CN108684613A - A kind of method of wide dragon non-nuisance - Google Patents
A kind of method of wide dragon non-nuisance Download PDFInfo
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- CN108684613A CN108684613A CN201810322610.1A CN201810322610A CN108684613A CN 108684613 A CN108684613 A CN 108684613A CN 201810322610 A CN201810322610 A CN 201810322610A CN 108684613 A CN108684613 A CN 108684613A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
- A01K67/0332—Earthworms
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods of wide dragon non-nuisance.It includes the following steps:Select the harvesting of suitable culture zone, the selection of cultivation ground and arrangement, feed and dispensing, the dispensing of earthworm seedling, field management, the prevention and wide dragon of disease pest mouse crop smothering.Generalized of the present invention wide dragon artificial cultivating method, provide a kind of method of wide dragon non-nuisance, it is conducive to provide good wide dragon herb resource, solves herb resource shortage problem, while ensure that safety and stability of the wide dragon medicinal material in clinical application.The present invention can be additionally used in the cultivation of other medicinal earthworms in south.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to vermiculture technical fields and Chinese material medicine resource development field, and in particular to a kind of wide dragon is without public affairs
The method of evil cultivation.
Background technology:
It is recorded according to China's pharmacopeia, Pheretima aspergillum is Annelida Ju Yin sections animal, practises and claims " wide dragon ", is that China passes
The animal tcm material of system has thousands of years medication history.Wide dragon is distributed mainly on Guangdong, Guangxi.Earthworm is cold in nature, taste
Salty, primary efficacy has heat-clearing arresting convulsion, dredging collateral to relieving asthma, diuresis.For curing mainly unconsciousness due to high fever, twitch, joint pain, limbs
Numbness, hemiplegia, dyspnea and cough due to lung-heat, oedema oliguria, hypertension etc..Wide dragon has more pharmacological action, including decompression is put down
Asthma, antipyretic-antalgic, anticoagulation, antithrombotic, antitumor etc., are widely used in clinical treatment.Genuine medicine of the wide dragon as Guangdong
Material is acknowledged as best in quality in medicinal material industry.
With the rapid development of traditional Chinese medicine industry, the demand of Chinese medicine is increasingly increased, supply falls short of demand for market often appearance
The phenomenon that.China's wide dragon medicinal material basic source is in wild, and since market demand is excessive, rise in price is fast, excessive capture
So that wide dragon wild resource increasingly falls sharply, establishing wide dragon artificial breeding also becomes the key for solving wide dragon shortage of resources
Point.In recent years, earthworm range of goods is various in Chinese Medicinal Materials Markets, and quality is irregular, and it is inferior existing earthworm medical material quanlity often occur
As heavy metals exceeding standard phenomenon emerges one after another, and has seriously affected the safety of medication.For the wide dragon medicinal material for providing up-to-standard,
The cultivation bases GAP of standardization need to be set up, the nuisanceless artificial breeding wide dragon of code requirement is conducive to wide dragon cultivation
The development of industry.
Invention content:
It is an object of the invention to solve the problems, such as that wide dragon quality of medicinal material is low, a kind of wide dragon non-nuisance is provided
Method.
The method of the wide dragon non-nuisance of the present invention, which is characterized in that include the following steps:Selection is suitable for cultivation
Area, the selection of cultivation ground and arrange, feed and dispensing, the dispensing of earthworm seedling, field management, the prevention of disease pest mouse crop smothering and wide dragon are adopted
It receives.
It is preferred that being as follows:
One, suitable for culture zone
(1) geographical location
The ground such as geographical location choice Guangdong of wide dragon culture zone, Guangxi, Fujian, Hainan as culture zone, preferably Guangdong,
Guangxi;
(2) air quality
The air quality of wide dragon culture zone need to meet the secondary standard in GB3095 standards for atmosphere environment quality;
(3) water quality
The farmland irrigation water of wide dragon culture zone meets the secondary standard in 5084 field irrigation standards of water quality of GB;
(4) soil environment
The edaphic condition of wide dragon culture zone meets the secondary standard in 15618 standard of soil environment quality of GB;
Two, the selection of cultivation ground and arrangement
(1) soil
Cultivation ground need to select the farmland that topography is smooth, has drained, and disable melon fruits and vegetables land used, and disabling applies residual in 2 years
The herbicide plot of phase length, disables soil application high residue phase long pesticide plot in 3 years;
(2) soil
Cultivation ground need to select loam or sand loam, topsoil 30cm or more, pH 5.5~7.5, for the first time cultivation that can carry out
It once ploughs, tilling depth 30cm~40cm;
(3) ridging
Rear ridging is ploughed, row spacing 1.0-1.2m, high 30cm or so are spaced 15-20cm between ridge, ridge is to by advantageous weathering
To south-north direction is preferable, and cultivation does ridge in 10 days or so before throwing seedling;After harvesting, continuing cultivation need not then plough and ridging;
(4) it ditches
Ditch to for same ridge it is parallel, trench digging, ditch width about 10cm, depth 30cm among ridge;Separation net be 40-60 mesh plastics or
Metal mesh, high 50cm or more, around cultivation field;
Three, feed and dispensing
(1) feed
Feed type is chicken manure, cow dung and pig manure, preferably chicken manure, is secondly cow dung, and feed, which need to pass through, fully to be fermented, weight
Tenor need to meet forage standard;
(2) feed is launched
Feed put-on method is to dig cave dispensing or tiling earth's surface, preferably digs cave and launches, feed release time and number are every
It feeds intake within 20 days 1 time, feed injected volume is counted for 25~40 grams of the average daily food ration of each input amount every;
Four, earthworm seedling is launched
(1) earthworm seedling requirement
The wide dragon earthworm seedling of dispensing need to meet the certified products of wide dragon earthworm seedling standard;
(2) release time and impressions
It is whole launch feed well after, each production week launches primary;
(3) injected volume
Injected volume is 500 every square metre;
(4) put-on method
Cave is dug in the cultivation field put in order with trench-hoe, earthworm seedling is uniformly launched toward cave, for the first time directly to launch, then covers
Straw mulch;After harvesting is at earthworm every time later, when launching earthworm seedling, cave is dug after raising covering grass layer, earthworm seedling is launched, then covers again again
Cover grass layer;
Five, field management
(1) temperature and illumination control
It cultivates field surface and covers grass layer, thickness 10cm;
(2) humid control/irrigation
When soil moisture, which cannot meet wide dragon growth, to be needed, it is necessary to watering Irrigation is carried out, sprinkling irrigation or trickle irrigation can be used,
It is advisable close to wet soil with soil;
(3) it drains flooded fields
Work road and gutter between ridge will be cleared up often, prevent from blocking, low-lying place laterally to break ridge dig waist ditch, to arrange
Water;When moisture is excessive in ridge, covering grass layer can be raised, accelerates native moisture evaporation;
(4) cold-proof
Low temperature season, can increase the cladding thickness of ridge table grass layer, and cold-proof object on scaffolding, easy screening is taken in air port culture zone
Cool canopy, with polyethylene rain-proof film;After the temperature rises, grass layer covering can be reduced, shading shed is raised;
(5) clear garden
Periodic cleaning, cultivation ground Weeds Around, cleaning weeds can be covered in cultivation ground surface;
Six, the prevention of disease pest mouse crop smothering
(1) disease species and prevention
Disease is mostly that soil acidification causes rot, symptom to be that clitellum is red and swollen, and whole body blackening, body shortens, and occurs
Beads shape tubercle, dead or self-dissolving;Control method:Periodic detection soil aciditiy, the layer detection of detection time-division upper, middle and lower;Cross sour soil
Earth adds calcium carbonate tune sour;Ditch and surrounding are padded, lime disinfection is spilt.
(2) insect pest type and prevention
Wide dragon Major Pests:Insects:Blister beetle, ant (including red fire ant), tachinid;Araneae:Spider, mite class;
Amphibian animal:Frog;Reptiles:Snake, lizard etc., control method:Cause harm critical regions, pads face and surrounding inserts and hangs yellow plate;Araneae,
Amphibian animal, reptiles are captured with cage trap;
(3) rat plague control
Based on physico mechanical control, Mouse adhering glue, mouse cage or electric shock;Dead mouse should be collected in time buried;
(4) prevention and control of weeds
Ridge face is covered with grass, controlling weeds growth;Within work road and circumferential perimeter are away from ridge 2m, artificial weeding ensures nothing
Weed growth;
Seven, it harvests
(1) prepare before harvesting
Cultivation ground is required to keep higher levels of humidity that can irrigate increase humidity if humidity is too small when harvesting;It covers on removal cultivation ground
Straw mulch;
(2) collecting method
First low tension electric shock harvesting, collected by hand prematurity wide dragon are contained, then with feed and the carrier of soil mixture
It launches and is cultivated in non-nuisance ground, then the ripe wide dragon of high voltage harvesting, is contained, the strong individual in part with plastic barrel
Seedling breeding Tanaka is added to, remaining irrigates harvesting for being processed into wide dragon Chinese medicine or unrestrained water.
Generalized of the present invention wide dragon artificial cultivating method, provides a kind of method of wide dragon non-nuisance, favorably
In providing good wide dragon herb resource, herb resource shortage problem is solved, while ensure that wide dragon medicinal material is used in clinic
Safety and stability on medicine.Patent of the present invention can be additionally used in the cultivation of other medicinal earthworms in south.
Specific implementation mode:
The following examples are further illustrations of the invention, rather than limiting the invention.
Embodiment 1:
One, suitable for the selection of culture zone
The Guangxi province Yulin City Luchuan County villages Lu Xuan farmland, the water sample of soil sample and ambient enviroment to farmland is selected to carry out a huge sum of money
Belong to content detection, the results showed that the soil of cultivation base meets the secondary standard in 15618 standard of soil environment quality of GB, water
Matter meets the secondary standard in 5084 field irrigation standards of water quality of GB (as shown in table 1, table 2).Culture zone is without air dirt simultaneously
Dye, air quality meet the secondary standard in GB3095 standards for atmosphere environment quality, are suitble to wide dragon artificial breeding.Location week
Environment quiet is enclosed, nearby jungle area coverage is wide, traffic convenience, is chosen to be wide dragon non-nuisance base.
Table 1:The content of beary metal detection of cultivation ground soil
The content of beary metal detection of the cultivation of table 2. ground water
Two, the selection of cultivation ground and arrangement
The agriculture for the herbicide for not applying residual life length is selected in 2 years in the farmland that cultivation ground selection topography is smooth, has drained
Field disables melon fruits and vegetables land used, disables soil application high residue phase long pesticide plot in 3 years;The villages Lu Xuan wide dragon Breeding base
For loam, topsoil 35m, cultivation ground pH value is 6.2~6.8 (as shown in table 3), mean ph value 6.5 after testing.Installation 40~60
Mesh metal isolation net, high 50cm or more, around cultivation field.Spring plough for the first time, tilling depth 40cm;Plough rear ridging, ridge
Wide 1.0~1.2m, high 30cm or so.15~20cm is spaced between ridge, ridge is to by advantageous draining slope aspect, south-north direction;Seedling is thrown in cultivation
Do ridge within first 10 days or so;The ditch of trench digging to for same ridge it is parallel, trench digging, ditch width about 10cm, depth 30cm among ridge.
The pH value on the cultivation of table 3. ground measures
Three, feed and dispensing
With trench-hoe in the ridge caves Shang Wa, the diameter in each cave is about 20 centimetres, and depth is about 20 centimetres, will have been fermented
The uniform dispenser of full chicken manure is in cave;Feed intake 1 time within every 20 days, feed injected volume be the average daily food ration of each input amount every 25~
40 grams of meters.Chicken manure, which need to pass through, fully to be fermented, and content of beary metal need to meet forage standard.
Four, earthworm seedling is launched
The earthworm seedling selected meets the quality standard (being shown in Table 4) of wide dragon earthworm seedling.It is whole launch feed well after, it is each to produce
Week launches primary.Injected volume is 500 every square.Multiple vesicles are dug in the cultivation field put in order with trench-hoe, it is uniform toward vesicle
It launches earthworm seedling and then covers grass layer for the first time directly to launch;After harvesting is at earthworm every time later, when launching earthworm seedling, covering is raised
Vesicle is dug after grass layer, is launched earthworm seedling, is then covered grass layer again again.
4. wide dragon earthworm seedling quality standard of table
Five, field management
It cultivates ground surface and covers grass layer, thickness 10cm;Soil moisture cannot meet wide dragon growth when needing, using sprinkling irrigation
Watering Irrigation is carried out, is advisable close to wet soil with soil.Work road and gutter between ridge will be cleared up often, prevent from blocking;It is low-lying
Place laterally to break ridge dig waist ditch, to drain;When moisture is excessive in ridge, covering grass layer can be raised, accelerates native moisture evaporation.
Low temperature season increases the cladding thickness of ridge table grass layer.Field is cultivated for air port, upper cold-proof object of in addition puing up a shed, with poly-
Ethylene rain-proof film takes easy shading shed;After the temperature rises, shading shed is raised, and reduces grass layer covering.Periodic cleaning, cultivation ground
Weeds Around, cleaning weeds can be covered in cultivation ground surface.
Six, the prevention of disease pest mouse crop smothering
(1) disease species and prevention
Disease is mostly that soil acidification causes rot.Its symptom is that clitellum is red and swollen, and whole body blackening, body shortens, and occurs
Beads shape tubercle, dead or self-dissolving;Control method:Periodic detection soil aciditiy, the layer detection of detection time-division upper, middle and lower;Cross sour soil
Earth adds calcium carbonate tune sour;Ditch and surrounding are padded, lime disinfection is spilt.
(2) insect pest type and prevention
Wide dragon Major Pests:Insects:Blister beetle, ant (including red fire ant), tachinid;Araneae:Spider, mite class;
Amphibian animal:Frog;Reptiles:Snake, lizard etc..Control method:Cause harm critical regions, pads face and surrounding inserts and hangs yellow plate;Araneae,
Amphibian animal, reptiles:Cage trap captures.
(3) rat plague control
Based on physico mechanical control, Mouse adhering glue, mouse cage or electric shock;Dead mouse should be collected in time buried.
(4) prevention and control of weeds
Ridge face is covered with grass, controlling weeds growth;Within work road and circumferential perimeter are away from ridge 2m, artificial weeding ensures nothing
Weed growth.
Soil aciditiy, the layer detection of detection time-division upper, middle and lower are quarterly detected to cultivation field;Peracid soil, adds carbonic acid
Calcium tune acid;Ditch and surrounding are padded, lime disinfection is spilt, controlling disease occurs.Surrounding, which is inserted, hangs yellow plate, and prevention insect is caused harm;Installation lures
Cage, Mouse adhering glue or mouse cage are caught, dead mouse should be collected in time buried;Ridge face is covered with grass, controlling weeds growth.Work road and outer
It encloses within all back gauge ridge 2m, artificial weeding, ensures without weed growth.
Seven, the harvesting of earthworm seedling and earthworm kind
The annual Spring Festival and autumn harvesting, or need to harvest by order according to Chinese Medicinal Materials Markets.Cultivation ground is required when harvesting
Keep higher levels of humidity (relative humidity 80%-90%) that can irrigate increase humidity if humidity is too small;Removal cultivation ground covering grass
Layer.First low tension electric shock harvesting, collected by hand prematurity wide dragon are contained with feed and the carrier of soil mixture, are then launched
To being cultivated in non-nuisance ground.The ripe wide dragon of high voltage harvesting, is contained, the strong individual in part adds to kind with plastic barrel
Seedling breeds Tanaka, remaining is for being processed into wide dragon Chinese medicine.Water can also be overflow and irrigate harvesting.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of method of wide dragon non-nuisance, which is characterized in that include the following steps:Selection is suitable for culture zone, cultivation
Ground selects and arranges, feed and dispensing, the dispensing of earthworm seedling, field management, the prevention and wide dragon of disease pest mouse crop smothering harvesting.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, being as follows:
One, suitable for culture zone
(1) geographical location
The ground such as geographical location choice Guangdong of wide dragon culture zone, Guangxi, Fujian, Hainan are as culture zone, preferred Guangdong, wide
West;
(2) air quality
The air quality of wide dragon culture zone need to meet the secondary standard in GB3095 standards for atmosphere environment quality;
(3) water quality
The farmland irrigation water of wide dragon culture zone meets the secondary standard in 5084 field irrigation standards of water quality of GB;
(4) soil environment
The edaphic condition of wide dragon culture zone meets the secondary standard in 15618 standard of soil environment quality of GB;
Two, the selection of cultivation ground and arrangement
(1) soil
Cultivation ground need to select the farmland that topography is smooth, has drained, and disable melon fruits and vegetables land used, it is long that disabling applies residual life in 2 years
Herbicide plot, disabling 3 years in soil application high residue phase long pesticide plot;
(2) soil
Cultivation ground need to select loam or sand loam, and topsoil 30cm or more, pH 5.5~7.5, cultivation for the first time can carry out primary
It ploughs, tilling depth 30cm~40cm;
(3) ridging
Plough rear ridging, row spacing 1.0-1.2m, high 30cm are spaced 15-20cm between ridge, and to by advantageous draining slope aspect, north and south is walked on ridge
To preferable, cultivation does ridge in 10 days before throwing seedling;
(4) it ditches
Ditch to for same ridge it is parallel, trench digging, ditch width 10cm, depth 30cm among ridge;Separation net is 40-60 mesh plastics or metal
Net, high 50cm or more, around cultivation field;
Three, feed and dispensing
(1) feed
Feed type is chicken manure, cow dung and pig manure, and feed, which need to pass through, fully to be fermented, and content of beary metal need to meet forage standard;
(2) feed is launched
Feed put-on method is to dig cave dispensing or tiling earth's surface, and feed release time and number are to feed intake 1 time for every 20 days, and feed is thrown
It is high-volume that 25~40 grams of the average daily food ration of each input amount every is counted;
Four, earthworm seedling is launched
(1) earthworm seedling requirement
The wide dragon earthworm seedling of dispensing need to meet the certified products of wide dragon earthworm seedling standard;
(2) release time and impressions
It is whole launch feed well after, each production week launches primary;
(3) injected volume
Injected volume is 500 every square metre;
(4) put-on method
Cave is dug in the cultivation field put in order with trench-hoe, uniformly launches earthworm seedling toward cave, for the first time directly to launch, then covering is careless
Layer;After harvesting is at earthworm every time later, when launching earthworm seedling, cave is dug after raising covering grass layer, earthworm seedling is launched, then covers again again
Grass layer;
Five, field management
(1) temperature and illumination control
It cultivates field surface and covers grass layer, thickness 10cm;
(2) humid control/irrigation
When soil moisture, which cannot meet wide dragon growth, to be needed, it is necessary to carry out watering Irrigation, sprinkling irrigation or trickle irrigation can be used, with soil
Earth is advisable close to wet soil;
(3) it drains flooded fields
Work road and gutter between ridge will be cleared up often, prevent from blocking, low-lying place laterally to break ridge dig waist ditch, to drain;
When moisture is excessive in ridge, covering grass layer can be raised, accelerates native moisture evaporation;
(4) cold-proof
Low temperature season, can increase the cladding thickness of ridge table grass layer, and easy shading shed is taken in cold-proof object on scaffolding, air port culture zone,
With polyethylene rain-proof film;After the temperature rises, grass layer covering can be reduced, shading shed is raised;
(5) clear garden
Periodic cleaning, cultivation ground Weeds Around, cleaning weeds can be covered in cultivation ground surface;
Six, the prevention of disease pest mouse crop smothering
(1) disease species and prevention
Disease is mostly that soil acidification causes rot, control method:Periodic detection soil aciditiy, the layer inspection of detection time-division upper, middle and lower
It surveys;Peracid soil adds calcium carbonate tune sour;Ditch and surrounding are padded, lime disinfection is spilt;
(2) insect pest type and prevention
Wide dragon Major Pests:Insects:Blister beetle, ant (including red fire ant), tachinid;Araneae:Spider, mite class;It is amphibious
Class:Frog;Reptiles:Snake, lizard, control method:Cause harm critical regions, pads face and surrounding inserts and hangs yellow plate;It is Araneae, amphibious
Class, reptiles are captured with cage trap;
(3) rat plague control
Based on physico mechanical control, Mouse adhering glue, mouse cage or electric shock;Dead mouse should be collected in time buried;
(4) prevention and control of weeds
Ridge face is covered with grass, controlling weeds growth;Within work road and circumferential perimeter are away from ridge 2m, artificial weeding ensures without weeds
Growth;
Seven, it harvests
(1) prepare before harvesting
Cultivation ground is required to keep higher levels of humidity that can irrigate increase humidity if humidity is too small when harvesting;Removal cultivation ground covering grass
Layer;
(2) collecting method
First low tension electric shock harvesting, collected by hand prematurity wide dragon are contained with feed and the carrier of soil mixture, are then launched
To being cultivated in non-nuisance ground, then the ripe wide dragon of high voltage harvesting, is contained with plastic barrel, the strong individual supplement in part
To seedling breeding Tanaka, remaining irrigates harvesting for being processed into wide dragon Chinese medicine or unrestrained water.
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| CN201810322610.1A CN108684613B (en) | 2018-04-11 | 2018-04-11 | Pollution-free breeding method for lumbricus |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2019091497A1 (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2019-05-16 | 广东省生物资源应用研究所 | Earthworm juvenile individual and group quality evaluation methods |
| CN111296366A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-06-19 | 上海市农业科学院 | Industrial earthworm cultivation method in open air environment |
| CN111296367A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-06-19 | 上海市农业科学院 | Industrial earthworm cultivation method in facility greenhouse |
| CN114009599A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-02-08 | 广东省科学院生态环境与土壤研究所 | Artificial breeding feed for promoting rapid growth of Pheretima aspergillum |
| CN114946769A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-08-30 | 安徽致和堂药业有限公司 | Earthworm ecological breeding method |
| CN115380788A (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2022-11-25 | 广东省科学院生态环境与土壤研究所 | Taro-lumbricus planting and breeding combination method |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019091497A1 (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2019-05-16 | 广东省生物资源应用研究所 | Earthworm juvenile individual and group quality evaluation methods |
| CN111296366A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-06-19 | 上海市农业科学院 | Industrial earthworm cultivation method in open air environment |
| CN111296367A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-06-19 | 上海市农业科学院 | Industrial earthworm cultivation method in facility greenhouse |
| CN111296367B (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2021-12-14 | 上海市农业科学院 | Industrial earthworm cultivation method in facility greenhouse |
| CN111296366B (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2021-12-14 | 上海市农业科学院 | Industrial earthworm cultivation method in open air environment |
| CN114009599A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-02-08 | 广东省科学院生态环境与土壤研究所 | Artificial breeding feed for promoting rapid growth of Pheretima aspergillum |
| CN114946769A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-08-30 | 安徽致和堂药业有限公司 | Earthworm ecological breeding method |
| CN115380788A (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2022-11-25 | 广东省科学院生态环境与土壤研究所 | Taro-lumbricus planting and breeding combination method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108684613B (en) | 2020-11-06 |
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