CN108464189A - A kind of cultural method of zinc-rich needle mushroom - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method of zinc-rich needle mushroom Download PDFInfo
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- CN108464189A CN108464189A CN201810188500.0A CN201810188500A CN108464189A CN 108464189 A CN108464189 A CN 108464189A CN 201810188500 A CN201810188500 A CN 201810188500A CN 108464189 A CN108464189 A CN 108464189A
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- zinc
- rotary cylinder
- culture bottle
- needle mushroom
- rich
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/30—Accessories for use before inoculation of spawn, e.g. sterilisers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/50—Inoculation of spawn
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
- A01G18/64—Cultivation containers; Lids therefor
- A01G18/66—Cultivation bags
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical fields of agricultural planting, specifically disclose a kind of cultural method of zinc-rich needle mushroom, include the following steps：1. taking sawdust, yam flour, corncob, zinc-rich rice hulls, corn flour；2. preparing culture medium, the raw material in step 1 is pulverized, water, zinc sulfate and jelly powder is added and carries out triple mixing；3. bottling, mixture is encased in culture bottle, the top inner sleeve of culture bottle is provided with resilient sleeve, and liquid collecting cavity is formed between elastomer and culture bottle, rotary cylinder is also fixed in culture bottle, it is equipped with shaft in rotary cylinder, shaft is equipped with several first blades and the second blade, and the inner wall of the first blade and rotary cylinder is slidingly sealed, elastic liquid outlet is equipped in liquid collecting cavity, outlet tube is communicated on elastic liquid outlet, outlet tube is connected to rotary cylinder, and the bottom of rotary cylinder is equipped with check valve；4. sterilizing；5. inoculation；6. bacteria；7. mycelium stimulation；8. cultivating；9. harvesting.The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of cultural methods of zinc-rich needle mushroom.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical fields of agricultural planting, specifically disclose a kind of cultural method of zinc-rich needle mushroom.
Background technology
Needle mushroom is free of chlorophyll, does not have photosynthesis, cannot manufacture carbohydrate, but completely can be in dark surrounds
Middle growth, it is necessary to absorb ready-made organic substance from culture medium, such as the degradation product of carbohydrate, protein and fat, be
Metatrophy type is a kind of heterotrophic organism, belongs to basidiomycetes.
Zinc is one of trace element, the sensibility of the immune system of human body not only can be improved, while can directly inhibit disease
The activity of poison, to enhance the disease-resistant ability of human body；And the synthesis of brain albumen is may additionally facilitate, help the development of nervous system
With it is perfect, therefore zinc is one of indispensable trace element in people's human body.Currently, needle mushroom is as the favorite food of people
One of, be one of good carrier of Zn-ef ficiency, if it is possible to make Ion Absorption of Flammulina Velutipes contain Zn-ef ficiency, people while enjoying cuisines just
Zinc can be supplemented, and this is micro-.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of cultural methods of zinc-rich needle mushroom.
In order to achieve the above object, base case of the invention is：
A kind of cultural method of zinc-rich needle mushroom, includes the following steps：
Step 1：Culture medium selection, is counted in parts by weight, takes sawdust 30-60, yam flour 15-25, corncob 15-25, richness
Zinc rice hulls 20-35, corn flour 5-10；
Step 2：Culture medium is prepared, the raw material in step 1 is pulverized and carries out first time stirring, after stirring evenly
Obtain powder；It is 1 that mass ratio is added into powder:1.5-1：1.6 water simultaneously carries out second of stirring, after stirring 30 minutes
Obtain mixture；It is added into mixture and accounts for the solution of zinc sulfate of total weight 0.1-0.8% and the jelly powder of 2-8% and carry out the
Triple mixing stirs 30 minutes；
Step 3：Bottling, mixture is encased in culture bottle, and the top inner sleeve of the culture bottle is provided with resilient sleeve,
Resilient sleeve is protruded at the center of culture bottle, and the inner wall of resilient sleeve and culture bottle is formed with liquid collecting cavity；It is also fixed in culture bottle
Equipped with rotary cylinder, shaft is coaxially provided in rotary cylinder, shaft extends to the outside of rotary cylinder, and shaft is equipped with several first leaves
The inner wall of piece, the first blade and rotary cylinder is slidingly sealed, and shaft is additionally provided with several second blades, and the second blade is located at rotary cylinder
Outside, it is equipped with the elastic liquid outlet that can just open that is under pressure in the liquid collecting cavity, is communicated with outlet tube on elastic liquid outlet, goes out
Liquid pipe is connected to rotary cylinder, and the bottom of rotary cylinder is equipped with check valve；
Step 4：It sterilizes, cultivate base molded, carry out autoclave sterilization after bottling, sterilising temp is 100 degrees Celsius, is gone out
Bacterium pressure is 40-80MPa, and the high pressure duration is 30 minutes, and high-temperature duration is 2-4 hours, waits for that culture medium is cold after sterilizing
But to gel formed at room temperature shape；
Step 5：Inoculation, strain is seeded on culture medium；
Step 6：Culture bottle is put into culturing room by bacteria, and it is 85-90%, temperature to keep the air humidity of culturing room
It is 15-17 degrees Celsius, cultivates 20-30 days；
Step 7：Mycelium stimulation removes the mycelia of aging in culture bottle, then is sealed to culture bottle bagging；
Step 8：It cultivates, indoor temperature will be cultivated and be maintained at 10-13 degree, indoor air humidity will be cultivated and be maintained at
80-95%, it is 20-40 days to cultivate the time；
Step 9：Harvesting, fructification harvest when growing to 14-15cm.
The operation principle and advantageous effect of this base case are：1. culture medium in the prior art is planted by solid-state mostly
Object powder and liquid solution mixing, after standing for a long time, the plant powder of solid can be deposited to the bottom of culture bottle, lead to culture bottle
Interior nutrient is uneven, and needle mushroom is just not easy to absorb the nutrient of culture bottle bottom.In step 1, Chinese yam is had chosen as culture medium
One of which raw material.The content of protein, grease and starch is more than 70% in Chinese yam, and a large amount of minerals are also contained in Chinese yam
Element can provide enough nutrients for needle mushroom.Also contain a large amount of mucoproteins in Chinese yam simultaneously, mucoprotein has certain glue
Property, so mixture has certain viscosity, the mobility of mixture is poor, and all nutrients can be evenly distributed in culture bottle
And be not easy to precipitate, it is more advantageous to needle mushroom and absorbs nutrient.
2. in step 1, having chosen zinc-rich rice hulls as raw material.Not only can using zinc-rich rice hulls as raw material
Enough for the cultivation of needle mushroom provide zinc source can also waste utilization, it is economic and environment-friendly.
3. adding solution of zinc sulfate and jelly powder in step 2.Solution of zinc sulfate can improve the Zn content of culture medium,
Zn-ef ficiency is provided for needle mushroom.Jelly powder is a kind of gelling agent, can increase the viscosity of liquid and liquid is made to become gel, so
Culture medium can become gel-like after step 4 is heated at high temperature and cools down.After culture medium becomes gel, mobility is further
Become smaller, greatly reduces that there is a situation where precipitate.Triple mixing is carried out in step 2, nutrient and water are all generally evenly distributed in culture
In base.So nutrient is uniformly distributed and is not easy to precipitate in culture medium in this programme, is conducive to needle mushroom and absorbs nutrient.We simultaneously
The amount that jelly powder is added in case only has 2-5%, culture medium its viscosity will not be caused too big because pectin powder content is high, finally led
Cause needle mushroom that can not absorb nutrient.
4. in the prior art, the Zn content in culture medium should not be too high, the growth of needle mushroom, but needle mushroom otherwise can be influenced
After absorbing Zn-ef ficiency, the Zn content in culture medium can gradually decrease, so needing that solution of zinc sulfate is often added into culture medium.
Mixture is encased in culture bottle in step 3, while solution of zinc sulfate being added into liquid collecting cavity, the matter of solution of zinc sulfate
Amount is the 1% of culture medium gross mass.In step 8, the fructification of needle mushroom can gradually grow up and the resilient sleeve of close culture bottle,
Resilient sleeve can be squeezed to the inner wall of culture bottle when Growth of Flammulina Velutipes is to certain altitude and diameter, after resilient sleeve is squeezed,
Solution of zinc sulfate in liquid collecting cavity will flow to outlet tube from elastic liquid outlet, and solution of zinc sulfate flows to from outlet tube rotate again
Cylinder, when it flow on the first blade, the first blade can be rotated down by its gravity, and solution of zinc sulfate is also therewith to dirty
It is dynamic, finally from the Zn content entered in check valve into culture bottle with supplementing culture medium.Meanwhile only when needle mushroom grows to certain height
Needle mushroom can just squeeze resilient sleeve when degree and diameter, and solution of zinc sulfate can just enter in culture medium, and at this time in culture medium
Zinc is absorbed very much, and zinc sulfate should be just added.Resilient sleeve can also apply pressure to needle mushroom, keep the son of needle mushroom real
Body is all cinched together, and after harvesting needle mushroom, all needle mushrooms can gather together, convenient for collecting, packing.And needle mushroom
After growing a period of time, the nutrient for cultivating epibasal tier is absorbed more, and the nutrient consumption of lower layer is few, so needing to stir training
Foster base keeps nutrient uniform.And in step 3, the first blade can drive shaft to rotate when rotating, and shaft drives the rotation of the second blade,
Second blade stirs culture medium, and nutrient therein is made to be uniformly mixed.
Preferred embodiment one：As the preferred of basic scheme, the sawdust include willow, elm, willow one of which or
A variety of sawdusts.Needle mushroom is grown in a natural environment on the withered tree or stub of willow, willow and elm, thus using willow,
The sawdust of willow and elm is conducive to the growth of needle mushroom.
Preferred embodiment two：As the preferred of basic scheme, in the step 2, the whipping temp of second of stirring is 30-
40 degree, the whipping temp of third time stirring is 10-15 degree.Water is added when second of stirring into powder, improves whipping temp
It can be allowed to be sufficiently mixed.When third time stirs, jelly powder is added into mixture, jelly powder, which can play, becomes mixture
The effect of gelled, but must first by mixed material heating again cooling could become gel, so being initially added into jelly powder
When to reduce its whipping temp, prevent the too fast formation gel of mixture.
Preferred embodiment three：As the preferred of basic scheme, in the step 2, the additive amount of jelly powder is total to account for mixture
Weight 5%.The additive amount of jelly powder will not both make the excessively high sticky mistake that will not make culture medium of viscosity of culture medium in this programme
It is low.
Preferred embodiment four：It,, will every eight hours when cultivating needle mushroom in the step 8 as the preferred of basic scheme
The sack cultivated on bottle is opened once, and sack is recovered and sealed again after opening 1 minute.Needle mushroom needs bagging in culture,
But the carbon dioxide after bagging in culture bottle can not be discharged, and lead to needle mushroom hypoevolutism.In the present solution, opening dioxy after sack
Changing carbon can be discharged and replace fresh air.
Preferred embodiment five：Preferably four it is preferred, in the step 8, cultivate needle mushroom when, every 3 days will training
Indoor air is supported to replace once.The development that can also influence needle mushroom cannot be discharged by cultivating indoor carbon dioxide.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of culture bottle.
Specific implementation mode
Below by specific implementation mode, the present invention is described in further detail：
Reference numeral in Figure of description includes：Culture bottle 1, resilient sleeve 2, liquid collecting cavity 3, outlet tube 4, rotary cylinder 5,
Shaft 6, the first blade 7, the second blade 8, check valve 9.
A kind of cultural method of zinc-rich needle mushroom of the present embodiment, includes the following steps：
Step 1：Culture medium selection, is counted in parts by weight, take the sawdust of willow, elm and willow totally 40, yam flour 20,
Corncob 15, zinc-rich rice hulls 20, corn flour 5；
Step 2：Culture medium is prepared, the raw material in step 1 is pulverized and carries out first time stirring, after stirring evenly
Obtain powder；It is 1 that mass ratio is added into powder：1.6 water simultaneously carries out second of stirring, and whipping temp is 35 degree, is stirred
Mixture is obtained after mixing 30 minutes；Into mixture, addition accounts for the solution of zinc sulfate of total weight 0.6% and 5% jelly powder is gone forward side by side
Row third time stirs, and whipping temp is 10 degree, is stirred 30 minutes；
Step 3：Bottling, mixture is encased in culture bottle 1, as shown in Figure 1, the top inner sleeve of culture bottle 1 is provided with
Resilient sleeve 2, resilient sleeve 2 are formed with liquid collecting cavity 3 to protrusion at the center of culture bottle 1, resilient sleeve 2 and the inner wall of culture bottle 1；Training
It supports in bottle 1 and is also fixed with rotary cylinder 5, shaft 6 is coaxially provided in rotary cylinder 5, shaft 6 extends to the outside of rotary cylinder 5, shaft
6 are equipped with several first blades 7, and the inner wall of the first blade 7 and rotary cylinder 5 is slidingly sealed, and shaft 6 is additionally provided with several second blades
8, the second blade 8 is located at outside rotary cylinder 5, and the elastic liquid outlet that can just open that is under pressure, elasticity are equipped in the liquid collecting cavity 3
Outlet tube 4 is communicated on liquid outlet, outlet tube 4 is connected to rotary cylinder 5, and the bottom of rotary cylinder 5 is equipped with check valve 9；
Step 4：It sterilizes, cultivate base molded, carry out autoclave sterilization after bottling, sterilising temp is 100 degrees Celsius, is gone out
Bacterium pressure is 65MPa, and the high pressure duration is 30 minutes, and high-temperature duration is 4 hours, waits for that culture medium is cooled to room after sterilizing
Temperature forms gel；
Step 5：Inoculation, strain is seeded on culture medium；
Step 6：Culture bottle 1 is put into culturing room by bacteria, and it is 90% to keep the air humidity of culturing room, and temperature is
It 16 degrees Celsius, cultivates 22 days；
Step 7：Mycelium stimulation removes the mycelia of aging in culture bottle 1, then is sealed to 1 bagging of culture bottle；
Step 8：It cultivates, indoor temperature will be cultivated and be maintained at 10 degree, indoor air humidity will be cultivated and be maintained at
90%, it is 30 days to cultivate the time, and when cultivation opened the sack on culture bottle once every eight hours, general again after opening 1 minute
Sack is recovered and is sealed, and indoor air will be cultivated every 3 days and is replaced once；
Step 9：Harvesting, fructification harvest when growing to 14-15cm.
Above-described is only the embodiment of the present invention, and the common sense such as well known concrete structure and characteristic are not made herein in scheme
Excessive description.It, without departing from the structure of the invention, can be with it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art
Several modifications and improvements are made, these should also be considered as protection scope of the present invention, these all do not interfere with what the present invention was implemented
Effect and patent practicability.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of cultural method of zinc-rich needle mushroom, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step 1：Culture medium selection, is counted in parts by weight, takes sawdust 30-60, yam flour 15-25, corncob 15-25, zinc-rich rice
Husk 20-35, corn flour 5-10；
Step 2：Culture medium is prepared, the raw material in step 1 is pulverized and carries out first time stirring, is obtained after stirring evenly
Powder；It is 1 that mass ratio is added into powder:1.5-1：1.6 water simultaneously carries out second of stirring, and stirring obtains after 30 minutes
Mixture；It is added into mixture and accounts for the solution of zinc sulfate of total weight 0.1-0.8% and the jelly powder of 2-8% and carry out third time
Stirring is stirred 30 minutes；
Step 3：Bottling, mixture is encased in culture bottle, and the top inner sleeve of the culture bottle is provided with resilient sleeve, elasticity
It covers and is protruded at the center of culture bottle, the inner wall of resilient sleeve and culture bottle is formed with liquid collecting cavity；It is also fixed in culture bottle
Rotary cylinder is coaxially provided with shaft in rotary cylinder, and shaft extends to the outside of rotary cylinder, and shaft is equipped with several first blades, the
The inner wall of one blade and rotary cylinder is slidingly sealed, and shaft is additionally provided with several second blades, and the second blade is located at outside rotary cylinder, described
Be equipped with the elastic liquid outlet that can just open that is under pressure in liquid collecting cavity, be communicated with outlet tube on elastic liquid outlet, outlet tube with
Rotary cylinder is connected to, and the bottom of rotary cylinder is equipped with check valve；
Step 4：It sterilizes, cultivate base molded, carry out autoclave sterilization after bottling, sterilising temp is 100 degrees Celsius, sterilizing pressure
Power is 40-80MPa, and the high pressure duration is 30 minutes, and high-temperature duration is 2-4 hours, waits for that culture medium is cooled to after sterilizing
Gel formed at room temperature shape；
Step 5：Inoculation, strain is seeded on culture medium；
Step 6：Culture bottle is put into culturing room by bacteria, and it is 85-90% to keep the air humidity of culturing room, and temperature is
It 15-17 degrees Celsius, cultivates 20-30 days；
Step 7：Mycelium stimulation removes the mycelia of aging in culture bottle, then is sealed to culture bottle bagging；
Step 8：It cultivates, indoor temperature will be cultivated and be maintained at 10-13 degree, indoor air humidity will be cultivated and be maintained at 80-
95%, it is 20-40 days to cultivate the time；
Step 9：Harvesting, fructification harvest when growing to 14-15cm.
2. a kind of cultural method of zinc-rich needle mushroom according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The sawdust includes poplar
The one or more of which sawdust of tree, elm, willow.
3. a kind of cultural method of zinc-rich needle mushroom according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step 2, the
The whipping temp of secondary agitation is 30-40 degree, and the whipping temp of third time stirring is 10-15 degree.
4. a kind of cultural method of zinc-rich needle mushroom according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step 2, fruit
The additive amount of rubber powder is to account for mixture total weight 5%.
5. a kind of cultural method of zinc-rich needle mushroom according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step 8, training
When educating needle mushroom, the sack on culture bottle is opened once every eight hours, sack is recovered and sealed again after opening 1 minute.
6. a kind of cultural method of zinc-rich needle mushroom according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：In the step 8, training
When educating needle mushroom, indoor air will be cultivated every 3 days and will be replaced once.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810188500.0A CN108464189A (en) | 2018-03-07 | 2018-03-07 | A kind of cultural method of zinc-rich needle mushroom |
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| CN201810188500.0A CN108464189A (en) | 2018-03-07 | 2018-03-07 | A kind of cultural method of zinc-rich needle mushroom |
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