CN108812003B

CN108812003B - Rescue repairing method for endangered fruit trees and forest tree species

Info

Publication number: CN108812003B
Application number: CN201810472044.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马新增
Original assignee: Qianxi Wuwei Biotechnology Co ltd
Current assignee: Qianxi Wuwei Biotechnology Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-05-17
Filing date: 2018-05-17
Publication date: 2021-01-01
Anticipated expiration: 2038-05-17
Also published as: CN108812003A

Abstract

A rescue repairing method for endangered fruit trees and forest tree species is mainly used for designing a support, repairing roots and crowns of aged trees. The rescue type repairing method disclosed by the invention is a rescue type repairing technology for aging endangered fruit trees and forest tree species, as long as a trunk or branches are not withered, the rescue type repairing can be carried out even if the trunk cavity or more than one half of xylem is lost, so that the life can be continued as far as possible, and the fruits can be continuously produced for human beings. The technique is simple and easy to learn, and can be mastered by personnel having fruit tree pruning and grafting techniques.

Description

Rescue repairing method for endangered fruit trees and forest tree species

Technical Field

Most of the aged and endangered fruit trees and forest tree species in mountainous areas have the cultivation history of thousands of years, the old trees which are over one hundred years or over hundreds of years are almost all over every country, wherein the various tree species in the last thousand years still can be vigorous and can be hidden to the trace of the trees at present. It is surprising that such old trees are expected to survive and may be referred to as "activated stones" in the forest.

The aged or endangered fruit trees and forest trees are seriously damaged by diseases and insects, have large areas, or have cavities in trunks or bone branches, only a few wood parts are arranged on the cortex and a few parts close to the cortex, and the damaged degree basically remains half (or less than half) of the trunks to play a role in supporting crowns. For such big trees with serious damage, the chestnut farmers basically do not take rescue measures any more, and even if the chestnut farmers do not effectively protect the big trees. The common practice is to cut down and dig roots carelessly when the old person slowly ages and fails to support the old person, and the old person gives up the old person completely.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a method for repairing aged or endangered trees by rescuing, aiming at the invalidation or the deletion of the existing repairing or rescuing measures for the aged or endangered trees.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the rescue repairing method for the endangered fruit trees and the forest tree species mainly aims at the aged trees and is carried out in the following mode:

A. design support

Manufacturing a support in a form of a physical model, placing the support at the trunk or branch of a target tree, and specially manufacturing the physical model according to the self shape of the tree and a historical story;

B. repairing tree root

Pre-burying a nourishing container at the outer circumference of the crown of the target tree, which is vertical to the bottom surface; the number of the supplementary culture containers is 10-30, the supplement frequency of the nutrient solution in the supplementary culture containers is once every 5-10 days, and the supplementary culture is completed by continuously adding at least three times;

C. repairing crown

(1) Transplanting nursery stocks with proper age under the crown of the target tree;

(2) removing rotten tissues on the trunk by using a cutter, then coating paint on the position, and repeatedly coating until the wound surface is completely sealed;

(3) after the nursery stock is completely planted, firstly, selecting an inserting position on a trunk, and marking an inverted T-shaped opening on the position; then cutting off the nursery stock, cutting an inclined plane at the port of the nursery stock, inserting the inclined plane into the opening and fixing the inclined plane;

(4) and (5) managing fertilizer and water under the trees.

In the support designing step in the repairing method, the physical model comprises a building design of cartoon image and cultural symbol visualization model, and the physical model is designed and manufactured according to the self shape or related information of the tree.

The material object molding include skeleton and embellishment, the skeleton is main supporting part for support target trees body and embellishment include: when developing and designing the support (bracket), adding characters or animal models or other abstract culture symbols to carry out visual design, constructing buildings by using building materials, installing the support beside the trunk or below the branches of a target tree, and adding decorations outside the support.

In the tree root repairing link in the repairing method, the nourishing container is a hollow cylindrical barrel which is an integrated structure made of decomposable materials, two through holes are arranged on the upper surface of the barrel, one through hole is inserted into fibrous roots of a target tree, and the other through hole is inserted into a liquid supplementing pipe communicated with external nutrient solution; the capacity of the cylinder is 2-5 liters, and the pore size is 0.2-1 cm.

In the crown repairing link in the repairing method, the transplanting time of the transplanted nursery stock with the proper age is at least 2 years.

The crown repairing link in the repairing method comprises the following steps:

the inverted T-shaped opening is characterized in that a 2-3cm transverse cutting edge is firstly cut by a cutter at a specified inserting position, then a crescent is upwards cut at the tail end of the cutting edge by a reverse cutter, and then the transverse cutting edge is upwards vertically cut by 5-6cm in the center to form an inverted T-shaped cutting edge;

the length of the cut seedling is more than 5cm larger than the T-shaped incision, one side of the upper end of the seedling is cut by a cutter for 5-7 cm, the back side of the cut seedling is cut by 1-2 cm to form a sharp wedge shape, then the upper end of the seedling is held by a hand to be inserted into the T-shaped incision in an arched shape, and the inserting position is fixed by a spike and an adhesive tape.

The rescue type repairing method disclosed by the invention is a rescue type repairing technology for aging endangered fruit trees and forest tree species, as long as a trunk or branches are not withered, the rescue type repairing can be carried out even if the trunk cavity or more than one half of xylem is lost, so that the life can be continued as far as possible, and the fruits can be continuously produced for human beings. The technique is simple and easy to learn, and can be mastered by personnel having fruit tree pruning and grafting techniques.

Old trees generally bear the history of the local village on the basis of the diligent labor and struggle for more than a hundred years, have certain cultural value and can be said to be a cultural symbol for inheriting the history; has certain culture contents with mysterious colors, such as biographies, classical allusions and the like. Scientifically utilizing the old and endangered fruit trees and forest tree species for more than one hundred years, developing villages by taking the tree species as subject matters, having the same tourism investment value, and completely reforming the seedling stems by using the conventional technologies such as cultivation, trimming, grafting and the like so as to change the smooth and invariable seedling stems without vitality into cultural symbols or shapes with certain ornamental value; the traveling ornamental effect and the fruit production can be realized; can be used as a medium culture symbol for media such as enterprises, villages, city streets, advertisements and the like. Except for utilizing the results of the fruits, other characteristics of the fruit trees and the human beings are generally ignored by the human beings, and the results and the characteristics are fully utilized and developed as tourism resources, so that the fruit trees and the human beings are necessary to be an innovation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of the feeding container of the present invention.

In the figure: the device comprises a cylinder body 1, a through hole 2, fibrous roots 3 and a liquid supplementing pipe 4.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.

The rescue repairing method for endangered fruit trees and forest tree species disclosed by the invention is mainly carried out on aging trees in the following way. The method is a rescue repair technology for aged or endangered fruit trees and forest tree species, and can carry out rescue repair even if the trunk cavity or the trunk loses more than half of xylem as long as the trunk or branches are not withered, so that the trunk cavity or the trunk loses more than half of xylem, the life of the trunk can be continued as far as possible, and the fruits can be continuously produced for human beings.

A. Design support

The support is manufactured in a form of a physical model and is placed at the position of a trunk or a branch of a target tree, and the physical model is specially made according to the shape and history of the tree.

When the design support (bracket) is developed, characters or animal figures or other abstract culture symbols are added for visual design.

When a support (bracket) is developed and designed, characters or animal models or other abstract culture symbols are added for visual design, building (which can be a wood bracket or a metal bracket) is constructed by using building materials, the support is installed beside the trunk or below the branches of a target tree, and decorations are added outside the support.

Designing a theme: various abstract symbols, cartoon images, cultural symbols and other pictographic shapes are designed according to stories generated by aging endangered fruit trees and forest tree species and ideas such as important events, plots and the like, the stories are reflected by the portraits of building real objects, the abstract symbols, the cartoon images, the cultural symbols and the like are placed beside the trunk or below the branches of the supporting aging trees, then beautification is carried out, and characters are added to explain stories, plots and the like, so that the abstract symbols can be completely used as cultural symbols, the aging trees are protected, the environment is beautified, an ornamental facility is provided for rural tourism development, and the consciousness that people protect and love aging endangered fruit trees and forest tree species is aroused.

B. Repairing tree root

The aged endangered fruit trees and forest trees grow in one place for a long time, so that the phenomenon of nutrient supply interruption of the trees is inevitable, and endangered trees are easy to grow until withering. The key point of the occurrence of the nutrient supply interruption of the tree body is mainly the occurrence of the nutrient supply interruption at the root, particularly the sensitive point of the fibrous root part for absorbing the nutrient, and the nutrient supply interruption is solved, namely the nutrient supply of the sensitive part of the fibrous root is solved firstly.

Firstly, a nourishing container is required to be manufactured, and the nourishing container comprises a cylinder body 1, a through hole 2 and a fluid supplementing pipe 4. The tonifying container is a hollow cylindrical barrel, the barrel 1 is of an integral structure made of decomposable materials, two through holes 2 are formed in the upper surface of the barrel, one through hole is inserted into fibrous roots 3 of a target tree, and the other through hole is inserted into a liquid supplementing pipe 4 communicated with external nutrient solution. The capacity of the cylinder is 2-5 liters, and the aperture size is 0.2-1 cm. Pre-burying a nourishing container at the outer circumference of the crown of the target tree, which is vertical to the bottom surface; the number of the nourishing containers is 10-30, the frequency of the nutrient solution in the nourishing containers is once every 5-10 days, and the nourishing is completed by continuously adding at least three times.

When the container is used, soil at the position where the crown is vertical to the periphery of the ground is taken off, a container filled with nutrient solution is placed in a pit, fibrous roots (the diameter can be smaller than about 0.5 cm) are inserted into the container, and gaps at the joint of the fibrous roots and the container are sealed by using an adhesive tape; the other hollow plastic thin pipe is inserted into the joint and tightly sealed, one end of the hollow plastic thin pipe is fastened and exposed outside the ground, the thin pipe is used for supplementing nutrient solution in the future, and then the hollow plastic thin pipe is tightly covered by soil to restore the original state of the ground surface. The nutrient solution is prepared according to the water content required by the tree species and various nutrient elements.

When the nutrient solution is used, after one time, whether fibrous roots are completely absorbed is checked at intervals of 5-10 days, the method adopts a syringe mode, a needle head is extracted by a plastic straw exposed to the ground, the nutrient solution in the nourishing container is checked for timely supplement, and the nutrient solution is supplemented at least three times continuously until the treetop sprouts. The situation that the nutrition liquid is injected into a large container at one time is forbidden, so that the fibrous root is easy to rot, and the situation is in good order.

When the leaves on the top of the treetop gradually become dark green, glossy, thick and the like, the supplement of the nutrient solution can be stopped. If the placed container is made of plastic and is not easy to rot, the container is moved out of the ground, the root system pulled out from the container is put back into the soil, some organic fertilizer is added, and the soil is covered. If the material is wood or iron products, the material is not required to be removed.

The method for absorbing the nutrient solution for the fibrous roots is characterized in that a plurality of root systems are required to be found under the ground due to the fact that the tree body is tall and large and the root systems are developed, a plurality of soil pits are dug, a plurality of fibrous root containers can meet the nutritional requirements of the whole tree body, the specific required number is set according to the size of the tree body, the number of the root systems and the endangered condition and is generally set to be about 10-30, and if the tree is an extra-large tree, the number of the required containers can exceed the set upper limit.

C. Repairing crown

(1) Transplanting the nursery stock with the proper age under the crown of the target tree. The preparation for transplantation needs to be carried out more than 2 years ahead.

(2) The rotten tissue on the trunk is removed by a cutter, and then paint is coated on the position and repeatedly coated until the wound surface is completely sealed.

The central trunk xylem is damaged by birds, diseases and insects to form wound, and is easy to rot due to humidity in rainy seasons every year, so that the central trunk is easy to form rotten tree holes after years.

The measures are as follows: firstly, scraping rotten tissues by a knife for a proper time in spring, then smearing chemical paint for 2-3 times without blank until the wound surface is completely sealed. And checking for years to find the place where the paint is dropped off, and timely smearing again for remediation.

(3) After the nursery stock is completely planted, firstly, selecting an inserting position on a trunk, and marking an inverted T-shaped opening on the position; then cutting off the nursery stock, cutting an inclined plane at the port of the nursery stock, inserting the inclined plane into the opening and fixing the inclined plane.

After the seedlings are completely planted, selecting a splicing position, firstly determining the position above a damaged wound, enabling the seedling to be close to the smooth part of the surface of a smooth branch in a big branch group as much as possible, and opening a T-shaped opening from the lower direction, namely transversely cutting a knife at a position 2 cm away from the upper edge of the wound, reversely cutting the T-shaped opening upwards, and vertically cutting the T-shaped opening upwards at the position of a transverse line, wherein the length is about 5 cm; secondly, cutting off the seedling trunk (equivalent to scion) with the length slightly longer than about 2-5cm of a T-shaped opening, cutting off a 5-7 cm inserting surface at the upper end of the seedling trunk by using a cutter, wherein the inclined surface is smooth and the depth is one third or one half of the seedling trunk, then reversing the back, cutting off the top end of the back for about 2 cm, and forming a sharp wedge shape at the top; and thirdly, holding the seedling stem by hand to be inserted into the T-shaped opening in an arched manner, and if the seedling stem is unstable, fixing the seedling stem by using small spikes. If the area of the damaged part is large, a plurality of seedlings need to be inserted, and the notches are staggered when the crescent notches on the upper edge are cut so as to avoid that the cortex is easy to damage due to the concentrated notches; the method for cutting the seedling stem is the same as the method for cutting the seedling stem.

Protecting the incision and managing after connection, binding the plastic film strips, requiring no gap at the wound and binding tightly. When the tree seedling is repaired, new shoots on the planted seedling stem need to be checked frequently, and the seedlings need to be erased in time and germinate under control so as to ensure the survival of the tree stem. After one month, a new callus tightly-covering incision is found at the interface, so that the plastic film and the small spikes can be removed.

(4) Under-tree fertilizer and water management

The management of fertilizer and water for over one hundred years old trees is often paid insufficient attention, the tree bodies are often in a hungry state, and old trees which are in the old age can die slowly if the old trees are not rescued in time.

The measures are as follows:

therefore, the key step for recovering the aged and endangered fruit trees and forest tree species is to strengthen the management of fertilizer and water, apply chemical fertilizer or organic fertilizer to roots by combining deep ploughing of soil under the trees, and then supplement water in time.

The leaves on the upper part of the tree are not ideal, and a 'transfusion' mode for the fruit tree can be adopted to strengthen nutrition supplement when necessary. The 'infusion' mode for fruit trees is derived from the concept of human disease treatment and infusion, and the method is similar.

In the support designing step in the repairing method, the physical model comprises cartoon image, cultural symbol and other visual models, and is designed and manufactured according to the form of the tree or relevant information.

Claims

1. A rescue repairing method for endangered fruit trees and forest tree species is characterized in that the rescue repairing method for the endangered fruit trees and forest tree species is mainly used for aged trees according to the following modes:

A. design support

the physical model comprises a building design of cartoon image and cultural symbol visual model, and is designed and manufactured according to the self shape or related information of the tree;

the material object molding include skeleton and embellishment, the skeleton is main supporting part for support target trees body and embellishment include: when developing a design support, adding characters or animal models or other abstract culture symbols to carry out visual design, constructing a building by using building materials, installing the support beside the trunk or below the branches of a target tree, and adding decorations outside the support;

B. repairing tree root

the nourishing container is a hollow cylindrical barrel body which is an integrated structure made of decomposable materials, two through holes are arranged on the upper surface of the barrel body, one through hole is inserted into fibrous roots of a target tree, and the other through hole is inserted into a liquid supplementing pipe communicated with external nutrient solution; the capacity of the cylinder body is 2-5 liters, and the aperture size is 0.2-1 cm;

C. repairing crown

the length of the cut seedling is more than 5cm of an inverted T-shaped knife edge, one side of the upper end of the seedling is cut by a cutter for 5-7 cm, the back side of the seedling is cut by 1-2 cm in a reversed way to form a sharp wedge shape, then the upper end of the seedling is held by a hand to be inserted into the inverted T-shaped knife edge in a bow shape, and the inserting position is fixed by a spike and an adhesive tape;

(4) and (5) managing fertilizer and water under the trees.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the crown repairing step, the transplanting time of the nursery stock with suitable age is at least 2 years.