CN108677554A - 一种高物性聚氨酯合成革及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种高物性聚氨酯合成革及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108677554A
CN108677554A CN201810532249.5A CN201810532249A CN108677554A CN 108677554 A CN108677554 A CN 108677554A CN 201810532249 A CN201810532249 A CN 201810532249A CN 108677554 A CN108677554 A CN 108677554A
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任志军
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Heshan Xinkeda Enterprises Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种高物性聚氨酯合成革及其制备方法，由上至下分别包括面层、粘接层、发泡层及织物层，所述面层按质量百份比分别包括92％～94％水性聚氨酯、0.5％～1％增稠剂、0.5％～1.5％水性有机硅消泡剂及5％～7％水性色浆，所述粘接层按质量百份比分别包括78％～95％水性聚氨酯、3％～15％水性聚氨酯交联剂及2％～8％水性色浆，所述发泡层按质量百份比分别包括22％～56％多元醇、0.05％～0.7％金属催化剂、0.05％～2％胺类催化剂、16％～43.3％碳酸钙及27％～32.5％异氰酸酯。本发明粘接力好，制备方法简单，生产效率高。

Description

一种高物性聚氨酯合成革及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种合成革，具体涉及一种高物性聚氨酯合成革及其制备方法。
背景技术
合成革是模拟天然革的组成和结构并可作为其代用材料的塑料制品。通常以经浸渍的无纺布为网状层，微孔聚氨酯层作为粒面层制得，广泛应用于制作鞋、靴、箱包和球类等。现有的合成革在生产线上要把合成革与离型纸一同收卷，将合成革放置一定时间，如至少放置24小时后，使无溶剂涂层和水性涂层完成熟化后才能将合成革和离型纸分离，得到合成革成品。这种生产方式需要花费大量的时间、场地和离型纸，对产品的生产效率有很大影响。而且，现有的合成革剥离强度低，水性面料涂层和无溶剂浆料层之间的粘着力差，容易发生分离的问题。因此，为了避免现有技术中存在的缺点，有必要对现有技术做出改进。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中的缺点与不足，提供一种能提高粘接力和生产效率的高物性聚氨酯合成革。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种高物性聚氨酯合成革制备方法。
本发明是通过以下的技术方案实现的：
一种高物性聚氨酯合成革，由上至下分别包括面层、粘接层、发泡层及织物层，所述面层按质量百份比分别包括92％～94％水性聚氨酯、0.5％～1％增稠剂、0.5％～1.5％水性有机硅消泡剂及5％～7％水性色浆，所述粘接层按质量百份比分别包括78％～95％水性聚氨酯、3％～15％水性聚氨酯交联剂及2％～8％水性色浆，所述发泡层按质量百份比分别包括22％～56％多元醇、0.05％～0.7％金属催化剂、0.05％～2％胺类催化剂、16％～43.3％碳酸钙及27％～32.5％异氰酸酯。
进一步，所述面层按质量百份比分别包括92％水性聚氨酯、1％增稠剂、1％水性有机硅消泡剂及6％水性色浆，所述粘接层按质量百份比分别包括90％水性聚氨酯、5％水性聚氨酯交联剂及5％水性色浆，所述发泡层按质量百份比分别包括29.9％多元醇、0.05％金属催化剂、0.05％胺类催化剂、40％碳酸钙及30％异氰酸酯。
进一步，所述织物层为涤纶布、无纺布、涤棉布、棉布或超细纤维布。
一种高物性聚氨酯合成革制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤(1)：准备原材料，将92％～94％水性聚氨酯、0.5％～1％增稠剂、0.5％～1.5％水性有机硅消泡剂及5％～7％水性色浆混合制得面层浆料，将78％～95％水性聚氨酯、3％～15％水性聚氨酯交联剂及2％～8％水性色浆混合制得粘接层浆料，将22％～56％多元醇、0.05％～0.7％金属催化剂、0.05％～2％胺类催化剂、16％～43.3％碳酸钙及27％～32.5％异氰酸酯混合制得无溶剂浆料；
步骤(2)：制备面层，在离型纸上涂覆面层浆料，涂覆厚度为0.15mm～0.2mm，烘干，烘干温度为80℃～140℃，制得面层；作为一种具体实施方式，烘干温度为100℃。
步骤(3)：制备粘接层，在面层上涂覆粘接层浆料，涂覆厚度为0.15mm～0.2mm，烘干，烘干温度为80℃～140℃，制得粘接层；作为一种具体实施方式，烘干温度为100℃。
步骤(4)：制备发泡层，在粘接层上涂覆无溶剂浆料，涂覆厚度为0.4mm～0.6mm，烘至半干，烘干温度为130℃，制得发泡层，通过复合轮将发泡层与织物层贴合，烘干，烘干温度为130℃，最后剥离出离型纸并收卷得到成品。
进一步，还包括步骤(5)：熟化处理，将收卷得到的成品放置48小时。
进一步，所述步骤(2)的涂覆厚度为0.15mm，所述步骤(3)的涂覆厚度为0.15mm，所述步骤(4)的涂覆厚度为0.6mm。
相对于现有技术，本发明通过提高粘接层的粘接力，提高了面层与发泡层之间的粘接力，剥离强度高，由于复合织物层后可把合成革与离型纸分离后再收卷，提高了生产效率。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
一种高物性聚氨酯合成革，由上至下分别包括面层、粘接层、发泡层及织物层，面层按质量百份比分别包括92％～94％水性聚氨酯、0.5％～1％增稠剂、0.5％～1.5％水性有机硅消泡剂及5％～7％水性色浆，粘接层按质量百份比分别包括78％～95％水性聚氨酯、3％～15％水性聚氨酯交联剂及2％～8％水性色浆，发泡层按质量百份比分别包括22％～56％多元醇、0.05％～0.7％金属催化剂、0.05％～2％胺类催化剂、16％～43.3％碳酸钙及27％～32.5％异氰酸酯。
作为一种具体实施方式，面层按质量百份比分别包括92％水性聚氨酯、1％增稠剂、1％水性有机硅消泡剂及6％水性色浆，粘接层按质量百份比分别包括90％水性聚氨酯、5％水性聚氨酯交联剂及5％水性色浆，发泡层按质量百份比分别包括29.9％多元醇、0.05％金属催化剂、0.05％胺类催化剂、40％碳酸钙及30％异氰酸酯。
织物层为涤纶布、无纺布、涤棉布、棉布或超细纤维布。当然，可以根据需要不限于使用布材。
一种高物性聚氨酯合成革制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤(1)：准备原材料，将92％～94％水性聚氨酯、0.5％～1％增稠剂、0.5％～1.5％水性有机硅消泡剂及5％～7％水性色浆混合制得面层浆料，将78％～95％水性聚氨酯、3％～15％水性聚氨酯交联剂及2％～8％水性色浆混合制得粘接层浆料，将22％～56％多元醇、0.05％～0.7％金属催化剂、0.05％～2％胺类催化剂、16％～43.3％碳酸钙及27％～32.5％异氰酸酯混合制得无溶剂浆料；
步骤(2)：制备面层，在离型纸上涂覆面层浆料，涂覆厚度为0.15mm～0.2mm，烘干，烘干温度为80℃～140℃，制得面层；
步骤(3)：制备粘接层，在面层上涂覆粘接层浆料，涂覆厚度为0.15mm～0.2mm，烘干，烘干温度为80℃～140℃，制得粘接层；
步骤(4)：制备发泡层，在粘接层上涂覆无溶剂浆料，涂覆厚度为0.4mm～0.6mm，烘至半干，烘干温度为130℃，制得发泡层，通过复合轮将发泡层与织物层贴合，烘干，烘干温度为130℃，最后剥离出离型纸并收卷得到成品。
步骤(5)：熟化处理，将收卷得到的成品放置48小时。
步骤(2)的涂覆厚度为0.15mm，步骤(3)的涂覆厚度为0.15mm，步骤(4)的涂覆厚度为0.6mm。面层和粘接层的厚度可以做到较薄，降低成本，且具备相应的粘接力和剥离强度。
本发明实现含水性聚氨酯的面层浆料和粘接层浆料能与无溶剂浆料牢固结合，得到高物性的聚氨酯合成革，可以应用于汽车革等高端产品。由于在整个生产流程中不使用有机溶剂，对环境更加友好。在生产线上可以将合成革和离型纸实现立即分离，不需要将合成革和离型纸一起熟化，节省大量的时间、场地和离型纸等，提高生产效率，降低生产成本。
收卷得到的成品的技术参数在表1中给出。
表1：
产品熟化后检测数据在表2中给出。
表2：
当然，可以用含有环保低毒性的有机溶剂，如碳酸二甲酯等的油性聚氨酯代替水性聚氨酯作为面层浆料和粘接层浆料，一样可以得到替代产品，但是有机溶剂的使用，依然对环境做成一定的压力。
或者，不使用面层浆料和粘接层浆料，直接使用无溶剂浆料作为面层做聚氨酯合成革，产品成本高，外观变化少，后加工处理困难。
或者，使用普通的工作液配方作为粘接层，但面层和发泡层容易分离。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (6)

1.一种高物性聚氨酯合成革，其特征在于：由上至下分别包括面层、粘接层、发泡层及织物层，所述面层按质量百份比分别包括92％～94％水性聚氨酯、0.5％～1％增稠剂、0.5％～1.5％水性有机硅消泡剂及5％～7％水性色浆，所述粘接层按质量百份比分别包括78％～95％水性聚氨酯、3％～15％水性聚氨酯交联剂及2％～8％水性色浆，所述发泡层按质量百份比分别包括22％～56％多元醇、0.05％～0.7％金属催化剂、0.05％～2％胺类催化剂、16％～43.3％碳酸钙及27％～32.5％异氰酸酯。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高物性聚氨酯合成革，其特征在于：所述面层按质量百份比分别包括92％水性聚氨酯、1％增稠剂、1％水性有机硅消泡剂及6％水性色浆，所述粘接层按质量百份比分别包括90％水性聚氨酯、5％水性聚氨酯交联剂及5％水性色浆，所述发泡层按质量百份比分别包括29.9％多元醇、0.05％金属催化剂、0.05％胺类催化剂、40％碳酸钙及30％异氰酸酯。
3.根据权利要求1所述的高物性聚氨酯合成革，其特征在于：所述织物层为涤纶布、无纺布、涤棉布、棉布或超细纤维布。
4.一种高物性聚氨酯合成革制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
步骤(1)：准备原材料，将92％～94％水性聚氨酯、0.5％～1％增稠剂、0.5％～1.5％水性有机硅消泡剂及5％～7％水性色浆混合制得面层浆料，将78％～95％水性聚氨酯、3％～15％水性聚氨酯交联剂及2％～8％水性色浆混合制得粘接层浆料，将22％～56％多元醇、0.05％～0.7％金属催化剂、0.05％～2％胺类催化剂、16％～43.3％碳酸钙及27％～32.5％异氰酸酯混合制得无溶剂浆料；
步骤(2)：制备面层，在离型纸上涂覆面层浆料，涂覆厚度为0.15mm～0.2mm，烘干，烘干温度为80℃～140℃，制得面层；
步骤(3)：制备粘接层，在面层上涂覆粘接层浆料，涂覆厚度为0.15mm～0.2mm，烘干，烘干温度为80℃～140℃，制得粘接层；
步骤(4)：制备发泡层，在粘接层上涂覆无溶剂浆料，涂覆厚度为0.4mm～0.6mm，烘至半干，烘干温度为130℃，制得发泡层，通过复合轮将发泡层与织物层贴合，烘干，烘干温度为130℃，最后剥离出离型纸并收卷得到成品。
5.根据权利要求4所述的高物性聚氨酯合成革制备方法，其特征在于：还包括步骤(5)：熟化处理，将收卷得到的成品放置48小时。
6.根据权利要求4所述的高物性聚氨酯合成革制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(2)的涂覆厚度为0.15mm，所述步骤(3)的涂覆厚度为0.15mm，所述步骤(4)的涂覆厚度为0.6mm。
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