after 6 ~ 7 days, bedding, builds greenhouse；
Described organic fertilizer, it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：13.2 parts of calcium superphosphate, 18.4 parts of urea, 890 parts of pig manure, 320 parts of chicken manure, 200 parts of dregs of beans, 75 parts of citrus pulp, 9.5 parts of fresh peach leaf, 8.6 parts of fresh loguat leaf, 6.3 parts of fresh Chinese rose leaf, 2.5 parts of the shell of areca nut, 1.2 parts of pericarpium zanthoxyli, 3.4 parts of lemonfragrant ostericum root, 3.9 parts of Chinese alangium root；
（2）Selection, processing and the sowing of seed
Select full grains, without the mildew and rot seed of bitter gourd of small holes caused by worms, nothing, insert cryostat in the household freezer that temperature is -21 DEG C 925s, take out, be immersed in seed soaking agent and soak 28min and be passed through the ultrasonic wave that power is 235W, frequency is 335kHz and surpassed Sonication, take out, insert freezing 885s in the household freezer that temperature is -5 DEG C, take out, be dried under conditions of being 38 DEG C in temperature Moisture is 15% ~ 16%, obtains seed of bitter gourd to be broadcast；Seed of bitter gourd to be broadcast is seeded in the kind plant hole of planting site, per bunch planting Kind 3, depth of planting are 2.8 ~ 2.9cm, sowing line-spacing is 88 ~ 90cm, 74 ~ 76cm of sowing hill spacing；
Described seed soaking agent, it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：0.26 part of Rhizoma Polygonati extract, 0.43 part of Cortex Dictamni extract, 0.47 part of Cortex Moutan extract, 1.2 parts of silver nitrate, vitamin B120.51 part, 410 parts of water；
（3）Field management after planting
Controlled before emergence canopy temperature it is constant be 28 ~ 30 DEG C, daily per cave watering 34mL until emergence, greenhouse is controlled after emergence It is 30 ~ 32 DEG C that interior temperature is constant, daily 0:10~3:50 carry out light filling processing, emergence using the green light that intensity of illumination is 335Lx Carry out within 7 ~ 8 days afterwards thinning fill the gaps with seedlings processing, the seedling of two plants of robust growths is stayed per cave, carry out within 11 ~ 12 days after emergence final singling processing, often The seedling of one plant of robust growth is stayed in cave, stops carrying out green light light filling processing after final singling, when growth of seedling to height is 18 ~ 19cm The processing of Shi Jinhang builts, start root fertilizer liquid when buddingging, apply a solution until harvesting terminates every 10 ~ 11 Tiangengs afterwards；
Described solution, it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：11.4 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.3 parts of ferrous sulfate, magnesium sulfate 2.1 parts, 7.6 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.67 part of vitamin A, 0.54 part of tyrosine, 0.35 part of oat extract, nettle extract 0.42 part, 0.61 part of Rhizoma Smilacis Chinensis extract, 1450 parts of water.
As the further scheme of invention：The preparation method of described organic fertilizer, specifically includes following steps：
A. it is to be crushed in 1500r/min pulverizer by fresh peach leaf, fresh loguat leaf and fresh Chinese rose leaf input rotating speed 26min, take out, put into together with pig manure and chicken manure in the mixer that rotating speed is 330r/min and mix 56min, taken out, put Enter fermentation 66h in the fermenting case that temperature is 32 DEG C, take out, must ferment excrement powder；
B. it is to crush 35min in 2200r/min pulverizer by the shell of areca nut, pericarpium zanthoxyli, lemonfragrant ostericum root and Chinese alangium root input rotating speed, takes Go out, it is to be boiled by fire in the ethanol solution that shell of areca nut weight 3.2 times of amounts, mass fractions are 32% to put into weight, slow fire infusion 30min, take out, room temperature natural cooling, obtain decoction；
C. it is to crush 38min in 2200r/min pulverizer by dregs of beans and citrus pulp input rotating speed, takes out, input temperature is 88 DEG C rotary frying pan in constant temperature frying 20min, take out, be mixed evenly with decoction, it is in 28 DEG C of fermenting case to insert temperature Ferment 45h, takes out, must ferment dregs of rice ground-slag；
D. fermentation excrement powder, fermentation dregs of rice ground-slag, calcium superphosphate and urea are mixed evenly, insert the fermenting case that temperature is 36 DEG C Interior fermentation 35h, take out, be granulated, obtain organic fertilizer.
As the further scheme of invention：Described solution, each root amount of applying are 43mL/ strains.
Embodiment 2
In the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of greenhouse direct-seeding planting method of balsam pear, specific method is as follows：
（1）Canopy processing is poured water and built in selection, the fertilising of planting site
At the beginning of 3 months, the sandy loam of fertile soil, good, the preceding stubble maize planting of draining is selected as planting site, every mu of application organic fertilizer 1880kg, deep plough 29 ~ 30cm, every mu of watering pours water 325m3, and deep plough 29 ~ 30cm after 6 ~ 7 days, bedding, builds greenhouse；
Described organic fertilizer, it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：13.3 parts of calcium superphosphate, 18.6 parts of urea, 900 parts of pig manure, 325 parts of chicken manure, 205 parts of dregs of beans, 78 parts of citrus pulp, 9.6 parts of fresh peach leaf, 8.7 parts of fresh loguat leaf, 6.4 parts of fresh Chinese rose leaf, 2.6 parts of the shell of areca nut, 1.3 parts of pericarpium zanthoxyli, 3.5 parts of lemonfragrant ostericum root, 4 parts of Chinese alangium root；
（2）Selection, processing and the sowing of seed
Select full grains, without the mildew and rot seed of bitter gourd of small holes caused by worms, nothing, insert cryostat in the household freezer that temperature is -20.5 DEG C 928s, take out, be immersed in seed soaking agent and soak 29min and be passed through the ultrasonic wave that power is 236W, frequency is 336kHz and surpassed Sonication, take out, insert freezing 888s in the household freezer that temperature is -4.5 DEG C, take out, dried under conditions of being 38.5 DEG C in temperature It is 15% ~ 16% to do to moisture, obtains seed of bitter gourd to be broadcast；Seed of bitter gourd to be broadcast is seeded in the kind plant hole of planting site, often Bunch planting kind 3, depth of planting are 2.8 ~ 2.9cm, sowing line-spacing is 88 ~ 90cm, 74 ~ 76cm of sowing hill spacing；
Described seed soaking agent, it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：0.27 part of Rhizoma Polygonati extract, 0.44 part of Cortex Dictamni extract, 0.48 part of Cortex Moutan extract, 1.25 parts of silver nitrate, vitamin B120.52 part, 415 parts of water；
（3）Field management after planting
Controlled before emergence canopy temperature it is constant be 28 ~ 30 DEG C, daily per cave watering 34.5mL until emergence, is controlled big after emergence It is 30 ~ 32 DEG C that temperature of shed is constant, daily 0:10~3:50 carry out light filling processing using the green light that intensity of illumination is 338Lx, go out After seedling 7 ~ 8 days carries out thinning and filled the gaps with seedlings processing, the seedling that stays per cave two plants of robust growths, progress final singling processing in 11 ~ 12 days after emergence, The seedling of one plant of robust growth is stayed per cave, stops carrying out green light light filling processing after final singling, when growth of seedling to height for 18 ~ Built processing is carried out during 19cm, starts root fertilizer liquid when buddingging, apply a solution until harvesting is tied every 10 ~ 11 Tiangengs afterwards Beam；
Described solution, it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：11.6 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.35 parts of ferrous sulfate, magnesium sulfate 2.15 parts, 7.7 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.68 part of vitamin A, 0.55 part of tyrosine, 0.36 part of oat extract, nettle extract 0.43 part, 0.62 part of Rhizoma Smilacis Chinensis extract, 1480 parts of water.
As the further scheme of invention：The preparation method of described organic fertilizer is same as Example 1.
As the further scheme of invention：Described solution, each root amount of applying are 43.5mL/ strains.
Embodiment 3
In the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of greenhouse direct-seeding planting method of balsam pear, specific method is as follows：
（1）Canopy processing is poured water and built in selection, the fertilising of planting site
At the beginning of 3 months, the sandy loam of fertile soil, good, the preceding stubble maize planting of draining is selected as planting site, every mu of application organic fertilizer 1900kg, deep plough 29 ~ 30cm, every mu of watering pours water 330m3, and deep plough 29 ~ 30cm after 6 ~ 7 days, bedding, builds greenhouse；
Described organic fertilizer, it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：13.4 parts of calcium superphosphate, 18.8 parts of urea, 910 parts of pig manure, 330 parts of chicken manure, 210 parts of dregs of beans, 80 parts of citrus pulp, 9.7 parts of fresh peach leaf, 8.8 parts of fresh loguat leaf, 6.5 parts of fresh Chinese rose leaf, 2.7 parts of the shell of areca nut, 1.4 parts of pericarpium zanthoxyli, 3.6 parts of lemonfragrant ostericum root, 4.1 parts of Chinese alangium root；
（2）Selection, processing and the sowing of seed
Select full grains, without the mildew and rot seed of bitter gourd of small holes caused by worms, nothing, insert cryostat in the household freezer that temperature is -20 DEG C 930s, take out, be immersed in seed soaking agent and soak 30min and be passed through the ultrasonic wave that power is 237W, frequency is 337kHz and surpassed Sonication, take out, insert freezing 890s in the household freezer that temperature is -4 DEG C, take out, be dried under conditions of being 39 DEG C in temperature Moisture is 15% ~ 16%, obtains seed of bitter gourd to be broadcast；Seed of bitter gourd to be broadcast is seeded in the kind plant hole of planting site, per bunch planting Kind 3, depth of planting are 2.8 ~ 2.9cm, sowing line-spacing is 88 ~ 90cm, 74 ~ 76cm of sowing hill spacing；
Described seed soaking agent, it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：0.28 part of Rhizoma Polygonati extract, 0.45 part of Cortex Dictamni extract, 0.49 part of Cortex Moutan extract, 1.3 parts of silver nitrate, vitamin B120.53 part, 420 parts of water；
（3）Field management after planting
Controlled before emergence canopy temperature it is constant be 28 ~ 30 DEG C, daily per cave watering 35mL until emergence, greenhouse is controlled after emergence It is 30 ~ 32 DEG C that interior temperature is constant, daily 0:10~3:50 carry out light filling processing, emergence using the green light that intensity of illumination is 340Lx Carry out within 7 ~ 8 days afterwards thinning fill the gaps with seedlings processing, the seedling of two plants of robust growths is stayed per cave, carry out within 11 ~ 12 days after emergence final singling processing, often The seedling of one plant of robust growth is stayed in cave, stops carrying out green light light filling processing after final singling, when growth of seedling to height is 18 ~ 19cm The processing of Shi Jinhang builts, start root fertilizer liquid when buddingging, apply a solution until harvesting terminates every 10 ~ 11 Tiangengs afterwards；
Described solution, it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：11.8 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.4 parts of ferrous sulfate, magnesium sulfate 2.2 parts, 7.8 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.69 part of vitamin A, 0.56 part of tyrosine, 0.37 part of oat extract, nettle extract 0.44 part, 0.63 part of Rhizoma Smilacis Chinensis extract, 1500 parts of water.
As the further scheme of invention：The preparation method of described organic fertilizer is same as Example 1.
As the further scheme of invention：Described solution, each root amount of applying are 44mL/ strains.
It is real that plantation is carried out to " long white balsam pear " using the implantation methods of embodiment and the traditional cultivation method of comparative example balsam pear Test, plant 12 mu, be divided into 4 groups, it is average every group 3 mu, count its disease rate, average single melon weight and per mu yield, Experimental comparison As a result such as following table：
The comparing result of the embodiment of table 1 and comparative example
Embodiment 1 Embodiment 2 Embodiment 3 Comparative example
Disease rate（%） 0.6 0.5 0.5 9.2
Average single melon weight（g） 984.7 984.1 986.7 776.5
Per mu yield（kg） 4262.1 4256.9 4278.5 3326.8
Rate of growth（%） 28.11 27.96 28.61 ——
As it can be seen from table 1 the implantation methods of the present invention can effectively reduce the disease rate of balsam pear, its single melon weight and per mu yield are improved Amount, increase production 27.96% ~ 28.61%, effectively improve the economic well-being of workers and staff of planting household.

Claims (3)

1. the greenhouse direct-seeding planting method of a kind of balsam pear, it is characterised in that specific method is as follows：
（1）Canopy processing is poured water and built in selection, the fertilising of planting site
At the beginning of 3 months, the sandy loam of fertile soil, good, the preceding stubble maize planting of draining is selected as planting site, every mu of application organic fertilizer 1850 ~ 1900kg, deep plough 29 ~ 30cm, every mu of 320 ~ 330m3 of watering pours water, and deep plough 29 ~ 30cm after 6 ~ 7 days, bedding, builds greenhouse；
Described organic fertilizer, it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：13.2 ~ 13.4 parts of calcium superphosphate, 18.4 ~ 18.8 parts of urea, It is 890 ~ 910 parts of pig manure, 320 ~ 330 parts of chicken manure, 200 ~ 210 parts of dregs of beans, 75 ~ 80 parts of citrus pulp, 9.5 ~ 9.7 parts of fresh peach leaf, new Fresh 8.6 ~ 8.8 parts of loguat leaf, 6.3 ~ 6.5 parts of fresh Chinese rose leaf, 2.5 ~ 2.7 parts of the shell of areca nut, 1.2 ~ 1.4 parts of pericarpium zanthoxyli, lemonfragrant ostericum root 3.4 ~ 3.6 parts, 3.9 ~ 4.1 parts of Chinese alangium root；
（2）Selection, processing and the sowing of seed
Select full grains, without the mildew and rot seed of bitter gourd of small holes caused by worms, nothing, it is cold to insert constant temperature in the household freezer that temperature is -21 ~ -20 DEG C Freeze 925 ~ 930s, take out, be immersed in seed soaking agent soak 28 ~ 30min and be passed through power be 235 ~ 237W, frequency be 335 ~ 337kHz ultrasonic wave is ultrasonically treated, and is taken out, and is inserted 885 ~ 890s of freezing in the household freezer that temperature is -5 ~ -4 DEG C, is taken out, It is 15% ~ 16% to be dried to moisture under conditions of being 38 ~ 39 DEG C in temperature, obtains seed of bitter gourd to be broadcast；Will seed of bitter gourd be broadcast It is seeded in the kind plant hole of planting site, every bunch planting kind 3, depth of planting are 2.8 ~ 2.9cm, sowing line-spacing is 88 ~ 90cm, sowing 74 ~ 76cm of hill spacing；
Described seed soaking agent, it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：0.26 ~ 0.28 part of Rhizoma Polygonati extract, Cortex Dictamni extract 0.43 ~ 0.45 part, 0.47 ~ 0.49 part of Cortex Moutan extract, 1.2 ~ 1.3 parts of silver nitrate, vitamin B120.51 ~ 0.53 part, water 410 ~ 420 parts；
（3）Field management after planting
Controlled before emergence canopy temperature it is constant be 28 ~ 30 DEG C, the 34 ~ 35mL that watered daily per cave is until emergence, is controlled after emergence It is 30 ~ 32 DEG C that canopy temperature is constant, daily 0:10~3:50 carry out light filling using the green light that intensity of illumination is 335 ~ 340Lx Processing, carry out within 7 ~ 8 days after emergence thinning fill the gaps with seedlings processing, often the seedling of two plants of robust growths is stayed in cave, determined within 11 ~ 12 days after emergence The seedling of one plant of robust growth is stayed in seedling processing, every cave, stops carrying out green light light filling processing after final singling, when growth of seedling to height To carry out built processing during 18 ~ 19cm, start root fertilizer liquid when buddingging, apply a solution until adopting every 10 ~ 11 Tiangengs afterwards Receipts terminate；
Described solution, it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：11.4 ~ 11.8 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ferrous sulfate 1.3 ~ 1.4 Part, 2.1 ~ 2.2 parts of magnesium sulfate, 7.6 ~ 7.8 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.67 ~ 0.69 part of vitamin A, 0.54 ~ 0.56 part of tyrosine, 0.35 ~ 0.37 part of oat extract, 0.42 ~ 0.44 part of nettle extract, 0.61 ~ 0.63 part of Rhizoma Smilacis Chinensis extract, water 1450 ~ 1500 Part.
2. the greenhouse direct-seeding planting method of balsam pear according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the preparation of described organic fertilizer Method, specifically include following steps：
A. it is to be crushed in 1500 ~ 1700r/min pulverizer by fresh peach leaf, fresh loguat leaf and fresh Chinese rose leaf input rotating speed 26 ~ 28min, take out, put into together with pig manure and chicken manure rotating speed be 330 ~ 350r/min mixer in mix 56 ~ 58min, take out, insert 66 ~ 68h of fermentation in the fermenting case that temperature is 32 ~ 33 DEG C, take out, must ferment excrement powder；
B. the interior crushing 35 of pulverizer for being 2200 ~ 2400r/min by the shell of areca nut, pericarpium zanthoxyli, lemonfragrant ostericum root and Chinese alangium root input rotating speed ~ 37min, take out, it is big in 3.2 ~ 3.3 times of amounts of shell of areca nut weight, the ethanol solution that mass fraction is 32% ~ 33% to put into weight Fire boils, slow fire 30 ~ 32min of infusion, takes out, room temperature natural cooling, obtains decoction；
C. it is that 38 ~ 40min is crushed in 2200 ~ 2400r/min pulverizer by dregs of beans and citrus pulp input rotating speed, takes out, input Constant temperature 20 ~ 21min of frying in the rotary frying pan that temperature is 88 ~ 90 DEG C, takes out, is mixed evenly with decoction, inserting temperature is 45 ~ 47h of fermentation in 28 ~ 29 DEG C of fermenting case, takes out, must ferment dregs of rice ground-slag；
D. fermentation excrement powder, fermentation dregs of rice ground-slag, calcium superphosphate and urea are mixed evenly, insert the hair that temperature is 36 ~ 37 DEG C 35 ~ 37h of fermentation in ferment case, takes out, and is granulated, obtains organic fertilizer.
3. the greenhouse direct-seeding planting method of balsam pear according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described solution, each The root amount of applying is 43 ~ 44mL/ strains.
CN201710428692.3A 2017-06-08 2017-06-08 A kind of greenhouse direct-seeding planting method of balsam pear Pending CN107371448A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108934831A (en) * 2018-08-02 2018-12-07 钟山县德福农产品有限公司 A kind of cultural method of balsam pear
CN116340698A (en) * 2023-03-01 2023-06-27 中农创达(北京)环保科技有限公司 Method for measuring and calculating bearing capacity of livestock and poultry manure soil

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105684673A (en) * 2014-11-25 2016-06-22 广西大学 A greenhouse cultivation method for bitter gourds
CN106342522A (en) * 2016-08-26 2017-01-25 广德县启正农产品专业合作社 Method on greenhouse planting of autumn bitter gourd
CN106472076A (en) * 2016-09-29 2017-03-08 广西大学 A kind of booth balsam pear implantation methods

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105684673A (en) * 2014-11-25 2016-06-22 广西大学 A greenhouse cultivation method for bitter gourds
CN106342522A (en) * 2016-08-26 2017-01-25 广德县启正农产品专业合作社 Method on greenhouse planting of autumn bitter gourd
CN106472076A (en) * 2016-09-29 2017-03-08 广西大学 A kind of booth balsam pear implantation methods

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108934831A (en) * 2018-08-02 2018-12-07 钟山县德福农产品有限公司 A kind of cultural method of balsam pear
CN116340698A (en) * 2023-03-01 2023-06-27 中农创达(北京)环保科技有限公司 Method for measuring and calculating bearing capacity of livestock and poultry manure soil
CN116340698B (en) * 2023-03-01 2024-04-19 中农创达(北京)环保科技有限公司 Method for measuring and calculating bearing capacity of livestock and poultry manure soil

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