CN107873354A - A kind of method of forestation of high yield fast-growing Chinese fir - Google Patents
A kind of method of forestation of high yield fast-growing Chinese fir Download PDFInfo
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- CN107873354A CN107873354A CN201710962008.XA CN201710962008A CN107873354A CN 107873354 A CN107873354 A CN 107873354A CN 201710962008 A CN201710962008 A CN 201710962008A CN 107873354 A CN107873354 A CN 107873354A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method of forestation of high yield fast-growing Chinese fir, comprise the following steps：From breeding strong sprout, cuttage, seedbed management, the selection of reproducing area, refining mountain and soil remediation, site preparation field planting, weeding, fertilising, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and tending and intermittent cutting of forest.2 years half height of trees of Chinese fir woods built by this method are up to 4 meters, and 5 years height of trees can be up to 20 cubic metres up to more than 7 meters, 8 ~ 10 years with final felling, every mu of mill run, and under normal year, average yield per mu value substantially increases economic benefit and social benefit up to 1.8 ~ 20,000 yuan.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to forest field of planting, and in particular to a kind of method of forestation of high yield fast-growing Chinese fir.
Background technology
Chinese firTaxodiaceae, Taxodiaceae, totally 10 16 kinds of category, is distributed mainly on north temperate zone.Chinese fir culture is most wide, and growth is fast,
Timber reserves is relatively abundant, and purposes is wider, for the important reproducting tree species of on the south the Yangtze river basin and Taiwan alpine belt.Cryptomeria is cultivated
Area is also broader, and on the south the Yangtze river basin many mountain areas（Such as Mt West Tianmu, Lushan Mountain Huanglong Temple etc.）Still have hundreds of
Year raw ground such as huge veteran, Southern Zhejiang, Fujian the north also with afforestation.Two kinds of Taiwania is high megaphanerophyte, timber
Property is similar to purposes to cryptomeria, and only forest quantity is seldom, preferably strengthens protection breeding, and the basis of seedling is provided for afforestation from now on.
Metasequoia originates in and is only limitted to Sichuan and Hubei, Hunan border land, and forest quantity is few, and there is cultivation most provinces and regions in recent years, are used in combination
Afforestation, well-grown, timber is for building and paper making raw material, the quick growing species of trees liked for the masses.The wild forest of yew is few, in good fortune
Build, there is cultivation on Jiangxi, Guangdong, Guangxi, the ground such as Yunnan and Nanjing, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Wuhan, Mount Lushan, growth is fast, and timber is soft,
Root is wooden easily, and buoyancy is big, can be life preserver and cork article.At present, with economic development, demand of the society to timber
Amount increases, and the growth of the forest reserves can not meet needs of the social development to timber now.Chinese fir afforestation has notable
Economic benefit, have become the emphasis developed at present, and understand Chinese fir habit, rationally grasp pipe of the Chinese fir in growth course
Main points and prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control skill are managed, turns into the focus on research direction of Chinese fir afforestation administrative staff.
Through retrieval, the data as follows on Chinese fir afforestation is retrieved：
Chinese patent：Application publication number CN105052481A, title：A kind of China fir high yield method of forestation, summary：The present invention discloses
A kind of China fir high yield method of forestation is provided, belongs to tending technique field, is specifically included from the suitable afforestation of breeding strong sprout, selection
Ground, grass refining mountain, careful site preparation are cut, nursery stock transplanting field planting, after-culture, weeds with a hoe, apply fertilizer, 9 steps of tending and intermittent cutting of forest, effectively solution
The low input of China fir forest culture and management, low output, growth period limit for length, the problem of labor productivity is low, reach China fir and realize fast growing, three
The annual height of tree is up to more than 3 meters, 5 years more than 6 meters of height of trees, more than 6.3 centimetres of the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, 10 years can final felling, every mu of mill run reaches
More than 15 cubic metres, per mu yield value is up to more than 1.2 ten thousand yuan of beneficial effect.
Chinese fir woods is typically built in hillside or hills, and edaphic condition and the techniques of pest control are all that puzzlement Chinese fir afforestation is
No successfully crucial, in general hillside or hill soil are clay, and the content of organic matter is low, passes through the side of applying organic manure merely
Method is difficult to put into the melting pot soil, because Chinese fir is perennial plant, whether successfully edaphic condition be to restrict Chinese fir afforestation key
One of point.Meanwhile hillside hilly country is supplied water, laxative is difficult, conventional pesticide application technology is difficult to reach prevention effect, is all actual face
The problem of facing.In addition, each side such as also prior fine-variety breeding and field management, all it is that administrative staff need to tackle key problems
Problem.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of construction method of high yield fast-growing Chinese fir woods, by seed selection, soil remediation, powdery ridge site preparation, applies
With special fertilizer and the method for forestation of the reasonable prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, build 8 ~ 10 years can final felling, more than 20 cubic metres of every mu of mill run
High yield fast-growing Chinese fir woods.
The technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：
A kind of method of forestation of high yield fast-growing Chinese fir, comprises the following steps：
（1）From breeding strong sprout：From fast-growing type Chinese fir kind, its seed must be quarantined by pine wood nematode, and selection does not carry
Pine wood nematode, annual, ground diameter is more than is more than the select tree with age of tree Chinese fir seedling more than 20% with age of tree Chinese fir seedling more than 20%, the height of tree
As scion-seed tree.
（2）Cuttage：The terminal bud of clip elite stand germinating is sturdy, annual, undamaged branch that blade is verticillate as cuttings,
Sterilization, waxing are sealed up for safekeeping；When cuttage, cured, nutrient solution is gone to soak 15 ~ 20min, cuttage enters in medium of seedling bed.
（3）Seedbed management：Rich water quality management is carried out, is accomplished not flooded not non-irrigated；Base fertilizer uses high phosphate fertilizer, imposes once each two moon
High nitrogen Controlled Release Fertilizer, high potassium foliage fertilizer and brassin lactones were sprayed every 7 days；Shading treatment is carried out in seedbed, and air humidity is maintained at
70 ~ 85%, seedbed ground temperature is maintained at 20 ~ 25 DEG C, and air themperature is maintained at 22 ~ 28 DEG C.
（4）The selection of reproducing area：Select 300 ~ 800m of height above sea level high, hillside of the soil organic matter content more than 40% is made
For reproducing area, irrigation and drainage condition is good, and traffic is easy, and management is convenient.
（5）Refine mountain, soil remediation：Weeds on hillside are disorderly set and cuts down, dry, concentration is burnt, and tree root, grass roots are cut
It is disconnected to rout up, it is exposed to the sun under the sun one week；Every mu of ground be uniformly sprinkled into 30 ~ 50kg Sodium Polyacrylates, 1000kg Chicken dungs and 200 ~
300kg alga fertilizers, using powdery ridge equipment site preparation, 30 ~ 40min of soil is ploughed deeply, is raked.
（6）Site preparation is colonized：By planting density 155 ~ 172 ,/mu digs pit, spacing in the rows 2m × 2m, and in annual 2 ~ March, choosing is cloudy
My god, the fine day of ground moistening carries out transplant planting after small rainy day or rain, select that stem is straight and thick, and terminal bud is full, needle from seedbed
Purplish red or celadon, complete lignifying, well developed root system, height of seedling are more than 16cm, and nursery stock of the root more than 5cm more than 10 is moved
Plant field planting；Filled the gaps with seedlings in time according to nursery stock growing way and survival rate after January.
（7）Weeding：Weeds in Chinese fir woods are prevented and treated after afforestation in time, use glufosinate-ammonium low capacity weeding controlling weeds.
（8）Fertilising：It is annual to use 3 times for the age of tree Chinese fir of 1 ~ 2 year, every use 2 ~ 5kg fast-growing fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus；
It is annual to use 2 times for the age of tree Chinese fir of 3 ~ 5 years, every use 3 ~ 6kg fast-growing fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus；For the age of tree speed of 6 ~ 8 years
Raw eucalyptus, every use 5 ~ 7kg fast-growing fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus are annual to use 2 times；For the age of tree fast-growing eucalyptus of 8 ~ 10 years, every
It is annual to use 2 times using 5 ~ 7kg fast-growing fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus；Every time 2 ~ 3kg2% pyrrole worms are used cooperatively using fast-growing fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus
Quinoline granule.
（9）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Annual April and July preventing and treating twice, uses 1.8% AVM thermal fog and 25% pyrrole
Azoles kresoxim-methyl missible oil carries out thermal aerosol preventing and treating.
（10）Tending and intermittent cutting of forest：At 4 ~ 5 years, for Canopy densities up to first time intermediate cutting is carried out when more than 0.7, intensity was standing forest
The 20 ~ 35% of the volume of timber；At 7 ~ 8 years, when Canopy densities reach more than 0.8, second of intermediate cutting is carried out, intensity is stand volume
30 ~ 35%, it is final to retain/mu of Chinese fir 50 ~ 58.Tending and intermittent cutting of forest is to build a critically important link of Chinese fir afforestation, big at present
For most intermediate cuttings mostly at 5 years or so, Canopy densities carry out first time intermediate cutting when reaching 0.8 ~ 0.9, for the second time mostly the
Carry out within 5 years after intermediate cutting.And inventor is by carefully studying discovery：When building Chinese fir woods according to the inventive method, the 4th ~ 5
Nian Shi, Canopy densities are optimal up to first time m-fluorop henylfluorone is carried out when more than 0.7, and intensity is the 20 ~ 35% of stand volume；7 ~ 8
Nian Shi, when Canopy densities reach more than 0.8, second of intermediate cutting is carried out, intensity is the 30 ~ 35% of stand volume, can finally be ensured
The Chinese fir woods of construction was in final felling in 8 ~ 10 years, and per mu yield is higher by 15 ~ 20% relative to traditional Chinese fir afforestation.
Step（2）Contain the component of following percentage by weight in the nutrient solution：Butyric acid potassium 0.1 ~ 0.2%, methyl α-naphthyl acetate
Sodium 0.1 ~ 0.5%, sodium alginate 2 ~ 8%, carbendazim 10 ~ 15%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5 ~ 1.0%, ferrous sulfate 0.5 ~ 1.0%, sulfuric acid
Magnesium 0.5 ~ 1.0%, zinc sulfate 0.5 ~ 1.0%, magnesium sulfate 0.5 ~ 1.0%, Tween 80 5 ~ 10% and pure water supply 100%；The battalion
The application method of nutrient solution is：Nutrient solution is diluted into 100 times as mother liquor, cuttings to immerse in mother liquor and soak.
Step（3）The high potash fertilizer is potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and the brassin lactones are 0.0075% brassin lactones aqua.
Step（7）The glufosinate-ammonium ultra low volume liquids are 20% glufosinate-ammonium ultra low volume liquids.
Step（8）The fast-growing fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus contains the component of following parts by weight：8 ~ 15 parts of eucalyptus barks, bagasse 8 ~ 20
Part, 11 ~ 15 parts of pine bark, 8 ~ 10 parts of rape cake, 8 ~ 10 parts of soya-bean cake, 20 ~ 40 parts of manioc waste, 20 ~ 50 parts of cow dung and goose excrement 20 ~ 50
Part；The fertilizing method is：Using preceding needing first tillage and weeding, in every Chinese fir periphery open loop ditch during fertilising, by fast-growing eucalyptus
Special fertilizer and fertilizer granules are sprinkled into circular groove, earthing, watering.
Step（9）The thermal aerosol prevention and controls are：By 1.8% AVM thermal fog and 25% pyraclostrobin missible oil and
Pure water presses 2:1:1 mixture, mu dosage 500ml, before 6 points of every morning and dispenser after 6 pm.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
The construction method core of high yield fast-growing Chinese fir woods of the present invention is the merit by cuttage and seedling culture retaining variety, belongs to
Clone seedling afforestation field, by cuttage, can retain merit gene to greatest extent.Later stage is by selecting suitable afforestation
Ground, special fertilizer supply nutrition, the fertile and hot cigarette of medicine are used using water-loss reducer, organic fertilizer improved soil, powdery ridge technology site preparation, growth period
Mist technology prevention Chinese fir woods pest and disease damage and in time according to standard tending and intermittent cutting of forest, to reach quick afforestation purpose, is sought by this method
2 years half height of trees of the Chinese fir woods made are up to 4 meters, and 5 years height of trees can be with final felling up to more than 7 meters, 8 ~ 10 years, and it is vertical that every mu of mill run is up to 20
Square rice, under normal year, average yield per mu value substantially increases economic benefit and social benefit up to 1.8 ~ 20,000 yuan.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of forestation of high yield fast-growing Chinese fir, comprises the following steps：
（1）From breeding strong sprout：From fast-growing type Chinese fir kind, its seed must be quarantined by pine wood nematode, and selection does not carry
Pine wood nematode, annual, ground diameter is more than is more than the select tree with age of tree Chinese fir seedling more than 20% with age of tree Chinese fir seedling more than 20%, the height of tree
As scion-seed tree.
（2）Cuttage：The terminal bud of clip elite stand germinating is sturdy, annual, undamaged branch that blade is verticillate as cuttings,
Sterilization, waxing are sealed up for safekeeping；When cuttage, cured, nutrient solution is gone to soak 15 ~ 20min, cuttage enters in medium of seedling bed.In the nutrient solution
Component containing following percentage by weight：Butyric acid potassium 0.1%, Nafusaku 0.1%, sodium alginate 2%, carbendazim 10%, phosphorus
Acid dihydride potassium 0.5%, ferrous sulfate 0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.5%, zinc sulfate 0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.5%, Tween 80 5% and pure water
Supply 100%；The application method of the nutrient solution is：Nutrient solution is diluted into 100 times as mother liquor, cuttings to immerse in mother liquor and soak
.
（3）Seedbed management：Rich water quality management is carried out, is accomplished not flooded not non-irrigated；Base fertilizer uses high phosphate fertilizer, imposes once each two moon
High nitrogen Controlled Release Fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.0075% brassin lactones aqua were sprayed every 7 days；Carry out Shading treatment, air in seedbed
Humidity is maintained at 70 ~ 85%, and seedbed ground temperature is maintained at 20 ~ 25 DEG C, and air themperature is maintained at 22 ~ 28 DEG C.
（4）The selection of reproducing area：Select 300 ~ 800m of height above sea level high, hillside of the soil organic matter content more than 40% is made
For reproducing area, irrigation and drainage condition is good, and traffic is easy, and management is convenient.
（5）Refine mountain, soil remediation：Weeds on hillside are disorderly set and cuts down, dry, concentration is burnt, and tree root, grass roots are cut
It is disconnected to rout up, it is exposed to the sun under the sun one week；Every mu of ground is uniformly sprinkled into 30kg Sodium Polyacrylates, 1000kg Chicken dungs and 200 ~ 300kg
Alga fertilizer, using powdery ridge equipment site preparation, 30 ~ 40min of soil is ploughed deeply, is raked.
（6）Site preparation is colonized：By planting density 155 ,/mu digs pit, spacing in the rows 2m × 2m, in annual 2 ~ March, selects cloudy, small
After rainy day or rain ground moistening fine day carry out transplant planting, from seedbed select stem it is straight and thick, terminal bud is full, needle it is purplish red or
Celadon, complete lignifying, well developed root system, height of seedling are more than 16cm, and nursery stock of the root more than 5cm more than 10, which transplant, determines
Plant；Filled the gaps with seedlings in time according to nursery stock growing way and survival rate after January.
（7）Weeding：Weeds in Chinese fir woods are prevented and treated after afforestation in time, are prevented and treated using 20% glufosinate-ammonium low capacity liquor weeding miscellaneous
Grass.
（8）Fertilising：It is annual to use 3 times for the age of tree Chinese fir of 1 ~ 2 year, every use 2 ~ 5kg fast-growing fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus；
It is annual to use 2 times for the age of tree Chinese fir of 3 ~ 5 years, every use 3 ~ 6kg fast-growing fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus；For the age of tree speed of 6 ~ 8 years
Raw eucalyptus, every use 5 ~ 7kg fast-growing fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus are annual to use 2 times；For the age of tree fast-growing eucalyptus of 8 ~ 10 years, every
It is annual to use 2 times using 5 ~ 7kg fast-growing fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus；Every time 2 ~ 3kg2% pyrrole worms are used cooperatively using fast-growing fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus
Quinoline granule.Fast-growing fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus contains the component of following percentage by weight：8 parts of eucalyptus barks, 8 parts of bagasse, pine bark 11
20 parts of part, 8 parts of rape cake, 8 parts of soya-bean cake, 20 parts of manioc waste, 20 parts of cow dung and goose excrement；The fertilizing method is：Using preceding needing
First tillage and weeding, in every Chinese fir periphery open loop ditch during fertilising, fast-growing fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus and fertilizer granules are sprinkled into circular groove,
Earthing, watering.
（9）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Annual April and July preventing and treating twice, uses 1.8% AVM thermal fog and 25% pyrrole
Azoles kresoxim-methyl missible oil carries out thermal aerosol preventing and treating.Thermal aerosol prevention and controls are：By 1.8% AVM thermal fog and 25% pyrazoles ether bacterium
Emulsifiable concentrate and pure water press 2:1:1 mixture, mu dosage 500ml, before 6 points of every morning and dispenser after 6 pm.
（10）Tending and intermittent cutting of forest：At 4 ~ 5 years, for Canopy densities up to first time intermediate cutting is carried out when more than 0.7, intensity was standing forest
The 20% of the volume of timber；At 7 ~ 8 years, when Canopy densities reach more than 0.8, second of intermediate cutting is carried out, intensity is stand volume
30%, it is final to retain/mu of Chinese fir 50.
For 2 years half height of trees of Chinese fir woods built by above-mentioned method of forestation up to 4.3 meters, 5 years height of trees can up to 7.1 meters, 10 years
With final felling, every mu of mill run is up to 22 cubic metres, and average yield per mu value is up to 20,000 yuan.Relative to every mu traditional of Chinese fir method of forestation
Mill run is 14 cubic metres, and average yield per mu value only has 10,000 yuan.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method of forestation of high yield fast-growing Chinese fir, comprises the following steps：
（1）From breeding strong sprout：From fast-growing type Chinese fir kind, its seed must be quarantined by pine wood nematode, and selection does not carry
Pine wood nematode, annual, ground diameter is more than is more than the select tree with age of tree Chinese fir seedling more than 20% with age of tree Chinese fir seedling more than 20%, the height of tree
As scion-seed tree.
（2）Cuttage：The terminal bud of clip elite stand germinating is sturdy, annual, undamaged branch that blade is verticillate as cuttings,
Sterilization, waxing are sealed up for safekeeping；When cuttage, cured, nutrient solution is gone to soak 15 ~ 20min, cuttage enters in medium of seedling bed.In the nutrient solution
Component containing following percentage by weight：Butyric acid potassium 0.15%, Nafusaku 0.15%, sodium alginate 5%, carbendazim 12%,
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.75%, ferrous sulfate 0.8%, magnesium sulfate 0.8%, zinc sulfate 0.8%, magnesium sulfate 0.8%, Tween 80 9% and pure
Water supplies 100%；The application method of the nutrient solution is：Nutrient solution is diluted into 100 times as mother liquor, cuttings to immerse in mother liquor and soak
Bubble.
（3）Seedbed management：Rich water quality management is carried out, is accomplished not flooded not non-irrigated；Base fertilizer uses high phosphate fertilizer, imposes once each two moon
High nitrogen Controlled Release Fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.0075% brassin lactones aqua were sprayed every 7 days；Carry out Shading treatment, air in seedbed
Humidity is maintained at 80%, and seedbed ground temperature is maintained at 20 ~ 25 DEG C, and air themperature is maintained at 22 ~ 28 DEG C.
（4）The selection of reproducing area：Select 300 ~ 800m of height above sea level high, hillside of the soil organic matter content more than 40% is made
For reproducing area, irrigation and drainage condition is good, and traffic is easy, and management is convenient.
（5）Refine mountain, soil remediation：Weeds on hillside are disorderly set and cuts down, dry, concentration is burnt, and tree root, grass roots are cut
It is disconnected to rout up, it is exposed to the sun under the sun one week；Every mu of ground is uniformly sprinkled into 40kg Sodium Polyacrylates, 1000kg Chicken dungs and 200 ~ 300kg
Alga fertilizer, using powdery ridge equipment site preparation, 30 ~ 40min of soil is ploughed deeply, is raked.
（6）Site preparation is colonized：By planting density 155 ~ 172 ,/mu digs pit, spacing in the rows 2m × 2m, and in annual 2 ~ March, choosing is cloudy
My god, the fine day of ground moistening carries out transplant planting after small rainy day or rain, select that stem is straight and thick, and terminal bud is full, needle from seedbed
Purplish red or celadon, complete lignifying, well developed root system, height of seedling are more than 16cm, and nursery stock of the root more than 5cm more than 10 is moved
Plant field planting；Filled the gaps with seedlings in time according to nursery stock growing way and survival rate after January.
（7）Weeding：Weeds in Chinese fir woods are prevented and treated after afforestation in time, are prevented and treated using 20% glufosinate-ammonium low capacity liquor weeding miscellaneous
Grass.
（8）Fertilising：It is annual to use 3 times for the age of tree Chinese fir of 1 ~ 2 year, every use 2 ~ 5kg fast-growing fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus；
It is annual to use 2 times for the age of tree Chinese fir of 3 ~ 5 years, every use 3 ~ 6kg fast-growing fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus；For the age of tree speed of 6 ~ 8 years
Raw eucalyptus, every use 5 ~ 7kg fast-growing fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus are annual to use 2 times；For the age of tree fast-growing eucalyptus of 8 ~ 10 years, every
It is annual to use 2 times using 5 ~ 7kg fast-growing fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus；Every time 2 ~ 3kg2% pyrrole worms are used cooperatively using fast-growing fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus
Quinoline granule.Fast-growing fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus contains the component of following percentage by weight：12 parts of eucalyptus barks, 14 parts of bagasse, pine bark
30 parts of 14 parts, 9 parts of rape cake, 9 parts of soya-bean cake, 30 parts of manioc waste, 30 parts of cow dung and goose excrement；The fertilizing method is：Before use
Need first tillage and weeding, in every Chinese fir periphery open loop ditch during fertilising, fast-growing fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus and fertilizer granules are sprinkled into circular groove
In, earthing, watering.
（9）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Annual April and July preventing and treating twice, uses 1.8% AVM thermal fog and 25% pyrrole
Azoles kresoxim-methyl missible oil carries out thermal aerosol preventing and treating.Thermal aerosol prevention and controls are：By 1.8% AVM thermal fog and 25% pyrazoles ether bacterium
Emulsifiable concentrate and pure water press 2:1:1 mixture, mu dosage 500ml, before 6 points of every morning and dispenser after 6 pm.
（10）Tending and intermittent cutting of forest：At 4 ~ 5 years, for Canopy densities up to first time intermediate cutting is carried out when more than 0.7, intensity was standing forest
The 30% of the volume of timber；At 7 ~ 8 years, when Canopy densities reach more than 0.8, second of intermediate cutting is carried out, intensity is stand volume
32%, it is final to retain/mu of Chinese fir 55.
For 2 years half height of trees of Chinese fir woods built by above-mentioned method of forestation up to 4.1 meters, 5 years height of trees can up to 7.0 meters, 8 years
With final felling, every mu of mill run is up to 20 cubic metres, and average yield per mu value is up to 1.8 ten thousand yuan.It is every relative to traditional Chinese fir method of forestation
Mu mill run is 15 cubic metres, and average yield per mu value only has 1.3 ten thousand yuan.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method of forestation of high yield fast-growing Chinese fir, comprises the following steps：
（1）From breeding strong sprout：From fast-growing type Chinese fir kind, its seed must be quarantined by pine wood nematode, and selection does not carry
Pine wood nematode, annual, ground diameter is more than is more than the select tree with age of tree Chinese fir seedling more than 20% with age of tree Chinese fir seedling more than 20%, the height of tree
As scion-seed tree.
（2）Cuttage：The terminal bud of clip elite stand germinating is sturdy, annual, undamaged branch that blade is verticillate as cuttings,
Sterilization, waxing are sealed up for safekeeping；When cuttage, cured, nutrient solution is gone to soak 15 ~ 20min, cuttage enters in medium of seedling bed.In the nutrient solution
Component containing following percentage by weight：Butyric acid potassium 0.2%, Nafusaku 0.5%, sodium alginate 8%, carbendazim 15%, phosphorus
Acid dihydride potassium 1.0%, ferrous sulfate 1.0%, magnesium sulfate 1.0%, zinc sulfate 1.0%, magnesium sulfate 1.0%, Tween 80 10% and pure water
Supply 100%；The application method of the nutrient solution is：Nutrient solution is diluted into 100 times as mother liquor, cuttings to immerse in mother liquor and soak
.
（3）Seedbed management：Rich water quality management is carried out, is accomplished not flooded not non-irrigated；Base fertilizer uses high phosphate fertilizer, imposes once each two moon
High nitrogen Controlled Release Fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.0075% brassin lactones aqua were sprayed every 7 days；Carry out Shading treatment, air in seedbed
Humidity is maintained at 85%, and seedbed ground temperature is maintained at 20 ~ 25 DEG C, and air themperature is maintained at 22 ~ 28 DEG C.
（4）The selection of reproducing area：Select 300 ~ 800m of height above sea level high, hillside of the soil organic matter content more than 40% is made
For reproducing area, irrigation and drainage condition is good, and traffic is easy, and management is convenient.
（5）Refine mountain, soil remediation：Weeds on hillside are disorderly set and cuts down, dry, concentration is burnt, and tree root, grass roots are cut
It is disconnected to rout up, it is exposed to the sun under the sun one week；Every mu of ground is uniformly sprinkled into 50kg Sodium Polyacrylates, 1000kg Chicken dungs and 200 ~ 300kg
Alga fertilizer, using powdery ridge equipment site preparation, 30 ~ 40min of soil is ploughed deeply, is raked.
（6）Site preparation is colonized：By planting density 155 ~ 172 ,/mu digs pit, spacing in the rows 2m × 2m, and in annual 2 ~ March, choosing is cloudy
My god, the fine day of ground moistening carries out transplant planting after small rainy day or rain, select that stem is straight and thick, and terminal bud is full, needle from seedbed
Purplish red or celadon, complete lignifying, well developed root system, height of seedling are more than 16cm, and nursery stock of the root more than 5cm more than 10 is moved
Plant field planting；Filled the gaps with seedlings in time according to nursery stock growing way and survival rate after January.
（7）Weeding：Weeds in Chinese fir woods are prevented and treated after afforestation in time, are prevented and treated using 20% glufosinate-ammonium low capacity liquor weeding miscellaneous
Grass.
（8）Fertilising：It is annual to use 3 times for the age of tree Chinese fir of 1 ~ 2 year, every use 2 ~ 5kg fast-growing fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus；
It is annual to use 2 times for the age of tree Chinese fir of 3 ~ 5 years, every use 3 ~ 6kg fast-growing fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus；For the age of tree speed of 6 ~ 8 years
Raw eucalyptus, every use 5 ~ 7kg fast-growing fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus are annual to use 2 times；For the age of tree fast-growing eucalyptus of 8 ~ 10 years, every
It is annual to use 2 times using 5 ~ 7kg fast-growing fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus；Every time 2 ~ 3kg2% pyrrole worms are used cooperatively using fast-growing fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus
Quinoline granule.Fast-growing fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus contains the component of following percentage by weight：15 parts of eucalyptus barks, 20 parts of bagasse, pine bark
50 parts of 15 parts, 10 parts of rape cake, 10 parts of soya-bean cake, 40 parts of manioc waste, 50 parts of cow dung and goose excrement；The fertilizing method is：Using
It is preceding need to first tillage and weeding, in every Chinese fir periphery open loop ditch during fertilising, fast-growing fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus and fertilizer granules are sprinkled into ring
In ditch, earthing, watering.
（9）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Annual April and July preventing and treating twice, uses 1.8% AVM thermal fog and 25% pyrrole
Azoles kresoxim-methyl missible oil carries out thermal aerosol preventing and treating.Thermal aerosol prevention and controls are：By 1.8% AVM thermal fog and 25% pyrazoles ether bacterium
Emulsifiable concentrate and pure water press 2:1:1 mixture, mu dosage 500ml, before 6 points of every morning and dispenser after 6 pm.
（10）Tending and intermittent cutting of forest：At 4 ~ 5 years, for Canopy densities up to first time intermediate cutting is carried out when more than 0.7, intensity was standing forest
The 35% of the volume of timber；At 7 ~ 8 years, when Canopy densities reach more than 0.8, second of intermediate cutting is carried out, intensity is stand volume
35%, it is final to retain/mu of Chinese fir 58.
For 2 years half height of trees of Chinese fir woods built by above-mentioned method of forestation up to 4.6 meters, 5 years height of trees can up to 7.2 meters, 9 years
With final felling, every mu of mill run is up to 21 cubic metres, and average yield per mu value is up to 20,000 yuan.Relative to every mu traditional of Chinese fir method of forestation
Mill run is 15 cubic metres, and average yield per mu value only has 1.3 ten thousand yuan.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. method of forestation of high yield fast-growing Chinese fir, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：（1）From fast-growing type Chinese fir kind, its seed must be quarantined by pine wood nematode, select not carry pine wood nematode, 1 year Raw, ground diameter is more than with age of tree Chinese fir seedling more than 20%, and the height of tree is more than the select tree with age of tree Chinese fir seedling more than 20% as scion-seed tree；（2）From breeding strong sprout：The terminal bud of clip elite stand germinating is sturdy, annual, undamaged branch conduct that blade is verticillate Cuttings, sterilization, waxing are sealed up for safekeeping；When cuttage, cured, nutrient solution is gone to soak 15 ~ 20min, cuttage enters in medium of seedling bed；（3）Seedbed management：Rich water quality management is carried out, is accomplished not flooded not non-irrigated；Base fertilizer uses high phosphate fertilizer, imposes once high nitrogen by each two moon Controlled Release Fertilizer, high potassium foliage fertilizer and brassin lactones were sprayed every 7 days；Shading treatment is carried out in seedbed, and air humidity is maintained at 70 ~ 85%, seedbed ground temperature is maintained at 20 ~ 25 DEG C, and air themperature is maintained at 22 ~ 28 DEG C；（4）The selection of reproducing area：Select 300 ~ 800m of height above sea level high, hillside of the soil organic matter content more than 40%, which is used as, to be made Forest land, irrigation and drainage condition is good, and traffic is easy, and management is convenient；（5）Refine mountain, soil remediation：Weeds on hillside are disorderly set and cuts down, dry, concentration is burnt, and tree root, grass roots are chopped off and turned over Go out, be exposed to the sun under the sun one week；Every mu of ground is uniformly sprinkled into 30 ~ 50kg Sodium Polyacrylates, 1000kg Chicken dungs and 200 ~ 300kg seas Algae fertilizer, using powdery ridge equipment site preparation, ploughs deeply 30 ~ 40min of soil, rakes；（6）Site preparation is colonized：By planting density 155 ~ 172 ,/mu digs pit, spacing in the rows 2m × 2m, in annual winter, choosing cloudy day, light rain The fine day of ground moistening carries out transplant planting after it or rain, selects that stem is straight and thick, and terminal bud is full, and needle is purplish red or grey from seedbed Green, complete lignifying, well developed root system, height of seedling are more than 16cm, and nursery stock of the root more than 5cm more than 10 carries out transplant planting；1 Filled the gaps with seedlings in time according to nursery stock growing way and survival rate after month；（7）Weeding：Weeds in Chinese fir woods are prevented and treated after afforestation in time, use glufosinate-ammonium low capacity weeding controlling weeds；（8）Fertilising：It is annual to use 3 times for the age of tree Chinese fir of 1 ~ 2 year, every use 2 ~ 5kg fast-growing fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus；For The age of tree Chinese fir of 3 ~ 5 years, every use 3 ~ 6kg fast-growing fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus are annual to use 2 times；For the age of tree fast-growing eucalyptus of 6 ~ 8 years Tree, every use 5 ~ 7kg fast-growing fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus are annual to use 2 times；For the age of tree fast-growing eucalyptus of 8 ~ 10 years, every use 5 ~ 7kg fast-growing fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus, it is annual to use 2 times；Every time 2 ~ 3kg2% imidacloprids are used cooperatively using fast-growing fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus Granula；（9）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Annual April and July preventing and treating twice, uses 1.8% AVM thermal fog and 25% pyrazoles ether Bacterium emulsifiable concentrate carries out thermal aerosol preventing and treating；（10）Tending and intermittent cutting of forest：At 4 ~ 5 years, for Canopy densities up to first time intermediate cutting is carried out when more than 0.7, intensity was stand volume 20 ~ 35%；At 7 ~ 8 years, when Canopy densities reach more than 0.8, carry out second of intermediate cutting, intensity for stand volume 30 ~ 35%, it is final to retain/mu of Chinese fir 50 ~ 58.
- 2. the method for forestation of high yield fast-growing Chinese fir according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（2）The nutrient solution In contain following percentage by weight component：Butyric acid potassium 0.1 ~ 0.2%, Nafusaku 0.1 ~ 0.5%, sodium alginate 2 ~ 8%, Carbendazim 10 ~ 15%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5 ~ 1.0%, ferrous sulfate 0.5 ~ 1.0%, magnesium sulfate 0.5 ~ 1.0%, zinc sulfate 0.5 ~ 1.0%th, magnesium sulfate 0.5 ~ 1.0%, Tween 80 5 ~ 10% and pure water supply 100%；The application method of the nutrient solution is：Will battalion Nutrient solution dilutes 100 times and is used as mother liquor, and cuttings immerses in mother liquor and soaked.
- 3. the method for forestation of high yield fast-growing Chinese fir according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（3）The high potash fertilizer For potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the brassin lactones are 0.0075% brassin lactones aqua.
- 4. the method for forestation of high yield fast-growing Chinese fir according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（7）The glufosinate-ammonium Ultra low volume liquids are 20% glufosinate-ammonium ultra low volume liquids.
- 5. the method for forestation of high yield fast-growing Chinese fir according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（8）The fast-growing eucalyptus Tree special fertilizer contains the component of following parts by weight：8 ~ 15 parts of eucalyptus barks, 8 ~ 20 parts of bagasse, 11 ~ 15 parts of pine bark, rape cake 8 ~ 20 ~ 50 parts of 10 parts, 8 ~ 10 parts of soya-bean cake, 20 ~ 40 parts of manioc waste, 20 ~ 50 parts of cow dung and goose excrement；The fertilizing method is：Using It is preceding need to first tillage and weeding, in every Chinese fir periphery open loop ditch during fertilising, fast-growing fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus and fertilizer granules are sprinkled into ring In ditch, earthing, watering.
- 6. the method for forestation of high yield fast-growing Chinese fir according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（9）The thermal aerosol Prevention and controls are：1.8% AVM thermal fog and 25% pyraclostrobin missible oil and pure water are pressed 2:1:1 mixture, mu dosage 500ml, before 6 points of every morning and dispenser after 6 pm.
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| CN109588202A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-04-09 | 刘毳 | The method of forestation and its afforestation utensil of high yield fast-growing Chinese fir |
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