CN108476917A - A kind of blackthorn cuttage and seedling culture matrix - Google Patents
A kind of blackthorn cuttage and seedling culture matrix Download PDFInfo
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- CN108476917A CN108476917A CN201810263162.2A CN201810263162A CN108476917A CN 108476917 A CN108476917 A CN 108476917A CN 201810263162 A CN201810263162 A CN 201810263162A CN 108476917 A CN108476917 A CN 108476917A
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- cuttage
- blackthorn
- matrix
- seedbed
- seedling culture
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to blackthorn reproduction technique fields, and in particular to a kind of blackthorn cuttage and seedling culture matrix.It is used after (volume) mixes in proportion using original perlite, vermiculite, turf.Mixed volume ratio is as follows, perlite：Vermiculite：Turf=1：1：1.Cuttage and seedling culture is carried out to blackthorn using this matrix, survival rate has reached 62.5%, and uses other matrix before this, and the cuttage survival rate of blackthorn cuttings only has 8 34.8%.Cutting medium provided by the invention lays a good foundation for the extensive use of follow-up blackthorn.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to blackthorn reproduction technique fields, and in particular to a kind of blackthorn cuttage and seedling culture matrix.
Background technology
Blackthorn, rose family Prunus tool thorn shrub, alias prunus spinosa is the plant of rose family Prunus；It is distributed in West Asia, Europe
The ground such as the Shaanxi in continent, north African and China's Mainland are grown on the area of 800 meters to 1200 meters of height above sea level, are often born in forest opening, gloomy
By woods steppe band, border and river valley.Plant is usually less than 3.6 meters, and growth is intensive, preferably plants and makees fences；Leaf decimal is more, flower
White, about 2 centimetres of Hua Jing, first leaf open；Fruit is black-and-blue, sour, 2 centimetres of diameter.This kind of cold resistance is strong, can be with common Lee and Ou
Continent Lee hybridize, improve quality, and can make shrub type peach, Lee stock or make shelter-forest；Fruit is for dry fruit processed, jam, fruit juice
And fruit wine；Leaf can be for tea, and purposes is very extensive.
The seedling propagation of blackthorn is based on seed propagation at present, but slow due to sowing growth speed, and trait segregation is tight
Weight, quality degradation, supply falls short of demand on the market；And be then difficult to survive using cuttage and seedling culture, limit the further wide of blackthorn
General application.
Invention content
Present invention solves the technical problem that be, the seedling propagation of blackthorn is based on seed propagation at present, but due to sowing
The speed of growth is slow, and trait segregation is serious, and quality degradation, supply falls short of demand on the market；And nursery stock cuttage is then difficult to survive, and limits
The further very extensive use of blackthorn.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of blackthorn cuttage and seedling culture matrix, blackthorn using this matrix into
Row cuttage and seedling culture, survival rate have reached 62.5%.And other matrix are used before this, the cuttage survival rate of blackthorn cuttings only has 8-
34.8%.Cutting medium provided by the invention lays a good foundation for the extensive use of follow-up blackthorn.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that, a kind of blackthorn cuttage and seedling culture matrix, using not
Used perlite, vermiculite, turf use after (volume) mixes in proportion.Mixed volume ratio for example under, perlite：Vermiculite：
Turf=1：1：1.
Wherein perlite is a kind of natural acidic nature of glass slag, and chemical property is stablized, and pH value is in neutrality, will not be right
Plant damages；Perlite quality is lighter, and gas permeability is fine, and hole can save a large amount of moisture, as seedling medium
In use, having the characteristics that ventilative water permeability is good, there is facilitation for the taking root for blackthorn cuttings for being not easy to take root；Its is porous
Characteristic is deep into content conducive to cuttings root system and draws nutrient, and the moisture and nutritional ingredient of the hole preservation of perlite can
The growth of supply blackthorn cuttings needs for a long time.
Vermiculite is the bedded substance that silicate material is formed after high-temperature heating expands, and good permeability, water absorbing force is strong, temperature
Change small, is a kind of good seedling medium.Vermiculite porosity can effectively promote the life of blackthorn root system especially fibrous root
It is long and seedling to stablize development；Vermiculite contains the elements such as potassium, magnesium, calcium, iron and micro manganese, copper, zinc, can reduce the throwing of fertilizer
Enter, makes blackthorn that can obtain sufficient moisture and minerals from germination initial stage, be conducive to the growth of plant；The mixed of vermiculite is added
Matrix is closed, has the advantages that good water absorption, heat preservation, moisturizing, loose, lightweight, conducive to the taking root of blackthorn, is grown, and long-time
Moisture and nutrition necessary to plant growth are provided.
Turf is the product in formation process of bog, containing large quantity of moisture, humus and a part of minerals, containing abundant
Various element such as nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, manganese, be pure natural organic substance, the water holding of matrix, the energy of ventilation and fertilizer conservation can be improved
Power, and the composition that can have additional nutrients.Turf drain function is good, and fertilizer efficiency is longer in addition, can promote the growth of plant underground root system.
In blackthorn cuttage, using perlite as cutting medium, cuttings germination percentage 84%, cuttings survival rate only has
8%, 10-20 centimetres of survival seedling wood branch length.Perlite as seedling medium when being used alone, although having air-and water-permeable
The good feature of property, but since quality is too light, perlite can be washed away when watering, and cuttings is difficult to fix, and can influence to take root.
Perlite and turf are with 2:1 ratio (volume ratio, similarly hereinafter) mixes the cutting medium as blackthorn, cuttings germination
Rate 87.9%, survival rate greatly improves, and is 27.5%, 20-35 centimetres of nursery stock branch length.It can be seen that adding in perlite
Enter turf, in addition to nutriment can be provided, moreover it is possible to reinforce, to the fixed function of cuttings, promoting the growth of underground root system, due to energy
It is maintained for a long time fertilizer efficiency, plant strain growth can be made healthy and strong.
Perlite, vermiculite, turf are with 2:1:1 ratio mixes, and blackthorn germination percentage 91.3%, survival rate is increased to
34.8%, 20-40 centimetres of nursery stock branch length；And perlite, vermiculite, turf are with 1:1:1 ratio mixes, blackthorn germination percentage
95.8%, survival rate is increased to 62.5%, 20-50 centimetres of nursery stock branch length.It can be seen that after three kinds of matrix mixing, can significantly carry
High blackthorn cuttage survival rate, but the dosage of perlite should not be excessive, is advisable with 1/3.Perlite is light, air-and water-permeable, profit
In cuttage rooting；Vermiculite can effectively promote blackthorn root system especially fibrous root in addition to providing part nutrient, porosity
Growth and stablizing for seedling develop；Turf can provide a large amount of organic matters and fertilizer efficiency is longer, can increase matrix retention ability, promote root system
Growth greatly improves the germination percentage of blackthorn cuttings and improves cuttage survival rate, and plant strain growth is healthy and strong.
Blackthorn cottage method：
The first step：Configure cutting medium.The place of one piece of flat clean is looked for, mixed-matrix is prepared.Turf is easy to lump, and one
As first the turf of caking is broken up, then again by the perlite of equal volume and vermiculite together, be sufficiently mixed uniformly, you can as
The cutting medium of blackthorn.According to blackthorn cuttings quantity, how much is nursery base quality required for determining, batch formulation.
Second step：Cuttage seedbed preparation.Slotting machine size is determined according to place size, to be suitble to operation to be advisable.Slotting machine bottom
It is laid with heating wire according to heating wire specification.Seedbed spread to the cutting medium mixed, about 20 centimetres of thickness, with clean-up scraper by base
Matter surface strikes off.After slotting machine matrix is laid, watering is placed 1-2 days, the operating condition of observation place hot line, and slotting machine temperature is kept
Degree is 19 ± 1 DEG C.After seedbed is put in order, 3-5 days before cuttage, matrix is irrigated using 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate, is carried out disinfection
Processing, prevents cutting notch from being infected by germ, takes root to influence nursery stock.Then cuttage is carried out.
Third walks：Blackthorn cuttings prepares.The annotinous branch of suspend mode is taken through from blackthorn elite stand.Cuttings rugosity
It is advisable with 0.5-1.0 centimetres of thickness, about 15-20 centimetres of cutting length.Upper end is cut into stump in the 0.3-0.5 centimeters of upper bud,
Lower end is cut into horse ear shape angle.
4th step：Cottage method：The cuttings sheared is soaked 30 seconds or so in the ABT solution prepared, is inserted into seedbed, is inserted
About 2-3 centimetres far from seedbed bottom of fringe bottom avoids encountering ground hot line.Cutting will at least expose 2 full buds.Cuttage seeding row spacing：
7*18 centimetres.
5th step：It is managed after cuttage.Ground temperature is controlled at 19 ± 1 DEG C using temperature controller.Ventilation in time, cooling, room temperature should not
Higher than 15 DEG C.Other carry out normal greenhouse management, divulge information in time when temperature is high, cool down, when temperature is low, close ventilation opening in time,
Ensure humidity.When ventilation, air port will avoid seedbed.Daily observation soil humidity, waters in time.
6th step：Cuttage transplantation of seedlings.Cuttage 60-75 days or so, most of cuttage rooting is good, is transplanted in time.With
Scuppit digs out the seedling in seedbed, is careful not to injury root system.Appropriate sunshade in 15 days after transplanting.
Points for attention：
1, sand humidity is observed daily, is watered in time.
2, heating wire must be uniformly laid with to specifications, and otherwise slotting machine temperature is irregular.
3, it transplants：Cuttage 60-75 days or so, is transplanted.Pay attention to moisturizing.
The advantage of the invention is that：
1. using the seedling medium of suitable blackthorn cuttage so that blackthorn cuttage and seedling culture, survival rate reach
62.5% so that carrying out nursery to blackthorn using the method for cuttage can be widely implemented, and improve its production efficiency, be into one
Step extensive use is laid a good foundation.
2. being mixed using original host material, disease spread can be avoided.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the implementation of the present invention
Example, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is the present invention
A part of the embodiment, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not having
The every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work is made, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of blackthorn cuttage and seedling culture matrix, using original perlite, vermiculite, turf, (volume) mixes in proportion
After use.Mixed volume ratio for example under, perlite：Vermiculite：Turf=1：1：1.
The method for carrying out cuttage and seedling culture to blackthorn using above-mentioned matrix, comprises the steps of：
The first step：Configure cutting medium.The place of one piece of flat clean is looked for, mixed-matrix is prepared.Turf is easy to lump, and one
As first the turf of caking is broken up, then again by the perlite of equal volume and vermiculite together, be sufficiently mixed uniformly, you can as
The cutting medium of blackthorn.According to blackthorn cuttings quantity, how much is nursery base quality required for determining, batch formulation.
Second step：Cuttage seedbed preparation.Slotting machine size is determined according to place size, to be suitble to operation to be advisable.Slotting machine bottom
It is laid with heating wire according to heating wire specification.Seedbed spread to the cutting medium mixed, about 20 centimetres of thickness, with clean-up scraper by base
Matter surface strikes off.After slotting machine matrix is laid, watering is placed 1-2 days, the operating condition of observation place hot line, and slotting machine temperature is kept
Degree is 19 ± 1 DEG C.After seedbed is put in order, 3~5 days before cuttage, matrix is irrigated using 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate, is disappeared
Poison processing, prevents cutting notch from being infected by germ, takes root to influence nursery stock.Then cuttage is carried out.
Third walks：Blackthorn cuttings prepares.The annotinous branch of suspend mode is taken through from blackthorn elite stand.Cuttings rugosity
It is advisable with 0.5-1.0 centimetres of thickness, about 15-20 centimetres of cutting length.Upper end is cut into stump in the 0.3-0.5 centimeters of upper bud,
Lower end is cut into horse ear shape angle.
4th step：Cottage method：The cuttings sheared is soaked 30 seconds or so in the ABT solution prepared, is inserted into seedbed, is inserted
About 2-3 centimetres far from seedbed bottom of fringe bottom avoids encountering ground hot line.Cutting will at least expose 2 full buds.Cuttage seeding row spacing：
7*18 centimetres.
5th step：It is managed after cuttage.Ground temperature is controlled at 19 ± 1 DEG C using temperature controller.Ventilation in time, cooling, room temperature should not
Higher than 15 DEG C.Other carry out normal greenhouse management, divulge information in time when temperature is high, cool down, when temperature is low, close ventilation opening in time,
Ensure humidity.When ventilation, air port will avoid seedbed.Daily observation soil humidity, waters in time.
6th step：Cuttage transplantation of seedlings.Cuttage 60-75 days or so, most of cuttage rooting is good, is transplanted in time.With
Scuppit digs out the seedling in seedbed, is careful not to injury root system.Appropriate sunshade in 15 days after transplanting.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of blackthorn cuttage and seedling culture matrix, it is characterised in that：In proportion using original perlite, vermiculite, turf
It is used after mixing；Mixed volume ratio is as follows, perlite：Vermiculite：Turf=1：1：1.
2. a kind of method for culturing seedlings using blackthorn cuttage and seedling culture matrix as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that by following
Step forms：
The first step：Configure cutting medium；Perlite, vermiculite and turf are measured respectively by above-mentioned volume ratio with container, are sufficiently mixed
Uniformly；
Second step：Cuttage seedbed preparation；Determine that slotting machine size, slotting machine bottom are laid with ground hot line according to the size in place；It will be plugged
Seedbed spread the matrix that the first step mixes, 15-25 centimetres of thickness is struck off stromal surface with clean-up scraper；Slotting machine matrix is spread
If after good, watering is placed 1-2 days, the operating condition of observation place hot line, it is 19 ± 1 DEG C to keep slotting machine temperature；It puts in order in seedbed
Afterwards, 3~5 days before cuttage, matrix is irrigated using 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate, carry out disinfection processing, then carries out cuttage and is
It can；
Third walks：Blackthorn cuttings prepares；The annotinous branch of suspend mode is taken through from blackthorn elite stand；Cuttings rugosity is
0.5-1.0 centimetres of thickness, 15-20 centimetres of cutting length；Upper end is cut into stump in the 0.3-0.5 centimeters of upper bud, and lower end is cut into
Horse ear shape angle；
4th step：Cuttage；The cuttings sheared is impregnated in the ABT solution prepared, is inserted into seedbed, cuttings bottom is far from seedbed bottom
2-3 centimetres of portion avoids encountering ground hot line；
5th step：It is managed after cuttage；Ground temperature is controlled at 19 ± 1 DEG C using temperature controller；It controls room temperature and is not higher than 15 DEG C；Daily observation
Soil humidity waters in time；
6th step：Cuttage transplantation of seedlings；Cuttage 60-75 days or so, is transplanted, and carries out sun-shading after transplanting in 15 days.
3. utilizing the method for culturing seedlings of blackthorn cuttage and seedling culture matrix as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The first step
The turf of caking is broken up before mixing material.
4. utilizing the method for culturing seedlings of blackthorn cuttage and seedling culture matrix as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：4th step
The cuttings sheared is impregnated 20-40 seconds in the ABT solution prepared and is inserted into seedbed；Cutting will at least expose 2 full buds.
5. utilizing the method for culturing seedlings of blackthorn cuttage and seedling culture matrix as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：4th step
Middle cuttage seeding row spacing：7*18 centimetres.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810263162.2A CN108476917A (en) | 2018-03-28 | 2018-03-28 | A kind of blackthorn cuttage and seedling culture matrix |
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| CN201810263162.2A CN108476917A (en) | 2018-03-28 | 2018-03-28 | A kind of blackthorn cuttage and seedling culture matrix |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108967019A (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2018-12-11 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of Lee, apricot stock efficient cuttage breeding method |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104956890A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-10-07 | 甘肃省林业科学研究院 | Cutting seedling raising method for olive light matrix |
| CN105494100A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-20 | 江汉大学 | Tissue culture and rapid propagation method of oriental cherries |
| CN107409989A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-12-01 | 武汉法雅园林集团有限公司 | Oriental cherry cutting medium and preparation method thereof and the method using matrix cutting propagation |
-
2018
- 2018-03-28 CN CN201810263162.2A patent/CN108476917A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104956890A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-10-07 | 甘肃省林业科学研究院 | Cutting seedling raising method for olive light matrix |
| CN105494100A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-20 | 江汉大学 | Tissue culture and rapid propagation method of oriental cherries |
| CN107409989A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-12-01 | 武汉法雅园林集团有限公司 | Oriental cherry cutting medium and preparation method thereof and the method using matrix cutting propagation |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108967019A (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2018-12-11 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of Lee, apricot stock efficient cuttage breeding method |
| CN108967019B (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2020-10-16 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Efficient cutting propagation method for plum and apricot stocks |
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Application publication date: 20180904 |