CN108781981A - A method of promote to bloom during the tree peony Spring Festival using cold ground condition - Google Patents
A method of promote to bloom during the tree peony Spring Festival using cold ground condition Download PDFInfo
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- CN108781981A CN108781981A CN201810731417.3A CN201810731417A CN108781981A CN 108781981 A CN108781981 A CN 108781981A CN 201810731417 A CN201810731417 A CN 201810731417A CN 108781981 A CN108781981 A CN 108781981A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/10—Aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acids, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with a carbocyclic ring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N45/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing compounds having three or more carbocyclic rings condensed among themselves, at least one ring not being a six-membered ring
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Abstract
The present invention relates to flower cultivation fields, provide a kind of method for promoting to bloom during the tree peony Spring Festival using cold ground condition low cost, and tree peony seedling is transplanted in flowerpot in late September to early October；It sprays whole root systems of the tree peony seedling before transplanting with naphthalene acid solution, at the rhizome that the tree peony seedling is sprayed with Gibberellins solution, hangs 3~5d；The tree peony seedling of transplanting is placed under the conditions of open air is given shade and carries out slow seedling, moves at outdoor sun abundance and cultivates after slow seedling, when outdoor temperature is reduced to -10~-15 DEG C, moves into greenhouse.Cold ground Temperature Treatment after transplanting can break the temperature of tree peony suspend mode just, to break tree peony suspend mode using the natural low temperature condition on cold ground, save the facility and operating cost of freezer；Tree peony suspend mode has been broken after moving into greenhouse, initially enters the flowering phase, and the present invention adjusts greenhouse experiment according to the different times that tree peony blooms, can bloom during the Spring Festival.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to flower cultivation technical fields, and in particular to a kind of to promote to open during the tree peony Spring Festival using cold ground condition
Colored method.
Background technology
Tree peony (Paeonia Suffruticosa) also known as " wealth and rank flower ", " 200 gold medal " etc., belong to Paeoniaceae Paeonia shrub,
It is the important traditional famous flower with national flower status for originating in China.Tree Peony Cultivars are various, and corolla is very large, and flower appearance is gorgeous
Beautiful, bright in colour, color and taste fragrance is elegant and poised, be known as " king in spending ", " aromatic " good reputation.Always it is regarded as garden
Treasure is endowed happiness, lucky, rich and honour, peace, prosperous symbol, and early in Han dynasty, tree peony is just used as medicinal plant to record
In《Sheng Nong's herbal classic》, Northern and Southern Dynasties' period, tree peony artificial cultivation by wild state, away from the modern history for having more than 1500 years.
Over the past thousands of years, with its long cultivation history, charming elegance, rich and changeful kind and deep cultural connotation, by generation
People likes.Tree peony not only has very high ornamental value and symbolic meaning, but also is precious from head to foot, and it is green to be not only widely used in gardens
Change, interior decoration etc., and its seedling, potted flower, cut-flower, dried flower also have very high economic value and social value,
Root skin is commonly called as " root bark of tree peony ", to be used as medicine, with heat-clearing, cool blood, promoting blood circulation effect, while also there is the effect of decompression, antibacterial, often
Work eases pain, calm good medicine, long term usage can beneficial body lengthen the life.Its pistil can extract essence, and petal can make jasmine tea, and tree peony is related at present
Product has listed, and related industry is quickly grown.
Around increasingly flourishing tree peony Supply and demand market, also cumulative year after year is studied about the application of tree peony and cultivation both at home and abroad.
It studies and applies peony forescence control technique, to adapt to the demand of domestic and international market, to improving tree peony production technology level, reducing
Cost improves quality, seizes domestic and international market and have a very important significance.The especially florescence control research of tree peony, it is domestic
The comparison of the ground such as Beijing, Heze, Luoyang research is more, and many expert's common practices are with gibberellin (GA3) processing and freezer
Refrigeration carrys out breaking dormancy, promotes bolting and bloom, to realize off-season cultivation.Zhao Xiaozhi is by tree peony in freezer at 4~6 DEG C
Place 7d, place 4d at 0~3 DEG C, after 15d on outdoor basin, bud is sprouted growth after 10d.At imitative cloud using gibberellin, take root
Agent processing tree peony also achieves the purpose of tree peony winter flower forcing in conjunction with low-temperature treatment.The plant that somebody selects life in 4~6 years strong
Plant, in spending preceding 50~60d to enter greenhouse after breaking dormancy, in 15 DEG C or so of nocturnal temperature, day temperature is not less than 20 DEG C
In the case of, artificial supplementary light, reasonable watering, fertilizing, the Spring Festival for also achieving tree peony blooms.
Current main tree peony anti-season flower forcing technique mainly utilizes freezer breaking dormancy, and of high cost, equipment investment is big；
In order to which breaking dormancy also needs to smear tree peony bud with gibberellin, and the heavy workload efficiency for smearing bud is low.
Invention content
The present invention carries to solve the problems, such as that the method for tree peony anti-season flower forcing in the prior art is of high cost, heavy workload
A kind of method for promoting to bloom during the tree peony Spring Festival using cold ground condition is supplied, at low cost, work efficiency is high, it can be ensured that tree peony
It is open during the Spring Festival.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides following technical schemes：
The present invention provides a kind of methods for promoting to bloom during the tree peony Spring Festival using cold ground condition, include the following steps：
(1) select life in 4~6 years, 50~70cm of plant height tree peony seedling, cold ground the transplanting of late September to early October in
Flowerpot；
Whole root systems of the tree peony seedling are sprayed before transplanting with 40~60mg/L naphthalene acid solutions, it is red with 100~500mg/L
At the rhizome of tree peony seedling described in mycin solution spraying, 3~5d is hung；
(2) potted peony after transplanting is placed under the conditions of open air is given shade and is cultivated 1~2 week, carry out slow seedling；
(3) by the potted peony after slow seedling with being placed in northern cold it is outdoor it is sunny under the conditions of cultivate, until outdoor temperature
When being reduced to -10~-15 DEG C, potted peony is moved into greenhouse transplanting；
(4) it is to the squaring period of tree peony, greenhouse experiment behind immigration greenhouse：7~15 DEG C of daytime temperature, nocturnal temperature 5~7
℃；
The squaring period of tree peony to windbell phase, greenhouse experiment be：15~20 DEG C of daytime temperature, 10~15 DEG C of nocturnal temperature；
Windbell phase to the florescence of tree peony, greenhouse experiment are：18~23 DEG C of daytime temperature, 15~20 DEG C of nocturnal temperature.
Preferably, in step (1), the tree peony seedling is selected from tree peony seedling, tree peony grafting or tree peony axillary seedling.
Preferably, in step (1), the tree peony seedling is before spraying naphthalene acid solution and Gibberellins solution, first to tree peony seedling
Root system carries out disinfection.
Preferably, in step (1), when tree peony seedling is potting, the transplanting is：With transplanting medium to it is described spray it is red mould
Element and naphthalene acid solution after tree peony seedling cultivated, the transplanting medium include garden mould, organic nutrient soil, barnyard manure, composite fertilizer,
Perlite, vermiculite and haydite.
Preferably, the proportioning of the cultivation matrix is：Garden mould, organic nutrient soil, barnyard manure, composite fertilizer, perlite, vermiculite and
The volume ratio of haydite is 2~4:2~4:0.5~1.5:0.5~1.5:0.5~1.5:0.5~1.5.
Preferably, in step (2), the intensity of illumination under the conditions of the open air is given shade is no more than the 50% of available light.
Preferably, in step (4), the temperature indoor humidity is 30~40%.
Preferably, in the step (4), after the daily setting sun, to 2.5~6h of supplementing light for greenhouse.
Preferably, when sunset time is later than at 5 in afternoon, to 2.5~4h of supplementing light for greenhouse；When sunset time is earlier than afternoon 5
When point, to 4~6h of supplementing light for greenhouse.
Preferably, in the step (4), according to floral leaf than 1 when hot-house culture:2~4 ratio sparse branching.
Compared with prior art, technical solution provided by the invention has the following advantages：
The present invention provides a kind of methods for promoting to bloom during the tree peony Spring Festival using cold ground condition, under the September on cold ground
Ten days to early October transplants tree peony seedling, and weather conditions are exactly in the preference temperature of tree peony root growth at this time, at the same this when
Between be also non-cold ground tree peony root growth animated period；With naphthalene acid solution spray tree peony seedling root system, Gibberellins solution before transplanting
The rhizome of tree peony seedling is sprayed, methyl α-naphthyl acetate promotes the lateral root growth of tree peony, and gibberellin being capable of breaking dormancy state.
The tree peony seedling of transplanting is placed under the conditions of open air is given shade and carries out slow seedling, is trained under sun sufficiency outdoors after slow seedling
It supports, when outdoor temperature is reduced to -10~-15 DEG C, moves into greenhouse.The Different Transplanting Periods that the present invention selects, when the slow seedling of tree peony seedling
Between it is long, be conducive to improve tree peony survival rate and growing way, moreover it is possible to prevent open peony too small.In the method for the invention,
It needs to undergo 50d or so to immigration greenhouse after slow seedling.
Just processing can break the temperature of tree peony suspend mode to cold ground temperature after transplanting, to utilize the natural low temperature on cold ground
Condition breaks tree peony suspend mode, saves the facility and operating cost of freezer；Move into greenhouse after tree peony suspend mode be broken, start into
Enter the flowering phase, the present invention adjusts greenhouse experiment according to the different times that tree peony blooms, can bloom during the Spring Festival.
Peony flower forcing method provided by the invention passes through suitable transplanting time and end using the natural low temperature on cold ground
Time point of outdoor low-temperature treatment is controlled, and tree peony suspend mode can either be effectively broken, and unlikely makes too prematurity or by freeze injury.
Peony flower forcing method provided by the invention before transplanting by way of spraying gibberellin, effectively instead of routine
Gibberellin smears the step of bud in technology, improves working efficiency, saves labour turnover.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that using trembling with fear condition of the present invention promotes the flow chart bloomed during the tree peony Spring Festival.
The variation of Fig. 2 different disposal group tree peony plant heights；Wherein series 1~7 is followed successively by the tree peony plant height of S0~S6 groups；
The variation of Fig. 3 different disposal group tree peony hat widths；Wherein series 1~7 is followed successively by the tree peony hat width of S0~S6 groups；
The long variation of Fig. 4 different disposal groups tree peony branch；Wherein series 1~7 be followed successively by S0~S6 groups tree peony it is long；
The thick variation of Fig. 5 different disposal groups tree peony branch；Wherein series 1~7 is followed successively by the tree peony branch of S0~S6 groups slightly；
The variation of Fig. 6 different disposal group peony leaves length；Wherein series 1~7 be followed successively by S0~S6 groups peony leaves it is long；
The variation of Fig. 7 different disposal group tree peony leaf widths；Wherein series 1~7 is followed successively by the tree peony leaf width of S0~S6 groups；
The variation of Fig. 8 different disposal group peony diameters；Wherein series 1~7 is followed successively by the tree peony flower stem length of S0~S6 groups；
Fig. 9 different disposal groups spend high variation；Wherein series 1~7 is followed successively by the tree peony scape height of S0~S6 groups.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention provides a kind of methods for promoting to bloom during the tree peony Spring Festival using cold ground condition, include the following steps：
(1) select life in 4~6 years, 50~70cm of plant height tree peony seedling, late September to early October transplant in flowerpot；
Whole root systems of the tree peony seedling are sprayed before transplanting with 40~60mg/L naphthalene acid solutions, it is red with 100~500mg/L
At the rhizome of tree peony seedling described in mycin solution spraying, 3~5d is hung；
(2) potted peony after transplanting is placed under the conditions of open air is given shade and is cultivated 1~2 week, carry out slow seedling；
(3) by the potted peony after slow seedling with being placed in northern cold it is outdoor it is sunny under the conditions of cultivate, until outdoor temperature
When being reduced to -10~-15 DEG C, potted peony is moved into greenhouse transplanting；
(4) it is to the squaring period of tree peony, greenhouse experiment behind immigration greenhouse：7~15 DEG C of daytime temperature, nocturnal temperature 5~7
℃；
The squaring period of tree peony to windbell phase, greenhouse experiment be：15~20 DEG C of daytime temperature, 10~15 DEG C of nocturnal temperature；
Windbell phase to the florescence of tree peony, greenhouse experiment are：18~23 DEG C of daytime temperature, 15~20 DEG C of nocturnal temperature.
Of the present invention includes but not limited to Chifeng Area, Inner Mongolia and area similar to Chifeng area weather coldly.This
Invention selection life in 4~6 years, 50~70cm of plant height tree peony seedling, late September to the early October transplanting on cold ground；Transplanting before with
The whole root systems of 40~60mg/L naphthalene acid solutions spray, 100~500mg/L Gibberellins solutions spray the rhizome of the tree peony seedling
Place, hangs 3~5d.
In the present invention, the tree peony seedling of the transplanting preferably needs to have the spies such as longer florescence, polyphyll, ornamental value height
Property, the fine quality of condition is preferably influenced without safron in leaf etc., to have higher economic benefit.
In the present invention, the kind of the tree peony seedling is preferably " Luoyang is red ", " rose-red ", " two tall ", " island brocade " or " bright
The kinds such as star ".
In the present invention, the tree peony seedling for transplanting is preferably 5 years raw seedlings；The height of the tree peony seedling for transplanting
Degree is preferably 55~65cm.It is currently preferred, the tree peony of the tree peony seedling selection with 7~10 branches for transplanting
Seedling.
In the present invention, the tree peony seedling of the transplanting is preferably selected from tree peony seedling, tree peony grafting or tree peony plant division
Seedling.
Late September to early October of the present invention selection on cold ground transplants, and the average daily temperature on ground of trembling with fear at this time is at 7.2 DEG C
Left and right, in the temperature suitable for tree peony root growth；On the other hand, the tree peony physiological periods for being used for transplanting are also exactly root system life
In the long vigorous stage, be conducive to the root regeneration after tree-peony transplantation.
It is currently preferred to cut off disease branch, deadwood after tree peony seedling lifting, after carrying out disinfection to tree peony seedling root system, then spray
Naphthalene acid solution and Gibberellins solution.In the present invention, it is preferred to using liquor potassic permanganate to tree peony seedling root system sterilize；Into one
Step is preferred, and the liquor potassic permanganate concentration is 0.05%~0.2%, more preferably 0.1%.
The mode that the present invention sterilizes the root system is not particularly limited, using the modes such as spray or immersion.
In the present invention, the concentration of the naphthalene acid solution is preferably 50mg/L；Naphthalene acid solution is main in the present invention
Play the role of promoting tree peony lateral root growth.The plant hormone complicated component that tree peony is sprayed in routine techniques, wherein including
Have the growth hormone of facilitation to the growth of tree peony main root, the main root speed of growth accelerate instead to the tree peony that is watched for potting not
Profit.The present invention by tree peony whole root system it is single spray naphthalene acid solution, achieve the purpose that only promote tree peony lateral root growth,
The survival rate and upgrowth situation being more advantageous to after improving tree-peony transplantation are subsequent low temperature breaking dormancy and the in due course Spring Festival
Offer of blooming is basic.
In the present invention, the concentration of the Gibberellins solution is preferably 500mg/L；Gibberellins solution is main in the present invention
Play the role of breaking tree peony suspend mode.Routine techniques mainly applies in such a way that gibberellin smears tree peony bud, heavy workload,
High labor cost, efficiency are low.The present invention sprays tree peony seedling rhizome before transplanting with Gibberellins solution, can equally realize and break not
The effect of dormancy, workload are small；Meanwhile only to spray at rhizome, without being sprayed to entire root system, drug dose is few by the present invention,
Processing speed is fast.
The dosage that the present invention sprays the naphthalene acid solution and Gibberellins solution is not particularly limited, as long as can be with drug
Cover the spray position.The present invention is not particularly limited the sequence that sprays of the naphthalene acid solution and Gibberellins solution.
The present invention is not particularly limited the method for transplanting the tree peony seedling, using transplantation technique well known in the art.
In the present invention, when selecting potted plant growth, raw tree peony root system was longer due to 4~6 years, flowerpot of the present invention
More preferably deep basin type flowerpot.
When tree peony carries out potting, the currently preferred tree peony seedling that transplanting is cultivated using transplanting medium, the transplanting base
Matter is：Garden mould, organic nutrient soil, barnyard manure, composite fertilizer, perlite, vermiculite and haydite；It is furthermore preferred that the original of the transplanting medium
Material matches：Garden mould, organic nutrient soil, barnyard manure, composite fertilizer, perlite, vermiculite and haydite volume ratio be 2~4:2~4:0.5
~1.5:0.5~1.5:0.5~1.5:0.5~1.5:0.5~1.5；Most preferably 3:3:1:1:1:1:1.
Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer content is higher than 45% higher than the 6%, content of organic matter in the organic nutrient soil that the present invention uses, pH value
5.5~6.5, living bacteria count is more than 0.2 hundred million/g.The present invention is not particularly limited the source of organic nutrient soil, using meeting
The commercial goods of above-mentioned condition.The living bacteria count refers to the content of all microorganisms in organic nutrient soil.
In the present invention, raw material in addition to haydite in the cultivation matrix is mixed, haydite is first placed in flowerpot by when use
Bottom, then the mixture of remaining raw material is filled into flowerpot, tree peony seedling is cultivated.
Transplanting medium provided by the invention all selects light material other than garden mould, light-weight, is moved easily, gas permeability
It is good.
Tree peony is placed under the conditions of open air is given shade and cultivates 1~2 week after transplanting by the present invention, carries out slow seedling.It is limited in the present invention
Under fixed transplanting time, for daytime temperature when slow seedling at 10~15 DEG C, transplanting seedling time is long, and the tree peony seedling be conducive to after transplanting is abundant
Environment is adapted to, possesses the sufficient time to repair because transplanting impaired root system, to improve the tree peony survival rate after transplanting, growth
Situation, and it is too small to prevent tree peony from blooming.
In the present invention, the intensity of illumination under the conditions of the open air is given shade is no more than the 50% of available light, more preferably
40~50%.
Tree peony after slow seedling is placed under outdoors sunlight sufficiency and cultivates by the present invention, when outdoor temperature is reduced to -10~-
At 15 DEG C, room temperature is moved into.The present invention carries out low-temperature treatment using the natural low temperature condition on cold ground to tree peony, reaches breaking dormancy
Purpose.Method relative to traditional freezer or low temperature chamber processing, which reaches, reduces production cost, reduces facility and operating cost,
It is remarkably improved economic benefit.
The temperature for the outdoor natural low temperature processing of end that the present invention limits can meet the needs for breaking tree peony suspend mode, need
Cold is about -103 DEG C.In method of the present invention, experience 50d or so is taken around to immigration greenhouse after tree peony slow seedling.
It is not enough to break tree peony suspend mode or too prematurity if terminating outdoor low-temperature treatment too early, if too late terminated at outdoor low temperature
Reason can then make tree peony by freeze injury.
After moving into greenhouse, the present invention cultivates tree peony to blooming in greenhouse, and tree peony is from sprouting in early days into squaring period
There are about the development times of 20d, are the morphogenesis phase of stem, leaf, bud, and greenhouse experiment is at this time：7~15 DEG C of daytime temperature, night
Between 5~7 DEG C of temperature.
It is the tree peony overall growth phase from squaring period to windbell phase about 25d is entered, to meet the growth demand in this period,
Greenhouse experiment is：15~20 DEG C of daytime temperature, 10~15 DEG C of nocturnal temperature.
From the windbell phase to florescence, there are about 20d times, greenhouse experiment to be：18~23 DEG C of daytime temperature, nocturnal temperature 15~
20℃。
The present invention adjusts greenhouse according to the requirement of tree peony flowering phase different times, and hot-house culture was controlled at 65 days
Left and right, can suitably adjust greenhouse experiment, and then peony is bloomed time control in the spring according to the difference of annual time in the Spring Festival
During section.
In the present invention, the indoor humidity of the temperature is preferably 30~40%.
Since tree peony is long-day plant, and the warm indoor illumination on cold ground is less, and the present invention for tree peony in order to further open
Flower provides control environment, to supplementing light for greenhouse 2.5~6, more preferably 3~5h after the daily setting sun.Light filling mode of the present invention
Light filling is carried out preferably through incandescent lamp.
When the present invention carries out light filling to greenhouse, the light filling time is preferably determined according to the sunshine-duration：
When sunset time is earlier than 5, to 2.5~4h of supplementing light for greenhouse；More preferably 3h.
When sunset time is later than at 5, to 4~6h of supplementing light for greenhouse；More preferably 5h.
In the present invention, hot-house culture when to tree peony carry out it is conventional loosen the soil, the operations such as weeding and fertilising, using this field
Conventional method.
The present invention is in hot-house culture, preferably according to floral leaf than 1:2~4 ratio carries out sparse branching to tree peony, both beautiful,
Unnecessary nutrient consumption can be reduced again, improve ventilation condition.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, technical solution provided by the invention is retouched in detail with reference to embodiment
It states, but they cannot be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
1) variety selection：Select 5 years raw seedlings of ' Luoyang is red ' Central Plains tree peony cultivars, every plant of 7~10 branches, plant height
50~60cm, robust growth, plant shape be neat, no disease and pests harm.
2) nursery stock preparation and seedling HORMONE TREATMENT：The lifting time is transported to Chifeng Area, Inner Mongolia standard in late September, 2016
Standby potting：Disease pest, withered branch are cut after lifting, 3d are hung after being carried out disinfection to seedling root with 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate, so
It uses the naphthalene acid solution of 50mg/L to spray entire root afterwards, then rhizome portion is sprayed on the Gibberellins solution of 500mg/l, in preparation
Basin.
3) potting：
A, the proportioning of potted peony Light media：Cultivation matrix by garden mould, purchase organic nutrient soil (npk fertilizer >=
6%, organic matter >=45%, pH=5.5~6.5, living bacteria count >=0.2 hundred million/g), haydite, perlite, vermiculite, and by following
Ratio is matched：Garden mould：Organic nutrient soil：Barnyard manure：Composite fertilizer：Perlite：Vermiculite=4:2:1:1:1:1, haydite and vermiculite
Dosage it is identical, in addition to haydite prepare matrix mix well it is spare.
B, flowerpot selects：Raw seedling root was longer due to 5 years, to select deep basin type flowerpot, also according further to pattern
Have and considers that material, appearance, the color of flowerpot will mutually be arranged in pairs or groups with tree peony.This is using red synthetic resin flowerpot, 5 years life ' Lip rivers
Sun it is red ' tree peony suitable for planting flowerpot size specification be 45cm (width) × 60cm (height).
C, it transplants：Method for planting is to cover flowerpot bottom drain holes with crock, is then made pottery in flowerpot bottom layer overlay
Grain, it is deep to insert the matrix prepared about 5cm thereon, and nursery stock is put into basin on it, ajusts, then fill out matrix to from basin along 2cm,
Compacting irrigates seedling recovering water after 3~5d, then backfills matrix to basin along 2cm.
D, slow seedling management after plant：The tree peony potted flower planted is placed in open air and covers at shade that (intensity of illumination is natural lighting
50% hereinafter, 15~20 DEG C of temperature) it conserves 2 weeks, 1~2 seedling recovering water is during which poured according to seedling growth situation and weather condition again.
4) maintenance management under the conditions of outdoor natural low temperature：The later potted peony of slow seedling is placed in normal at outdoor solar light abundance
Maintenance management receives when natural low temperature to outdoor temperature drops to -10 DEG C~-15 DEG C (Chifeng Area, Inner Mongolia December 10 in open air
Day or so, basin conserves about 50d or so outdoors to greenhouse is moved into from tree peony), chilling requirement is about -103 DEG C.
5) greenhouse maintenance management is moved into：Pruning is carried out according to seedling growth situation, foot bud is dredged, by floral leaf than 1/3
Ratio is thinning out extra branch, waters depending on seedling growth situation, loosens the soil, imposes composite fertilizer.
Warm indoor temperature carries out the lifting management of indoor temperature by warm air heating, the windowing measures such as leak informaton.Peony flower forcing,
It blooms from sprouting to grow into mainly including 3 different physiological periods, from sprouting aobvious flower bud phase, there are about when the development of 20d in early days
Between, for stem, leaf, the morphogenesis phase of bud makes 7~15 DEG C of indoor holding, 5~7 DEG C of night this daytime phase；Mid-term from aobvious flower bud to
Windbell phase about 25d, is the plant overall growth phase, and control on temperature daytime is at 15~20 DEG C, 10~15 DEG C of night；Later stage from the windbell phase
To the process of blooming there are about the 20d times, day temperature is controlled to 18~23 DEG C, and at 15~20 DEG C of night, humid control exists in greenhouse
Between 30%~40%.
Potted peony photo-irradiation treatment in greenhouse：It moves into behind greenhouse and photo-irradiation treatment is carried out to potted peony daily.Specific processing
Method is：Start to use 500w incandescent lamp light fillings after the daily setting sun, light filling 3h when the setting sun time is later than at 5, the setting sun time is earlier than 5 points
When light filling 5h.
Other Routine Managements：It is watered according to plant strain growth situation and matrix situation, since tree peony belongs to fleshy root, is poured
Water grasp parches the principle irrigated.It weeds with a hoe in time, wipes out deadwood and pest and disease damage branch, branch out of alignment and upsetting plant shape
The residual branch etc. of (branch of excessive growth, vertical branch, parallel branch, intersects branch, interior thorax branch, aging branch, overstocked branch at descending branch), Post flowering, improves
Ventilation and penetrating light condition, reduces the consumption of nutrient, and prevents pest and disease damage.
6) period in the Spring Festival blooms：On January 20th~30,2017, peony opened.
Comparative example 1
Except the selection of time of transplantation of seedlings is in addition in early November, 2016, other training methods are same as Example 1.Its
Transplanting seedling time is 7d, and the sun-drenched outdoor incubation time in outdoor is 15~20d, and flowering time is 42~51d.Flowering time exists
3 days or so January, not to the Spring Festival with regard to Blooming.
The peony that comparative example 1 and comparative example 1 are cultivated, same 5 years seedlings for selecting " Luoyang is red " kind, comparison
The tree peony of example 1 blooms, and flower is small, and flowering time is too early, and economic benefit declines.
Embodiment 2
1) variety selection：Selection ' two is tall ' 6 years raw graftings of kind, every plant of 9~10 branches, 55~70cm of plant height,
Robust growth, plant shape be neat, no disease and pests harm.
2) nursery stock preparation and seedling HORMONE TREATMENT：The lifting time is transported to Chifeng Area, Inner Mongolia in late September and prepares transplanting：
Disease pest, withered branch are cut after lifting, 5d are hung after being carried out disinfection to seedling root with the liquor potassic permanganate of 0.1% concentration, so
It uses the naphthalene acid solution of 40mg/L to spray entire root afterwards, then rhizome portion is sprayed on the Gibberellins solution of 550mg/l, in preparation
Basin.
3) potting：
A, the proportioning of potted peony Light media：Cultivation matrix by garden mould, purchase organic nutrient soil (npk fertilizer >=
6%, organic matter >=45%, pH=5.5~6.5, living bacteria count >=0.2 hundred million/g), haydite, perlite, vermiculite, and by following
Ratio is matched：Garden mould：Organic nutrient soil：Barnyard manure：Composite fertilizer：Perlite：Vermiculite=3.5:2.5:0.5:1.5:1.5:1,
The amount ratio of haydite and vermiculite is 1:1.5, the matrix prepared in addition to haydite is mixed well spare.
B, flowerpot selects：Deep basin type flowerpot is selected, is also had the material, appearance, color that consider flowerpot will be with according to pattern
Tree peony is mutually arranged in pairs or groups.This is suitable for planting flowerpot size specification using red synthetic resin flowerpot, life in 6 years ' purple hat silver wire ' tree peony
45cm (width) × 55cm (height).
C, it transplants：Method for planting is to cover flowerpot bottom drain holes with crock, is then made pottery in flowerpot bottom layer overlay
Grain, inserts the matrix prepared, nursery stock is put into basin on it, ajusts, the grafting part of grafting is made to be located at matrix table thereon
It at the lower 10cm of layer, then fills out matrix and, along 2cm, is tamped to from basin, irrigate seedling recovering water after 3~5d, then backfill matrix to basin along 2cm
Place.
D, slow seedling management after plant：The tree peony potted flower planted is placed in open air and covers at shade that (intensity of illumination is natural lighting
40% hereinafter, 15~20 DEG C of temperature) maintenance 10d, during which pours 1~2 seedling recovering water again according to seedling growth situation and weather condition.
4) maintenance management under the conditions of outdoor natural low temperature：The later potted peony of slow seedling is placed in normal at outdoor solar light abundance
Maintenance management, receives that (Chifeng Area, Inner Mongolia is by the end of November when natural low temperature to outdoor temperature drops to -10 DEG C~-15 DEG C in open air
Left and right, basin conserves about 50d or so outdoors to greenhouse is moved into from tree peony), chilling requirement is about -103 DEG C.
5) greenhouse maintenance management is moved into：Pruning is carried out according to seedling growth situation, foot bud is dredged, by floral leaf than 1/3
Ratio is thinning out extra branch, waters depending on seedling growth situation, loosens the soil, imposes composite fertilizer.
Warm indoor temperature carries out the lifting management of indoor temperature by warm air heating, the windowing measures such as leak informaton.Peony flower forcing,
It blooms from sprouting to grow into mainly including 3 different physiological periods, from sprouting aobvious flower bud phase, there are about when the development of 20d in early days
Between, for stem, leaf, the morphogenesis phase of bud makes 7~15 DEG C of indoor holding, 5~7 DEG C of night this daytime phase；Mid-term from aobvious flower bud to
Windbell phase about 25d, is the plant overall growth phase, and control on temperature daytime is at 15~20 DEG C, 10~15 DEG C of night；Later stage from the windbell phase
To the process of blooming there are about the 20d times, day temperature is controlled to 18~23 DEG C, and at 15~20 DEG C of night, humid control exists in greenhouse
Between 35%~40%.
Potted peony photo-irradiation treatment in greenhouse：It moves into behind greenhouse and photo-irradiation treatment is carried out to potted peony daily.Specific processing
Method is：Start to use 500w incandescent lamp light fillings after the daily setting sun, light filling 4h when the setting sun time is later than at 5, the setting sun time is earlier than 5 points
When light filling 6h.
Other Routine Managements：It is watered according to plant strain growth situation and matrix situation, since tree peony belongs to fleshy root, is poured
Water grasp parches the principle irrigated.It weeds with a hoe in time, wipes out deadwood and pest and disease damage branch, branch out of alignment and upsetting plant shape
The residual branch etc. of (branch of excessive growth, vertical branch, parallel branch, intersects branch, interior thorax branch, aging branch, overstocked branch at descending branch), Post flowering, improves
Ventilation and penetrating light condition, reduces the consumption of nutrient, and prevents pest and disease damage.
6) period in the Spring Festival blooms：Peony opens before New Year's Eve current year.
Comparative example 2
1) variety selection：Select 4 years raw seedlings of ' Luoyang is red ' Central Plains tree peony cultivars, every plant of 7~9 branches, plant height
60~70cm, robust growth, plant shape be neat, no disease and pests harm.
2) nursery stock preparation and seedling HORMONE TREATMENT：The lifting time is transported to Chifeng Area, Inner Mongolia standard in late September, 2016
Standby transplanting：Disease pest, withered branch are cut after lifting, 3d are hung after being carried out disinfection to seedling root with 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate, so
It uses the naphthalene acid solution of 50mg/L to spray entire root afterwards, then rhizome portion is sprayed on the Gibberellins solution of 500mg/l, prepare to move
It plants.
3) in transplanting to soil
Outdoor excavation cultivation pit, when plant, keep seedling rhizome portion parallel with earth's surface.When digging planting hole, table soil is placed on one
Side, the raw-soil are placed on the other side, first table soil are filled out when plant is banketed in the following, the raw-soil is filled out above, when half of banketing, seedling
Son up carries, and root system is made to be fully extended, and then tamps soil with waddy, so that root system is in close contact with soil, then fills up again
Planting hole, and in 10~15cm high of young plant rhizosphere hilling.
Slow seedling management after plant：Be arranged shade make the tree peony after transplanting be in open air give shade condition (intensity of illumination be from
The 45% of right illumination is hereinafter, 15~20 DEG C of temperature) it conserves 2 weeks, during which 1~2 is poured again according to seedling growth situation and weather condition
Secondary seedling recovering water.
4) maintenance management under the conditions of outdoor natural low temperature：Slow seedling removes shade later, and the tree peony of outdoor cropping is made to be in
Normal maintenance management is carried out under outdoor solar light sufficiency, receiving natural low temperature to outdoor temperature in open air drops to -10 DEG C~-15
DEG C when (10 days or so December of Chifeng Area, Inner Mongolia), will tree peony rise transplantation of seedlings to greenhouse in.
5) greenhouse maintenance management is moved into：Pruning is carried out according to seedling growth situation, foot bud is dredged, by floral leaf than 1/3
Ratio is thinning out extra branch, waters depending on seedling growth situation, loosens the soil, imposes composite fertilizer.
Warm indoor temperature carries out the lifting management of indoor temperature by warm air heating, the windowing measures such as leak informaton.Peony flower forcing,
It blooms from sprouting to grow into mainly including 3 different physiological periods, from sprouting aobvious flower bud phase, there are about when the development of 20d in early days
Between, for stem, leaf, the morphogenesis phase of bud makes 7~15 DEG C of indoor holding, 5~7 DEG C of night this daytime phase；Mid-term from aobvious flower bud to
Windbell phase about 25d, is the plant overall growth phase, and control on temperature daytime is at 15~20 DEG C, 10~15 DEG C of night；Later stage from the windbell phase
To the process of blooming there are about the 20d times, day temperature is controlled to 18~23 DEG C, and at 15~20 DEG C of night, humid control exists in greenhouse
Between 30%~40%.
Potted peony photo-irradiation treatment in greenhouse：It moves into behind greenhouse and photo-irradiation treatment is carried out to potted peony daily.Specific processing
Method is：Start to use 500w incandescent lamp light fillings after the daily setting sun, light filling 2.5h when the setting sun time is later than at 5, the setting sun time is earlier than 5
Light filling 4.5h when point.
Other Routine Managements：It is watered according to plant strain growth situation and matrix situation, since tree peony belongs to fleshy root, is poured
Water grasp parches the principle irrigated.It weeds with a hoe in time, wipes out deadwood and pest and disease damage branch, branch out of alignment and upsetting plant shape
The residual branch etc. of (branch of excessive growth, vertical branch, parallel branch, intersects branch, interior thorax branch, aging branch, overstocked branch at descending branch), Post flowering, improves
Ventilation and penetrating light condition, reduces the consumption of nutrient, and prevents pest and disease damage.
6) period in the Spring Festival blooms：January 23~2 month are bloomed on the 7th within 2017.
Compared with Example 1, since the frozen soil layer on cold ground in 11~December reaches 5~10cm, lifting is difficult for comparative example 2,
And it is not so good to be directly entered greenhouse management its root regeneration state for lifting at this time, has a certain impact to seedling growth, plant
Growing way is relatively slow.
Embodiment 3
This Experimental Comparison sprays the gibberellin of various concentration to tree peony
1, subjects：Varieties of Peony is selected as " Luoyang is red ", is divided into 7 groups, every group of each 10 plants of tree peony.
2, process is tested：
1) variety selection：6 years life ' Luoyang the is red ' graftings bought from Beijing flowers company, nursery stock plant type is neat, branch
Healthy and strong no disease and pests harm, bud satiation.
2) nursery stock preparation and seedling HORMONE TREATMENT：The lifting time was transported to Chifeng Area, Inner Mongolia standard on October 5th, 2016
Standby potting：Disease pest, withered branch are cut after lifting, 4d are hung after being carried out disinfection to seedling root with 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate, so
It uses the naphthalene acid solution of 50mg/L to spray entire root afterwards, each group is sprayed according still further to gibberellin concentration shown in table 1, it is accurate
Standby upper basin.
The concentration and number of the different gibberellin processing groups of table 1
3) potting：
A, the proportioning of potted peony Light media：Growth media have garden mould, purchase organic nutrient soil (npk fertilizer >=
6%, organic matter >=45%, PH=5.5-6.5, living bacteria count >=0.2 hundred million/g), haydite, perlite, vermiculite, and by comparing below
Example is matched：Garden mould：Organic nutrient soil：Barnyard manure：Composite fertilizer：Perlite：Vermiculite haydite=5:3:1:1:1:1.Except haydite
The matrix of outer preparation mixes well spare.
B, flowerpot selects：Synthetic resin flowerpot is selected, specification is 35cm (width) × 50cm (height).
C, it transplants：Method for planting is to cover flowerpot bottom drain holes with crock, is then made pottery in flowerpot bottom layer overlay
Grain, it is deep to insert the matrix prepared about 5cm thereon, and nursery stock is put into basin on it, ajusts, then fill out matrix to from basin along 2cm,
Compacting irrigates seedling recovering water after 3~5d, then backfills matrix to basin along 2cm.
D, slow seedling management after plant：The tree peony potted flower planted is placed in open air and covers at shade that (intensity of illumination is natural lighting
50% hereinafter, 15~20 DEG C of temperature) it conserves 2 weeks, 1~2 seedling recovering water is during which poured according to seedling growth situation and weather condition again.
4) maintenance management under the conditions of outdoor natural low temperature：Potted peony after upper basin is placed in field curing, and it is low to receive nature
Temperature carries out low-temperature treatment, and observes and records outdoor temperature, warm three times respectively at 6 points of 8 points of morning, 12 noon, evening records daily
Degree, to record the average value of temperature three times as day samming.Simultaneously tree peony is observed and recorded to sprout situation.Wait for outdoor temperature be stabilized to-
Potted peony is moved into laboratory and carries out maintenance management by (on November 21st, 2017) at 10 DEG C.
The later potted peony of slow seedling is placed in normal maintenance management at outdoor solar light abundance, receives natural low temperature in open air.
Outdoor temperature is observed and recorded, temperature three times is recorded respectively at 8 points of morning, 12 noon, 6 points of evening daily, to record temperature three times
Average value be day samming, while observing and recording tree peony and sprouting situation.(in the November, 2017 when outdoor temperature is stabilized to -10 DEG C
21 days) maintenance management will be carried out in potted peony immigration laboratory.
5) greenhouse maintenance management is moved into：Pruning is carried out according to seedling growth situation, foot bud is dredged, by floral leaf than 1/3
Ratio is thinning out extra branch, waters depending on seedling growth situation, loosens the soil, imposes composite fertilizer.
Warm indoor temperature carries out the lifting management of indoor temperature by warm air heating, the windowing measures such as leak informaton.Peony flower forcing,
It blooms from sprouting to grow into mainly including 3 different physiological periods, from sprouting aobvious flower bud phase, there are about when the development of 20d in early days
Between, for stem, leaf, the morphogenesis phase of bud makes 7~15 DEG C of indoor holding, 5~7 DEG C of night this daytime phase；Mid-term from aobvious flower bud to
Windbell phase about 25d, is the plant overall growth phase, and control on temperature daytime is at 15~20 DEG C, 10~15 DEG C of night；Later stage from the windbell phase
To the process of blooming there are about the 20d times, day temperature is controlled to 18~23 DEG C, and at 15~20 DEG C of night, humid control exists in greenhouse
Between 30%~40%.
Potted peony photo-irradiation treatment in greenhouse：It moves into behind greenhouse and photo-irradiation treatment is carried out to potted peony daily.Specific processing
Method is：Start to use 500w incandescent lamp light fillings after the daily setting sun, light filling 3h when the setting sun time is later than at 5, the setting sun time is earlier than 5 points
When light filling 5h.
Other Routine Managements：It is watered according to plant strain growth situation and matrix situation, since tree peony belongs to fleshy root, is poured
Water grasp parches the principle irrigated.It weeds with a hoe in time, wipes out deadwood and pest and disease damage branch, branch out of alignment and upsetting plant shape
The residual branch etc. of (branch of excessive growth, vertical branch, parallel branch, intersects branch, interior thorax branch, aging branch, overstocked branch at descending branch), Post flowering, improves
Ventilation and penetrating light condition, reduces the consumption of nutrient, and prevents pest and disease damage.
3, observation index
1) observational record in potted peony phenological period：
Observe and record the potted peony phenological period daily：This experiment tree peony phenological period is divided into germination period, leaf stretching period, just flower
Phase, full-bloom stage thank to five periods of florescence.
2) measurement of potted peony nutrient growth index：
Randomly selected in different disposal group 7 plants of representative tree peonies be listed label, after tree peony branches and leaves sprouting after
Long its plant height, hat width, branch, leaf width length, leaf breadth are measured week about to listed tree peony.
Plant height：The height for measuring plant rootstock to stem top takes its average value for plant height；
Hat width：It is hat width to measure tree peony maximum width and take its average value；
Branch is long：It is that branch is long to measure the branch base portion that is listed and take its average value to flower top length；
Branch is thick：It is that branch is thick to measure the branch base diameter that is listed and take its average value；
Leaf width is long：The length for measuring be listed branch base portion to top takes its average value long for leaf width；
Leaf breadth：It is leaf breadth to measure the branch diameter that is listed and take its average value.
3) measurement of the potted peony flower index of quality：
Hua Jing：Initial bloom stage starts to measure plant of listing flower diameter every 1d, its average value is taken to spend diameter for it；
Hua Gao：Initial bloom stage starts to spend height every 1d measurements plant of listing, its average value is taken to spend height for it.
Florescence：Spend the time for being open into last blossom fall for its florescence for first with every basin.
4) the measurement record of epidemic disaster：
Since upper basin morning 8 is read respectively daily with hygrothermograph test temperature, humidity daily：00 point, noon 12：00,
Afternoon 18：Humiture when 00, and its daily average value is calculated, total accumulated temperature is calculated according to each average accumulated temperature.And humidity
Every morning, noon, the evening average value of data three times is taken to be called relative humidity.
4, observed result
1) phenological period observed result and analysis (as shown in table 2)
The 2 different disposal group phenological period of table compares
Note："-" indicates no this item.
As shown in Table 2, it is S1 to sprout earliest, sprouts within 4th November, is S0 (CK) the latest, sprouts within 2nd December,
He sprouted 7 to 12 November substantially, and contrast ratio processing group is sprouted in recent years one month.And that start Zhang Ye at first is S5,
That Zhang Ye is S0 (CK) the latest, other processing groups Zhang Ye successively between S5 and S0 (CK).It is S5 earliest to bloom, and is S0 the latest
(CK), and S6 is not bloomed then.The longest florescence is S1, from coming into bloom to thanking the florescence have 12d, the shortest florescence is S0 (CK),
Only 7d, and other processing groups are between them to bloom successively and thank to flower successively.Processing group is about the left sides 50d from sprouting to blooming
The right side, control group about 30d or so.Processing group S6 is not bloomed.
2) different disposal group tree peony nutrient growth situation compares
As seen from Figure 2, S0 (CK), S3, S4, S5 fast growing period, to December 12, entered later November 28
Slowly growth, S1, S2, S6 fast growing period, to December 5, entered slow growth period, S6, S4 to December later November 28
Stop growing within 19th, other stopped to grow substantially to December 26, and plant height S5 highests, growing way is best, and S1 plant heights are minimum, and overall growth rule is in
Existing serpentine curve.
Known to Fig. 3, S3, S4, S6 is most apparent in the variation of initial hat width, and S0 (CK) is in December 6 to December 13 later
Week age presentation ramps, and carries out nutrient growth, S0 (CK), S1, S2 after December 13, S3, S4, S5, S6 growth
All start to become slow, nearly all stop substantially in the last stage.Hat width S3 (300mg/L gibberellin processing group) is larger,
Variation is most apparent, and in comparison S0 most starts growing way poor.
As shown in Figure 4, it is that S5 growths are most fast that branch is long, from November 29 until presentation on December 29 ramps.S0
(CK) November 29 there is no the long growth change of branch, to December 6 start fast-growth until December 13 almost with place
Reason group change curve it is consistent, start it is slow-growing and after the December 20 only S0 (CK) in mechanical slowly growth,
And other groups almost stop growing, and do not change significantly.As a whole, the branch of processing group relative comparison group is long-living with bright
Aobvious advantage but later stage control group is very fast in mid-term growth, variation is more apparent.
As shown in Figure 5, just obviously than other group growing way is preferable by S5 when initially starting to measure, and S4, S3, S6, S2 is 11
The moon, 29 day growths were equally matched.December 6 S6, S4, S3 enter the rapid growth phase, changed unobvious after the December 13,
Grow into lag phase, but S0 (CK) was grown since December 6, presentation ramps, until December 20 start and
Processing group is the same almost stops growing for other.But S0 (CK) growing way is best on the whole, is exactly secondly S5, is compared to more general
S6。
Known to Fig. 6, S3, S5 change curve are in rising trend, and S5 growths are best, and S0 (CK), S1, S2, S4, S6 change
It is overall that gradually homoepitaxial situation is presented.It stops growing after each processing group December 27.
Known to Fig. 7, leaf width change curve is S6, and S2 amplitudes of variation are larger, just without so bright after December 13
It is aobvious, it is that S5 is ramped from presentation always is started instead, only amplitude of variation is more stable.S0 (CK) is from leaf width on December 6
What is just changed is presented rising as other processing groups, but S0 (CK), S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6 December 20 it
After grow and almost stopped.But ascendant trend is generally speaking all presented, processing group S5 (500mg/L gibberellin) growths are best, and one
Variation tends to be constant when the later stage.
3) different disposal group tree peony reproductive growth situation compares
As seen from Figure 8, tree peony nutrient growth simultaneously enter reproductive growth, in November 29 plant enter reproductive growth
Phase entered soon no matter control group or processing group are slow-growing on December 6 in this period November 29 December 6
Fast-growing is long-term, and especially the S4 slopes of curve are maximum, and S0 on December 13 (CK), S1, which also enter, grows most rapid period, and S2,
Then from December 13 until slow growth tendency, variation unobvious is presented in growth in December 27, flower enters full blossom by S3, S4, S5
Phase.And S6 does not change always.
Known to Fig. 9, flower height change unobvious in general, amplitude is small, S6 (600mg/L gibberellin) almost without
Variation, S4 from December 6 enter fast growing period, until December 13 again enter slow growth period, S0 (CK) from December 20 into
Entering fast growing period, S1, S2, S3, S5 entered fast growing period December 6, until December 13 entered slow growth period, by
It gradually stops growing, finally enters and thank to the florescence.Each processing group growth curve is in serpentine curve.
4) different disposal group tree peony overall target compares (as shown in table 3)
3 different disposal group overall target of table compares
Note："-" indicates that no this item, " * " indicate significant difference in table.
Known to table 3, plant height processing group S5 highests, with other group of significant difference, hat width S3 is maximum, poor with other processing groups
Different significantly branch long S0 and S5 is considerably longer than other processing groups, and the thick S5 of branch is significantly coarser than other processing groups, and Hua Jing S5 are maximum, with it
His processing group significant difference, followed by S4, and S0 (ck) flower diameters are minimum, and high S5 is spent to be noticeably greater than other processing groups, it is maximum, secondly
It is S4, S0 is minimum.The longest florescence is processing group S1, and shortest is S0.Integrated comparative, processing group S5 (500mg/L gibberellin)
Plant height highest, hat width is moderate, and branch is long, branch is thick, Hua Jing, spends high maximum, flower best in quality.
4. conclusion and discussion
1) area's winter natural low temperature combination gibberellin processing can break tree peony suspend mode, promote peony plant growth and open
Flower.
From potted peony on October 5 to November 25 in the low temperature amount of outdoor accumulation it is -103 DEG C in this research, this low temperature
Amount can break the suspend mode of tree peony to bloom in conjunction with red mould processing.Although the gibberellin processing of 600mg/L also promotees in processing group
Make plant strain growth, but be unfavorable for bud differentiation, does not bloom, it can be seen that, the gibberellin of high concentration inhibits tree peony bud instead
Differentiation.Control group is handled without gibberellin, is sprouted compared with processing group later (in recent years one month), but is bloomed, and is illustrated red
The low temperature amount that peak area accumulated before November 25 also disclosure satisfy that the vernalization condition of tree peony and bloom, but it is later to sprout.
2) 500mg/L gibberellin processing group effect is best in all processing groups.
500mg/L gibberellin processing groups are sprouted relatively early in this experiment, are bloomed earliest, and plant height highest, hat width is moderate, branch
Length, branch are thick, Hua Jing, spend high maximum, flower best in quality.Therefore Integrated comparative, 500mg/L gibberellin processing groups effect is most
It is good.Although other gibberellin processing groups are sprouted all relatively compares early, but its overall target is not as good as the processing of 500mg/L gibberellin, explanation
Concentration can break tree peony suspend mode in 600mg/L various concentration gibberellin below, promote Growth and anthesis, but various concentration is imitated
Fruit is different, and optium concentration is 500mg/L in this research.In traditional tree peony winter flower forcing, using it is most be with 1% sulphur
Change hydrogen and handle tree peony bud, is urged using ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid within growth period after falling leaves piece, with gibberellin bud picking, to promote flower bud germination.
In short, the method for the invention, which breaks freezer in traditional peony flower forcing research, carries out low-temperature treatment link, utilize
Natural low temperature reaches tree peony vernalization, if being applied to produce reality, it will a large amount of human and material resources are saved, to reach
The purpose for reducing cost input, improving production economy value, the flower that will also greatly enrich and activate north of china in winter dull
Grass market improves the situation of winter flowers market kind dullness, increases cold district Winter blooming plants type, therefore the present invention
The method is that cold district carries out the production of tree peony potted flower with important reference significance.
Embodiment 4
1) variety selection：Selection 5 years raw seedlings of ' Feng Dan is white ' Varieties of Peony, every plant of 7~10 branches, plant height 50~
60cm, robust growth, plant shape be neat, no disease and pests harm.' Feng Dan is white '：Machaka.Branch is short and thick.The tops flower Dan Shengzhi, sepal
5, green, width egg shape differs in size；Filigree top white, anther oblong.
2) nursery stock preparation and seedling HORMONE TREATMENT：The lifting time is transported to Chifeng Area, Inner Mongolia standard in early October, 2014
Standby potting：Disease pest, withered branch are cut after lifting, 3d are hung after being carried out disinfection to seedling root with 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate, so
It uses the naphthalene acid solution of 50mg/L to spray entire root afterwards, then rhizome portion is sprayed on the Gibberellins solution of 500mg/l, in preparation
Basin.
3) potting：
A, the proportioning of potted peony Light media：Cultivation matrix is by rural area soil：River sand：Barnyard manure is according to volume ratio 2:2:1 prepares,
Matrix is mixed well spare.
B, flowerpot selects：, using red synthetic resin flowerpot, flowerpot size specification is 45cm (width) × 60cm (height) for this.
C, it transplants：Method for planting is to cover flowerpot bottom drain holes with crock, is then filled with the matrix prepared about 5cm
It is deep, nursery stock is put into basin on it, is ajusted, then fills out matrix and, along 2cm, is tamped to from basin, seedling recovering water is irrigated after 3~5d, then
Backfill matrix is to basin along 2cm.
D, slow seedling management after plant：The tree peony potted flower planted is placed in open air and covers at shade that (intensity of illumination is natural lighting
50% hereinafter, 15~20 DEG C of temperature) it conserves 2 weeks, 1~2 seedling recovering water is during which poured according to seedling growth situation and weather condition again.
4) maintenance management under the conditions of outdoor natural low temperature：The later potted peony of slow seedling is placed in normal at outdoor solar light abundance
Maintenance management receives when natural low temperature to outdoor temperature drops to -10 DEG C~-15 DEG C (Chifeng Area, Inner Mongolia December 7 in open air
Day, basin conserves 45d outdoors to greenhouse is moved into from tree peony).
5) greenhouse maintenance management is moved into：Pruning is carried out according to seedling growth situation, foot bud is dredged, by floral leaf than 1/3
Ratio is thinning out extra branch, waters depending on seedling growth situation, loosens the soil, imposes composite fertilizer.
Warm indoor temperature carries out the lifting management of indoor temperature by warm air heating, the windowing measures such as leak informaton.Peony flower forcing,
It blooms from sprouting to grow into mainly including 3 different physiological periods, from sprouting aobvious flower bud phase, there are about when the development of 20d in early days
Between, for stem, leaf, the morphogenesis phase of bud makes 7~15 DEG C of indoor holding, 5~7 DEG C of night this daytime phase；Mid-term from aobvious flower bud to
Windbell phase about 25d, is the plant overall growth phase, and control on temperature daytime is at 15~20 DEG C, 10~15 DEG C of night；Later stage from the windbell phase
To the process of blooming there are about the 20d times, day temperature is controlled to 18~23 DEG C, and at 15~20 DEG C of night, humid control exists in greenhouse
Between 30%~40%.
Potted peony photo-irradiation treatment in greenhouse：It moves into behind greenhouse and photo-irradiation treatment is carried out to potted peony daily.Specific processing
Method is：Start to use 500w incandescent lamp light fillings after the daily setting sun, light filling 4h when the setting sun time is later than at 5, the setting sun time is earlier than 5 points
When light filling 5h.
Other Routine Managements：It is watered according to plant strain growth situation and matrix situation, since tree peony belongs to fleshy root, is poured
Water grasp parches the principle irrigated.It weeds with a hoe in time, wipes out deadwood and pest and disease damage branch, branch out of alignment and upsetting plant shape
The residual branch etc. of (branch of excessive growth, vertical branch, parallel branch, intersects branch, interior thorax branch, aging branch, overstocked branch at descending branch), Post flowering, improves
Ventilation and penetrating light condition, reduces the consumption of nutrient, and prevents pest and disease damage.
6) period in the Spring Festival blooms：On January 3rd~10,2015, peony opened.Average plant height is 49.8cm, and hat width is
37.6cm, the plant height of container culturing tree peony, hat width eurythmy, branch is sturdy and moderate length, and flower quality is good, has preferable
Ornamental value.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for promoting to bloom during the tree peony Spring Festival using cold ground condition, includes the following steps：
(1) select life in 4~6 years, 50~70cm of plant height tree peony seedling, late September to the early October on cold ground transplants in flowerpot；
The whole root systems for spraying the tree peony seedling before transplanting with 40~60mg/L naphthalene acid solutions, with 100~500mg/L gibberellin
At the rhizome of tree peony seedling described in solution spraying, 3~5d is hung；
(2) potted peony after transplanting is placed under the conditions of open air is given shade and is cultivated 1~2 week, carry out slow seedling；
(3) by the potted peony after slow seedling with being placed in northern cold it is outdoor it is sunny under the conditions of cultivate, until outdoor temperature reduces
When to -10~-15 DEG C, potted peony is moved into greenhouse transplanting；
(4) it is to the squaring period of tree peony, greenhouse experiment behind immigration greenhouse：7~15 DEG C of daytime temperature, 5~7 DEG C of nocturnal temperature；
The squaring period of tree peony to windbell phase, greenhouse experiment be：15~20 DEG C of daytime temperature, 10~15 DEG C of nocturnal temperature；
Windbell phase to the florescence of tree peony, greenhouse experiment are：18~23 DEG C of daytime temperature, 15~20 DEG C of nocturnal temperature.
2. promoting the method bloomed during the tree peony Spring Festival using cold ground condition according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
(1) in, the tree peony seedling is selected from tree peony seedling, tree peony grafting or tree peony axillary seedling.
3. according to claim 1 or claim 2 promote the method bloomed during the tree peony Spring Festival using cold ground condition, which is characterized in that
In step (1), the tree peony seedling first carries out disinfection to tree peony seedling root system before spraying naphthalene acid solution and Gibberellins solution.
4. promoting the method bloomed during the tree peony Spring Festival using cold ground condition according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
(1) in, when tree peony seedling is potting, the transplanting is：With transplanting medium to it is described spray gibberellin and naphthalene acid solution after
Tree peony seedling is cultivated, and the transplanting medium includes garden mould, organic nutrient soil, barnyard manure, composite fertilizer, perlite, vermiculite and haydite.
5. promoting the method bloomed during the tree peony Spring Festival using cold ground condition according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described
The proportioning of cultivation matrix is：Garden mould, organic nutrient soil, barnyard manure, composite fertilizer, perlite, vermiculite and haydite volume ratio be 2~4:
2~4:0.5~1.5:0.5~1.5:0.5~1.5:0.5~1.5.
6. promoting the method bloomed during the tree peony Spring Festival using cold ground condition according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
(2) in, the intensity of illumination under the conditions of the open air is given shade is no more than the 50% of available light.
7. promoting the method bloomed during the tree peony Spring Festival using cold ground condition according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
(4) in, the temperature indoor humidity is 30~40%.
8. promoting the method bloomed during the tree peony Spring Festival using cold ground condition according to claim 1 or 7 is described, which is characterized in that
In the step (4), after the daily setting sun, to 2.5~6h of supplementing light for greenhouse.
9. promoting the method bloomed during the tree peony Spring Festival using cold ground condition according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the same day
When falling the time and being later than at 5 in afternoon, to 2.5~4h of supplementing light for greenhouse；When sunset time is earlier than at 5 in afternoon, to supplementing light for greenhouse 4~
6h。
10. promoting the method bloomed during the tree peony Spring Festival using cold ground condition according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
It states in step (4), according to floral leaf than 1 when hot-house culture:2~4 ratio sparse branching.
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