CN107211807A - A kind of ecology of young tea plantations manages and protects system - Google Patents
A kind of ecology of young tea plantations manages and protects system Download PDFInfo
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- CN107211807A CN107211807A CN201710543319.2A CN201710543319A CN107211807A CN 107211807 A CN107211807 A CN 107211807A CN 201710543319 A CN201710543319 A CN 201710543319A CN 107211807 A CN107211807 A CN 107211807A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
- A01M1/02—Stationary means for catching or killing insects with devices or substances, e.g. food, pheronones attracting the insects
- A01M1/04—Attracting insects by using illumination or colours
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
Field is managed and protected the invention belongs to tea place, specially a kind of ecology of young tea plantations manages and protects system, including ecological prevention and control unit and improvement of soil fertility unit；Ecological prevention and control unit includes weeds control and pest and disease damage prevention and control；Weeds control, which is included between tea place, makees economy crop and draft is viewed and admired or forage plant, ecological shelter forest is set at tea place landform highest point, periphery and harmfulness air port, set on tea place periphery and store row's type ditch, irrigation canals and ditches side plantation hybrid Chinese pennisetum, the interior aquatic forage grass of plantation of irrigation canals and ditches；Pest and disease damage prevention and control are included in pond and set trap lamp, poultry, the frog and toad in tea place；Improvement of soil fertility unit is included in covering agriculture and forestry organic waste material between the furrow of tea place and crushes raw material matrix, and cladding thickness is 5 10cm, green manure or the industrial crops such as winter planting green grass or young crops forage grass, pulse family, and the breeding earthworm in tea place.Its during realization environmental protection, simplify it is efficient, easy realize, it is widely applicable, and ecology, systematization, scientific operations objective can be reached.
Description
Technical field
Field is managed and protected the invention belongs to tea place, specially a kind of ecology of young tea plantations manages and protects system.
Background technology
The characteristics of tea place has management phase length, production period is short, the longer management phase causes a large amount of wastes of resource.In order to carry
How the plantation efficiency in high tea place, improve the yield in tea place and realize and tea place is safeguarded, in the prior art constantly research and development
Method is managed and protected in tea place.A kind of three-dimensional composite plant method of Ecological Tea Gardens announced such as Chinese patent 201210371070.9：It is
The composite mode of the poultry of one elite stand, one tea, one green manure one.In tea place, road covers shade in tea place road both sides, the plantation of tea place periphery,
Tea place in the ranks, green manuring in vacant lot, put poultry in a suitable place to breed in tea place, utilize flat between animals and plants and microorganism and natural environment
Weighing apparatus relation, many animals plant symbiosis mutual assistance, various insects are balanced by food chain in contradiction is interactive, realize that biological chain is benign
Circulation.
A kind of southern mountain young tea plantations tea, grass, the cultivation of bacterium complex ecological disclosed in Chinese patent 201210036824.5
Method：Leguminous forage Chamaecrista Rotundifolia and Stropharia rugoso-annulata are interplanted successively in southern mountain young tea plantations.Utilize the space of young tea plantations
Ground and tea tree, Stropharia rugoso-annulata, leguminous forage Chamaecrista Rotundifolia growth characteristics, introduce herbage and edible mushroom in Tea Garden Ecosystem,
The tea garden soil content of organic matter can be improved, chemical fertilizer application is reduced, improves tea place ecological environment.
A kind of method for grazing goats by planting pasture in hilly tea garden disclosed in Chinese patent 201210267873.X：For it is current I
The present situation of state's Tea planting industry and goat aquaculture, using herbage as tie, plant tea and sheep raising is organically combined, industrial chain is formed,
By planting good forage in tea place, the application of free range husbandry goat technology, solve soil erosion, low tea yield, poor quality,
The low problem of goat culture benefit.
Wherein, a kind of three-dimensional composite plant method (201210371070.9) of Ecological Tea Gardens：Though relate to follow certainly with ecological
The mode of ring controls weeds, resists insect pest, but not enough system is with comprehensively, and prevention and control dynamics has been short of, and does not receive tea place water body
Enter insect pest control range, monitoring sensor-based system is not applied into tea place, the maintenance mode in each age group tea place is not accounted for
Difference.
A kind of southern mountain young tea plantations tea, grass, bacterium composite ecological cultivation method (201210036824.5), Mountainous Tea Garden
Plant the method (201210267873.X) of careless grazing goat：It is more unilateral although introducing some Ecological Concepts in tea place,
The Tea Garden Ecosystem of structure is still weaker, it is impossible to form good self-circulation system.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of ecology of young tea plantations and manages and protects system, its during realization environmental protection, simplify
Efficiently, easily realize, it is widely applicable, and ecology, systematization, scientific operations objective can be reached.
To realize above-mentioned technical purpose, the specific technical scheme that the present invention takes is, a kind of ecology of young tea plantations
Manage and protect system, including ecological prevention and control unit and improvement of soil fertility unit；Ecological prevention and control unit includes weeds control and pest and disease damage is anti-
Control；Weeds control, which is included between tea place, makees economy crop and draft is viewed and admired or forage plant, goose is supported in tea place, in tea place landform
Ecological shelter forest is set at highest point, periphery and harmfulness air port, irrigation canals and ditches are set on tea place periphery, the plantation of irrigation canals and ditches side is miscellaneous
Hand over the aquatic forage grass of plantation in Chinese pennisetum, irrigation canals and ditches；Pest and disease damage prevention and control are included in tea place poultry, the frog and toad, low land and go out in tea place
The mouth of a river sets pond, by water surface trap lamp by the pest trap in tea place to pond, and plants aquatic forage grass in pond, purifies
Tea place tail water；Covering agriculture and forestry organic waste material crushes raw material matrix between improvement of soil fertility unit is included in tea place furrow, and cladding thickness is 5-
10cm, winter planting green grass or young crops forage grass, green manure or the industrial crops such as pulse family, and the breeding earthworm in tea place.
As improved technical scheme of the invention, industrial crops include broad bean, garden pea and pumpkin；Draft is viewed and admired or raised
Include Itanlian rye, tunnel bed structure, great Ye beggarweeds, small sophora flower and khuskhus with plant.
As improved technical scheme of the invention, broad bean, garden pea are planted in tea place in the ranks, and pumpkin planting is in the slope in tea place
On face.
As improved technical scheme of the invention, the ecological shelter forest be tea place periphery plantation appoint a beans, dalbergia odorifera,
Buta-buta and Hainan Kidney bean, reasonable organization plant into natural style, spacing in the rows 0.8-2m；Chinese toon is planted in tea place both sides of the road, Chinese toon
Spacing in the rows 50cm.
As improved technical scheme of the invention, agriculture and forestry organic waste material crushes raw material matrix using being preceding sprayed with EM bacterium solutions.
As improved technical scheme of the invention, the cultivation density of chicken is raised chickens 20 for every mu in tea place, and the cultivation of goose is close
Spend for every mu of foster goose 10.
As improved technical scheme of the invention, aquatic forage grass selects screech owl Water Hymenacue.
As improved technical scheme of the invention, it is additionally included in tea place and interplants tree of sheltering from heat or light, beans, a dalbergia wood is appointed in tree selection of sheltering from heat or light
Yellow wingceltis, buta-buta and Hainan Kidney bean, spacing in the rows 6-8m.
As improved technical scheme of the invention, irrigation canals and ditches have fish, the frog and toad with being cultivated in pond.
As improved technical scheme of the invention, in addition to intellectual monitoring unit, intellectual monitoring unit is supervised including sensor
Survey, test in laboratory and video surveillance；Sensor monitoring is included using All-in-One water quality sensor detection pond and irrigation canals and ditches
Water quality, soil moisture, the soil temperature sensor detection soil moisture, soil pH sensor are detected using soil moisture sensor
Monitor soil pH；Test in laboratory includes detection to the total nitrogen of water quality, total phosphorus, BOD and COD, and soil unit weight, hole
The detection of degree, organic matter, full nitrogen, full phosphorus and full potassium；Video surveillance monitors the pest and disease damage of tea tree, battalion by the way of video camera
The overall traffic-operating period in the situation of supporting, chicken, goose active situation, and tea place.
Beneficial effect
The present invention mainly improves young age in terms of improvement of soil fertility unit, weeds control, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, intellectual monitoring four
Phase tea place ecology manages and protects system, while strengthening tea place landscape effect, significantly improves tea leaf quality and tea place income.
In tea place, cultivation chicken not only can be with weeding with goose, and its excrement can be with fertilizing soil, and chicken goose is alternatively arranged as product and entered
Marketing is sold, and improves the income in tea place.Tea is in the ranks crushed raw material matrix covering winter kind broad bean, garden pea with agriculture and forestry organic waste material and spent more
Rye grass, spring sowing tunnel bed structure, great Ye mountains leech, small sophora flower and khuskhus, tea place abrupt slope may plant pumpkin, and can both foster and apply fertilizer soil
Earth, can effectively suppress the growth of weed in tea garden, play a part of ecological weed control again.
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control mainly by installing black light lamp between pond, breeded fish in pond and irrigation canals and ditches, the frog, toad, utilize
Black light lamp trapping insects feed fish, the frog and toad.The purpose of mosquito repellent insect-catching on the one hand can be so reached, pest and disease damage is prevented and treated；It is another
Aspect fish, the frog increase income but also as the export of commodities to tea place.Its mode is environmentally friendly and is conducive to growth of tea plant.
The aquatic long ear-drum of forage grass of plantation in environment weeds, ditch is controlled to float from hybrid Chinese pennisetum surrogate outcomes on irrigation canals and ditches side
Grass, can purify tea place tail water, and forage grass can feed fish with sheep raising.
Install sensor and video frequency monitoring system in tea place, monitor tea garden soil, water quality and pest and disease damage, energy can be comprehensive in real time
Tea place production management level is lifted, production cost is reduced, improves the state of growth of tea plant, reduce the generation of pest and disease damage,
Improve the overall qualities such as color and luster, mouthfeel, the fragrance of tealeaves.Growth cycle is adjusted, is increased economic efficiency.
Brief description of the drawings
A kind of ecologies of young tea plantations of Fig. 1 manage and protect the structural representation of system；
A kind of ecologies of young tea plantations of Fig. 2 manage and protect the structural representation of the weeds control in system；
A kind of ecologies of young tea plantations of Fig. 3 manage and protect the structural representation of the pest and disease damage prevention and control in system；
A kind of ecologies of young tea plantations of Fig. 4 manage and protect the structural representation of the improvement of soil fertility unit in system.
Embodiment
To make the purpose and technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme to the embodiment of the present invention is carried out
Clearly and completely describe.Obviously, described embodiment is a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.
Based on described embodiments of the invention, what those of ordinary skill in the art were obtained on the premise of without creative work
Every other embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of ecology of young tea plantations manages and protects system, including ecological prevention and control unit and improvement of soil fertility unit
Ecological prevention and control unit includes weeds control and pest and disease damage prevention and control；
As shown in Fig. 2 weeds control is mainly by cultivating chicken, goose, surrogate outcomes forage grass, Ornamental Grasses, industrial crops and
Productivity seeds, ground mulching agriculture and forestry organic waste material realizes, be specifically included between tea place make economy crop and draft view and admire or
Forage plant, sets ecological shelter forest, the ecological protection at tea place landform highest point, periphery and harmfulness air port
Woods Tree Species Selection appoints beans, dalbergia odorifera, buta-buta and Hainan Kidney bean, and reasonable organization plants into natural style, spacing in the rows 0.8-2m, in tea place
Plant Chinese toon, the spacing in the rows 50cm of Chinese toon in both sides of the road；Irrigation canals and ditches, irrigation canals and ditches side plantation hybrid Chinese pennisetum, irrigation canals and ditches are set on tea place periphery
The interior aquatic forage grass of plantation.
Have particular application as：In tea place, poultry, goose (every mu is raised chickens 20, supports goose 10), can mitigate pest and disease damage and suppression
Weed growth, chicken can ingest weed seed, and goose can ingest weeds.Through research, goose is to eleusine indica, lady's-grass, oldenlandia diffusa, wrinkle leaf
The decrement of green bristlegrass and flat fringe nutgrass flatsedge is the most obvious.Chicken, goose can be sold as commodity, improve tea place income.Tea is in the ranks
Raw material matrix is crushed with agriculture and forestry organic waste material to cover, winter kind broad bean, garden pea and Itanlian rye, spring sowing tunnel bed structure, great Ye mountains
Leech, small sophora flower and khuskhus, abrupt slope plantation pumpkin, can effectively suppress the growth of weed in tea garden, play the work of ecological weed control
With.Itanlian rye, khuskhus can be used for feeding goose, sheep as forage grass.Broad bean, garden pea, pumpkin can enter marketing as commodity
Sell.Tea place interplanting Chinese toon, Ren Dou, dalbergia odorifera, buta-buta and Hainan Kidney bean, can effectively suppress the growth of weed in tea garden,
Productivity shelter-forest is built in tea place, is improved bio-diversity, is played a part of ecological weed control.Chinese toon bud is rare vegetables, can
Harvest sale, its branches and leaves is high-quality green manure again, can cradle and be covered in soil.Irrigation canals and ditches side hybrid Chinese pennisetum surrogate outcomes control environment
Weeds, hybrid Chinese pennisetum good quality and high output, power of regeneration is strong, and no disease and pests harm can be cradled repeatedly, as goose, the forage grass of sheep, not produced seeds
Son, will not be propagated in tea place, influence growth of tea plant.The aquatic forage grass screech owl Water Hymenacue of plantation in ditch, purifies tea place tail water, improvement
Water environment, tail water can be used for the bathing of goose.
As shown in figure 3, pest and disease damage prevention and control are by water surface lamplight insect lure, the cultivation frog, fish, toad and chicken, Resistant is interplanted
Seeds, build ecological shelter forest and realize, the cultivation density of chicken is every mu and raised chickens 20 in tea place.In tea place, delivery port is set
Pond, by water surface trap lamp by the pest trap in tea place to pond.
Have particular application as the pest trap in tea place to pond by water surface trap lamp, food is provided for fish, the frog, toad
Source.Meanwhile, the aquatic forage grass screech owl Water Hymenacue of plantation in pond and ditch purifies tea place tail water.Clean water source can prevent pest and disease damage
Grow, go back during reusable edible produces to tea place.Forage grass can sheep raising, foster goose, hello fish.Winter is mixed into EM bacterium in agriculture and forestry organic waste material
Nutrient solution, is covered in soil surface, sows crop.Germ can be effectively controlled, while suppress weed growth, improved soil structure,
Increase soil fertility.Make economy crop between tea place and draft viewed and admired or forage plant, such as winter kind Itanlian rye, broad bean,
Garden pea, spring sowing legume tunnel bed structure, great Ye mountains leech, small sophora flower and khuskhus, tea place abrupt slope may plant pumpkin, pass through
The measure of Ecological Control weeds, promotes tea place ventilation and penetrating light, the growth and breeding condition of disease pest is destroyed, so as to effectively prevent and treat disease pest
Evil.Beans, dalbergia odorifera, buta-buta and Hainan Kidney bean will be appointed to plant into natural style at tea place highest point, periphery and harmfulness air port
Shelter-forest, spacing in the rows 0.8-2m, by Chinese toon kind in tea place both sides of the road, spacing in the rows 50cm, so as to build compound protection isolator, is carried
High bio-diversity, and aromatic substance is discharged, therefore effectively prevention and control pest and disease damage can grow and spread, reduce the morbidity of pest and disease damage
Rate.Appoint Caragana arborescens, dalbergia odorifera, buta-buta and Hainan Kidney bean interplant in tea row can be provided for tea tree necessarily shelter from heat or light, spacing in the rows 6-8m.
Luminous energy and land resource can be made full use of with trees by being planted economic crops in tea place, increase short-term and long-term economic benefit, have
Temperature, the humidity of wind speed in effect reduction tea place, regulation air and soil, increase soil porosity and retain water and nutrients ability, are tea
Tree growth provides suitable ecological environment, and makes good landscape effect on aspect, tree-like, level, color and luster.By above-mentioned
Measure constitutes soil, vegetation, animal, fungi, water body etc. on good ecological circulation chain, can significantly reduce tea place pest and disease damage, promotees
Enter tea industry stable high yield, the nuisanceless Ecological Tea Gardens of Green, lifting tea leaf quality and mouthfeel.
As shown in figure 4, improvement of soil fertility unit mainly passes through ground mulching agriculture and forestry organic waste material, vermiculture, cultivation chicken, goose
Fowl and animal excrement, long-term cropping, forage grass, build shelter-forest and realize, covering agriculture and forestry organic waste material crushes life between being included in tea place furrow
Expect matrix, agriculture and forestry organic waste material crushes raw material matrix using EM bacterium solutions are preceding sprayed with, and cladding thickness is 5-10cm, is supported in tea place
Grow earthworm.Wherein, industrial crops are included in tea place and in the ranks plant broad bean and garden pea, tea place it is domatic on plant pumpkin；Grass
Originally view and admire or forage plant includes Itanlian rye, tunnel bed structure, great Ye beggarweeds, small sophora flower and khuskhus.It is additionally included in
Tree of sheltering from heat or light is interplanted in tea place, tree of sheltering from heat or light is from Chinese toon, Ren Dou, dalbergia odorifera, buta-buta and Hainan Kidney bean.
Have particular application as：Tea place ground mulching agriculture and forestry organic waste material crushes raw material matrix, refers to wood chip, weeds, the tea trimmed
The agriculture and forestry organic waste materials such as tree branches and leaves, stalk crush raw material matrix, are covered between furrow, and general cladding thickness is 5-10cm.Before covering
EM bacterium solutions are sprayed on agriculture and forestry organic waste material and crush raw material matrix, it can promote its decomposition of becoming thoroughly decomposed, improve soil physical properties, are increased
Plus soil nutrient supply, improve soil organic matter content.Tea place ground mulching agriculture and forestry organic waste material crushes raw material also beneficial to earthworm simultaneously
The activity of earthworm, increases the population quantity and biomass of earthworm.1Kg earthworm, earthworm choosing are delivered in every mu of tea place in the present embodiment
With power simulation and Pheretima californica, the degraded of agriculture and forestry organic waste material, the decomposition of organic matter and mineralising, Er Qieneng can not only be promoted
The available nutrient such as chesson, improved soil nodule structure, calcium, the phosphorus improved in Soil ventilation, drainability, increase soil.
During vermiculture, earthworm using goose excrement, chicken manure and plant residue as food, earthworm itself but also as chicken, goose food,
Feed chicken, goose.Poultry, goose in tea place, its excrement can be used as organic fertilizer improved soil.Tea place in the ranks winter kind Itanlian rye,
Broad bean, garden pea, spring sowing legume tunnel bed structure, great Ye mountains leech, small sophora flower and khuskhus, tea place abrupt slope plantation pumpkin,
Soil texture can be improved, the water conservation feeder capability of soil is improved, soil erosion is reduced, while having certain landscape effect.Enrichment
Weeds distribution is realized while organic matter.The Itanlian rye of plantation, khuskhus can be used as goose, the forage grass of sheep.Chicken, the goose of cultivation
It can be sold with industrial crops (broad bean, garden pea, pumpkin) as commodity, improve the income in tea place.In tea place landform highest
Place, periphery and harmfulness air port, which are set, suitably interplants tree of sheltering from heat or light in productivity ecological shelter forest, garden, with Chinese toon, Ren Dou, soil
Agalloch eaglewood, dalbergia odorifera, Hainan Kidney bean and do not influence based on the ornamental plant of growth of tea plant, can admittedly native fertilizer conservation, prevent water and soil
It is lost in, Hainan Kidney bean is fallen leaves throughout the year, and its fallen leaves also can Enriching soil organic matter.Chinese toon bud is rare vegetables, can harvest sale.
As improved technical scheme of the invention, in addition to intellectual monitoring unit, intellectual monitoring unit is supervised including sensor
Survey, test in laboratory and video surveillance；Sensor monitoring is included using All-in-One water quality sensor (model Aqua TROLL
400 All-in-One water quality sensors, Ji Longde Genie et Environnement of Xiamen City) detection pond and irrigation canals and ditches water quality, using soil
In earth moisture transducer (FM-XSF soil moisture sensors (voltage-type), Hebei Fei Meng Electronic Science and Technology Co., Ltd.s) detection soil
Moisture, soil temperature sensor (KW-A1-120, Beijing wind speed and direction Co., Ltd) the detection soil moisture, soil pH sensor
(Beijing world head and development in science and technology Co., Ltd) monitoring soil pH；Test in laboratory includes the total nitrogen, total phosphorus, BOD to water quality
With the detection of COD detection, and the unit weight of soil, porosity, organic matter, full nitrogen, full phosphorus and full potassium；Video surveillance is used and regarded
The mode of frequency shooting monitors the overall traffic-operating period in the pest and disease damage of tea tree, nutrition condition, chicken, goose active situation, and tea place.
More specifically it is：Control temperature is needed in the growing environment that the suitable warm and moist of tea tree, appropriateness are sheltered from heat or light, growth course
Degree, illumination, moisture and edaphic condition.The efficient management to tea place can be accomplished by installing intellectual monitoring unit.Water quality monitoring index bag
Include:Water temperature, electrical conductivity, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen, pH value, flow velocity, water level.Soil monitoring index includes temperature, humidity, pH
Value.Test in laboratory can detect the total nitrogen, total phosphorus, BOD, COD of water quality；It is the unit weight of soil, porosity, organic matter, full nitrogen, complete
Phosphorus, full potassium.Video surveillance can observe the pest and disease damage of tea tree, nutrition condition, the animal activity situation such as chicken, goose, and tea place is overall
Traffic-operating period.The mode monitored in real time is taken to the edaphic condition of tea growth, ecological environment and climatic factor, by passing
Sensor monitoring, test in laboratory, are in real time delivered to the data such as tea tree, environment on cloud server, quickly calculate, analyze
Afterwards, be presented on visual means on webpage, staff can tackle in time unusual weather conditions, soil ecology change etc. environment because
Element, realizes the work such as automatic irrigation, insect-repelling and disease-proof, improves tea place prevention and control efficiency, reduces production cost, and lifted tea quality and
Yield.
Embodiments of the present invention are these are only, it describes more specific and in detail, but therefore can not be interpreted as pair
The limitation of the scope of the claims of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, not departing from the present invention
On the premise of design, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of ecology of young tea plantations manages and protects system, it is characterised in that including ecological prevention and control unit and improvement of soil fertility unit；
Ecological prevention and control unit includes weeds control and pest and disease damage prevention and control；Weeds control makees economy crop and draft between being included in tea place
View and admire or forage plant, ecological shelter forest is set at tea place landform highest point, periphery and harmfulness air port, in tea place
Periphery, which is set, stores row's type ditch, irrigation canals and ditches side plantation hybrid Chinese pennisetum, the aquatic forage grass of plantation in irrigation canals and ditches；Pest and disease damage prevention and control are included in tea
Garden poultry, the frog and toad, in tea place, low land and delivery port set pond, by water surface trap lamp by the pest trap in tea place to pond
The pool, and aquatic forage grass is planted in pond, purify tea place tail water；Covering agricultural are discarded between improvement of soil fertility unit is included in tea place furrow
Thing crushes raw material matrix, and cladding thickness is 5-10cm, green manure or the industrial crops such as winter planting green grass or young crops forage grass, pulse family, and in tea place
Interior breeding earthworm.
2. a kind of ecology of young tea plantations according to claim 1 manages and protects system, it is characterised in that industrial crops include
Broad bean, garden pea and pumpkin；Draft is viewed and admired or forage plant includes Itanlian rye, tunnel bed structure, great Ye beggarweeds, small Chinese scholartree
Flower and khuskhus.
3. a kind of ecology of young tea plantations according to claim 2 manages and protects system, it is characterised in that broad bean, garden pea
Plant in tea place in the ranks, pumpkin planting in tea place it is domatic on.
4. a kind of ecology of young tea plantations according to claim 1 manages and protects system, it is characterised in that the ecological protection
Woods is to appoint beans, dalbergia odorifera, buta-buta and Hainan Kidney bean in the plantation of tea place periphery, and reasonable organization plants into natural style, spacing in the rows 0.8-
2m, Chinese toon, spacing in the rows 50cm are planted in tea place both sides of the road.
5. a kind of ecology of young tea plantations according to claim 1 manages and protects system, it is characterised in that agriculture and forestry organic waste material powder
Broken raw material matrix is using being preceding sprayed with EM bacterium solutions.
6. a kind of ecology of young tea plantations according to claim 1 manages and protects system, it is characterised in that chicken supports in tea place
Grow density to raise chickens 20 for every mu, the cultivation density of goose is every mu of foster goose 10.
7. a kind of ecology of young tea plantations according to claim 1 manages and protects system, it is characterised in that aquatic forage grass is selected
Screech owl Water Hymenacue.
8. a kind of ecology of young tea plantations according to claim 1 manages and protects system, it is characterised in that be additionally included in tea place
Middle to interplant tree of sheltering from heat or light, beans, buta-buta, dalbergia odorifera and Hainan Kidney bean, spacing in the rows 6-8m are appointed in tree selection of sheltering from heat or light.
9. a kind of ecology of young tea plantations according to claim 1 manages and protects system, it is characterised in that in irrigation canals and ditches and pond
Cultivation has fish, the frog and toad.
10. a kind of ecology of young tea plantations according to claim 1 manages and protects system, it is characterised in that also including intelligence
Monitoring unit, intellectual monitoring unit includes Sensor monitoring, test in laboratory and video surveillance；Sensor monitoring includes using
All-in-One water quality sensor detects the water quality of pond and irrigation canals and ditches, and soil moisture, soil temperature are detected using soil moisture sensor
Spend the sensor detection soil moisture, soil pH Sensor monitoring soil pH；Test in laboratory include to the total nitrogen of water quality, total phosphorus,
BOD and COD detection, and the unit weight of soil, porosity, organic matter, full nitrogen, full phosphorus and full potassium detection；Video surveillance is adopted
The overall operation feelings in pest and disease damage, the nutrition condition of tea tree, chicken, goose active situation, and tea place are monitored with the mode of video camera
Condition.
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| CN109757273A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-05-17 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of tea place ecological planting system |
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| CN110463392A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-11-19 | 浓之湾生态农业邯郸市肥乡区有限公司 | A method of administering soil hardening, desertification |
| CN112243820A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-01-22 | 贵州蔚源中药材产业开发有限公司 | Pinellia ternata interplanting technology |
| CN113367013A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-09-10 | 南充市农业科学院 | Green grass control method for citrus orchard |
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Application publication date: 20170929 |