CN108401831B - Introduction and cultivation method of crowing chrysanthemum - Google Patents
Introduction and cultivation method of crowing chrysanthemum Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C1/00—Ammonium nitrate fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for introducing and cultivating early-maturing chrysanthemums, which comprises the steps of firstly optimizing the optimal time for seedling transplantation according to the biological characteristics of the early-maturing chrysanthemums, reducing the damage of the seedling transplantation to the maximum extent, secondly designing nutrient soil, seedling base fertilizer and leaf fertilizer for seedling transplantation of the early-maturing chrysanthemums according to the growth and development requirements of the early-maturing chrysanthemums, and determining the optimal application time of the leaf fertilizer through a plurality of experiments; the method can ensure the yield and the flowering quality of the high-dawn chrysanthemum after foliar fertilizer treatment is carried out on the dawn chrysanthemum which is planted by cultivation and introduction, and the artificial pinching treatment is not needed in later-stage growth, thereby saving the manpower time, being beneficial to large-scale popularization and application and carrying out industrial production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of planting, in particular to a method for introducing and cultivating crowing chrysanthemum.
Background
The chrysanthemum morifolium ramat is a perennial herb of chrysanthemum of the family Compositae, is bright in color and luxuriant in flowers, has ornamental value, and is more popular among many eaters due to aromatic smell and sweet taste. Research shows that the crowing chrysanthemum contains various components beneficial to human bodies, such as flavonoid substances, zinc, selenium, lutein, amino acid, chancre, choline, stachydrine and the like, particularly, the content of flavone is more than one time higher than that of common medicinal chrysanthemum, and the chrysanthemum has higher value as tea chrysanthemum.
Since the production of the Xiao-ji Huang Ju is from Xiao-ji village in Wu-Source county in the West of the Yangtze river and the limitation of the production area restricts the industrial development, the introduction and cultivation of the Xiao-ji Huang Ju in the area outside the production area is the key to expand the planting scale and realize the industrial development. The traditional chrysanthemum cultivation needs cuttage, fertilization, regular pesticide spraying and the like, is complex to operate, has less related data in the aspect of planting the royaljelly, has no systematic cultivation technology aiming at the biological characteristics of the royaljelly, so that the planting of the royaljelly cannot be popularized in a large area, and in addition, due to unscientific and disordered use of chemical fertilizers, chemical pesticides, growth hormones and the like, the high-yield cultivation of the royaljelly cannot be realized, but the ecological environment of a planting field of the royaljelly is deteriorated.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for introducing and cultivating crowing chrysanthemum.
The invention provides an introduction and cultivation method of dawn Huang chrysanthemum, which comprises the following steps:
1) transplanting seedlings: selecting crowing Huang chrysanthemum seedlings from a chrysanthemum field, digging out the seedlings together with soil within 4-6cm around roots, respectively planting the seedlings into flowerpots filled with nutrient soil, covering polyethylene microporous breathable films, and transporting the seedlings to an introduction field;
2) transplanting: applying base fertilizer to the introduced field, plowing, leveling, raking finely, ditching, making ridges and ridging; transplanting chrysanthemum crowing to 60 × 60 cm, covering soil 3-5 cm, pressing, and watering root fixing water;
3) applying a leaf fertilizer: within one week of transplanting the seedlings of the crowing chrysanthemum and in the bud period of the crowing chrysanthemum, the leaves are treated by applying nitrogen fertilizer by a mist method; wherein the nitrogen fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
0.25-0.3wt% of urea;
0.15-0.2wt% of ammonium nitrate;
0.05-0.08wt% of chitosan oligosaccharide quaternary ammonium salt;
20-25wt% of straw extract;
4) field management: and performing extensive field management on the crowing chrysanthemum seedlings.
Preferably, the crowing chrysanthemum seedlings in step 1) are 1 year old seedlings.
Preferably, the nutrient soil in the step 1) is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
50-55 parts of red loam;
8-10 parts of humus;
8-10 parts of silkworm cocoon shell powder;
6-8 parts of bean dregs;
6-8 parts of longan shell core powder;
0.08-0.1 part of potassium permanganate.
Preferably, the depth of the plough in the step 2) is 20-25 cm; each ridge is 1 meter wide and 7.5 meters long.
Preferably, the dosage of the base fertilizer in the step 2) is 625 kilograms per mu; the base fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
75-80 parts of decomposed organic fertilizer;
8-10 parts of walnut shell powder;
8-10 parts of crushed straw;
6-8 parts of plant ash;
2-3 parts of coal slag powder;
1-2 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer.
Preferably, the root fixing water in the step 2) contains 1-1.5wt% of Bordeaux powder.
Preferably, the straw extract in step 3) is prepared by the following method: pulverizing plant straw into particles with diameter of 0.5-1 cm, adding 5-6 times of tap water containing 5wt% sodium bicarbonate, decocting at 60-90 deg.C for 2 hr, and filtering to remove residue to obtain straw extractive solution.
The invention and the beneficial effects thereof are explained as follows: according to the introduction cultivation method of the crowing chrysanthemum, firstly, the optimal time for seedling transplantation is optimized according to the biological characteristics of the crowing chrysanthemum, the damage of the seedling to the transplantation can be reduced to the greatest extent, secondly, the nutrient soil, the seedling base fertilizer and the foliar fertilizer for seedling transplantation of the crowing chrysanthemum are designed according to the growth and development requirements of the crowing chrysanthemum, and the optimal application time of the foliar fertilizer is determined through a plurality of experiments, so that the seedling is comprehensively managed in the early stage of introduction, and the yield and the flowering quality of the chrysanthemum can be ensured only through extensive management in the later stage of cultivation; after the seedlings of the early-maturing chrysanthemums are transplanted and planted, foliar nitrogen fertilizer treatment is carried out twice, the requirements of growth and development and flowering of the chrysanthemums on nitrogen fertilizer can be fully guaranteed in the seedling stage and the bud stage, manual pinching operation can be replaced, and labor force and time are saved; the chitosan oligosaccharide quaternary ammonium salt in the used nitrogen fertilizer is easy to be absorbed by the leaf of the crow chrysanthemum, the absorption rate of the nitrogen fertilizer can be improved, the chitosan oligosaccharide quaternary ammonium salt also has good metal complexing effect and can promote the absorption of plants on metal elements, the straw extracting solution contains various nutritional ingredients, the nitrogen fertilizer and the straw extracting solution interact, and the absorption of the leaf on the nitrogen fertilizer and the straw extracting solution is effectively promoted; a small amount of Bordeaux powder is added when seedling rooting water is sprayed, so that the chrysanthemum can not be infected with diseases and die in the growth process.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following examples, which provide a method for introducing and cultivating Huanghua chrysanthemum, and the following examples can help those skilled in the art to understand the present invention more fully, but do not limit the present invention in any way.
Example 1
A method for introducing crowing chrysanthemum seedlings from crowing village in Wuyuan county in West of 2016 comprises the following steps:
1) transplanting seedlings: in 22 days after 4 months, in the rainy day, 1 year old crowing Huang chrysanthemum seedlings are selected from a chrysanthemum field in the morning and village in the west of the Yangxi, the seedlings are dug out together with soil within 5cm around the root system, and are respectively planted into flowerpots filled with nutrient soil, and are covered with polyethylene microporous breathable films and transported to an introduction field;
wherein the nutrient soil consists of 50 parts by weight of laterite, 10 parts by weight of humus, 10 parts by weight of silkworm cocoon shell powder, 8 parts by weight of bean dregs, 8 parts by weight of longan shell core powder and 0.8 part by weight of potassium permanganate;
2) transplanting: applying 625 kg of base fertilizer to the introduced field, deeply ploughing the land (20-25 cm), leveling, harrowing, ridging, ditching and making ridges, wherein each ridge is 1 m wide and 7.5 m long; in rainy days, carrying out hole digging transplantation on the Xiao-Huang chrysanthemum seedlings with the planting density of 60 multiplied by 60 cm, covering soil for 3 cm after transplantation, compacting, and watering rooting water containing 1.2wt% of Bordeaux powder once;
the base fertilizer consists of 80 parts by weight of decomposed organic fertilizer, 10 parts by weight of walnut shell powder, 10 parts by weight of straw crushed material, 8 parts by weight of plant ash, 3 parts by weight of coal slag powder and 2 parts by weight of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer.
3) Applying a leaf fertilizer: respectively carrying out nitrogen fertilizer treatment on the leaves by adopting a mist method in 26 days in 4 months and 3 days in 10 months; wherein the nitrogen fertilizer consists of 0.3wt% of urea, 0.15wt% of ammonium nitrate, 0.08wt% of chitosan oligosaccharide quaternary ammonium salt and 25wt% of straw extract; the straw extract is prepared by adding 5wt% of small soda water 6 times the volume of plant straw with the particle size of 0.5-1 cm, decocting at 80 deg.C for 2 hr, filtering to remove residue;
4) field management: carrying out extensive field management on the crowing chrysanthemum seedlings; wherein the seedling stage of the early-maturing Huangju is 3-4 months, the seedling stage is 5-7 months, the bud stage is 10 months, 2 days to 10 months, 19 days, and the flowering stage is 10 months, 24 days to 12 months, 5 days.
Example 2
Step 3) in example 1 is omitted when group A crowing chrysanthemum seedlings are introduced and cultivated, namely, no foliar fertilizer is applied, and the rest steps are the same as example 1.
Example 3
Step 3) of example 1 was omitted in the introduction and cultivation of group C crowing chrysanthemum seedlings, i.e., foliar fertilizer application was not performed, and pinching treatment was periodically performed in step 4), i.e., field management, and the remaining steps were the same as in example 1.
The introduction and cultivation method provided by the scheme can be applied to any breeding place of the queen chrysanthemum, is not limited to a specific introduction place, but in order to help a person skilled in the art to more fully understand the invention, the embodiment specifically observes and records the queen chrysanthemum in the breeding place of Suzhou, and the situation of the queen chrysanthemum in other breeding places is similar to that of Suzhou; the adaptation of introduced Huangdai chrysanthemum according to the method of the present application is observed from the plant height variation, branch number variation, flowering, disease resistance, etc. and group A, group B, and group C are compared.
(1) Plant height variation of the current year of introduction of dawn Huang chrysanthemum
As can be seen from Table 1, the early-maturing Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat grows slower at the early growth stage, then grows rapidly, the plant height increases significantly, the growth rate of the plant is slowed down after the bud stage, and the growth stops almost at the flowering stage. Comparing A, B, C groups of data, the variation range of the plant height of the plant in the group A is the largest during the period from 10 days at 7 months to 25 days at 7 months, the variation range of the plant in the group B is similar to that of the plant in the group C, and is approximately half of the variation range of the plant in the group A, but after 25 days at 7 months, the growth speed of the plant heights of the two groups of plants B, C is increased, the plant heights are gradually close to those of the plant in the group A, the plant heights of the three groups of plants are almost consistent after entering a bud period A, B, C, and the primary judgment that the leaf surface nitrogen fertilizer treatment or pinching treatment has.
TABLE 1 variation of plant height cm of Helichrysum per treatment
(2) The branch number of Xiaozaihuang chrysanthemum
The branches of the plants are one of the important characteristics of the growth and development of the plants, and the number and the proportion of the primary branches and the secondary branches determine the yield and the quality of the chrysanthemum to a certain extent. As can be seen from tables 2 and 3, in the vegetative growth period of the royal chrysanthemum, the primary branches grow and develop sufficiently, the secondary branches grow and develop mainly after the bud stage, the primary branch number almost stops increasing, and the primary branch number and the secondary branch number do not increase any more after 11 months and 10 days; the foliar nitrogen fertilizer treatment or pinching treatment has no influence on the primary branches of the dawn chrysanthemum plants, but has larger influence on the secondary branches of the dawn chrysanthemum plants, thereby being beneficial to the growth and development of the secondary branches of the dawn chrysanthemum plants.
TABLE 2 treatment of the first branch number changes of "Huang" chrysanthemum
TABLE 3 Secondary branch number variation of Chrysanthemum morifolium at the beginning of each treatment
From table 4, it can be seen that spraying foliar nitrogen fertilizer and pinching treatment are beneficial to the growth and development of early-maturing Huangju, the length and internode number of annual flowering branches of B, C groups after treatment are superior to those of the control group A, but not obvious.
TABLE 4 Performance of the growth of the treated Chrysanthemum morifolium
(3) Flowering of dawn Huang Chrysanthemum
As can be seen from Table 5, the early-maturing Huangju flowers in each treatment group well, the flowering period of each individual plant is about 30 days, the flowering period of the whole plant is about 40 days, the effective number of flowers and the small number of flowers of each plant are large on average, and the diameter of the flowers is about 5 cm. Three groups of the. In the flower number index, group B is the highest, and 94 flowers are averaged; the number of C groups, 73 on average; control was lowest, and 56 were averaged. The number of florets in group C is the highest, and 265 florets are averaged; the small flowers in group B were counted several times, and 238 flowers were averaged; the small number of flowers in group A was the least, with an average of only 195 flowers. Analysis table 5 shows that the foliar nitrogen fertilizer treatment or pinching treatment is beneficial to the reproductive growth of the early-maturing Huang chrysanthemum, improves the florets and the effective flowers, and has positive effects on the thickness of the flowers, the thickness of the flowers and the like.
TABLE 5 the appearance of the blossoming condition of the treatment Xiaozaihuang chrysanthemum
(4) Growth characteristics of Xiaozaihuang chrysanthemum
As can be seen from Table 6, the Xiaozaihuang chrysanthemum has strong growth potential, strong stress resistance, certain frost resistance and difficult valve scattering during harvesting. However, it is clear that control group A did not perform as well as B, C, where group B performed as best. Obviously, the leaf surface nitrogenous fertilizer or pinching treatment of the Huangju is beneficial to the growth of the Huangju.
TABLE 6 growth characteristics of the groups of Xiaozaihuang chrysanthemum
| Group of | Growth potential | Stress resistance | Frost resistance | Dispersed petal condition |
| A | General growth tendency | Strong stress resistance | Not severe frosting and flower | With the scattered petals in the middle |
| B | Has strong growth | Strong stress resistance | Not severe frosting and flower | Not seriously scattered petals |
| C | Has strong growth | Strong stress resistance | Flower with less frost | With the scattered petals in the middle |
(5) Disease resistance of dawn Huang chrysanthemum
The experimental observation records that ① Chrysanthemum verticillium wilt, which is the most serious fungal disease of Chrysanthemum and is the most serious disease of Chrysanthemum dawn, leaves yellow and have brown color, leaf vein yellow, plant withering from bottom to top, lasting from 6 months to 12 months, ② Chrysanthemum wilting disease, which is the most serious fungal disease of Chrysanthemum dawn, leaves of diseased plant losing green and becoming brown from bottom to top, leaves of faded green and becoming cup-shaped or bent, and finally leaves of Chrysanthemum wilting and dying, with serious damage, lasting from 7 months to 12 months, ③ Chrysanthemum powdery mildew disease, which is the disease that white mildew layers are generated on two sides of leaves and then black spots appear, high humidity and easy infection, and light damage, lasting from 9 months to 12 months, ④ Chrysanthemum black spot disease, wherein the lower leaves of the lower layer of the chrysanthemum are infected from light yellow to black, the diseased part of the lower layer of the chrysanthemum is partially transparent, the diseased part of the brown spot is connected, the dead leaves of the diseased leaves are suspended above the diseased stem for a period, and the later period of the lower.
According to the research reports of Jiangxing and Pangolian pearl, the serious diseases such as chrysanthemum gray mold, chrysanthemum epidemic disease, chrysanthemum brown spot and the like which are seriously harmed nationwide are reported, but the conditions are not generated in the introduction and planting process of the crow chrysanthemum in the scheme. Although the early-maturing Huangju plants are seriously harmed by the chrysanthemum verticillium wilt and the chrysanthemum black spot, no early-maturing Huangju plant is discovered to die due to infection, and the influence of germs on the plants can be relieved by adding a small amount of Bordeaux powder when spraying root fixing water, all the early-maturing Huangju plants with diseases can normally bloom, and the flowering quality is guaranteed to a certain extent, so that the early-maturing Huangju cultured by the method has certain disease resistance.
The experiment observes the adaptation condition of the introduction and planting of the Huangju from the aspects of growth condition, flowering condition, growth characteristics, disease resistance and the like. From experimental results, the crowing chrysanthemum introduced by the introduction and cultivation method can adapt to climatic conditions, has stronger plant growth vigor and normal growth and development, and has certain frost resistance and stronger stress resistance; the average plant height is 70-80cm, and the plant height is ideal for appreciation and tea picking; from the primary branch and the secondary branch of the royal chrysanthemum, the change of the primary branch and the secondary branch of the royal chrysanthemum obviously accords with each growth and development stage of the royal chrysanthemum, and the yield and the quality of the blossoming of the royal chrysanthemum are determined to a certain extent; none of the cultivated Huangju plants die and wither due to diseases or insect pests, and all indexes of flowering are better in performance. The comprehensive analysis of various indexes shows that the crowing chrysanthemum introduced and cultivated according to the method has strong adaptability to soil and climatic conditions, good growth and better development prospect.
According to the test results, the application or pinching treatment of the Xiao-Huang chrysanthemum is obviously beneficial to the growth, development and flowering of the Xiao-Huang chrysanthemum; furthermore, after foliar fertilizer treatment is carried out on the dawn Huang chrysanthemum which is planted and cultured, artificial pinching treatment is not needed in later-stage growth, so that the yield and the flowering quality of the dawn Huang chrysanthemum can be ensured, the labor time is saved, and the method is favorable for large-scale popularization and application in various places and industrial production.
While embodiments of the invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the applications listed in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in all kinds of fields of application of the invention, and further modifications may readily be effected by those skilled in the art, so that the invention is not limited to the specific details without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. A method for introducing and cultivating dawn chrysanthemum is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) transplanting seedlings: selecting crowing Huang chrysanthemum seedlings from a chrysanthemum field, digging out the seedlings together with soil within 4-6cm around roots, respectively planting the seedlings into flowerpots filled with nutrient soil, covering polyethylene microporous breathable films, and transporting the seedlings to an introduction field;
2) transplanting: applying base fertilizer to the introduced field, plowing, leveling, raking finely, ditching, making ridges and ridging; transplanting chrysanthemum crowing to 60 × 60 cm, covering soil 3-5 cm, pressing, and watering root fixing water;
3) applying a leaf fertilizer: within one week of transplanting the seedlings of the crowing chrysanthemum and in the bud period of the crowing chrysanthemum, the leaves are treated by applying nitrogen fertilizer by a mist method; wherein the nitrogen fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
0.25-0.3wt% of urea;
0.15-0.2wt% of ammonium nitrate;
0.05-0.08wt% of chitosan oligosaccharide quaternary ammonium salt;
20-25wt% of straw extract;
4) field management: and performing extensive field management on the crowing chrysanthemum seedlings.
2. The introduction cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the seedlings of the crowing royal chrysanthemum in step 1) are 1-year old seedlings.
3. The introduction cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the nutrient soil in step 1) is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
50-55 parts of red loam;
8-10 parts of humus;
8-10 parts of silkworm cocoon shell powder;
6-8 parts of bean dregs;
6-8 parts of longan shell core powder;
0.08-0.1 part of potassium permanganate.
4. The introduction cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the depth of the plowing in step 2) is 20-25 cm; each ridge is 1 meter wide and 7.5 meters long.
5. The introduction cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the base fertilizer used in step 2) is 625 kg per mu; the base fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
75-80 parts of decomposed organic fertilizer;
8-10 parts of walnut shell powder;
8-10 parts of crushed straw;
6-8 parts of plant ash;
2-3 parts of coal slag powder;
1-2 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer.
6. The introduction cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the water for rooting in step 2) contains 1-1.5wt% of Bordeaux.
7. The introduction cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the straw extract in step 3) is prepared by the following method: pulverizing plant straw into particles with diameter of 0.5-1 cm, adding 5-6 times of tap water containing 5wt% sodium bicarbonate, decocting at 60-90 deg.C for 2 hr, and filtering to remove residue to obtain straw extractive solution.
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