CN108570754A - 一种仿麻针织布及其生产工艺 - Google Patents

一种仿麻针织布及其生产工艺 Download PDF

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CN108570754A
CN108570754A CN201810374790.8A CN201810374790A CN108570754A CN 108570754 A CN108570754 A CN 108570754A CN 201810374790 A CN201810374790 A CN 201810374790A CN 108570754 A CN108570754 A CN 108570754A
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looped fabric
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陈荣丰
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Shaoxing Jin Qiang Textile Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种仿麻针织布及其生产工艺，涉及纺织技术领域，解决了现有的针织服装穿着、洗涤多次后，抗菌效果变差的技术问题。其中，仿麻针织布由锦纶和紧密赛络纺采用纬编织机编织而成，按照重量百分比计，锦纶占50‑55%，紧密赛络纺占45‑50%。本发明将锦纶和紧密赛络纺采用纬编织机编织成布，布料具有较多的孔隙，吸湿排汗、透气性好，而且不易滋生细菌；采用喷涂悬浮液和预烘干的方式将纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛负载在纤维上，再使用成膜树脂可以在纱线表面形成一层保护膜，使纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛不容易脱落，纳米二氧化钛和纳米氧化锌同时还具有较强的抗紫外线和抗红外线功能，能够使处理后针织布穿着时更加凉爽，提高舒适性。

Description

一种仿麻针织布及其生产工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织技术领域，更具体地说，它涉及一种仿麻针织布及其生产工艺。
背景技术
针织布即是利用织针将纱线弯曲成圈并相互串套而形成的织物，分经编针织布和纬编针织布。针织面料具有质地柔软、吸湿透气、排汗保暖等特性，大多具有优良的弹性与延伸性。
在公开号为CN1696393A的中国发明专利中公开了一种纳米防螨抗菌针织服装的生产工艺，它包括银和二氧化钛粉末材料，将粒度为30-50nm的纳米银和二氧化钛粉末材料分散、乳化在乙醇水溶剂中，并采用吐温和单宁酸来进行纳米Ag和纳米TiO2粉体的乳化和分散，制成纳米整理剂，再将针织服装浸泡在纳米整理剂中，然后焙烘针织服装，纳米Ag和纳米TiO2粉末材料便牢固地吸附到织物内。
上述专利将针织服装浸泡在纳米整理剂中，使纳米Ag和纳米TiO2粉末材料吸附到织物内，从而获得抗菌效果，但是并没有对纳米材料采取保护措施，当针织服装穿着、洗涤多次后，会造成纳米材料损失，因此，抗菌效果有待提升。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足，本发明的目的一在于提供一种仿麻针织布，通过将锦纶和紧密赛络纺采用纬编织机编织成布，解决上述技术问题，其具有吸湿排汗、透气性好、不易滋生细菌的优点。
为实现上述目的一，本发明提供了如下技术方案：
一种仿麻针织布，由锦纶和紧密赛络纺采用纬编织机编织而成，按照重量百分比计，锦纶占50-55％，紧密赛络纺占45-50％。
通过上述技术方案，锦纶具有优异的强力、耐磨性及手感柔软、质感轻盈等良好的服用性能，同时锦纶织物的回潮率较高，达4.5％-7％，适合制作运动服、登山服等，但是锦纶的透气性较差。紧密赛络纺采用棉纤维和氨纶混纺的AB纱，棉纤维柔软贴身、吸湿性、透气性很好，能够克服锦纶的缺点。将锦纶和紧密赛络纺采用纬编织机编织成布，布料具有较多的孔隙，吸湿排汗、透气性好，而且不易滋生细菌。
本发明的目的二在于提供一种仿麻针织布的生产工艺，采用该工艺制备的仿麻针织布吸湿排汗、透气性好、不易滋生细菌、抗菌效果好。
为实现上述目的二，本发明提供了如下技术方案：
一种如目的一所述的仿麻针织布的生产工艺，包括以下步骤：
步骤一，采用纬编织机将锦纶和紧密赛络纺编织成坯布，第一、二、四、五路采用锦纶，第三、六路采用紧密赛络纺；
步骤二，染色前处理；
步骤三，染色；
步骤四，将纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛均匀分散在水中形成悬浮液，采用雾化喷枪均匀的在坯布的两面喷洒悬浮液；
步骤五，将喷洒悬浮液的坯布预烘干；
步骤六，将成膜树脂溶于水中形成树脂溶液，在坯布的两面均匀喷洒树脂溶液，烘干，检验，打卷包装，得到仿麻针织布。
通过上述技术方案，纳米二氧化钛和纳米氧化锌属于光催化杀菌剂，其受到阳光或紫外线的照射时，纳米二氧化钛和纳米氧化锌能在水分和空气存在的体系中自行分解出自由移动的电子，生成的羟基自由基和超氧化物阴离子自由基都非常活泼，具有极强的化学活性，能与多种有机物发生反应，从而将细菌、残骸和毒素一起杀灭、消除。采用喷涂悬浮液和预烘干的方式将纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛负载在纤维上，再使用成膜树脂可以在纱线表面形成一层保护膜，使纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛不容易脱落，同时保护膜对纱线起到了一定的保护作用，使纱线不容易磨损和断裂，而且能够提高布料的色牢度。
纳米二氧化钛和纳米氧化锌同时还具有较强的抗紫外线和抗红外线功能，能够使处理后针织布穿着时更加凉爽，提高舒适性。
进一步优选为，所述步骤五具体包括，将喷洒悬浮液的坯布预烘干，将纳米碳酸钙均匀分散在水中形成吸湿整理剂，采用雾化喷枪均匀的在坯布的两面喷洒吸湿整理剂，所述吸湿整理剂的喷洒量为20-50ml/m2，将喷洒湿整理剂的坯布预烘干。
通过上述技术方案，纳米碳酸钙能够提高纤维的吸湿性，一方面纤维能够吸收人体排出的汗液，提高穿着舒适感，另一方面为纳米二氧化钛和纳米氧化锌提供含有水分的环境，促进杀灭细菌。
进一步优选为，所述悬浮液的固含量为5-30％，所述纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛的重量比为1:(3-5)。
通过上述技术方案，氧化锌会使纤维的透明度较高，有利于织物的印染整理，避免影响织物颜色。
进一步优选为，所述悬浮液的喷洒量为50-100ml/m2。
通过上述技术方案，喷洒量太少，针织布中纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛的含量不足以杀死细菌，抗菌效果不好；喷洒量太多，抗菌效果并没有显著的提升，会导致针织布的成本升高，而且造成纳米材料的浪费。
进一步优选为，所述预烘干的温度为100-120℃，时间为10-30min。
通过上述技术方案，采用低温预烘干，使纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛附着在纤维的表面，降低其流动性，使得纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛在针织布表面分布均匀。
进一步优选为，所述纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛的粒径为20-50nm，所述纳米碳酸钙的粒径为20-50nm。
通过上述技术方案，由于布料的纤维直径大约在5微米左右，如果纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛的直径太大，容易从纤维上脱落，纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛的直径太小，会提高原料成本。
进一步优选为，所述成膜树脂包括聚丙烯酸甲酯和丙烯酸树脂，所述聚丙烯酸甲酯和丙烯酸树脂的重量比为1：1。
通过上述技术方案，聚丙烯酸甲酯和丙烯酸树脂均可以在纤维表面形成一层保护膜，使纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛不容易脱落，同时保护膜对纱线起到了一定的保护作用，使纱线不容易磨损和断裂。
进一步优选为，所述树脂溶液的浓度为50-60g/L，粘度为800Cs。
进一步优选为，所述树脂溶液的喷洒量为80-100ml/m2。
通过上述技术方案，控制树脂溶液的浓度和粘度，使纤维表面形成的保护膜厚薄均匀。
综上所述，与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：
(1)本发明将锦纶和紧密赛络纺采用纬编织机编织成布，布料具有较多的孔隙，吸湿排汗、透气性好，而且不易滋生细菌；
(2)本发明采用喷涂悬浮液和预烘干的方式将纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛负载在纤维上，再使用成膜树脂可以在纱线表面形成一层保护膜，使纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛不容易脱落，进一步提升抗菌效果，同时保护膜对纱线起到了一定的保护作用，使纱线不容易磨损和断裂，而且能够提高布料的色牢度，纳米二氧化钛和纳米氧化锌同时还具有较强的抗紫外线和抗红外线功能，能够使处理后针织布穿着时更加凉爽，提高舒适性；
(3)本发明在针织布上负载纳米碳酸钙，纳米碳酸钙能够提高纤维的吸湿性，一方面纤维能够吸收人体排出的汗液，提高穿着舒适感，另一方面为纳米二氧化钛和纳米氧化锌提供含有水分的环境，促进杀灭细菌。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例，对本发明进行详细描述。
实施例1：一种仿麻针织布，由锦纶和紧密赛络纺采用纬编织机编织而成，按照重量百分比计，锦纶占54.5％，紧密赛络纺占45.5％；其中，锦纶是购自南通九州化纤有限公司的50D单孔消光锦纶，紧密赛络纺是购自福建省长乐市华源纺织有限公司的R50S紧密赛络纺；其生产工艺包括以下步骤：
步骤一，采用纬编织机将锦纶和紧密赛络纺编织成坯布，第一、二、四、五路采用锦纶，第三、六路采用紧密赛络纺；
步骤二，染色前处理，采用本领域常规染色前处理方式进行处理；
步骤三，染色，根据颜色需要，采用本领域常规染色处理方式进行染色；
步骤四，将纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛均匀分散在水中形成悬浮液，纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛的粒径为20nm，悬浮液的固含量为5％，纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛的重量比为1:3，采用雾化喷枪均匀的在坯布的两面喷洒悬浮液，悬浮液的喷洒量为50ml/m2；
步骤五，将喷洒悬浮液的坯布预烘干，预烘干的温度为120℃，时间为10min；
步骤六，将成膜树脂溶于水中形成树脂溶液，成膜树脂包括聚丙烯酸甲酯和丙烯酸树脂，聚丙烯酸甲酯和丙烯酸树脂的重量比为1：1，树脂溶液的浓度为50g/L，粘度为800Cs，在坯布的两面均匀喷洒树脂溶液，树脂溶液的喷洒量为80ml/m2，烘干，检验，打卷包装，得到仿麻针织布。
实施例2：一种仿麻针织布，与实施例1的不同之处在于，由锦纶和紧密赛络纺采用纬编织机编织而成，按照重量百分比计，锦纶占55％，紧密赛络纺占45％。
实施例3：一种仿麻针织布，与实施例1的不同之处在于，由锦纶和紧密赛络纺采用纬编织机编织而成，按照重量百分比计，锦纶占50％，紧密赛络纺占50％。
实施例4：一种仿麻针织布，与实施例1的不同之处在于，其生产工艺包括以下步骤：
步骤一，采用纬编织机将锦纶和紧密赛络纺编织成坯布，第一、二、四、五路采用锦纶，第三、六路采用紧密赛络纺；
步骤二，染色前处理，采用本领域常规染色前处理方式进行处理；
步骤三，染色，根据颜色需要，采用本领域常规染色处理方式进行染色；
步骤四，将纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛均匀分散在水中形成悬浮液，纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛的粒径为20nm，悬浮液的固含量为5％，纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛的重量比为1:3，采用雾化喷枪均匀的在坯布的两面喷洒悬浮液，悬浮液的喷洒量为50ml/m2；
步骤五，将喷洒悬浮液的坯布预烘干，将纳米碳酸钙均匀分散在水中形成吸湿整理剂，吸湿整理剂的固含量为10％，采用雾化喷枪均匀的在坯布的两面喷洒吸湿整理剂，吸湿整理剂的喷洒量为20ml/m2，将喷洒湿整理剂的坯布预烘干，两次预烘干的温度均为120℃，时间均为10min；
步骤六，将成膜树脂溶于水中形成树脂溶液，成膜树脂包括聚丙烯酸甲酯和丙烯酸树脂，聚丙烯酸甲酯和丙烯酸树脂的重量比为1：1，树脂溶液的浓度为50g/L，粘度为800Cs，在坯布的两面均匀喷洒树脂溶液，树脂溶液的喷洒量为80ml/m2，烘干，检验，打卷包装，得到仿麻针织布。
实施例5：一种仿麻针织布，与实施例4的不同之处在于，吸湿整理剂的固含量为15％，吸湿整理剂的喷洒量为35ml/m2。
实施例6：一种仿麻针织布，与实施例4的不同之处在于，吸湿整理剂的固含量为20％，吸湿整理剂的喷洒量为50ml/m2。
实施例7：一种仿麻针织布，与实施例1的不同之处在于，悬浮液的固含量为20％。
实施例8：一种仿麻针织布，与实施例1的不同之处在于，悬浮液的固含量为30％。
实施例9：一种仿麻针织布，与实施例1的不同之处在于，纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛的重量比为1:4。
实施例10：一种仿麻针织布，与实施例1的不同之处在于，纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛的重量比为1:5。
实施例11：一种仿麻针织布，与实施例1的不同之处在于，悬浮液的喷洒量为80ml/m2。
实施例12：一种仿麻针织布，与实施例1的不同之处在于，悬浮液的喷洒量为100ml/m2。
实施例13：一种仿麻针织布，与实施例1的不同之处在于，预烘干的温度为110℃，时间为20min。
实施例14：一种仿麻针织布，与实施例1的不同之处在于，预烘干的温度为100℃，时间为30min。
实施例15：一种仿麻针织布，与实施例4的不同之处在于，纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛的粒径为35nm，纳米碳酸钙的粒径为35nm。
实施例16：一种仿麻针织布，与实施例4的不同之处在于，纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛的粒径为50nm，纳米碳酸钙的粒径为50nm。
实施例17：一种仿麻针织布，与实施例1的不同之处在于，树脂溶液的浓度为55g/L。
实施例18：一种仿麻针织布，与实施例1的不同之处在于，树脂溶液的浓度为60g/L。
实施例19：一种仿麻针织布，与实施例1的不同之处在于，树脂溶液的喷洒量为90ml/m2。
实施例20：一种仿麻针织布，与实施例1的不同之处在于，树脂溶液的喷洒量为100ml/m2。
对照例1：采用公开号为CN1696393A的中国发明专利中的具体实施方式处理服装。
对照例2：一种仿麻针织布，与实施例1的不同之处在于，悬浮液的喷洒量为20ml/m2。
对照例3：一种仿麻针织布，与实施例1的不同之处在于，悬浮液的喷洒量为150ml/m2。
试验样品：采用实施例1-20中获得的仿麻针织布作为试验样品1-20，采用对照例1中的服装和对照例2-3中获得的仿麻针织布作为对照样品1-3。
试验方法：参照中华人民共和国国家标准《纺织品试验用家庭洗涤和干燥程序(GB/T8629-2001)》，选用B型搅拌型洗衣机和洗涤程序8B，分别对试验样品1-20和对照样品1-3做洗涤处理。洗涤时间5min，干燥方法为烘箱干燥。一洗一干计为洗涤一次。各布样经洗涤50次，测定洗涤前后的布样的抗菌性能。
试验结果：试验样品1-20和对照样品1-3的测试结果如表1所示。由表1可知，试验样品1-20水洗前的抗菌率高于对照样品1，试验样品1-20水洗50次后的抗菌率远高于对照样品1，说明本发明将锦纶和紧密赛络纺采用纬编织机编织成布，布料具有较多的孔隙，吸湿排汗、透气性好，而且不易滋生细菌；采用喷涂悬浮液和预烘干的方式将纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛负载在纤维上，再使用成膜树脂可以在纱线表面形成一层保护膜，使纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛不容易脱落，抗菌效果好；试验样品1水洗前以及水洗50次后的抗菌率高于对照样品2和对照样品3，说明悬浮液的喷洒量太少，针织布中纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛的含量不足以杀死细菌，抗菌效果不好；喷洒量太多，抗菌效果并没有显著的提升，会导致针织布的成本升高，而且造成纳米材料的浪费。
表1试验样品1-20和对照样品1-3的测试结果
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，本发明的保护范围并不仅局限于上述实施例，凡属于本发明思路下的技术方案均属于本发明的保护范围。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理前提下的若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种仿麻针织布，其特征在于，由锦纶和紧密赛络纺采用纬编织机编织而成，按照重量百分比计，锦纶占50-55%，紧密赛络纺占45-50%。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的仿麻针织布的生产工艺，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
步骤一，采用纬编织机将锦纶和紧密赛络纺编织成坯布，第一、二、四、五路采用锦纶，第三、六路采用紧密赛络纺；
步骤二，染色前处理；
步骤三，染色；
步骤四，将纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛均匀分散在水中形成悬浮液，采用雾化喷枪均匀的在坯布的两面喷洒悬浮液；
步骤五，将喷洒悬浮液的坯布预烘干；
步骤六，将成膜树脂溶于水中形成树脂溶液，在坯布的两面均匀喷洒树脂溶液，烘干，检验，打卷包装，得到仿麻针织布。
3.根据权利要求2所述的仿麻针织布的生产工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤五具体包括，将喷洒悬浮液的坯布预烘干，将纳米碳酸钙均匀分散在水中形成吸湿整理剂，吸湿整理剂的固含量为10-20%，采用雾化喷枪均匀的在坯布的两面喷洒吸湿整理剂，所述吸湿整理剂的喷洒量为20-50ml/m2，将喷洒湿整理剂的坯布预烘干。
4.根据权利要求2所述的仿麻针织布的生产工艺，其特征在于，所述悬浮液的固含量为5-30%，所述纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛的重量比为1:（3-5）。
5.根据权利要求2所述的仿麻针织布的生产工艺，其特征在于，
所述悬浮液的喷洒量为50-100ml/m2。
6.根据权利要求2所述的仿麻针织布的生产工艺，其特征在于，
所述预烘干的温度为100-120℃，时间为10-30min。
7.根据权利要求3所述的仿麻针织布的生产工艺，其特征在于，所述纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛的粒径为20-50nm，所述纳米碳酸钙的粒径为20-50nm。
8.根据权利要求2所述的仿麻针织布的生产工艺，其特征在于，
所述成膜树脂包括聚丙烯酸甲酯和丙烯酸树脂，所述聚丙烯酸甲酯和丙烯酸树脂的重量比为1：1。
9.根据权利要求8所述的仿麻针织布的生产工艺，其特征在于，
所述树脂溶液的浓度为50-60g/L，粘度为800Cs。
10.根据权利要求8所述的仿麻针织布的生产工艺，其特征在于，所述树脂溶液的喷洒量为80-100ml/m2。
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