CN107794777A - 一种透气吸湿pu革的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及人造合成革领域,公开了一种透气吸湿PU革的制备方法,包括:1)一次改性海泡石的制备;2)二次改性海泡石的制备;3)聚氨酯树脂的制备;4)湿法贝斯的制备;5)干法贴面的制备;6)将湿法贝斯与干法贴面贴合,依次经过烘干、冷却后,剥除离型纸,制得成品。本发明方法制得的PU革能够有效增强PU革的吸湿透气性。同时本发明能够在保持PU革的手感的前提下,有效提高PU革的耐磨性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及人造合成革领域,尤其涉及一种透气吸湿PU革的制备方法。
背景技术
PU革就是聚氨酯成份的表皮。现在广泛适用于做箱包、服装、鞋、车辆和家具的装饰,它已日益得到市场的肯定,其应用范围之广,数量之大,品种之多,是传统的天然皮革无法满足的。人造革、合成革是塑料工业的一个重要组成部分,在国民经济各行业被广泛使用。人造革、合成革生产在国际上已有60多年发展历史,中国自1958年开始研制生产人造革,它在中国塑料工业中是发展较早的行业。近几年来,中国人造革、合成革行业的发展不仅是生产企业装备生产线的增长、产品产量连年增长、品种花色年年增加,而且行业发展过程中有了自己的行业组织,有相当的凝聚力,从而能把中国人造革、合成革企业,包括相关行业组织在一起,发展成一个有相当实力的行业。
申请号为CN201010516209.5的专利公开了一种环保型PU树脂,原料包括低聚物多元醇、二异氰酸酯、二甲基亚砜及碳酸二甲酯;一种以所述环保型PU树脂为原料的环保型PU革,包括面层、中层和底层,所述各层原料均由质量百分比为40-60%的PU树脂、2-10%的调色剂、30-50%的溶剂组成;一种制备所述环保型PU革的方法,将面层原料组合物涂覆在离型纸上烘干冷却,将中层的原料组合物涂覆在面层上烘干冷却,将所述底层的原料组合物涂覆在中层上,与底布粘接后烘干冷却将离型纸剥离,进行二次烘干。该发明解决了现有技术中PU树脂中有机溶剂毒性大、PU革成品中残留毒性有机溶剂,TVOC含量过高的技术问题。特别适用于生产环保型PU树脂、环保型PU革。
但是现有的PU革产品中,由于基材表面涂有较厚的涂层,使得PU革的透气性、吸湿性大大降低,因此有必要开发一款具有高透气吸湿性能的PU革。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种透气吸湿PU革的制备方法。本发明方法制得的PU革能够有效增强PU革的吸湿透气性。同时本发明能够在保持PU革的手感的前提下,有效提高PU革的耐磨性。
本发明的具体技术方案为:一种透气吸湿PU革的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将海泡石粉添加到去离子水中分散均匀并调pH值至9-11,加热至70-85℃,然后一边滴加硫酸铝溶液,一边调节pH为5-6,滴加完毕后,搅拌熟化,洗涤至中性,烘干,制得一次改性海泡石。
2)将一次改性海泡石与水、聚乙二醇混合后进行研磨,洗涤、烘干后得到二次改性海泡石。
3)将聚醚多元醇、二次改性海泡石、二月桂酸二丁基锡和二甲基甲酰胺混合并搅拌均匀,然后加入异氰酸酯,加热反应,制得聚氨酯树脂。
4)取部分所述聚氨酯树脂,添加色浆,配得湿法浆料,将湿法浆料涂于基材上,然后将基材浸入二甲基甲酰胺溶液中凝固,最后取出依次水洗、干燥,制得湿法贝斯。
5)取部分所述聚氨酯树脂,添加二甲基甲酰胺、丁酮和色粉后,配得干法浆料,将干法浆料涂于离型纸上,依次烘干、冷却后,制得干法贴面。
6)将所述湿法贝斯与所述干法贴面贴合,依次经过烘干、冷却后,剥除离型纸,制得成品。
本发明采用海泡石作为提高PU革吸湿透气性能的功能添加剂。海泡石结构内部具有发达的纳米级孔隙,比表面积大,具有很强的吸湿性,并且能够提高PU革的透气性。但是由于海泡石为无机材料,与聚氨酯的相容性较差,在聚氨酯中不易分散,容易发生团聚。
为此,本发明先用酸铝作为无定型氧化铝的前驱体,反应后形成胶体,在海泡石表面包覆有无定型氧化铝,无定型氧化铝表面含有大量羟基,反应活性更高,同时也提高了海泡石与聚氨酯的相容性和分散性。然后,本发明进一步对海泡石表面包覆了聚乙二醇,聚乙二醇能够在聚氨酯树脂的合成反应中参与反应,使得海泡石与聚氨酯的结合性更好,同时由于聚乙二醇与聚氨酯单体的相容性好,还能够减小海泡石在聚合反应中的空间位阻,进一步提高海泡石分散性,使其不易团聚。
进一步地,步骤1)中,海泡石和硫酸铝的质量用量比为100:4-6。
进一步地,步骤2)中,一次改性海泡石和聚乙二醇的质量用量比为100:5-15。
进一步地,步骤3)中,聚醚多元醇、二次改性海泡石、二月桂酸二丁基锡和异氰酸酯的质量用量比为90-110:1-5:1-5:15-25。
进一步地,步骤3)中,反应温度为50-70℃,反应时间4-6h。
进一步地,所述二月桂酸二丁基锡在添加反应前预先负载于石墨烯,其负载方法为:将二月桂酸二丁基锡添加到丙酮中,加热搅拌,添加石墨烯并超声分散,静置冷却,减压抽滤,将所得固体干燥,制得负载有二月桂酸二丁基锡的石墨烯。
本发明利用石墨烯的吸附性对二月桂酸二丁基锡进行了负载,其有益效果是:众所周知,石墨烯能够有效提高PU革的耐磨性,但是PU革作为人造皮衣、人造皮手套、仿皮坐垫的原料,需要经常与人体皮肤接触。石墨烯在增强PU革机械性能的同时,由于其颗粒较为粗糙,会使得PU革表面变得具有毛糙,与皮肤接触时会有毛刺感,影响使用体验。
为此,本发明将二月桂酸二丁基锡负载于石墨烯的片层之中,二月桂酸二丁基锡作为聚氨酯合成反应的催化剂,在反应时,聚醚多元醇和异氰酸酯在催化剂所在的场所—石墨烯片层结构之间进行反应。在反应时,石墨烯片层之间的间距被“撑开”,由于,石墨烯的柔韧性得到提升,在微观上石墨烯片层之间可发生形变,在宏观上,石墨烯颗粒的粗糙感大幅降低,从而提升了PU革的手感。
进一步地,所述二月桂酸二丁基锡和石墨烯的质量用量比为1:6-8。
进一步地,步骤4)中,凝固温度为30-40℃,时间为10-20min。
进一步地,步骤4)中,湿法浆料的涂布量为150-180g/m2。
进一步地,步骤5)中,所述干法浆料的质量百分比为:聚氨酯树脂55-65%,二甲基甲酰胺20-30%、丁酮5-15%,色粉的4-6%。
与现有技术对比,本发明的有益效果是:
1、本发明能够有效增强PU革的吸湿透气性。
2、本发明能够在保持PU革的手感的前提下,有效提高PU革的耐磨性。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的描述。
实施例1
一种透气吸湿PU革的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将海泡石粉添加到去离子水中分散均匀并调pH值至10,加热至78℃,然后一边滴加硫酸铝溶液,一边用酸液调节pH为5.5,滴加完毕后,搅拌熟化,洗涤至中性,烘干,制得一次改性海泡石。其中,海泡石和硫酸铝的质量用量比为100:5。
2)将一次改性海泡石与水、聚乙二醇混合后进行研磨,洗涤、烘干后得到二次改性海泡石。其中,一次改性海泡石和聚乙二醇的质量用量比为100:10。
3)将聚醚多元醇、二次改性海泡石、二月桂酸二丁基锡和二甲基甲酰胺按质量比100:3:3:20混合并搅拌均匀,然后加入甲苯二异氰酸酯,加热至为60℃,反应5h,制得聚氨酯树脂。
4)取部分所述聚氨酯树脂,添加色浆,配得湿法浆料,将湿法浆料涂于基材上(涂布量为165g/m2),然后将基材浸入二甲基甲酰胺溶液中凝固(凝固温度35℃,时间15min),最后取出依次水洗、干燥,制得湿法贝斯。
5)取部分所述聚氨酯树脂,配得干法浆料(聚氨酯树脂60%,二甲基甲酰胺25%、丁酮10%,色粉的5%),将干法浆料涂于离型纸上,依次烘干、冷却后,制得干法贴面。
6)将所述湿法贝斯与所述干法贴面贴合,依次经过烘干、冷却后,剥除离型纸,制得成品。
实施例2
一种透气吸湿PU革的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将海泡石粉添加到去离子水中分散均匀并调pH值至9,加热至70℃,然后一边滴加硫酸铝溶液,一边用酸液调节pH为5,滴加完毕后,搅拌熟化,洗涤至中性,烘干,制得一次改性海泡石。其中,海泡石和硫酸铝的质量用量比为100:4。
2)将一次改性海泡石与水、聚乙二醇混合后进行研磨,洗涤、烘干后得到二次改性海泡石。其中,一次改性海泡石和聚乙二醇的质量用量比为100:5。
3)将聚醚多元醇、二次改性海泡石、二月桂酸二丁基锡和二甲基甲酰胺按质量比90:1:1:15混合并搅拌均匀,然后加入甲苯二异氰酸酯,加热至为50℃,反应6h,制得聚氨酯树脂。
4)取部分所述聚氨酯树脂,添加色浆,配得湿法浆料,将湿法浆料涂于基材上(涂布量为150g/m2),然后将基材浸入二甲基甲酰胺溶液中凝固(凝固温度30℃,时间20min),最后取出依次水洗、干燥,制得湿法贝斯。
5)取部分所述聚氨酯树脂,配得干法浆料(聚氨酯树脂55%,二甲基甲酰胺30%、丁酮11%,色粉的4%),将干法浆料涂于离型纸上,依次烘干、冷却后,制得干法贴面。
6)将所述湿法贝斯与所述干法贴面贴合,依次经过烘干、冷却后,剥除离型纸,制得成品。
实施例3
一种透气吸湿PU革的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将海泡石粉添加到去离子水中分散均匀并调pH值至11,加热至85℃,然后一边滴加硫酸铝溶液,一边用酸液调节pH为6,滴加完毕后,搅拌熟化,洗涤至中性,烘干,制得一次改性海泡石。其中,海泡石和硫酸铝的质量用量比为100:6。
2)将一次改性海泡石与水、聚乙二醇混合后进行研磨,洗涤、烘干后得到二次改性海泡石。其中,一次改性海泡石和聚乙二醇的质量用量比为100:15。
3)将聚醚多元醇、二次改性海泡石、二月桂酸二丁基锡和二甲基甲酰胺按质量比110:5:5:25混合并搅拌均匀,然后加入甲苯二异氰酸酯,加热至为70℃,反应4h,制得聚氨酯树脂。
4)取部分所述聚氨酯树脂,添加色浆,配得湿法浆料,将湿法浆料涂于基材上(涂布量为180g/m2),然后将基材浸入二甲基甲酰胺溶液中凝固(凝固温度40℃,时间10min),最后取出依次水洗、干燥,制得湿法贝斯。
5)取部分所述聚氨酯树脂,配得干法浆料(聚氨酯树脂65%,二甲基甲酰胺20%、丁酮9%,色粉的6%),将干法浆料涂于离型纸上,依次烘干、冷却后,制得干法贴面。
6)将所述湿法贝斯与所述干法贴面贴合,依次经过烘干、冷却后,剥除离型纸,制得成品。
实施例4
一种透气吸湿PU革的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将海泡石粉添加到去离子水中分散均匀并调pH值至10,加热至78℃,然后一边滴加硫酸铝溶液,一边用酸液调节pH为5.5,滴加完毕后,搅拌熟化,洗涤至中性,烘干,制得一次改性海泡石。其中,海泡石和硫酸铝的质量用量比为100:5。
2)将一次改性海泡石与水、聚乙二醇混合后进行研磨,洗涤、烘干后得到二次改性海泡石。其中,一次改性海泡石和聚乙二醇的质量用量比为100:10。
3)二月桂酸二丁基锡在添加反应前预先负载于石墨烯:将二月桂酸二丁基锡添加到丙酮中,加热搅拌,添加石墨烯并超声分散,静置冷却,减压抽滤,将所得固体干燥,制得负载有二月桂酸二丁基锡的石墨烯。其中,所述二月桂酸二丁基锡和石墨烯的质量用量比为1:7。
将聚醚多元醇、二次改性海泡石、二月桂酸二丁基锡和二甲基甲酰胺按质量比100:3:3:20混合并搅拌均匀,然后加入甲苯二异氰酸酯,加热至为60℃,反应5h,制得聚氨酯树脂。
4)取部分所述聚氨酯树脂,添加色浆,配得湿法浆料,将湿法浆料涂于基材上(涂布量为165g/m2),然后将基材浸入二甲基甲酰胺溶液中凝固(凝固温度35℃,时间15min),最后取出依次水洗、干燥,制得湿法贝斯。
5)取部分所述聚氨酯树脂,配得干法浆料(聚氨酯树脂60%,二甲基甲酰胺25%、丁酮10%,色粉的5%),将干法浆料涂于离型纸上,依次烘干、冷却后,制得干法贴面。
6)将所述湿法贝斯与所述干法贴面贴合,依次经过烘干、冷却后,剥除离型纸,制得成品。
实施例5
一种透气吸湿PU革的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将海泡石粉添加到去离子水中分散均匀并调pH值至10,加热至78℃,然后一边滴加硫酸铝溶液,一边用酸液调节pH为5.5,滴加完毕后,搅拌熟化,洗涤至中性,烘干,制得一次改性海泡石。其中,海泡石和硫酸铝的质量用量比为100:5。
2)将一次改性海泡石与水、聚乙二醇混合后进行研磨,洗涤、烘干后得到二次改性海泡石。其中,一次改性海泡石和聚乙二醇的质量用量比为100:10。
3)二月桂酸二丁基锡在添加反应前预先负载于石墨烯:将二月桂酸二丁基锡添加到丙酮中,加热搅拌,添加石墨烯并超声分散,静置冷却,减压抽滤,将所得固体干燥,制得负载有二月桂酸二丁基锡的石墨烯。其中,所述二月桂酸二丁基锡和石墨烯的质量用量比为1:6。
将聚醚多元醇、二次改性海泡石、二月桂酸二丁基锡和二甲基甲酰胺按质量比100:3:3:20混合并搅拌均匀,然后加入甲苯二异氰酸酯,加热至为60℃,反应5h,制得聚氨酯树脂。
4)取部分所述聚氨酯树脂,添加色浆,配得湿法浆料,将湿法浆料涂于基材上(涂布量为165g/m2),然后将基材浸入二甲基甲酰胺溶液中凝固(凝固温度35℃,时间15min),最后取出依次水洗、干燥,制得湿法贝斯。
5)取部分所述聚氨酯树脂,配得干法浆料(聚氨酯树脂60%,二甲基甲酰胺25%、丁酮10%,色粉的5%),将干法浆料涂于离型纸上,依次烘干、冷却后,制得干法贴面。
6)将所述湿法贝斯与所述干法贴面贴合,依次经过烘干、冷却后,剥除离型纸,制得成品。
对比例1
与实施例4的区别在于:石墨烯直接添加,二月桂酸二丁基锡不负载于石墨烯上。
对本发明制得聚氨酯合成革与其他聚氨酯合成革进行性能对比,结果如下:
组别 | 耐磨性 | 表面手感 |
实施例1 | H18磨头/2公斤,磨690转破 | 手感顺滑 |
实施例4 | H18磨头/2公斤,磨730转破 | 手感顺滑 |
对比例1 | H18磨头/2公斤,磨730转破 | 手感粗糙,有毛刺感 |
本发明中所用原料、设备,若无特别说明,均为本领域的常用原料、设备;本发明中所用方法,若无特别说明,均为本领域的常规方法。
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例,并非对本发明作任何限制,凡是根据本发明技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、变更以及等效变换,均仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围本发明中所用原料、设备,若无特别说明,均为本领域的常用原料、设备;本发明中所用方法,若无特别说明,均为本领域的常规方法。
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例,并非对本发明作任何限制,凡是根据本发明技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、变更以及等效变换,均仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种透气吸湿PU革的制备方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
1)将海泡石粉添加到去离子水中分散均匀并调pH值至9-11,加热至70-85℃,然后一边滴加硫酸铝溶液,一边调节pH为5-6,滴加完毕后,搅拌熟化,洗涤至中性,烘干,制得一次改性海泡石;
2)将一次改性海泡石与水、聚乙二醇混合后进行研磨,洗涤、烘干后得到二次改性海泡石;
3)将聚醚多元醇、二次改性海泡石、二月桂酸二丁基锡和二甲基甲酰胺混合并搅拌均匀,然后加入异氰酸酯,加热反应,制得聚氨酯树脂;
4)取部分所述聚氨酯树脂,添加色浆,配得湿法浆料,将湿法浆料涂于基材上,然后将基材浸入二甲基甲酰胺溶液中凝固,最后取出依次水洗、干燥,制得湿法贝斯;
5)取部分所述聚氨酯树脂,添加二甲基甲酰胺、丁酮和色粉后,配得干法浆料,将干法浆料涂于离型纸上,依次烘干、冷却后,制得干法贴面;
6)将所述湿法贝斯与所述干法贴面贴合,依次经过烘干、冷却后,剥除离型纸,制得成品。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种透气吸湿PU革的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤1)中,海泡石和硫酸铝的质量用量比为100:4-6。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种透气吸湿PU革的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤2)中,一次改性海泡石和聚乙二醇的质量用量比为100:5-15。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种透气吸湿PU革的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤3)中,聚醚多元醇、二次改性海泡石、二月桂酸二丁基锡和异氰酸酯的质量用量比为90-110:1-5:1-5:15-25。
5.如权利要求1或4所述的一种透气吸湿PU革的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤3)中,反应温度为50-70℃,反应时间4-6h。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种透气吸湿PU革的制备方法,其特征在于,所述二月桂酸二丁基锡在添加反应前预先负载于石墨烯,其负载方法为:将二月桂酸二丁基锡添加到丙酮中,加热搅拌,添加石墨烯并超声分散,静置冷却,减压抽滤,将所得固体干燥,制得负载有二月桂酸二丁基锡的石墨烯。
7.如权利要求6所述的一种透气吸湿PU革的制备方法,其特征在于,所述二月桂酸二丁基锡和石墨烯的质量用量比为1:6-8。
8.如权利要求1所述的一种透气吸湿PU革的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤4)中,凝固温度为30-40℃,时间为10-20min。
9.如权利要求1或8所述的一种透气吸湿PU革的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤4)中,湿法浆料的涂布量为150-180g/m2。
10.如权利要求1所述的一种透气吸湿PU革的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤5)中,所述干法浆料的质量百分比为:聚氨酯树脂55-65%,二甲基甲酰胺20-30%、丁酮5-15%,色粉的4-6%。
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CN110080004A (zh) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-08-02 | 安徽省思维新型建材有限公司 | 一种聚氨酯调湿合成革、制备方法及应用 |
CN110205837A (zh) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-09-06 | 安徽省思维新型建材有限公司 | 一种以炭黑为主体的聚氨酯遮阳合成革的制备方法 |
CN118344723A (zh) * | 2024-05-14 | 2024-07-16 | 昆山红苹果塑胶新材料有限公司 | 具备透湿性的tpu薄膜及其加工工艺 |
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