CN108606199A - 一种可缓解体力和视力疲劳的功能性饮料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种可缓解体力和视力疲劳的功能性饮料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种可缓解体力和视力疲劳的功能性饮料,其每1000mL中含有5~200mL的浓缩蓝莓汁、5~50mL的浓缩桑葚汁、5~100mL的枸杞提取物、5~100mL的菊花提取物、1~5g的牛磺酸、0.1~0.6g的烟酰胺、0.1~3.5g的B族维生素复合物、0.01~0.04g的叶黄素、0.1~3g的柠檬酸、0.1~4g的一水柠檬酸、10~100g的白砂糖。本发明将蓝莓与桑葚复配作为主要有效成分,同时利用枸杞提取物和菊花提取物作为辅助有效成分,使其相辅相成,大大提高该饮料缓解体力疲劳和视力疲劳的功效,同时兼具优异的保健性能。本发明还公开了该饮料的制备方法,其先预混合制备A液和B液后与其它原料混合,且严格控制混合条件,大大提高了各组分的分散性能,且有效减少其中营养成分的流失,使制备得的饮料成品稳定性高,有利于大规模工业化生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及食品加工领域,特别涉及一种功能性饮料。
背景技术
随着人们生活压力的日益增大,常出现全身乏力、视力疲劳、注意力不集中等情况,从而影响学习效果或工作效率。体力视力疲劳成为人们亚健康状态的一大表现。体力疲劳是由于当人持续长时间、大强度的体力活动运动时,体内产生了大量的代谢物,如乳酸、二氧化碳、血清尿素氮等,这类物质在体内积聚,刺激人体组织细胞和神经系统,就会使人产生疲劳感。另外,视觉疲劳也时常缠绕着相当一部分人群,尤其是白领一族,很多时候都由于眼睛干涩、头疼、头晕都无法工作。引起视疲劳的眼睛原因有:因用眼过度,电脑电视辐射而发生视疲劳;全身疾病引起疲劳;和环境因素,即因眼卫生、照明度不合理,长时间近距离用眼等均可引起视力疲劳。随着每日电脑作业时间的延长、眼睛工作强度、每周连续作业日数的增多、以及从事电脑的工龄累加增多,发生电脑终端视疲劳的频度和比例也就愈高。视觉疲劳也是夜间行车驾驶员的常见症状,主要表现为头晕、视物模糊、双眼胀痛、注意力不集中及烦躁不安等,由此往往会导致交通事故的发生。目前市面上的抗疲劳产品大致分为三类:第一是补充能量如咖啡因,第二是补充人体必需的维生素和微量元素,第三是通过提高机体器官的功能,特别是循环系统的功能,加速体内代谢物质的清除、排出,来达到抗疲劳目的。另外现市售的功能饮料,如“红牛”、乐百氏的“脉动”、娃哈哈的“激活”、农夫山泉的“尖叫”、康师傅的“劲跑X”等,这些功能性饮料以快速恢复体力为主,但其大多额外添加了大量的糖分,人体长期饮用或过量饮用上述饮料后不仅会摄入大量非必需元素且容易引发肥胖问题。如何使得功能性饮料兼具可快速缓解体力和视力疲劳亦可作为长期保健饮料饮用,成为行业的发展方向。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对上述现有技术的不足,提供一种可缓解体力和视力疲劳的功能性饮料,同时提供该饮料的制备方法,其制备得的功能性饮料不仅具有丰富的营养成分和快速缓解疲劳的功效,而且保健功效显著,稳定性良好。
本发明所采取的技术方案是:一种可缓解体力和视力疲劳的功能性饮料,其每1000mL中含有5~200mL的浓缩蓝莓汁、5~50mL的浓缩桑葚汁、5~100mL的枸杞提取物、5~100mL的菊花提取物、1~5g的牛磺酸、0.1~0.6g的烟酰胺、0.1~3.5g的B族维生素复合物、0.01~0.04g的叶黄素、0.1~3g的柠檬酸、0.1~4g的一水柠檬酸、10~100g的白砂糖。
蓝莓:蓝莓是一种富含花青素的天然植物,其可以有效抑制破坏眼部细胞的酶类,帮助强化眼部周围的微血管弹性,促进血液循环,有效抑制破坏眼部细胞的酶类,达到缓解眼睛疲劳、保护眼睛目的。蓝莓具有超强的抗氧化能力,其中富含的花青素是强效的抗氧化剂,可维持正常的细胞连结,血管的稳定,增进微细管的循环,提高微血管和静脉的流动。视紫质是良好视力不可或缺的物质,而蓝莓中的花青素配合蓝莓自身中含有的β-胡萝卜素,具有促进视网膜细胞中视紫质再生的作用,因此蓝莓可预防重度近视及视网膜剥离,并可增进视力。
桑葚:桑葚有改善皮肤(包括头皮)血液供应,营养肌肤,使皮肤白嫩及乌发等作用,并能延缓衰老。桑葚是中老年人健体美颜、抗衰老的佳果与良药。常食桑椹可以明目,缓解眼睛疲劳干涩的症状。桑葚具有免疫促进作用。桑葚对脾脏有增重作用,对溶血性反应有增强作用,可防止人体动脉硬化、骨骼关节硬化,促进新陈代谢。它可以促进血红细胞的生长,防止白细胞减少,并对治疗糖尿病、贫血、高血压、高血脂、冠心病、神经衰弱等病症具有辅助功效。桑椹具有生津止渴、促进消化、帮助排便等作用,适量食用能促进胃液分泌,刺激肠蠕动及解除燥热。祖国医学认为,桑葚性味甘寒,具有补肝益肾、生津润肠、乌发明目等功效。桑葚中维生素含量丰富,尤其是维生素C,其含量高达19.8mg/100g,其次是维生素B1和β-胡萝卜素,含量分别为0.053和0.052mg/100g,其中桑葚中的β-胡萝卜素配合蓝莓中的花青素,可进一步促进视网膜中视紫质的再生,从而提高蓝莓与桑葚两者复配后对缓解视力疲劳、保护眼睛的功效。
牛磺酸:又称2-氨基乙磺酸,是一种含硫的非蛋白氨基酸,在体内以游离状态存在,不参与体内蛋白的生物合成,但它却与胱氨酸、半胱氨酸的代谢密切相关。人体合成牛磺酸的半胱氨酸亚硫酸羧酶活性较低,主要依靠摄取食物中的牛磺酸来满足机体需要。牛磺酸能促进垂体激素分泌,活化胰腺功能,从而改善机体内分泌系统的状态,对机体代谢以有益的调节并具有促进有机体免疫力的增强和抗疲劳的作用。同时,牛磺酸是存在在视网膜中的一种氨基酸,其占视网膜中游离氨基酸总量的50%,具有保护视网膜的功能,预防黄斑退变。研究表明,牛磺酸有助于增加机体对β-胡萝卜素吸收的功能,而蓝莓、枸杞、桑葚、叶黄素中均含有丰富的β-胡萝卜素,它们五者进行配伍,从而避免了机体缺少β-胡萝卜素所致的暗视野适应迟钝,也避免暗视野之后出现强光对眼睛所造成的损害,预防眼睛疲劳、夜盲症、干眼症、角膜溃疡症以及角膜软化症等。
烟酰胺:烟酰胺在体内以辅酶I和辅酶II的形式作为脱氢酶的辅酶在生物氧化中起递氢体的作用,参与葡萄糖酵解、丙酮酸盐代谢、戊糖的生物合成和脂肪、氨基酸、蛋白质及嘌呤的代谢。参与体内脂质代谢,组织呼吸的氧化过程和糖类无氧分解的过程。
叶黄素:别名类胡萝卜素、胡萝卜醇、植物黄体素、核黄体、万寿菊花素及植物叶黄素等,是一种发现于绿叶蔬菜和蛋黄各种食品中的营养素,作为一种营养补充剂可减少跟年龄相关性黄斑变性的风险。视觉疲劳,受多种因素造成的,尤其在长时间盯着电脑显示器。新近研究表明叶黄素的补充对眼睛健康有好处。叶黄素可以保护长期使用电脑对眼睛的不良影响。同时补充叶黄素和花青素的效果更显然。叶黄素和蓝莓花青素是目前医学界发现的可以直接到达眼底的视觉营养元素,叶黄素具有增加黄斑色素密度,抵御蓝光损伤,营养视细胞,促进视紫素生成,而蓝莓花青素具有强抗氧化性,清除自由基,两种成分对眼睛都有不可替代的作用。叶黄素与蓝莓花青素的复配可加强改善视觉功能的效果,尤其是在对比敏感度,有助于抵消或防止视觉疲劳。
作为上述方案的进一步改进,所述浓缩蓝莓汁的固含量为40~65%。
作为上述方案的进一步改进,所述浓缩桑葚汁的固含量为35~45%。
具体地,浓缩果汁中固含量的多少直接影响后续加工的稳定性和分散性,本发明对浓缩蓝莓汁和浓缩桑葚汁的固含量进行限定,使其混合后可有效提高后加工的稳定性和分散性。
作为上述方案的进一步改进,所述的枸杞提取物中枸杞多糖的重量含量不低于30%。具体地,枸杞多糖具有补肾益精,养肝明目,补血安神,生津止渴,润肺止咳的保健功效。
作为上述方案的进一步改进,所述的菊花提取物中黄酮类化合物的重量含量不低于20%。具体地,黄酮类化合物中有药用价值的化合物很多,这些化合物用于防治心脑血管疾病,如能降低血管的脆性,改善血管的通透性、降低血脂和胆固醇,防治老年高血压、脑溢血、冠心病、心绞痛、扩张冠状血管,增加冠脉流量。许多黄酮类成分具有止咳、祛痰、平喘及抗菌的活性,同时具有护肝、解肝毒、抗真菌、治疗急、慢性肝炎、肝硬化及抗自由基和抗氧化作用。
作为上述方案的进一步改进,所述B族维生素复合物由维生素B6和维生素B12混合而成。进一步地,所述维生素B6和维生素B12的混合比例为3:2。
一种如上所述的可缓解体力和视力疲劳的功能性饮料的制备方法,其特征在于包括如下工艺步骤:
1)预混合:将浓缩蓝莓汁、浓缩桑葚汁和柠檬酸置于室温下混合均匀,经200目纱布过滤,得A液;将枸杞提取物、菊花提取物和白砂糖置于80~90℃水浴锅中搅拌15~20min溶解,经400目纱布过滤后冷却至室温,得B液;
2)调配:先将牛磺酸、烟酰胺、B族维生素复合物、一水柠檬酸和水在45~60℃温度范围内搅拌混合均匀,保持溶液温度,先加入B液,搅拌均匀后降至室温,再加入A液,混合均匀,得半成品;
3)后处理:将步骤3)所得半成品用高压均质机进行均质,均质温度25~30℃,均质压力20~30MPa,过滤、紫外线杀菌、冷却、灌装得成品。
作为上述方案的进一步改进,步骤3)中所述搅拌的搅拌速度控制在150~300r/min范围内。
作为上述方案的进一步改进,所述紫外线灭菌时间为10~20s。
本发明的有益效果是:
本发明通过对原料配比的调整,将蓝莓、桑葚、叶黄素、牛磺酸复配作为主要有效成分,同时利用枸杞提取物和菊花提取物作为辅助有效成分,使其相辅相成,大大提高该饮料缓解体力疲劳和视力疲劳的功效,同时兼具优异的保健性能。
本发明通过调整制备工艺,先预混合制备A液和B液后与其它原料混合,且严格控制混合条件,大大提高了各组分的分散性能,且有效减少其中营养成分的流失,使制备得的饮料成品稳定性高,有利于大规模工业化生产。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进行具体描述,以便于所属技术领域的人员对本发明的理解。有必要在此特别指出的是,实施例只是用于对本发明做进一步说明,不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制,所属领域技术熟练人员,根据上述发明内容对本发明作出的非本质性的改进和调整,应仍属于本发明的保护范围。同时下述所提及的原料未详细说明的,均为市售产品;未详细提及的工艺步骤或制备方法为均为本领域技术人员所知晓的工艺步骤或制备方法。
实施例1
一种可缓解体力和视力疲劳的功能性饮料,其每1000mL中含有5mL固含量为65%的浓缩蓝莓汁、5mL固含量为45%浓缩桑葚汁、5mL的枸杞提取物、100mL的菊花提取物、1g的牛磺酸、0.6g的烟酰胺、0.1g的B族维生素复合物、0.04g的叶黄素、0.1g的柠檬酸、4g的一水柠檬酸、10g的白砂糖。
其中,所述的枸杞提取物中枸杞多糖的重量含量不低于30%,所述的菊花提取物中黄酮类化合物的重量含量不低于20%;所述B族维生素复合物由维生素B6和维生素B12按比例为3:2混合而成。
制备方法:
1)预混合:将浓缩蓝莓汁、浓缩桑葚汁和柠檬酸置于室温下混合均匀,经200目纱布过滤,得A液;将枸杞提取物、菊花提取物和白砂糖置于80℃水浴锅中搅拌20min溶解,经400目纱布过滤后冷却至室温,得B液;
2)调配:先将牛磺酸、烟酰胺、B族维生素复合物、一水柠檬酸和水在60℃温度范围内搅拌混合均匀,保持溶液温度,控制搅拌速度在150r/min范围内,先加入B液,搅拌均匀后降至室温,再加入A液,混合均匀,得半成品;
3)后处理:将步骤3)所得半成品用高压均质机进行均质,均质温度30℃,均质压力20MPa,过滤,紫外线杀菌,灭菌时间为20s,冷却,灌装得实施例1成品。
实施例2
一种可缓解体力和视力疲劳的功能性饮料,其每1000mL中含有200mL固含量为40%的浓缩蓝莓汁、50mL固含量为35%的浓缩桑葚汁、100mL的枸杞提取物、5mL的菊花提取物、5g的牛磺酸、0.1g的烟酰胺、3.5g的B族维生素复合物、0.01g的叶黄素、3g的柠檬酸、0.1g的一水柠檬酸、100g的白砂糖。
其中,所述的枸杞提取物中枸杞多糖的重量含量不低于30%,所述的菊花提取物中黄酮类化合物的重量含量不低于20%;所述B族维生素复合物由维生素B6和维生素B12按比例为3:2混合而成。
制备方法:
1)预混合:将浓缩蓝莓汁、浓缩桑葚汁和柠檬酸置于室温下混合均匀,经200目纱布过滤,得A液;将枸杞提取物、菊花提取物和白砂糖置于90℃水浴锅中搅拌15min溶解,经400目纱布过滤后冷却至室温,得B液;
2)调配:先将牛磺酸、烟酰胺、B族维生素复合物、一水柠檬酸和水在45℃温度范围内搅拌混合均匀,保持溶液温度,控制搅拌速度在300r/min范围内,先加入B液,搅拌均匀后降至室温,再加入A液,混合均匀,得半成品;
3)后处理:将步骤3)所得半成品用高压均质机进行均质,均质温度25℃,均质压力30MPa,过滤,紫外线杀菌,灭菌时间为10s,冷却,灌装得实施例2成品。
实施例3
一种可缓解体力和视力疲劳的功能性饮料,其每1000mL中含有100mL固含量为50%的浓缩蓝莓汁、35mL固含量为40%的浓缩桑葚汁、60mL的枸杞提取物、60mL的菊花提取物、3g的牛磺酸、0.4g的烟酰胺、2g的B族维生素复合物、0.02g的叶黄素、2g的柠檬酸、2g的一水柠檬酸、60g的白砂糖。
其中,所述的枸杞提取物中枸杞多糖的重量含量不低于30%,所述的菊花提取物中黄酮类化合物的重量含量不低于20%;所述B族维生素复合物由维生素B6和维生素B12按比例为3:2混合而成。
制备方法:
1)预混合:将浓缩蓝莓汁、浓缩桑葚汁和柠檬酸置于室温下混合均匀,经200目纱布过滤,得A液;将枸杞提取物、菊花提取物和白砂糖置于85℃水浴锅中搅拌18min溶解,经400目纱布过滤后冷却至室温,得B液;
2)调配:先将牛磺酸、烟酰胺、B族维生素复合物、一水柠檬酸和水在50℃温度范围内搅拌混合均匀,保持溶液温度,控制搅拌速度在200r/min范围内,先加入B液,搅拌均匀后降至室温,再加入A液,混合均匀,得半成品;
3)后处理:将步骤3)所得半成品用高压均质机进行均质,均质温度26℃,均质压力28MPa,过滤,紫外线杀菌,灭菌时间为15s,冷却,灌装得实施例3成品。
实施例4
将上述实施例1~3所得成品抽样进行认证检验,其结果如下:
1、卫生学、稳定性、功效成分检测,结果表明该保健饮料感官指标符合标准要求,卫生学指标和微生物指标符合《保健食品通用标准》的要求,产品的标志性成分——花青素、黄酮类化合物、牛磺酸、维生素B2、维生素B12、烟酰胺、叶黄素等含量满足功能要求,且稳定性良好;
2、安全性毒理学评价,是按照卫生部《保健食品检验与评价技术规范》(2003年版)进行实验,方法及结果如下:a、用该饮料105倍人体剂量一次性经口灌胃后,无明显的中毒表现或不良反应,2周内无动物死亡,表明本品属无毒类;B、遗传毒性试验中,Ames试验、小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验和小鼠精子畸形实验3项遗传毒理性试验均为阴性结果,表明本品无致突变作用;c、大鼠30d喂养实验,未引起大鼠整体健康状况、生理生化功能和器官组织形态学各重要指标的异常变化。依据评价标准,该饮料是安全的。
3、动物功能性试验采用雄性ICR小鼠40只,将其分为3个剂量实验组和一个阴性对照组,实验组按人体推荐服用量的10、20、30倍连续灌胃30d,测定实验组和对照组受试小鼠的负重游泳时间、血乳酸、血清尿素、肝糖原值。结果表明:30倍人体剂量组小鼠负重游泳时间显著长于对照组(P<0.05);20倍人体剂量组游泳后血清尿素显著低于对照组(P<0.01);10倍人体剂量组肝糖原含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。依据评价标准,该饮料具有缓解体力疲劳的保健功能。
4、兴奋剂试验:结果为阴性。
实施例5
将上述实施例1~3所得成品分别灌装成150瓶250ml规格的试样,共450瓶试样。并选取30名长期从事货运的货车司机作为试验对象,开车4h后饮用一瓶试样,每人每个工作日饮用一瓶,试验周期为15个工作日。试验结果得30名试验对象均感觉4h后的视力疲劳能得到有效缓解,同时试验周期结束后明显觉得开车4h后视力疲劳比受试前有所改善。
上述实施例为本发明的优选实施例,凡与本发明类似的工艺及所作的等效变化,均应属于本发明的保护范畴。
Claims (10)
1.一种可缓解体力和视力疲劳的功能性饮料,其特征在于:每1000mL中含有5~200mL的浓缩蓝莓汁、5~50mL的浓缩桑葚汁、5~100mL的枸杞提取物、5~100mL的菊花提取物、1~5g的牛磺酸、0.1~0.6g的烟酰胺、0.1~3.5g的B族维生素复合物、0.01~0.04g的叶黄素、0.1~3g的柠檬酸、0.1~4g的一水柠檬酸、10~100g的白砂糖。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种可缓解体力和视力疲劳的功能性饮料,其特征在于:所述浓缩蓝莓汁的固含量为40~65%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种可缓解体力和视力疲劳的功能性饮料,其特征在于:所述浓缩桑葚汁的固含量为35~45%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种可缓解体力和视力疲劳的功能性饮料,其特征在于:所述的枸杞提取物中枸杞多糖的重量含量不低于30%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种可缓解体力和视力疲劳的功能性饮料,其特征在于:所述的菊花提取物中黄酮类化合物的重量含量不低于20%。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种可缓解体力和视力疲劳的功能性饮料,其特征在于:所述B族维生素复合物由维生素B6和维生素B12混合而成。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种可缓解体力和视力疲劳的功能性饮料,其特征在于:所述维生素B6和维生素B12的混合比例为3:2。
8.一种如权利要求1~7任一项所述的可缓解体力和视力疲劳的功能性饮料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下工艺步骤:
1)预混合:将浓缩蓝莓汁、浓缩桑葚汁和柠檬酸置于室温下混合均匀,经200目纱布过滤,得A液;将枸杞提取物、菊花提取物和白砂糖置于80~90℃水浴锅中搅拌15~20min溶解,经400目纱布过滤后冷却至室温,得B液;
2)调配:先将牛磺酸、烟酰胺、B族维生素复合物、一水柠檬酸和水在45~60℃温度范围内搅拌混合均匀,保持溶液温度,先加入B液,搅拌均匀后降至室温,再加入A液,混合均匀,得半成品;
3)后处理:将步骤3)所得半成品用高压均质机进行均质,均质温度25~30℃,均质压力20~30MPa,过滤、紫外线杀菌、冷却、灌装得成品。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种可缓解体力和视力疲劳的功能性饮料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤3)中所述搅拌的搅拌速度控制在150~300r/min范围内。
10.根据权利要求8所述的一种可缓解体力和视力疲劳的功能性饮料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述紫外线灭菌时间为10~20s。
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