CN108401951A - A kind of artificial breeding method of Homer loach - Google Patents
A kind of artificial breeding method of Homer loach Download PDFInfo
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- CN108401951A CN108401951A CN201810293410.8A CN201810293410A CN108401951A CN 108401951 A CN108401951 A CN 108401951A CN 201810293410 A CN201810293410 A CN 201810293410A CN 108401951 A CN108401951 A CN 108401951A
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- 241000252185 Cobitidae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 102000010029 Homer Scaffolding Proteins Human genes 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 108010077223 Homer Scaffolding Proteins Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 230000032696 parturition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 210000002969 egg yolk Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000013345 egg yolk Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000002196 ecbolic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000017448 oviposition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 10
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- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- JYTNGEWJAZCVAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hexadecylbenzenesulfonic acid;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O JYTNGEWJAZCVAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001763 2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- JDLKFOPOAOFWQN-VIFPVBQESA-N Allicin Natural products C=CCS[S@](=O)CC=C JDLKFOPOAOFWQN-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000291564 Allium cepa Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000002732 Allium cepa var. cepa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004475 Arginine Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000512259 Ascophyllum nodosum Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000016811 Biondella Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000255789 Bombyx mori Species 0.000 claims description 5
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019743 Choline chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000005979 Citrus limon Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000131522 Citrus pyriformis Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019750 Crude protein Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000002722 Dioscorea batatas Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000006536 Dioscorea esculenta Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000001811 Dioscorea oppositifolia Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000003416 Dioscorea oppositifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000545744 Hirudinea Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000009636 Huang Qi Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000007049 Juglans regia Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000009496 Juglans regia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000276489 Merlangius merlangus Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000005001 Paeonia suffruticosa Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000003889 Paeonia suffruticosa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000001341 Reynoutria japonica Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000018167 Reynoutria japonica Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001530209 Swertia Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000126002 Ziziphus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000004712 air sac Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- JDLKFOPOAOFWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N allicin Chemical compound C=CCSS(=O)CC=C JDLKFOPOAOFWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010081 allicin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N arginine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCCNC(N)=N ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940062672 calcium dihydrogen phosphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium hydrogenphosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960003178 choline chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M choline chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCO SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 compound amino acid Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019700 dicalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole-3-acetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)O)=CNC2=C1 SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000015277 pork Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960003080 taurine Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000020234 walnut Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930002875 chlorophyll Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019804 chlorophyll Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M chlorophyll a Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 244000131316 Panax pseudoginseng Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000020995 raw meat Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 5
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000013717 Houttuynia Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 240000000691 Houttuynia cordata Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-P L-argininium(2+) Chemical compound NC(=[NH2+])NCCC[C@H]([NH3+])C(O)=O ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-P 0.000 description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000252206 Cypriniformes Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000487097 Nemacheilidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002149 gonad Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/179—Colouring agents, e.g. pigmenting or dyeing agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
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- A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
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- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
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- Microbiology (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to aquaculture fields, disclose a kind of artificial breeding method of Homer loach, include the following steps:Parent population selects:Select 3 more than age sexually matured parent populations;Parent population cultivates:In the last week of hastening parturition, feed of hastening parturition is fed, wherein per kilogram is hastened parturition the biological oxytocins of 5~12 grams of addition in feed, continuous to feed one week;Artificial induced spawning is fertilized:In Homer loach mating period, sexually matured parent population is selected, injects oxytocic hormone, induces its oviposition and sperm drainage;Hatch in incubator by fertilized eggs are evenly laid out;Fry rearing:After fertilized eggs in incubator are all hatched 2~7 days, the egg yolk and the flesh of fish after being cooked are fed;Hatching is transferred to fry rearing pond after 7~10 days, feed open-mouthed bait, and fry body length gradually tames and dociles food with mixed feed when reaching 2cm, pays attention to cleaning-sterilizing in pond, prevents disease.Artificial breeding method of the present invention substantially reduces the time of Homer loach breeding, improves fertility rate and hatchability, improve the yield of Homer loach.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquaculture field, more particularly to a kind of artificial breeding method of Homer loach.
Background technology
Homer loach is under the jurisdiction of Cypriniformes and climbs Cobitidae Nemacheilinae, belongs to China's endemic species, fish majority population quantity
Greatly, continuously distributed, age composition is more complex, is distributed widely in China the Yellow River, the Changjiang river, the Zhujiang River and Lancang River water system, belongs to small-sized
Fish, body length are generally 10~17cm, and bottom is dwelt life, likes living in the stone cave environment that flowing water washes away, generally in mountain area tributary
Middle quantity is more, will then be swum out of come the bait brought by flood of looking for food when flood.Usually happiness inhabit rock seam, stone gap or
The return water gulf activity of more megaliths.
Currently, most of fish can obtain fertilized eggs by artificial induced spawning, a small number of fish are because of special gonad knot
The reasons such as structure and special breeding habit, there are artificial induced spawning difficulties.Homer loach is because live in rock seam, stone gap or more megaliths
Return water gulf in, quantity is few, and its breeding habit always be people understand, therefore study Homer loach artificial breeding method
It has important practical significance.
Invention content
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of artificial breeding methods of Homer loach, substantially reduce lotus
The time of horse loach breeding, fertility rate and hatchability is improved, the yield of Homer loach is improved.
The technical solution that the present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem is as follows:
A kind of artificial breeding method of Homer loach, includes the following steps:
(1) parent population selects:3 more than age sexually matured parent populations are selected, take flowing water culture pond to cultivate parent population, parent population is put in a suitable place to breed close
Degree is 15~20 tails/m2;
(2) parent population cultivates:In the last week of hastening parturition, feed of hastening parturition is fed, wherein per kilogram hastens parturition and adds 5~12 grams in feed
Biological oxytocins, it is continuous to feed one week;
(3) artificial induced spawning is fertilized:In Homer loach mating period, sexually matured parent population is selected, injects compound oxytocic hormone,
It is placed in spawning inducing pool, induces its oviposition and sperm drainage;It hastens parturition after 8~10h, by female-male proportion 1:2 combos are put into spawning pond, are carried out
Artificial dry method fertilization;Hatch in incubator by fertilized eggs are evenly laid out;Incubator is periodically rocked in hatching process, prevents from being fertilized
Ovum is accumulated, and entire hatching process shading avoids direct sunlight;
(4) fry rearing:After fertilized eggs in incubator are all hatched 2~7 days, the egg yolk after being cooked and fish are fed
Meat;Hatching is transferred to fry rearing pond after 7~10 days, fry breeding density is 1000~1500 tails/m2, open-mouthed bait is fed, often
Secondary to be fed by 3~8% forage volume of fry weight, fry body length gradually tames and dociles food when reaching 2cm with mixed feed, pays attention to
Cleaning-sterilizing in pond prevents disease.
Preferably, feed of hastening parturition described in step (2) includes the raw material of following parts by weight:50~60 parts of loach powder, air bladder
40~50 parts, 40~50 parts of oyster shell whiting, 30~40 parts of dried small shrimp, 30~40 parts of wheat bran, 25~30 parts of walnut kernel, HERBA EPIMEDII 20~30
Part, 20~30 parts of the fleece-flower root, 20~30 parts of Chinese yam, 20~30 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 10~15 parts of arginine, multi-vitamins 5
~10 parts.
Preferably, biological oxytocins described in step (2) mixes gained by the raw material powder of following parts by weight:Rhizome of chuanxiong 20~
30 parts, 20~25 parts of the root bark of tree peony, 15~20 parts of ginseng, 10~20 parts of rhizoma cyperi, 10~20 parts of onion, 10~20 parts of jujube, Semen Cuscutae
10~20 parts.
Preferably, incubator temperature described in step (3) is 15~25 DEG C, and dissolved oxygen content is 5~10mg/L.
Preferably, the depth of water keeps 30~40cm in incubator described in step (3).
Preferably, fry bait described in step (4) includes the raw material of following parts by weight:50~60 parts of fishbone dust, leech
30~40 parts of powder, 20~30 parts of egg yolk, 20~30 parts of bean powder, 20~30 parts of fish oil, 15~25 parts of felwort, Radix Astragali 15~20
Part, 10~20 parts of kelp, 10~15 parts of compound amino acid, 5~10 parts of trace element, 3~10 parts of chlorophyll, ascorbic acid 3~
10 parts.
Preferably, mixed feed described in step (4) includes the raw material of following parts by weight:Ferment 50~60 parts of lemon dregs,
40~50 parts of fishbone dust, 30~40 parts of crude protein powder, 20~30 parts of dried silkworm chrysalis meal, 20~30 parts of pork liver, 20~30 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphate,
20~30 parts of rhizoma cyperi, 20~30 parts of palma, 20~30 parts of cordate houttuynia, 10~15 parts of multi-vitamins, 5~10 parts of taurine,
3~10 parts of choline chloride.
Preferably, cleaning-sterilizing described in step (4) is killed virus to pond and pond water with disinfectant, usage amount
For 80~120ml/m2。
Preferably, the disinfectant includes the raw material of following parts by weight:20~30 parts of wood vinegar, heteroauxin 20~30
Part, 20~30 parts of allicin, 10~20 parts of rhizoma extracting liquid, 5~10 parts of cetyl benzenesulfonic acid sodium.
The advantageous effect of the present invention compared with prior art:
Homer loach is bred using artificial breeding method of the present invention, fertilization time is short, and the binding capacity of sperm and ovum is big, by
Smart rate is high, reaches 95% or more, and the breeding time is short, and hatching rate is high, reaches 85% or more, and survival rate of fish fry reaches 90% or more,
And processing operation of hastening parturition is simple, reduces the amount of labour, improves culture efficiency.
Specific implementation mode
The principles and features of the present invention are described below, and the given examples are served only to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit
Determine the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of artificial breeding method of Homer loach, includes the following steps:
(1) parent population selects:3 more than age sexually matured parent populations are selected, take flowing water culture pond to cultivate parent population, parent population is put in a suitable place to breed close
Degree is 15~20 tails/m2;
(2) parent population cultivates:In the last week of hastening parturition, feed of hastening parturition is fed, wherein per kilogram hastens parturition and adds 5 grams of biologies in feed
Oxytocins, it is continuous to feed one week;
Wherein, feed of hastening parturition includes the raw material of following parts by weight:50 parts of loach powder, 40 parts of air bladder, 40 parts of oyster shell whiting, dried small shrimp
30 parts, 30 parts of wheat bran, 25 parts of walnut kernel, 20 parts of HERBA EPIMEDII, 20 parts of the fleece-flower root, 20 parts of Chinese yam, 20 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, arginine
10 parts, 5 parts of multi-vitamins;
Wherein, biological oxytocins mixes gained by the raw material powder of following parts by weight:20 parts of rhizome of chuanxiong, 20 parts of the root bark of tree peony, ginseng
15 parts, 10 parts of rhizoma cyperi, 10 parts of onion, 10 parts of jujube, 10 parts of Semen Cuscutae;
(3) artificial induced spawning is fertilized:In Homer loach mating period, sexually matured parent population is selected, injects compound oxytocic hormone,
It is placed in spawning inducing pool, induces its oviposition and sperm drainage;It hastens parturition after 8~10h, by female-male proportion 1:2 combos are put into spawning pond, are carried out
Artificial dry method fertilization;Hatch in incubator by fertilized eggs are evenly laid out, setting incubator temperature is 15 DEG C, and dissolved oxygen content is
5mg/L, the depth of water keep 30cm;Incubator is periodically rocked in hatching process, prevents fertilized eggs from accumulating, entire hatching process shading,
Avoid direct sunlight;
(4) fry rearing:After fertilized eggs in incubator are all hatched 2~7 days, the egg yolk after being cooked and fish are fed
Meat;Hatching is transferred to fry rearing pond after 7~10 days, fry breeding density is 1000 tails/m2, open-mouthed bait is fed, presses fish every time
3% forage volume of seedling body weight is fed, and fry body length gradually tames and dociles food when reaching 2cm with mixed feed, periodically uses disinfectant
It kills virus to pond and pond water, usage amount 80ml/m2;
Wherein, fry bait includes the raw material of following parts by weight:50 parts of fishbone dust, 30 parts of leech powder, 20 parts of egg yolk, beans
20 parts of powder, 20 parts of fish oil, 15 parts of felwort, 15 parts of Radix Astragali, 10 parts of kelp, 10 parts of compound amino acid, 5 parts of trace element, Ye Lv
3 parts of element, 3 parts of ascorbic acid;
Wherein, mixed feed includes the raw material of following parts by weight:Ferment 50 parts of lemon dregs, 40 parts of fishbone dust, crude protein powder
30 parts, 20 parts of dried silkworm chrysalis meal, 20 parts of pork liver, 20 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 20 parts of rhizoma cyperi, 20 parts of palma, 20 parts of cordate houttuynia, compound dimension life
10 parts of element, 5 parts of taurine, 3 parts of choline chloride;
Wherein, disinfectant includes the raw material of following parts by weight:20 parts of wood vinegar, 20 parts of heteroauxin, 20 parts of allicin, Huang
Even 10 parts of extracting solution, 5 parts of cetyl benzenesulfonic acid sodium.
Embodiment 2
A kind of artificial breeding method of Homer loach, includes the following steps:
(1) parent population selects:3 more than age sexually matured parent populations are selected, take flowing water culture pond to cultivate parent population, parent population is put in a suitable place to breed close
Degree is 18 tails/m2;
(2) parent population cultivates:In the last week of hastening parturition, feed of hastening parturition is fed, wherein per kilogram hastens parturition and adds 8 grams of biologies in feed
Oxytocins, it is continuous to feed one week;
Wherein, feed of hastening parturition includes the raw material of following parts by weight:55 parts of loach powder, 45 parts of air bladder, 45 parts of oyster shell whiting, dried small shrimp
35 parts, 35 parts of wheat bran, 30 parts of walnut kernel, 25 parts of HERBA EPIMEDII, 25 parts of the fleece-flower root, 25 parts of Chinese yam, 25 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, arginine
12 parts, 8 parts of multi-vitamins;
Wherein, biological oxytocins mixes gained by the raw material powder of following parts by weight:25 parts of rhizome of chuanxiong, 25 parts of the root bark of tree peony, ginseng
20 parts, 15 parts of rhizoma cyperi, 15 parts of onion, 15 parts of jujube, 15 parts of Semen Cuscutae;
(3) artificial induced spawning is fertilized:In Homer loach mating period, sexually matured parent population is selected, injects compound oxytocic hormone,
It is placed in spawning inducing pool, induces its oviposition and sperm drainage;It hastens parturition after 8~10h, by female-male proportion 1:2 combos are put into spawning pond, are carried out
Artificial dry method fertilization;Hatch in incubator by fertilized eggs are evenly laid out, setting incubator temperature is 20 DEG C, and dissolved oxygen content is
8mg/L, the depth of water keep 40cm;Incubator is periodically rocked in hatching process, prevents fertilized eggs from accumulating, entire hatching process shading,
Avoid direct sunlight;
(4) fry rearing:After fertilized eggs in incubator are all hatched 2~7 days, the egg yolk after being cooked and fish are fed
Meat;Hatching is transferred to fry rearing pond after 7~10 days, fry breeding density is 1200 tails/m2, open-mouthed bait is fed, presses fish every time
5% forage volume of seedling body weight is fed, and fry body length gradually tames and dociles food when reaching 2cm with mixed feed, periodically uses disinfectant
It kills virus to pond and pond water, usage amount 100ml/m2;
Wherein, fry bait includes the raw material of following parts by weight:55 parts of fishbone dust, 35 parts of leech powder, 25 parts of egg yolk, beans
25 parts of powder, 25 parts of fish oil, 20 parts of felwort, 18 parts of Radix Astragali, 15 parts of kelp, 12 parts of compound amino acid, 8 parts of trace element, Ye Lv
5 parts of element, 5 parts of ascorbic acid;
Wherein, mixed feed includes the raw material of following parts by weight:Ferment 55 parts of lemon dregs, 45 parts of fishbone dust, crude protein powder
35 parts, 25 parts of dried silkworm chrysalis meal, 25 parts of pork liver, 25 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 25 parts of rhizoma cyperi, 25 parts of palma, 25 parts of cordate houttuynia, compound dimension life
12 parts of element, 8 parts of taurine, 5 parts of choline chloride;
Wherein, disinfectant includes the raw material of following parts by weight:25 parts of wood vinegar, 25 parts of heteroauxin, 25 parts of allicin, Huang
Even 15 parts of extracting solution, 8 parts of cetyl benzenesulfonic acid sodium.
Embodiment 3
A kind of artificial breeding method of Homer loach, includes the following steps:
(1) parent population selects:3 more than age sexually matured parent populations are selected, take flowing water culture pond to cultivate parent population, parent population is put in a suitable place to breed close
Degree is 20 tails/m2;
(2) parent population cultivates:In the last week of hastening parturition, feed of hastening parturition is fed, wherein per kilogram hastens parturition and adds 12 grams of lifes in feed
Object oxytocins, it is continuous to feed one week;
Wherein, feed of hastening parturition includes the raw material of following parts by weight:60 parts of loach powder, 50 parts of air bladder, 50 parts of oyster shell whiting, dried small shrimp
40 parts, 40 parts of wheat bran, 30 parts of walnut kernel, 30 parts of HERBA EPIMEDII, 30 parts of the fleece-flower root, 30 parts of Chinese yam, 30 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, arginine
15 parts, 10 parts of multi-vitamins;
Wherein, biological oxytocins mixes gained by the raw material powder of following parts by weight:30 parts of rhizome of chuanxiong, 25 parts of the root bark of tree peony, ginseng
20 parts, 20 parts of rhizoma cyperi, 20 parts of onion, 20 parts of jujube, 20 parts of Semen Cuscutae;
(3) artificial induced spawning is fertilized:In Homer loach mating period, sexually matured parent population is selected, injects compound oxytocic hormone,
It is placed in spawning inducing pool, induces its oviposition and sperm drainage;It hastens parturition after 8~10h, by female-male proportion 1:2 combos are put into spawning pond, are carried out
Artificial dry method fertilization;Hatch in incubator by fertilized eggs are evenly laid out, setting incubator temperature is 25 DEG C, and dissolved oxygen content is
10mg/L, the depth of water keep 40cm;Incubator is periodically rocked in hatching process, prevents fertilized eggs from accumulating, entire hatching process shading,
Avoid direct sunlight;
(4) fry rearing:After fertilized eggs in incubator are all hatched 2~7 days, the egg yolk after being cooked and fish are fed
Meat;Hatching is transferred to fry rearing pond after 7~10 days, fry breeding density is 1500 tails/m2, open-mouthed bait is fed, presses fish every time
3~8% forage volume of seedling body weight is fed, and gradually food is tamed and dociled with mixed feed when fry body length reaches 2cm, periodically with disinfection
Agent kills virus to pond and pond water, usage amount 120ml/m2;
Wherein, fry bait includes the raw material of following parts by weight:60 parts of fishbone dust, 40 parts of leech powder, 30 parts of egg yolk, beans
30 parts of powder, 30 parts of fish oil, 25 parts of felwort, 20 parts of Radix Astragali, 20 parts of kelp, 10~15 parts of compound amino acid, 10 parts of trace element,
10 parts of chlorophyll, 10 parts of ascorbic acid;
Wherein, mixed feed includes the raw material of following parts by weight:Ferment 60 parts of lemon dregs, 50 parts of fishbone dust, crude protein powder
40 parts, 30 parts of dried silkworm chrysalis meal, 30 parts of pork liver, 30 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 30 parts of rhizoma cyperi, 30 parts of palma, 30 parts of cordate houttuynia, compound dimension life
15 parts of element, 10 parts of taurine, 10 parts of choline chloride;
Wherein, disinfectant includes the raw material of following parts by weight:30 parts of wood vinegar, 30 parts of heteroauxin, 30 parts of allicin, Huang
Even 20 parts of extracting solution, 10 parts of cetyl benzenesulfonic acid sodium.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, Er Qie
In the case of without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Profit requires rather than above description limits, it is intended that all by what is fallen within the meaning and scope of the equivalent requirements of the claims
Variation is included within the present invention.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all the present invention spirit and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of artificial breeding method of Homer loach, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
(1) parent population selects:3 more than age sexually matured parent populations are selected, flowing water culture pond is taken to cultivate parent population, parent population breeding density is
15~20 tails/m2;
(2) parent population cultivates:In the last week of hastening parturition, feed of hastening parturition is fed, wherein per kilogram hastens parturition and adds 5~12 grams of biologies in feed
Oxytocins, it is continuous to feed one week;
(3) artificial induced spawning is fertilized:In Homer loach mating period, sexually matured parent population is selected, compound oxytocic hormone is injected, is placed in
In spawning inducing pool, its oviposition and sperm drainage are induced;It hastens parturition after 8~10h, by female-male proportion 1:2 combos are put into spawning pond, are carried out artificial
Dry method is fertilized;Hatch in incubator by fertilized eggs are evenly laid out;Incubator is periodically rocked in hatching process, prevents fertilized eggs heap
Product, entire hatching process shading avoid direct sunlight;
(4) fry rearing:After fertilized eggs in incubator are all hatched 2~7 days, the egg yolk and the flesh of fish after being cooked are fed;It incubates
Fry rearing pond is transferred to after changing 7~10 days, fry breeding density is 1000~1500 tails/m2, open-mouthed bait is fed, presses fish every time
3~8% forage volume of seedling body weight is fed, and fry body length gradually tames and dociles food when reaching 2cm with mixed feed, is paid attention to clear in pond
Clean disinfection prevents disease.
2. the artificial breeding method of Homer loach according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step is hastened parturition described in (2)
Feed includes the raw material of following parts by weight:50~60 parts of loach powder, 40~50 parts of air bladder, 40~50 parts of oyster shell whiting, dried small shrimp 30~
40 parts, 30~40 parts of wheat bran, 25~30 parts of walnut kernel, 20~30 parts of HERBA EPIMEDII, 20~30 parts of the fleece-flower root, 20~30 parts of Chinese yam,
20~30 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 10~15 parts of arginine, 5~10 parts of multi-vitamins.
3. the artificial breeding method of Homer loach according to claim 1, which is characterized in that biological described in step (2)
Oxytocins mixes gained by the raw material powder of following parts by weight:20~30 parts of rhizome of chuanxiong, 20~25 parts of the root bark of tree peony, 15~20 parts of ginseng,
10~20 parts of rhizoma cyperi, 10~20 parts of onion, 10~20 parts of jujube, 10~20 parts of Semen Cuscutae.
4. the artificial breeding method of Homer loach according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step is hatched described in (3)
Box temperature degree is 15~25 DEG C, and dissolved oxygen content is 5~10mg/L.
5. the artificial breeding method of Homer loach according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step is hatched described in (3)
The depth of water keeps 30~40cm in case.
6. the artificial breeding method of Homer loach according to claim 1, which is characterized in that fry described in step (4)
Bait includes the raw material of following parts by weight:50~60 parts of fishbone dust, 30~40 parts of leech powder, 20~30 parts of egg yolk, bean powder 20
~30 parts, 20~30 parts of fish oil, 15~25 parts of felwort, 15~20 parts of Radix Astragali, 10~20 parts of kelp, compound amino acid 10~15
Part, 5~10 parts of trace element, 3~10 parts of chlorophyll, 3~10 parts of ascorbic acid.
7. the artificial breeding method of Homer loach according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step coordinates described in (4)
Feed includes the raw material of following parts by weight:Ferment 50~60 parts of lemon dregs, 40~50 parts of fishbone dust, 30~40 parts of crude protein powder,
20~30 parts of dried silkworm chrysalis meal, 20~30 parts of pork liver, 20~30 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 20~30 parts of rhizoma cyperi, 20~30 parts of palma, fish raw meat
20~30 parts of grass, 10~15 parts of multi-vitamins, 5~10 parts of taurine, 3~10 parts of choline chloride.
8. the artificial breeding method of Homer loach according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step cleans described in (4)
Disinfection is killed virus to pond and pond water with disinfectant, and usage amount is 80~120ml/m2。
9. the artificial breeding method of Homer loach according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the disinfectant includes as follows
The raw material of parts by weight:20~30 parts of wood vinegar, 20~30 parts of heteroauxin, 20~30 parts of allicin, rhizoma extracting liquid 10~20
Part, 5~10 parts of cetyl benzenesulfonic acid sodium.
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