CN108740891B - 一种鲊辣椒及其制作方法 - Google Patents
一种鲊辣椒及其制作方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108740891B CN108740891B CN201810317620.6A CN201810317620A CN108740891B CN 108740891 B CN108740891 B CN 108740891B CN 201810317620 A CN201810317620 A CN 201810317620A CN 108740891 B CN108740891 B CN 108740891B
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种鲊辣椒及其制作方法,涉及食品加工技术领域,具体包括以下组分:辣椒25~30斤,玉米粉60斤,蒜、姜各约0.5斤,酵素5~10斤,所述酵素由以下重量份的原料制成:苦瓜25~35份、荸荠20~30份、芦荟5~10份、寒必温1~2份、低聚糖1~5份、蜂蜜1~5份,复合菌粉5~15份。本发明制得的鲊辣椒,在发酵过程可不加入高浓度食盐,且经复合菌粉的作用产生丰富的代谢产物,因此发酵的成品安全健康,香气纯正浓厚。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及食品加工技术领域,具体涉及一种鲊辣椒及其制作方法。
背景技术
鲊辣椒又称鲊金椒、鲊海椒、鲊广椒,其制作方法是:将鲜红辣椒去蒂洗净,沥干水分,用铡刀剁成细沫,加入食盐拌匀,再加入苞谷面拌匀(也有的还拌入花椒、桔皮等调料)。盛入干净的坛子里,上面盖上菜叶,然后用竹片将其卡紧,再倒置于盆中,加入水,让其密封发酵,约一个月左右,即得成品。鲊辣椒是许多鲊菜的母菜,是鲊菜之母,既可单独成菜,也可用其作为原料加工成许多鲊菜。
中国专利号CN103125899B公开了一种渣海椒的加工方法,由玉米粉、鲜辣椒、盐菜、植物油、食盐、花椒、生姜、胡椒、香菇、大蒜、味精混合加工而成,但是该发明在发酵过程中加入大量食盐,极易导致成品中产生大量的亚硝酸盐,具有潜在的致癌性;其次,含有的鲜辣椒、生姜、胡椒、大蒜等都为发热食材,食之易上火,引发人体不适;再者,采用自然发酵,发酵条件稳定性差,过程不可控,发酵产物不确定,从而导致产品性质不稳定、安全性低,不适于工业化大规模生产。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述现有技术的缺陷,提供一种鲊辣椒及其制作方法,利用荸荠、苦瓜、芦荟、寒必温等原料经复合菌粉发酵后得到的酵素作为菌种,发酵过程可不加入高浓度食盐,且经复合菌粉的作用产生丰富的代谢产物,因此发酵的成品安全健康,香气纯正浓厚。
一种鲊辣椒,由以下重量份的原料制成:辣椒25~30斤,玉米粉60斤,蒜、姜各约0.5斤,酵素5~10斤,通过下述方法制得:
S1、选料:选取颜色正红、肉质较厚的辣椒洗净,切成0.5-1cm的碎块;
S2、灭菌:将切好的辣椒浸泡在酒精中15min;通过酒精杀菌,避免引入外源杂菌,影响发酵过程;
S3、蒸制:取出辣椒,置于刷上一层植物油的中蒸锅蒸10min左右,出料,冷却备用;蒸制作用在于蒸干酒精为后续发酵做准备,酒精含量高会抑制菌的活性;且辣椒外表的蜡质层会阻止进入辣椒内部的酒精挥发,蒸制可加速酒精挥发;其次,通过加热和水的渗透使得细胞破裂,同时细胞内源性各种酶和营养成分释放出来,更加有利于物质的分解和后期发酵;再者,先蒸熟再发酵可以增加产量,发酵完成后成品可直接食用,相比于发酵完成后,再通过炒熟的方式,产量可增加16~20%。
S3、拌和:蒸熟辣椒25~30斤,撒上灭菌的玉米粉60斤,蒜、姜各约0.5斤,酵素5~10斤,在搅拌机内充分拌和均匀。
S4、封坛发酵:洗净陶瓷坛,沥干水分,用酒精擦拭灭菌,把拌合后的鲊辣椒装入坛内,边装边用干净的灭菌木棒塞紧,装至离坛口1~2cm,随后用酒精灯火焰处理坛口,并用灭菌的塑料薄膜封实坛口,坛口外沿灌灭菌水加盖,进行发酵。对坛子消毒、装坛密封时用酒精灯火焰处理坛口、坛口外沿灌灭菌水加盖等,都有抑制微生物生长的作用。
S5、出坛分装:当发酵室内有较浓的乳酸味,坛口玉米料发酵成乳白色,有酸味即可出坛,摊冷后,每袋装料200克,于真空包装机内包装,高压灭菌30min。出锅经检验合格即为成品。
进一步的,所述酵素由以下重量份的原料制成:苦瓜25~35份、荸荠20~30份、芦荟5~10份、寒必温1~2份、低聚糖1~5份、蜂蜜1~5份,复合菌粉5~15份,通过下述方法制得:
S1、将洗净的苦瓜、荸荠、芦荟切碎,加入寒必温、低聚糖和蜂蜜,紫外灭菌30min;
S2、加入复合菌粉,混匀后装入坛中,调节温度为25~35℃,相对湿度为85~90%,密封发酵,发酵25~30天后,形成酸味,即得所述酵素。
进一步的,所述复合菌粉由醋酸杆菌1~2份、酿酒酵母2~4份、乳酸杆菌2~4份和双歧杆菌1~2份组成。
进一步的,所述酵素为8斤。
进一步的,所述酵素由以下重量份的原料制成:苦瓜30份、荸荠25份、芦荟8份、寒必温1份、低聚糖3份、蜂蜜3份,复合菌粉10份。
进一步的,所述复合菌粉由醋酸杆菌1份、酿酒酵母3份、乳酸杆菌3份和双歧杆菌2份组成。
进一步的,所述低聚糖为低聚木糖或大豆低聚糖。
进一步的,所述酒精为75%的酒精水溶液。
在传统的发酵过程中,添加高浓度食盐,是为了提高环境的渗透压,抑制微生物生长,防止腌制的食物变质腐败;本发明利用酵素发酵,荸荠、苦瓜、芦荟、寒必温等原料发酵后得到的酵素,含有荸荠英、芦荟酊等物质,具有抑菌杀菌的作用,可以防止发酵过程中滋生杂菌;且发酵完成的酵素以添加的菌类为主,形成绝对优势菌群,可以抵御外源微生物的污染,抑制和消灭病原体的繁殖,赋予酵素抗菌的功效,防止辣椒发霉;因此利用酵素发酵可以不添加食盐,避免成品鲊辣椒中生成亚硝酸盐。其次,本发明的酵素原料荸荠、苦瓜、芦荟等具有清热泻火的作用,与发热的辣椒配伍,可有效降低上火症状,具体酵素中各原料功效如下:
苦瓜又称凉瓜、锦荔枝,葫芦科苦瓜属一年生蔓性草木;苦瓜不仅有良好的食用价值,而且还有明显的药用功能,素有“药用蔬菜”之称。苦瓜性寒味苦,富含维生素C、多种氨基酸及丰富矿物质,几种对人体有益的矿物质钙、镁、铁的含量较高;苦瓜具有清热泻火、明目解毒、补肾润脾、除邪热、解劳乏之功效,而且还有抗癌、降低血糖、治疗糖尿病的作用;对肠胃炎、赤眼、恶疮、中暑等症的效果良好。据研究发现,苦瓜提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌、大肠杆菌等受试细菌和部分酵母菌具有良好的抑制作用,而且抑菌浓度低,pH作用范围广,热稳定性强,是一种良好的天然广谱抗菌剂。苦瓜搭配辛味的食物如辣椒、蒜等还可避免苦味入心,有助于补益肺气。
荸荠,俗称马蹄、地栗、乌芋、菩荠等,为莎草科荸荠属多年生浅水性草本植物,性味甘寒,是一种优良的药食兼用的果蔬类食物,其肉质细嫩,汁多味甜,清脆爽口,自古有“地下雪梨”之美誉。现代医学研究表明,荸荠具有清热解毒、凉血生津、明目清音、消食醒酒利尿排淋的功效,可用于治疗黄疸、痢疾、小儿麻痹、便秘等疾病。荸荠中还含有一种抗菌成分-荸荠英,对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、产气肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌等有一定的抑制作用。荸荠的甜味也可中和苦瓜的甘苦,使酵素既有苦瓜的清香,也有荸荠的甜美。
芦荟,为百合科芦荟,属多年生、常绿、肉质草本植物;性寒,味苦,具有泻火、解毒、化瘀、杀虫之功效,主治目赤、便秘、白浊、尿血、小儿惊痫、疳积、烧烫伤、痔疮、疥疮、跌打损伤等。芦荟的化学成分相当复杂,主含蒽醌及其甙类、苷、萘酮、有机酸以及糖类、蛋白质、草酸钙、钾、钠、铜、锌、铬等二十多种无机元素和维生素类物质。芦荟蒽醌类化合物中的芦荟酊、芦荟大黄素甙、芦荟苦素等成分是抗菌性很强的物质,能杀灭真菌、霉菌、细菌、病毒等病菌,对丝状菌、链球菌、绿脓杆菌、葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、副伤寒杆菌、炭疽芽孢杆菌等革兰氏阳性菌和阴性表现出强力的杀菌效果。
寒必温,一种药物,具有扶正固本,温胃养胃,行气止痛,助阳暖中,健脾消食的功效。其性温,可缓和苦瓜、荸荠、芦荟的寒凉之性,寒温互补,作用温和有效。且其含有多种香辛料,如花椒、八角、桂皮、姜、茴香,一则可以调味,二则具有防腐杀菌的作用。
低聚糖,含有2-10个糖苷键聚合而成的化合物,糖苷键是一个单糖的苷羟基和另一单糖的某一羟基脱水缩合形成的,具有调节肠道菌群、改善人体内微生态环境、调节血脂、调节免疫等作用。由于人体消化道不具备分解消化低聚糖的酶系统,因此其很难或不能被人体消化吸收,而是直接到达小肠和大肠,发挥生理作用。低聚糖可竞争性的和病原菌结合,阻碍病原菌在肠壁黏附,致使病原菌死亡而失去致病能力;其次,低聚糖是益生菌的营养物质,对多种益生菌具有增效作用,可促进其大量繁殖,发酵产生多种有机酸,降低肠道pH值,抑制大肠杆菌和产气荚膜梭菌等有害菌的生长,增强机体免疫力。本发明选用的低聚木糖又称木寡糖,是由2-7个木糖分子以β-1,4糖苷键结合而成的功能性聚合糖,大豆低聚糖是大豆中可溶性糖质的总称,主要成分是指单糖数为3~4的蔗糖(双糖)、棉子糖(三糖)和水苏糖(四糖)等,两者都为超强双歧因子,对双歧杆菌有很好的增殖作用。
蜂蜜,由于浓度极高,渗透压大,进入其中的细胞会严重脱水死亡,所以蜂蜜不中基本不含有微生物,且蜂蜜营养丰富,以其作为本发明添加的发酵菌类的营养源,不会引入外来杂菌,保证发酵过程顺利进行,如果发酵过程中可利用糖不足,乳酸菌将不能良好生长。
本发明的复合菌粉在酢辣椒发酵过程中起着重要作用,一是形成绝对优势菌群,快速发酵产酸,抑制和消灭病原微生物的繁殖,赋予酵素抗菌的功效;二是产生丰富的代谢产物,这些物质相互作用形成了酢辣椒的风味物质。具体功能如下:
1)醋酸杆菌:属化能异氧菌,严格好氧,在中性或酸性时氧化乙醇为醋酸,氧化乙酸盐和乳酸盐二氧化碳和水和水,乙醇是良好的碳源,在食品工业上常用于食醋酿造。
2)啤酒酵母,是一种非常安全、营养丰富、均衡的食用微生物,兼性厌氧,能将糖发酵成酒精和二氧化碳,常用于啤酒生产。菌体维生素、蛋白质含量高,还含有完整的B族维生素,可作食用、药用和饲料酵母,其菌体中细胞色素C、核酸、谷胱甘肽、凝血质、辅酶A和三磷酸腺苷含量较高等。
3)乳酸杆菌,嗜酸性,生存最适pH为5.5~6.0,在pH 3.0~4.5的环境中仍能生存。一般在厌氧条件下繁殖,可发酵碳水化合物(主要为葡萄糖)并产生大量乳酸。
4)双歧杆菌,一种严格厌氧的细菌,初始生长最适pH为6.5-7.0,生长pH范围一般4.5~8.5,糖代谢经独特异型乳酸发酵途径进行,特点是利用葡萄糖产乙酸和乳酸,不产生二氧化碳。
由于在发酵初期,坛中存有少量空气,这为好氧微生物如醋酸杆菌、啤酒酵母提供了一段时间通常为3~4d的生长繁殖机会,在此期间,它们分泌产生大量酶类,分解原料中大分子物质如淀粉、纤维素、蛋白质等,生成小分子的糖类、氨基酸等物质供其他微生物利用,并产生维生素等活性产物,啤酒酵母还分泌果胶酶,使与纤维素结合的果胶物质降解,果胶酶的作用使辣椒组织软化,加速内容物释出,利于后期发酵;同时好氧微生物的新陈代谢作用消耗了坛中空气,为厌氧微生物如乳酸杆菌的生长繁殖创造条件,乳酸杆菌利用分解的营养成分优势生长,进行下一步的发酵作用;厌氧条件下,乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌等迅速生长产酸,使pH快速降至能有效抑制病源微生物的水平,而酵母菌、醋酸菌等却能始终保持一定数量,并产生各自的代谢物,这些物质相互作用形成了酢辣椒的风味物质。
乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌在兼性条件下利用可发酵性糖产生乳酸,还可与醋酸杆菌共同生成醋酸、丙酸等有机酸,它们在赋予酢辣椒酸味的同时,还可与乳酸发酵过程中产生的醇、醛、酮等物质相互作用形成多种新的呈味物质;酿酒酵母的酒精发酵的结果是产生乙醇,其本身就具有微微的醇香,且乙醇与其它酸类物质结合生成酯更增加酢辣椒的香气。
双歧杆菌和乳杆菌通过互利共生,乳杆菌在生长中需要醋酸盐,维生素B2、和叶酸等营养物质,而双歧杆菌在发酵中除能生成醋酸外,还能合成维生素B1、B2、B12和叶酸等,刚好供给乳杆菌的需要,促进乳杆菌的生长增殖;同时乳杆菌提供各种已分解的产物,促进双歧杆菌的生长。二者协同加快发酵产酸,加速致病菌和有害微生物的死亡。
本发明的有益效果是:
1.本发明利用酵素发酵,荸荠、苦瓜、芦荟、寒必温等原料发酵后得到的酵素,含有荸荠英、芦荟酊等物质,具有抑菌杀菌的作用,可以防止发酵过程中滋生杂菌;且发酵完成的酵素以添加的菌类为主,形成绝对优势菌群,可以抵御外源微生物的污染,抑制和消灭病原体的繁殖,赋予酵素抗菌的功效,防止辣椒发霉;因此利用酵素发酵可以不添加高浓度的食盐,发酵的成品更安全健康。
2.本发明的酵素原料荸荠、苦瓜、芦荟等具有清热泻火的作用,与发热的辣椒配伍,可有效降低上火症状。
3.利用复合菌粉的作用,产生丰富的代谢产物,这些物质相互作用形成了酢辣椒的风味物质。其中乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌在兼性条件下利用可发酵性糖产生乳酸,还可与醋酸杆菌共同生成醋酸、丙酸等有机酸,它们在赋予酢辣椒酸味的同时,还可与乳酸发酵过程中产生的醇、醛、酮等物质相互作用形成多种新的呈味物质;酿酒酵母的酒精发酵的结果是产生乙醇,其本身就具有微微的醇香,且乙醇与其它酸类物质结合生成酯更增加酢辣椒的香气。本发明的鲊辣椒醇香及绵酸味比自然发酵的酢辣椒要浓厚且纯正。
4.采用已知功能和培养条件的复合菌粉进行发酵,条件可控,操作简单,保证每次发酵过程一致,因而得到的成品性质稳定,适于工业化大规模生产。
具体实施方式
下面将结合实施例,对技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
一、实施例
实施例1
一种鲊辣椒,由以下重量份的原料制成:辣椒25斤,玉米粉60斤,蒜、姜各约0.5斤,酵素5斤,通过下述方法制得:
S1、选料:选取颜色正红、肉质较厚的辣椒洗净,切成0.5-1cm的碎块;
S2、灭菌:将切好的辣椒浸泡在酒精中15min;通过酒精杀菌,避免引入外源杂菌,影响发酵过程;
S3、蒸制:取出辣椒,置于刷上一层植物油的中蒸锅蒸10min左右,出料,冷却备用;
S3、拌和:蒸熟辣椒25斤,撒上灭菌的玉米粉60斤,蒜、姜各约0.5斤,酵素5斤,在搅拌机内充分拌和均匀。
S4、封坛发酵:洗净陶瓷坛,沥干水分,用酒精擦拭灭菌,把拌合后的鲊辣椒装入坛内,边装边用干净的灭菌木棒塞紧,装至离坛口1~2cm,随后用酒精灯火焰处理坛口,并用灭菌的塑料薄膜封实坛口,坛口外沿灌灭菌水加盖,进行发酵。
S5、出坛分装:当发酵室内有较浓的乳酸味,坛口玉米料发酵成乳白色,有酸味即可出坛,摊冷后,每袋装料200克,于真空包装机内包装,高压灭菌锅灭菌30min。出锅经检验合格即为成品。
所述酵素由以下重量份的原料制成:苦瓜25份、荸荠30份、芦荟5份、寒必温1份、低聚木糖1份、蜂蜜1份,复合菌粉5份,所述复合菌粉由醋酸杆菌1份、酿酒酵母2份、乳酸杆菌4份和双歧杆菌2份组成,通过下述方法制得:
S1、将洗净的苦瓜、荸荠、芦荟切碎,加入寒必温、低聚糖和蜂蜜,紫外灭菌30min;
S2、加入复合菌粉,混匀后装入坛中,调节温度为25~35℃,相对湿度为85~90%,密封发酵,发酵25~30天后,形成酸味,即得所述酵素。
实施例2
一种鲊辣椒,由以下重量份的原料制成:辣椒30斤,玉米粉60斤,蒜、姜各约0.5斤,酵素5斤,通过下述方法制得:
S1、选料:选取颜色正红、肉质较厚的辣椒洗净,切成0.5-1cm的碎块;
S2、灭菌:将切好的辣椒浸泡在酒精中15min;通过酒精杀菌,避免引入外源杂菌,影响发酵过程;
S3、蒸制:取出辣椒,置于刷上一层植物油的中蒸锅蒸10min左右,出料,冷却备用;
S3、拌和:蒸熟辣椒30斤,撒上灭菌的玉米粉60斤,蒜、姜各约0.5斤,酵素5斤,在搅拌机内充分拌和均匀。
S4、封坛发酵:洗净陶瓷坛,沥干水分,用酒精擦拭灭菌,把拌合后的鲊辣椒装入坛内,边装边用干净的灭菌木棒塞紧,装至离坛口1~2cm,随后用酒精灯火焰处理坛口,并用灭菌的塑料薄膜封实坛口,坛口外沿灌灭菌水加盖,进行发酵。
S5、出坛分装:当发酵室内有较浓的乳酸味,坛口玉米料发酵成乳白色,有酸味即可出坛,摊冷后,每袋装料200克,于真空包装机内包装,高压灭菌锅灭菌30min。出锅经检验合格即为成品。
所述酵素由以下重量份的原料制成:苦瓜35份、荸荠20份、芦荟10份、寒必温2份、低聚木糖5份、蜂蜜5份,复合菌粉15份,所述复合菌粉由醋酸杆菌2份、酿酒酵母4份、乳酸杆菌2份和双歧杆菌1份组成,通过下述方法制得:
S1、将洗净的苦瓜、荸荠、芦荟切碎,加入寒必温、低聚糖和蜂蜜,紫外灭菌30min;
S2、加入复合菌粉,混匀后装入坛中,调节温度为25~35℃,相对湿度为85~90%,密封发酵,发酵25~30天后,形成酸味,即得所述酵素。
实施例3
一种鲊辣椒,由以下重量份的原料制成:辣椒30斤,玉米粉60斤,蒜、姜各约0.5斤,酵素5斤,通过下述方法制得:
S1、选料:选取颜色正红、肉质较厚的辣椒洗净,切成0.5-1cm的碎块;
S2、灭菌:将切好的辣椒浸泡在酒精中15min;通过酒精杀菌,避免引入外源杂菌,影响发酵过程;
S3、蒸制:取出辣椒,置于刷上一层植物油的中蒸锅蒸10min左右,出料,冷却备用;
S3、拌和:蒸熟辣椒30斤,撒上灭菌的玉米粉60斤,蒜、姜各约0.5斤,酵素5斤,在搅拌机内充分拌和均匀。
S4、封坛发酵:洗净陶瓷坛,沥干水分,用酒精擦拭灭菌,把拌合后的鲊辣椒装入坛内,边装边用干净的灭菌木棒塞紧,装至离坛口1~2cm,随后用酒精灯火焰处理坛口,并用灭菌的塑料薄膜封实坛口,坛口外沿灌灭菌水加盖,进行发酵。
S5、出坛分装:当发酵室内有较浓的乳酸味,坛口玉米料发酵成乳白色,有酸味即可出坛,摊冷后,每袋装料200克,于真空包装机内包装,高压灭菌锅灭菌30min。出锅经检验合格即为成品。
所述酵素由以下重量份的原料制成:苦瓜30份、荸荠25份、芦荟8份、寒必温1份、大豆低聚糖3份、蜂蜜3份,复合菌粉10份,所述复合菌粉由醋酸杆菌1份、酿酒酵母3份、乳酸杆菌3份和双歧杆菌2份组成,通过下述方法制得:
S1、将洗净的苦瓜、荸荠、芦荟切碎,加入寒必温、低聚糖和蜂蜜,紫外灭菌30min;
S2、加入复合菌粉,混匀后装入坛中,调节温度为25~35℃,相对湿度为85~90%,密封发酵,发酵25~30天后,形成酸味,即得所述酵素。
二、试验例
对本实施例发酵所得的鲊辣椒产品进行评定,评价标准参见DB52/T457—2004《发酵辣椒制品质量安全标准》。
感官评定:采用100分制(评分项目为4项,每项占25分)。请10位有经验的食品专家和10位消费者(非专业人员)按感官评分标准对成熟鲊辣椒样品进行评分,取平均分作为最终评分。
理化指标和微生物指标测定:包括水分含量、值、总酸含量、氨基酸态氮含量、还原糖含量、亚稍酸盐含量、砷含量、以及铅、大肠菌群/(MPN/100g)和致病菌的测定。
表1 鲊辣椒的感官评分结果
表2 鲊辣椒的理化指标测定
本发明的鲊辣椒外观色泽好,呈鲜亮的橘红色,无霉变、无大团块杂质,且具有产品特有香气和滋味,其感官评定结果见表1,评分都较高,可见本实施例1~3的鲊辣椒外观与口味兼备;对其理化性质进行测定,结果见表2,其总酸含量和氨基酸态氮含量以及蛋白质较高,基本检测不出亚硝酸盐,且砷和铅含量都较低,表明其品质较好,鲊辣椒在成熟过程中由微生物发酵产酸,导致pH值下降,从而产生微酸微辣的鲊辣椒特殊风味;对其微生物指标进行测定,大肠菌群的检出菌均小于10MPN/100g,且没有致病菌检出,产品安全可食用。
Claims (6)
1.一种鲊辣椒,其特征在于,由以下重量份的原料制成:辣椒25~30斤,玉米粉60斤,蒜、姜各约0.5斤,酵素5~10斤,通过下述方法制得:
S1、选料:选取颜色正红、肉质较厚的辣椒洗净,切成0.5-1cm的碎块;
S2、灭菌:将切好的辣椒浸泡在酒精中15min;
S3、蒸制:取出辣椒,置于刷上一层植物油的中蒸锅蒸10min左右,出料,冷却备用;
S4、拌和:蒸熟辣椒25~30斤,撒上灭菌的玉米粉60斤,蒜、姜各约0.5斤,酵素5~10斤,在搅拌机内充分拌和均匀;
S5、封坛发酵:洗净陶瓷坛,沥干水分,用酒精擦拭灭菌,把拌合后的鲊辣椒装入坛内,边装边用干净的灭菌木棒塞紧,装至离坛口1~2cm,随后用酒精灯火焰处理坛口,并用灭菌的塑料薄膜封实坛口,坛口外沿灌灭菌水加盖,进行发酵;
S6、出坛分装:当发酵室内有较浓的乳酸味,坛口玉米料发酵成乳白色,有酸味即可出坛,摊冷后,每袋装料200克,于真空包装机内包装,高压灭菌30min;
所述酵素由以下重量份的原料制成:苦瓜25~35份、荸荠20~30份、芦荟5~10份、寒必温1~2份、低聚糖1~5份、蜂蜜1~5份,复合菌粉5~15份,通过下述方法制得:
S1、将洗净的苦瓜、荸荠、芦荟切碎,加入寒必温、低聚糖和蜂蜜,紫外灭菌30min;
S2、加入复合菌粉,混匀后装入坛中,调节温度为25~35℃,相对湿度为85~90%,密封发酵,发酵25~30天后,形成酸味,即得所述酵素;
所述复合菌粉由醋酸杆菌1~2份、酿酒酵母2~4份、乳酸杆菌2~4份和双歧杆菌1~2份组成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的鲊辣椒,其特征在于,所述酵素为8斤。
3.根据权利要求2所述的鲊辣椒,其特征在于,所述酵素由以下重量份的原料制成:苦瓜30份、荸荠25份、芦荟8份、寒必温1份、低聚糖3份、蜂蜜3份,复合菌粉10份。
4.根据权利要求3所述的鲊辣椒,其特征在于,所述复合菌粉由醋酸杆菌1份、酿酒酵母3份、乳酸杆菌3份和双歧杆菌2份组成。
5.根据权利要求3所述的鲊辣椒,其特征在于,所述低聚糖为低聚木糖或大豆低聚糖。
6.根据权利要求1所述的鲊辣椒,其特征在于,所述酒精为75%的酒精水溶液。
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