CN102351594A - Soilless culture matrix for castanopsis fissa container seedling, and preparation method of soilless culture matrix - Google Patents
Soilless culture matrix for castanopsis fissa container seedling, and preparation method of soilless culture matrix Download PDFInfo
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- CN102351594A CN102351594A CN2011101730347A CN201110173034A CN102351594A CN 102351594 A CN102351594 A CN 102351594A CN 2011101730347 A CN2011101730347 A CN 2011101730347A CN 201110173034 A CN201110173034 A CN 201110173034A CN 102351594 A CN102351594 A CN 102351594A
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- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 241000414138 Castanopsis fissa Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 244000055346 Paulownia Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000007472 Leucaena leucocephala Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010643 Leucaena leucocephala Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Ca] ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000001667 Vitex agnus castus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000063464 Vitex agnus-castus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 4
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000010678 Paulownia tomentosa Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 240000002834 Paulownia tomentosa Species 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 3
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000609240 Ambelania acida Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007763 Castanea pumila Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000025797 Castanea pumila Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196881 Castanopsis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000675108 Citrus tangerina Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001517923 Douglasiidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000011782 Keratins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010076876 Keratins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000255901 Tortricidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010905 bagasse Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides soilless culture matrix for a castanopsis fissa container seedling, and a preparation method for the soilless culture matrix. The soilless culture matrix is characterized by comprising the following components in part by weight: 10 to 15 parts of stacked sawdust of which water content is 40 percent, 0.5 to 1 part of stacked tung bran, 2 to 6 parts of carbonized sawdust, 2 to 4 parts of tanning extract residue, or/and 2 to 4 parts of inorganic matrix, namely one or more of pearlite, vermiculite, and rock wool powder. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: adding the stacked sawdust, the stacked tung bran, the carbonized sawdust, the tanning extract residues or/and the inorganic matrix into a mixing machine respectively, and stirring or manually mixing uniformly to obtain the soilless culture matrix. In the soilless culture matrix, sawdust and tanning extract resources are fully utilized, and the matrix has better physical behavior, is more suitable for growth and development of plant root systems, and has the effects of controlling insects and diseases; the weight of the matrix is half all mud matrix; and transportation cost and forest planting cost are reduced, and the soilless culture matrix has good market application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the plant cultivation media preparing technical field, be specifically related to soilless culture substrate and the preparation method of a kind of castanopsis fissa container seedling.
Background technology
Castanopsis fissa (Castanopsis fissa) has another name called black capsule evergreen chinquapin, Da Ye awl, splits the bucket awl, belongs to Fagaceae Castanopsis aiphyllium, mainly is distributed in the southeast, Asia, Central and South Asia's torrid zone boundary line north latitude 26.The areas to the south.China mainly is distributed in ground such as Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Fujian, Gan Nan; Mainly be distributed in mountain region, both sides, Xun Jiang basin, hills in Guangxi; Its rudiment updating ability is strong; The secondary forest growth rapidly; 1 year living coppice shoot Gao Keda 3～4m; Can grow into forest in 3 years and become a useful person, can make fibrous plate, PVC matrix material and good paper making raw material.Blade approaches keratin, and is bigger, and water content is high, and is with luxuriant foliage and spreading branches in leafy profusion, can do water conservation forest or fire forest belt.There is natural secondary pure forest 1.1 * 104hm the Cangwu County, Guangxi
2, the green wood full weight can reach 307.4t/hm in 6 years
2, technology reaches 131.4～307.4t/hm with the material mill run
2, be Guangxi industrial fiber raw tree species in a kind of up-and-coming short felling cycle.
Container seedling has that nursery stage is short, the afforestation season long, nursery stock specification and quality are easy to control, practice thrift in seed, the lifting process root system not easy damaged, nursery stock little moisture loss, the surrival rate of afforestation high, do not have seedling-slowing stage, be convenient to advantage such as seedling machineryization; It is the main supply form of forestry developed country forest seedling; The container seedling forestation ratio is more than 90%, and China also extensively adopts now.The composition of container seedling culture medium and proportioning are one of primary conditions that can container seedling successful.Its preparing materials according to matrix is different, can be divided into heavy matrix, half light ground mass, light ground mass.Heavy matrix is full earth matrix, also is primary matrix, exists unit weight big, and weight is big, is not easy to transportation, to shortcomings such as the soil damage, and along with the increase of the amount of growing seedlings, can not satisfy the demand of production of forestry.Half light ground mass is that a part of earth adds a part of non-earth matrix, is a kind of cambic matrix.Light ground mass is complete non-earth matrix, and its kind is a lot, and mineral-type is divided into particulate state (like sand, gravel, haydite), spumescence (like float stone, slag), born of the same parents' shape, spongy (like perlite, vermiculite, silica gel) and fibrous (like rock wool etc.); Organic class has natural and synthetic two kinds, and natural have peat, rice husk, sawdust, bark, leaf-humidified soil, charring rice husk, wood shavings etc., synthetic urine aldehyde, phenol formaldehyde foam, Resins, epoxy, polystyrene, urethane etc. are arranged.In addition, also have inorganic and inorganic, organic and organic and inorganic and organic mixed-matrix.Wherein, widely used traditional matrix is peat, leaf-humidified soil, sawdust, charring rice husk, sand, perlite and vermiculite.The matrix that developed country uses changes rock wool into from traditional peat.What the soilless culture substrate of Holland 80% was used now is rock wool, and the area of rock wool training ranks first in world's soilless culture.China's Woody flower soilless culture present situation light ground mass commonly used has main raw that the tangerine bar, coconut palm chaff, wood sawdust, bagasse etc. of peat, farm crop are arranged; Have short texture, physical behavior is good; Being suitable for plant root growth grows; In light weight; Be convenient to transportation, material source diversification, advantages such as environmental protection; Be a kind of ideal, the matrix type of Sustainable development.
Do not see the use report that soilless culture substrate is arranged at present in the training the region between the heart and the diaphragm technology about the castanopsis fissa container seedling yet.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to deficiency, a kind of soilless culture substrate and preparation method who cultivates the castanopsis fissa container seedling is provided to the training the region between the heart and the diaphragm technology of existing castanopsis fissa container seedling.
The object of the invention is achieved through following technical scheme:
Cultivate the soilless culture substrate of castanopsis fissa container seedling; It is characterized in that comprising composition and parts by weight: 0.5～1 part of the stack retting paulownia bran of 10～15 parts of the stack retting wood sawdusts of water content 40%, water content 20%, 2～6 parts of carbonization wood sawdusts, 2～4 parts of tannin extract residues are or/and 2～4 parts of inorganic matrixes, and described inorganic matrix is perlite, vermiculite and rock wool powder one or more mixtures wherein.
Cultivate the preparation method of the soilless culture substrate of castanopsis fissa container seedling; Be with stack retting wood sawdust, stack retting paulownia bran, carbonization wood sawdust, tannin extract residue or/and inorganic matrix by its parts by weight weighing, adds respectively and mixes in the mixing machine or artificial mix evenly obtains soilless culture substrate.
The preparation of above-described stack retting wood sawdust is to adopt the stack retting pond that is provided with water port at the bottom of the pond; Wood sawdust is put into the pond, fill with clear water and soaked 1～2 day, discharge soak solution then; Later on every inject at a distance from 10～15 days that clear water soaks and the discharge soak solution once, stack retting after 6～12 months airing subsequent use.
Above-described stack retting paulownia bran is a mire, and with 10 parts of paulownia brans, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate mixes for 1～2 part, water to the suction of whole paulownia brans saturated till, with plastics film cover, sealing, draining all around can be used after 20～40 days.
Above-described carbonization wood sawdust is to build a cooking stove on ground with brick; Chimney and porous iron sheet are set; In kitchen range, pile firewood and light; Wood sawdust is placed on the iron sheet, and cooking stove all covered pile taper shape, when the wood sawdust on the iron plate has 70% blackening; Adding one deck wood sawdust again covers on the original wood sawdust; So repeatedly, thoroughly put the wood sawdust of carbonization out by water with clear water when finishing carbonization, and stir evenly subsequent use.
Above-described tannin extract residue adopts different processing for different raw materials; After pulverizing with pulverizer, the frangible tannin extract residue of acorn cup, Cortex Phyllanthi and Cortex Myricae Rubrae gets final product; The tannin extract residue of black chaste tree and acacia rachii bark; Add 0.2% lime powder by its weight, add water-water reactor and macerate and pulverize subsequent use with pulverizer again after broken to bark fiber is disconnected.
The present invention has the following advantages with respect to prior art:
1, the soilless culture substrate of cultivation castanopsis fissa container seedling of the present invention adopts wood sawdust to replace the main status of coconut palm chaff in soilless culture substrate, has reduced cost, has alleviated the pressure of soilless culture substrate insufficient raw material.
2, the soilless culture substrate of cultivation castanopsis fissa container seedling of the present invention has added the carbonization wood sawdust, makes the physical behavior of matrix more optimize, and is more suitable for growing of root system of plant, and seedling rate is high.
3, the seedling stage diseases and pests control mainly contains disease and pests such as leaf blight, leaf spot, leaf roller, leaf miner, and soilless culture substrate of the present invention has added the tannin extract residue, makes matrix have the effect of insect protected, diseases prevention.
4, in soilless culture substrate, added the paulownia bran, remedied soilless culture substrate C/N than too high, organic content is low, lacks the defective of nutritive element.
Defeated cost and cost of forestation.
Embodiment
Through specific embodiment given below, can further be well understood to the present invention, but they not to qualification of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Will be through stack retting wood sawdust 10 weight parts of 9 months stack rettings; Stack retting paulownia bran 1 weight part through 26 days stack rettings; Through carbonization wood sawdust 6 weight parts, pulverize tannin extract residue 2 weight parts of acorn cup through pulverizer, add respectively to mix in the mixing machine and obtain soilless culture substrate.The castanopsis fissa seedling was implanted in the container that soilless culture substrate is housed February 25, whenever drenched and execute 0.5% compound rich water liquid at a distance from 14 days, investigation on May 25, as contrast, test-results is seen table 1 with yellow soil 10 weight part flame enrichment earth burnings 1.5 weight part mixed-matrixes.
Table 1: the soilless culture substrate test-results table of cultivating the castanopsis fissa container seedling
Annotate: the expression significant difference that * is arranged after the numeral
Embodiment 2
Will be through stack retting wood sawdust 12 weight parts of 11 months stack rettings; Stack retting paulownia bran 0.8 weight part through 35 days stack rettings; Through carbonization wood sawdust 4 weight parts, pulverize tannin extract residue 3 weight parts of acorn cup through pulverizer, add respectively to mix in the mixing machine and obtain soilless culture substrate.The castanopsis fissa seedling was implanted in the container that soilless culture substrate is housed February 25, whenever drenched and execute 0.2% compound rich water liquid at a distance from 7 days, investigation on May 25, as contrast, test-results is seen table 2 with yellow soil 10 weight parts, peat 2 weight parts and lime 0.2 weight part.
Table 2: the soilless culture substrate test-results table of cultivating the castanopsis fissa container seedling
Annotate: the expression significant difference that * is arranged after the numeral
Embodiment 3
Will be through stack retting wood sawdust 14 weight parts of 7 months stack rettings; Stack retting paulownia bran 0.5 weight part through 20 days stack rettings; Through carbonization wood sawdust 2 weight parts; Tannin extract residue with the acacia rachii bark; Add 0.2% lime powder by its weight; Add water-water reactor and macerate to bark fiber is disconnected and pulverize tannin extract residue 2 weight parts and inorganic matrix perlite powder 4 weight parts with pulverizer again after broken, add respectively to mix in the mixing machine and obtain soilless culture substrate.The castanopsis fissa seedling was implanted in the container that soilless culture substrate is housed February 25, the every pouring at a distance from 10 days executed 0.3% compound rich water liquid, and May 25 was investigated, and as contrast, test-results is seen table 3 with yellow soil 20 weight parts and fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 0.6 weight part.
Table 3: the soilless culture substrate test-results table of cultivating the castanopsis fissa container seedling
Annotate: the expression significant difference that * is arranged after the numeral
Claims (6)
1. soilless culture substrate of cultivating the castanopsis fissa container seedling; It is characterized in that comprising composition and parts by weight: moisture 40% stack retting sawmilling belongs to 10～15 parts, moisture 20% 2～4 parts of 2～6 parts of 0.5～1 part of stack retting paulownia bran, carbonization wood sawdusts, tannin extract residues or/and 2～4 parts of inorganic matrixes, and described inorganic matrix is perlite, vermiculite and rock wool powder one or more mixtures wherein.
2. cultivate the soilless culture substrate preparation method of castanopsis fissa container seedling; It is characterized in that: with stack retting wood sawdust, stack retting paulownia bran, carbonization wood sawdust, tannin extract residue or/and inorganic matrix by its parts by weight weighing, add respectively and mix in the mixing machine or artificial mix evenly obtains soilless culture substrate.
3. the soilless culture substrate preparation method of the described cultivation of root a tree name claim 2 castanopsis fissa container seedling; It is characterized in that: the preparation of described stack retting wood sawdust is to adopt the stack retting pond that is provided with water port at the bottom of the pond; Wood sawdust is put into the pond; Filling with clear water soaked 1～2 day; Discharge soak solution then; Later on every inject at a distance from 10～15 days that clear water soaks and the discharge soak solution once, stack retting after 6～12 months airing subsequent use.
4. the soilless culture substrate preparation method of the described cultivation of root a tree name claim 2 castanopsis fissa container seedling; It is characterized in that: described stack retting paulownia bran is a mire; With 10 parts of paulownia brans; Fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate mixes for 1～2 part; Water to the suction of whole paulownia brans saturated till; Cover, seal with plastics film, draining all around can be used after 20～40 days.
5. the soilless culture substrate preparation method of the described cultivation of root a tree name claim 2 castanopsis fissa container seedling; It is characterized in that: described carbonization wood sawdust is to build a cooking stove on ground with brick; Chimney and porous iron sheet are set; In kitchen range, pile firewood and light; Wood sawdust is placed on the iron sheet; And cooking stove all covered pile taper shape; When the wood sawdust on the iron plate has 70% blackening; Adding one deck wood sawdust again covers on the original wood sawdust; So repeatedly; Thoroughly put the wood sawdust of carbonization out by water with clear water when finishing carbonization, and stir evenly subsequent use.
6. the soilless culture substrate preparation method of the described cultivation of root a tree name claim 2 castanopsis fissa container seedling; It is characterized in that: described tannin extract residue adopts different processing for different raw materials; After pulverizing with pulverizer, the frangible tannin extract residue of acorn cup, Cortex Phyllanthi and Cortex Myricae Rubrae gets final product; The tannin extract residue of black chaste tree and acacia rachii bark; Add 0.2% lime powder by its weight, add water-water reactor and macerate and pulverize subsequent use with pulverizer again after broken to bark fiber is disconnected.
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Cited By (11)
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| CN102696391A (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2012-10-03 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Method for applying basic fertilizer to furrow surfaces for castanopsis fissa container seedling cultivation |
| CN103172419A (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2013-06-26 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Castanopsis hystrix seedling cultivation matrix and retting method thereof |
| CN103392491A (en) * | 2013-08-14 | 2013-11-20 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Method for cutting seedling of Zenia insignis through adopting quarter sawing process |
| CN105393882A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-03-16 | 黄钱英 | QuercusvariabilisBl container nursery method |
| CN105918004A (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-09-07 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Culture medium of ascendens mucronatum container seedling and preparation method |
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| CN106258887A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2017-01-04 | 柳州市欧亚农业发展有限公司 | A kind of Fructus Cucumidis sativi soilless culture substrate |
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| CN108450221A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2018-08-28 | 宾川佳泓园艺有限责任公司 | A kind of cultural method of Yunnan olive |
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