CN108834596A - A kind of Chinese catalpa tender shoots cuttage breeding method - Google Patents
A kind of Chinese catalpa tender shoots cuttage breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108834596A CN108834596A CN201810873426.6A CN201810873426A CN108834596A CN 108834596 A CN108834596 A CN 108834596A CN 201810873426 A CN201810873426 A CN 201810873426A CN 108834596 A CN108834596 A CN 108834596A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of Chinese catalpa tender shoots cuttage breeding method, includes the following steps：Bar vernalization, tender shoots cuttage and seedling replanting are buried in early-stage preparations；The early-stage preparations include building greenhouse, excavating germination accelerating pond and configuration vernalization matrix；It is described to bury bar vernalization as 1 year raw Chinese catalpa breeding branch of selection, it is cut into rod segment, rod segment is pressed into 2 ~ 3cm of vernalization Medium Culture, is heated using greenhouse, was watered every 2 ~ 4 days, until sprouting tender shoots in rod segment；Bast of the tender shoots from base portion together with rod segment that the height sprouted in rod segment is 3-5cm is cut down in the tender shoots cuttage, by tender shoots cuttage in container bag Medium Culture, spray sterilization, until tender shoots takes root as seedling.Selection of the present invention from vernalization matrix, the step of burying bar vernalization, the processes such as the bud used in tender shoots cuttage cuts method, solution is dipped, disinfection and sterilization, not only successfully realizes the cuttage of tender shoots, and breeding coefficient of the invention is up to 250% or more, much higher than conventional shoot cutting and buries root nursery.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of forestry, and in particular to a kind of Chinese catalpa tender shoots cuttage breeding method.
Background technique
Chinese catalpa is a kind of precious high quality timber and famous ornamental plantation tree species, widely distributed, adaptable, is just had from ancient times
The title of " the wooden king ", Chinese catalpa tree performance is grand, tall and big tall and straight, with luxuriant foliage and spreading branches in leafy profusion, and flower polychrome is gorgeous, does the solid soil of narrow high hat, well developed root system, wind resistance
Ability is strong, is excellent water and soil conservation tree species and farmland Shelter-wood；And have it is stronger eliminate the noise, lay the dust, drug abuse ability, especially
There is stronger resistance to pernicious gases such as sulfur dioxide, chlorine, Chinese catalpa wood timber is strong but pliable in texture, fine and smooth, neither too hard, nor too soft, has and does not stick up
Do not split, be indeformable, easy processing, easily engraving, good insulating, beautiful texture the features such as, for excellent choice wood.Currently, the city Qiu Cai
Field is well sold and in short supply, has price but no buyers, and application prospect is boundless, while the mixed friendship plant such as Chinese catalpa and tea, mulberry, soil can be made full use of to provide
Source.
In recent years, since people gradually understand many other unexistent good characteristics of tree species of Chinese catalpa timber, aggravate to it
Development and utilization, Chinese catalpa cannot get the due attention of people for a long time in addition, so that its development is very limited, resource is sharp
Subtracting, causes the sharply reduction of Chinese catalpa quantity, NATURAL DISTRIBUTION area constantly reduces, and not firm because of Chinese catalpa, and it is seldom solid, grow directly from seeds
Breeding is more difficult.Grafting has later period incompatibility, " bound feet " phenomenon occurs；And bury that root propagation coefficient is low, and speed is slow, limitation
The development of Chinese catalpa.
There are many Chinese catalpa seedling propagation method at present, have sowing, bury root, epicormic branch cutting, also there is grafting, tissue cultures etc.
Method, solid few since Chinese catalpa is self-sterility, the mixed life of the Chinese catalpa of only different kind, type can just be born seeds together,
So the nursery stock brought out with seed, complicated trait segregation or variation often occur between offspring individuals；Root nursery is buried to be limited to
Root segment limited amount；Shoot cutting is first is that current year raw shoot quantity is few, second is that cuttage survival rate is low；The seedling of engrafting method breeding
Wood easily forms " bound feet " phenomenon, and incompatibility, easy early ageing occurs in the later period.Therefore it is badly in need of one kind to be at present able to maintain Chinese catalpa parent excellent
Character, the pierre method for improving reproductive efficiency.
Summary of the invention
In view of the foregoing deficiencies of prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of Chinese catalpa tender shoots cutting propagation sides
Method.
To achieve the goals above or other purposes, the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of Chinese catalpa tender shoots cuttage breeding method, includes the following steps：Early-stage preparations, bury bar vernalization, tender shoots cuttage and
Seedling replanting；The early-stage preparations include building greenhouse, excavating germination accelerating pond and configuration vernalization matrix；The bar that buries is urged
Bud is that 1 year raw Chinese catalpa breeding branch for selecting 3~4cm of diameter, robust growth, no disease and pests harm slightly except debranching is cut into 25~30cm
Rod segment, all rod segments lie in the vernalization Medium Culture of germination accelerating pond, are spaced 1~2cm, and rod segment indentation is urged by point kind
Bud Medium Culture 2cm~3cm, watering moisturize, and are heated using the greenhouse built, and temperature of shed regulates and controls at 20~35 DEG C
It is interior, it watered every 2~4 days to germination accelerating pond, until sprouting tender shoots in rod segment；The tender shoots cuttage be using single dege blade or
Paper knife cuts down bast of the tender shoots from tender shoots base portion together with rod segment that the height sprouted in rod segment is 3-5cm together, is put into
GGR6 1000mg.kg-12~3h is dipped in solution, after be put into 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate and sterilize 20~30s, will make in advance
Standby cutting medium is placed in container bag, and container bag is lain against in greenhouse, will be sterilized after tender shoots cuttage holding
In device bag, after the completion of cuttage, temperature of shed be maintained at 20~30 DEG C, relative humidity maintain 70~80%, every 5~7 days hand over
For using carbendazim and thiophanate methyl 1000mg.kg-1Solution, which sprays cuttage tender shoots, sterilizes, until tender shoots, which takes root, becomes children
Seedling.
Further, the greenhouse uses steel frame construction, and the long 80m of canopy, the wide 8m of canopy are cladded with the thick film of 0.14mm,
And the sunshade net of one layer of light transmittance 75% is covered, hangs inside temperature-humidity monitoring table, and match automatic water sprinkler systme；The germination accelerating pond
For the rectangle cement pit of the long 70m, width 2m that are built up in greenhouse.
Further, the vernalization matrix is rough sand and perlite by weight 3~5：Mixture made of 1 stirring.
Further, the preparation process of the cutting medium is as follows：Using loose silt soil with vermiculite by weight 2.5~4：
1 mixing mixes thoroughly to form required cutting medium, and is carried out disinfection using 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate to cutting medium, completes to disappear
It can be placed in after poison in the container bag.
Further, the tender shoots become seedling after, every 5~7 days to rooted plantlet spray 0.3% urea solution or
0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution.
Further, the seedling replanting is that tender shoots takes root as after seedling, sooner or later opens wide greenhouse carry out daily
Hardening is gradually transplanted according to growth of seedling situation to Field planting after hardening 2~3 weeks.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
1, the vernalization matrix and bar vernalization is buried through the invention, the every female bar of the present invention can be made to be averaged rudiment extremely
Less at 3.5 or more, so as to improve the quantity eventually for tender shoots cuttage；
2, through the invention employed in bud cut method and tender shoots cuttage step, make the survival rate of tender shoots cuttage up to 70% with
On, the significantly larger than survival rate of shoot cutting, and it is essentially identical with root survival rate of seedling is buried, even higher than bury root nursery.
3, the step of present invention is from the selection of vernalization matrix, buries bar vernalization, the bud that uses in tender shoots cuttage cut method, solution
It dips, the processes such as disinfection and sterilization, on improving rod segment rudiment radix, not only successfully realizes the cuttage of tender shoots, guarantee that survival rate exists
70% or more, and the final breeding coefficient of the present invention is up to 250% or more, it is numerous after all optimum conditions of the present invention
It grows coefficient more up to 320% or more, significantly larger than conventional shoot cutting and buries root nursery.
4, it can reach using mating system of the present invention using less starting strain number and bury root nursery or shoot cutting
Using the effect of more starting strain number, the starting strain number quantity significantly solved because of market for cultivating Chinese catalpa seedling is few, Wu Fajin
The problem of row large-scale breeding Chinese catalpa, saves breeding cost, improves Chinese catalpa reproductive number.
Specific embodiment
Illustrate embodiments of the present invention below by way of specific specific example, those skilled in the art can be by this specification
Other advantages and efficacy of the present invention can be easily understood for disclosed content.The present invention can also pass through in addition different specific realities
The mode of applying is embodied or practiced, the various details in this specification can also based on different viewpoints and application, without departing from
Various modifications or alterations are carried out under spirit of the invention.
May in March, 2015-builds two groups of greenhouses in Jieshou City nursery, carries out Chinese catalpa by tender shoots cuttage respectively and educates
Seedling experiment, every group of greenhouse is interior to excavate two groups of germination accelerating ponds, that is, carries out the tender shoots cuttage experiment of four groups of embodiments, and medium temperature chamber is big
Canopy uses steel frame construction, and the long 80m of canopy, the wide 8m of canopy are cladded with the thick film of 0.14mm, and cover the sunshade of one layer of light transmittance 75%
Net, hangs inside temperature-humidity monitoring table, and match automatic water sprinkler systme；The germination accelerating pond that the tender shoots cuttage uses is in greenhouse
The rectangle cement pit of the long 70m, width 2m that inside build up.
Embodiment 1：
Chinese catalpa tender shoots cuttage breeding method of the present invention, includes the following steps：Bar vernalization, tender shoots are buried in early-stage preparations
Cuttage and seedling replanting.The early-stage preparations include building greenhouse, excavating germination accelerating pond and configuration vernalization matrix, institute
Vernalization matrix is stated using rough sand, rough sand is placed in germination accelerating pond and is carried out smooth；It is described bury bar vernalization for selection 3~4cm of diameter,
1 year raw Chinese catalpa breeding branch of robust growth, no disease and pests harm slightly except debranching is cut into the rod segment of 25~30cm, after being divided into kind,
All rod segments are lain in the rough sand of germination accelerating pond, each other be spaced 1~2cm, then by all rod segments be pressed into rough sand in 2~
3cm is deep, and watering moisturizes, and the greenhouse put up is recycled to be heated, and temperature of shed regulates and controls in 20~35 DEG C, every 2
It waters to germination accelerating pond within~4 days, until sprouting tender shoots out in rod segment；The tender shoots cuttage is using single dege blade or paper knife
Bast of the tender shoots from tender shoots base portion together with rod segment that the height sprouted in rod segment is 3-5cm is cut down together, is put into No. GGR6
1000mg.kg-12~3h is dipped in solution, after be put into 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate and sterilize 20~30s, the skewer that will be prepared in advance
Slotting matrix is placed in container bag, and container bag is lain against in greenhouse, and wherein cutting medium, will be through disappearing using loose silt soil
Tender shoots cuttage after poison is in the cutting medium of container bag, and after the completion, temperature of shed is maintained at 20~30 DEG C, relative humidity maintenance
70~80%, carbendazim and thiophanate methyl 1000mg.kg was used alternatingly every 5~7 days-1Solution kills the sprinkling of cuttage tender shoots
Bacterium, until tender shoots takes root as seedling；The seedling replanting is that tender shoots takes root as after seedling, daily sooner or later by greenhouse
Thick film, which is opened wide, carries out hardening, is gradually transplanted according to growth of seedling situation to Field planting after hardening 2~3 weeks.
Embodiment 2：Using step same as Example 1, the vernalization matrix in embodiment 1 is changed to rough sand and perlite
By weight 3：Mixture made of 1 stirring.
Embodiment 3：Using step same as Example 1, the vernalization matrix in embodiment 1 is changed to rough sand and perlite
By weight 5：Mixture made of 1 stirring；Cutting medium is prepared as follows simultaneously：Using loose silt soil with vermiculite by weight
Measure ratio 4：1 mixing is mixed thoroughly, and is carried out disinfection using 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate to the mixture mixed thoroughly, after completing disinfection
It is placed in the container bag；
Embodiment 4：Using step same as Example 1, the vernalization matrix in embodiment 1 is changed to rough sand and perlite
By weight 4：Mixture made of 1 stirring；Cutting medium is prepared as follows simultaneously：Using loose silt soil with vermiculite by weight
Measure ratio 2.5：1 mixing is mixed thoroughly, and is carried out disinfection using 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate to the mixture mixed thoroughly, is after completing disinfection
It can be placed in the container bag；And tender shoots become seedling after, every 5~7 days to rooted plantlet spray 0.3% urea solution or
0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, until all rooted plantlets are all transplanted to crop field.
Comparative example 1 is that routine buries root nursery；
Comparative example 2 is conventional shoot cutting；
Embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 are bred in one group of greenhouse, and embodiment 3 and embodiment 4 are in another group of greenhouse
Greenhouse is bred, and it is 400 plants that starting strain number of the embodiment 1-4 for cultivation is identical.Following table 1 is embodiment 1-4 in reality
The data of every bar germination in the Chinese catalpa rod segment cultivated during testing；Strain number is cultivated in the starting that comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 use
It is 1600 plants, table 2 is November to the data statistics using survival rate and breeding coefficient in 3 kinds of methods, 6 groups of experiments.
Table 1
Note：Germination sum=every rod segment germination quantity * rod segment number.
As can be seen from Table 1, using heretofore described vernalization matrix and bar vernalization is buried, at identical
In the case where beginning rod segment number, every rod segment germination mean is respectively 3.5,4,4.2,4.5 or more, i.e., logical in 1-4 of the embodiment of the present invention
Processing of the present invention to 1 year raw Chinese catalpa branch is crossed, it is made to sprout multiple sproutings cottage breeding later.
Table 2
| Project | It cultivates quantity (strain, root) | Survive quantity (strain) | Survival rate | Breeding coefficient |
| Embodiment 1 | 1435 | 1033 | 71.99% | 258.25% |
| Embodiment 2 | 1623 | 1175 | 72.40% | 293.75% |
| Embodiment 3 | 1708 | 1259 | 73.71% | 314.75% |
| Embodiment 4 | 1832 | 1370 | 74.78% | 324.50% |
| Comparative example 1 | 1600 | 1166 | 72.87% | 72.87% |
| Comparative example 2 | 1600 | 616 | 38.50% | 38.50% |
Note：Survival rate=survive quantity/cultivation quantity, survival rate, which represents, cultivates successful probability, and the higher the better for survival rate；
Breeding coefficient=survive quantity/starting strain number, what breeding coefficient characterized is the Chinese catalpa seedling and reality that final successful incubation is transplanted
The accounting of the raw material of example or comparative example starting use is applied, coefficient is higher, and it is more to represent the successful Chinese catalpa seedling of cultivation.
Wherein the cultivation quantity of embodiment 1-4 is that can be used in carrying out the quantity of cuttage, i.e. each implementation in table 1 after germinateing
The corresponding total quantity of example；For comparative example 1-2 because requiring in the method for use without germination, cultivating quantity is to originate strain number,
As can be seen from Table 2, tender shoots cuttage step of the present invention is used first, realizes that tender shoots cultivates seedling, and
And survival rate will be much higher than shoot cutting, it is essentially identical with the conventional survival rate for burying root nursery, or even root can be buried higher than routine and educated
Seedling；Secondly by the statistics to Tables 1 and 2, using mating system of the present invention, the breeding coefficient of each embodiment will be counted
It is higher than shoot cutting again and routine buries root nursery, is buried for root nursery relative to routinely, at least on 3 times, relative to spray skewer
It for inserting, at least at 6 times or more, that is, represents and is buried for root nursery relative to routinely, cultivated in the same terms, using of the invention
Starting strain number used by mating system only need to routinely bury 1/3 or so of root nursery, while also represent relative to spray skewer
It for inserting, is cultivated in the same terms, 1/6 left side of shoot cutting is only needed using starting strain number used by mating system of the invention
The right side, the starting strain number quantity significantly solved because of market for cultivating Chinese catalpa seedling is few, can not carry out large-scale breeding Chinese catalpa
The problem of.
The above, only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to the present invention in any form with substantial limitation,
It should be pointed out that under the premise of not departing from the method for the present invention, can also be made for those skilled in the art
Several improvement and supplement, these are improved and supplement also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.All those skilled in the art,
Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, when made using disclosed above technology contents it is a little more
Dynamic, modification and the equivalent variations developed, are equivalent embodiment of the invention；Meanwhile all substantial technologicals pair according to the present invention
The variation, modification and evolution of any equivalent variations made by above-described embodiment, still fall within the range of technical solution of the present invention
It is interior.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of Chinese catalpa tender shoots cuttage breeding method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：Bar vernalization, tender shoots are buried in early-stage preparations
Cuttage and seedling replanting；
The early-stage preparations include building greenhouse, excavating germination accelerating pond and configuration vernalization matrix；
It is described to bury 1 year raw Chinese catalpa breeding branch that bar vernalization is selection 3 ~ 4cm of diameter, robust growth, no disease and pests harm, remove debranching
Slightly, it is cut into the rod segment of 25 ~ 30cm, all rod segments are lain in the vernalization Medium Culture of germination accelerating pond by point kind, are spaced 1 ~ 2cm, and will
The rod segment is pressed into vernalization Medium Culture 2cm ~ 3cm, and watering is moisturized, heated using the greenhouse built, temperature of shed tune
Control watered to germination accelerating pond every 2 ~ 4 days in 20 ~ 35 DEG C, until sprouting tender shoots in rod segment；
The tender shoots cuttage is that use single dege blade or paper knife by the height sprouted in rod segment be the tender shoots of 3-5cm from tender shoots base
Portion is cut down together together with the bast of rod segment, is put into GGR6 1000mg.kg-12 ~ 3h is dipped in solution, after be put into 0.1% Gao Meng
20 ~ 30s is sterilized in sour potassium solution, the cutting medium prepared in advance is placed in container bag, and it is big that container bag lain against greenhouse
In canopy, according to germination in rod segment will be sterilized after tender shoots cuttage is in container bag in batches, after the completion of cuttage, temperature of shed
Be maintained at 20 ~ 30 DEG C, relative humidity maintain 70 ~ 80%, carbendazim and thiophanate methyl was used alternatingly every 5 ~ 7 days
1000mg.kg-1Solution, which sprays cuttage tender shoots, sterilizes, until tender shoots takes root as seedling.
2. Chinese catalpa tender shoots cuttage breeding method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the greenhouse uses steelframe knot
Structure, the long 80m of canopy, the wide 8m of canopy are cladded with the thick film of 0.14mm, and cover the sunshade net of one layer of light transmittance 75%, and hangs inside is warm and humid
Degree monitoring table, and match automatic water sprinkler systme；The germination accelerating pond is the long 70m built up in greenhouse, the rectangle water of width 2m
Mud sump.
3. Chinese catalpa tender shoots cuttage breeding method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the vernalization matrix is rough sand and treasure
Zhu Yan is by weight 3 ~ 5：Mixture made of 1 stirring.
4. Chinese catalpa tender shoots cuttage breeding method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the preparation process of the cutting medium
It is as follows：Using loose silt soil with vermiculite by weight 2.5 ~ 4：1 mixing mixes thoroughly to form required cutting medium, and high using 0.1%
Potassium manganate solution carries out disinfection to cutting medium, can be placed in the container bag after completing disinfection.
5. Chinese catalpa tender shoots cuttage breeding method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that after the tender shoots takes root, every 5 ~ 7
It sprays 0.3% urea solution or 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution to rooted plantlet.
6. Chinese catalpa tender shoots cuttage breeding method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the seedling replanting is taken root for tender shoots
After seedling, greenhouse is opened wide sooner or later carry out hardening daily, gradually transplanted after hardening 2 ~ 3 weeks according to growth of seedling situation
To Field planting.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109452079A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-12 | 山东省林木种质资源中心 | A kind of mating cottage breeding method of Chinese catalpa three-level |
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| CN107996166A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-05-08 | 山东省林木种质资源中心 | Chinese catalpa rapid cuttage mating system |
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| CN101243752A (en) * | 2008-03-20 | 2008-08-20 | 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 | Method for forcing germination epicormic branch cuttage of Catalpa bungei root segment |
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