CN108271601A - A kind of method that Moringa cuts root mycorrhizal seedling raising - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for growing seedlings of Moringa oleifera oleifera through rhizome mycorrhizalization. Moringa seeds, after insecticide and disinfection, are stored in sand to accelerate germination. After the sprouts grow, they are cut and inoculated with bacteria, and then transplanted into the prepared seedling container. Through management and protection, high-quality and strong seedlings of Moringa are cultivated . The method of root-cutting mycorrhized seedling cultivation of the present invention, through the processes of seed treatment, sand storage for germination, container seedling cultivation, etc., and dipping the roots with a special mycorrhizal agent before transplanting, effectively improves the yield and quality of seedlings, The ability of the seedlings to resist diseases and insect pests is enhanced, and the survival rate of the seedlings is high, reaching more than 95%. The root system of the seedlings is developed, and the nursery can be brought out in advance, the cycle of seedlings can be shortened, the cost of seedlings can be reduced, and it has good economic, social and ecological benefits.

Description

A kind of method of Moringa oleifera mycorrhizalization seedling cultivation

technical field

The invention relates to a method for raising plant seedlings, in particular to a method for growing seedlings of Moringa oleifera through truncated root mycorrhizalization.

Background technique

Moringa Oleifera Lam is a perennial plant of the genus Moringa in the family Moringa. It has the characteristics of high calcium, high protein, high fiber, high vitamins, and low fat. It is rich in various minerals and essential amino acids for the human body. Treat hyperlipidemia, high blood pressure, diabetes, enhance physical strength, inhibit germs, expel parasites and other effects. The seeds and leaves of Moringa oleifera are rich in nutrients. It can be regarded as the most valuable universal and magical natural healthy plant in the world. healthy healthy food (food)

At present, the seedling breeding of Moringa oleifera is mainly based on conventional sowing and seedling raising. The seedling stage is vulnerable to damage by diseases and insect pests, and the root system is not developed enough, which has a great impact on the survival rate after afforestation. Many studies have shown that mycorrhizae have beneficial functions for plant growth and survival, can improve plant disease resistance and stress resistance, increase soil activity, improve soil physical and chemical properties, increase soil fertility, and promote plant growth. In order to improve the quality of Moringa oleifera seedlings, according to the growth habit of Moringa oleifera, relevant research was carried out on mycorrhizal seedlings of Moringa oleifera.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method that operability is strong, practical and simple, can effectively reduce seedling raising cost and can improve Moringa oleifera seedling yield and quality simultaneously.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

A method for root cutting and mycorrhizal seedling cultivation of Moringa oleifera, comprising seedbed preparation, seed selection and treatment, sand bed germination, substrate preparation, sprout inoculation and transplanting, and seedling management procedures, by selecting mature and plump Moringa oleifera seeds, After insecticide and disinfection treatment, carry out sand storage to accelerate germination. After the sprouts grow, cut the roots and inoculate the bacteria, and then transplant them into the prepared seedling container, and cultivate high-quality and strong seedlings of Moringa oleifera through management and protection. The main operation steps as follows:

(1) Seedbed preparation: Choose a leeward sunny plot with good drainage as the nursery. After leveling the nursery and removing impurities, use lime to delineate the range of the seedbed on the nursery. The width of each seedbed is 1.2m, and the length depends on the ground. Then spread a layer of fine sand evenly in the seedbed;

(2) Seed selection and treatment: Select fully mature, plump, and defect-free Moringa seeds harvested in the same year, soak the seeds in warm water at 35-40°C for 30 minutes to kill insects, remove them and soak them in clean water 24 hours, change the water 2 to 3 times during the period, and then soak and disinfect the seeds with a potassium permanganate solution with a mass concentration of 0.5% for 1 hour, and finally rinse with clean water repeatedly, drain and set aside;

(3) Sand bed germination: spread 8-10cm thick fresh and clean fine river sand in the sand bed, and fully spray the fine river sand with a potassium permanganate solution with a volume concentration of 0.5-1% 1 day before sowing Disinfection: spread the sterilized seeds evenly on the sand bed, and cover with clean wet sand for 2-3cm, fully drenched with water and covered with plastic film for warming and moisturizing;

(3) Substrate preparation: use topsoil and fully decomposed coconut peat to measure at a volume ratio of 2:1, and add calcium, magnesium, and phosphate fertilizers with a mass percentage of 5% to 8% at the same time, mix well, put them into a nutrition cup, and then neatly Arranged close to the seedbed; one week before sowing, sterilize the nutrition cup with a potassium permanganate solution with a mass concentration of 0.5-1%, cover it with a film, and set it aside;

(4) Sprout inoculation and transplanting: when the sprout grows to a height of 4-5cm, gently dig it out of the sand, then cut off the root tip of the main root with a sterilized blade, and put the root in the fungal agent mud Soak in water for 3 to 5 minutes before transplanting; when transplanting, first use a small wooden stick to make a planting hole in the middle of the prepared nutrition cup, then insert the sprouts into the hole, and gently compact the surrounding substrate, drench thoroughly fixed root water;

(5) Seedling stage management: After the sprouts are transplanted, water them in a timely manner according to the weather conditions to keep the substrate moist. At the same time, use a sunshade net with a shading degree of 50% to 60% to build a small shed for shade; remove the shade after 15 days of transplanting Net, and spray Yuhualing No. 1 solution to the leaves once a day, and then perform routine management until the Moringa oleifera seedlings come out of the nursery.

The fine sand in the seedbed described in the above step (1) has a thickness of 2-3 cm. .

The nutrition cup described in the above step (3) is a 12×14cm plastic nutrition cup.

The bacterial agent slurry described in the above step (4) is to mix the surface glomus species in the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus with the soil at a ratio of 1:1, add water and fully stir to form a slurry with a certain viscosity.

The Yuhualing No. 1 solution described in the above step (5) is prepared by mixing 50ml of Yuhualing stock solution with 30 catties of water.

Compared with prior art, the advantages and positive effects that the present invention has are as follows:

1, the method for root-cutting mycorrhizal seedling cultivation of the present invention, aim at the poor characteristic of Moringa oleifera waterlogging tolerance, spread one deck fine sand earlier on seedbed, can effectively solve the problem of seedbed water accumulation; Simultaneously, the fine sand of seedbed The thickness is controlled at 2-3cm, which can effectively prevent the occurrence of the root-jack phenomenon.

2. The method for root-cutting mycorrhizal seedling cultivation of the present invention, through processes such as seed treatment, sand storage for germination, and container seedling cultivation, and before transplanting, dip the roots with a special mycorrhizal agent, effectively improving the output and production of seedlings. The quality of the seedlings enhances the ability of the seedlings to resist diseases and insect pests, and the survival rate of the seedlings is high, reaching over 95%.

3. The method for cultivating seedlings by root cutting and mycorrhizalization of the present invention has low seedling cost, simple process operation, convenient operation, suitable for popularization, and has good economic, social and ecological benefits.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

Example 1:

Choose a leeward, sunny and well-drained plot as a nursery. After leveling the nursery and removing impurities, use lime to delineate the range of the seedbed on the nursery. The width of each seedbed is 1.2m, and the length depends on the site. Evenly spread a layer of fine sand with a thickness of 2 to 3 cm. Select fully mature, plump, and defect-free Moringa oleifera seeds harvested in the same year, soak the seeds in warm water at 35°C for 30 minutes to kill insects, remove them and soak them in clean water for 24 hours, and change the water 2 to 3 times during the period. Then soak and sterilize the seeds with 0.5% potassium permanganate solution for 1 hour, and finally rinse with clean water repeatedly, drain and set aside.

Spread 8-10cm thick fresh and clean fine river sand in the sand bed, spray the fine river sand with a volume concentration of 0.5% potassium permanganate solution 1 day before sowing for disinfection; spread the sterilized seeds evenly On the sand bed, cover it with clean wet sand for 2 to 3 cm, and cover it with plastic film to increase temperature and moisturize after fully drenched with water.

Choose topsoil and fully decomposed coconut peat to measure at a ratio of 2:1 by volume, and add calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer with a mass percentage of 5% at the same time, mix well, put it into a 12×14cm plastic nutrition cup, and then arrange it neatly close to each other On the seedbed; one week before sowing, sterilize the nutrition cup with a 0.5% potassium permanganate solution, cover it with a film, and set it aside.

When the sprouts in the sand bed grow to a height of 4 to 5 cm, gently dig them out of the sand, then cut off the root tip of the main root with a sterilized blade, soak the root in the bacterial agent mud for 3 minutes, and then remove it. Among them, the fungus slurry is to mix the surface glomus species in the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus with the soil at a ratio of 1:1, add water and fully stir to form a slurry with a certain viscosity. When transplanting, first use a small wooden stick to make a planting hole in the middle of the prepared nutrition cup, then insert the sprouts into the hole, and gently compact the surrounding matrix, and drench the rooting water.

After the sprouts are transplanted, water them in a timely manner according to the weather conditions to keep the substrate moist. At the same time, use a sunshade net with a shading degree of 50% to build a small shed for shade; remove the shade net 15 days after transplanting the seedlings, and spray 1 The Yuhualing No. 1 solution prepared with 50ml of Yuhualing stock solution mixed with 30 jin of water for the first time, and then routinely managed until the Moringa oleifera seedlings emerge from the nursery. After 40 days of transplanting, the survival rate reached 97.6%. According to the sampling survey, the average seedling height: 31.5cm, the average ground diameter: 0.38cm, the average root number: 22, the average root length: 10.8 cm, which meet the requirements for the nursery.

Example 2:

In September 2016, choose a leeward, sunny plot with good drainage as the nursery. After leveling the nursery and removing impurities, use lime to delineate the range of the seedbed on the nursery. The width of each seedbed is 1.2m, and the length depends on the land. Set, and then evenly spread a layer of fine sand with a thickness of 2 to 3 cm in the seedbed. Select fully mature, plump, and defect-free Moringa oleifera seeds harvested in the same year, soak the seeds in warm water at 38°C for 30 minutes to kill insects, remove them and soak them in clean water for 24 hours, and change the water 2 to 3 times during the period. Then soak and sterilize the seeds with 0.5% potassium permanganate solution for 1 hour, and finally rinse with clean water repeatedly, drain and set aside.

Spread 9-10cm thick fresh and clean fine river sand in the sand bed, spray the fine river sand with a volume concentration of 0.8% potassium permanganate solution 1 day before sowing for disinfection; spread the sterilized seeds evenly On the sand bed, cover it with clean wet sand for 2 to 3 cm, and cover it with plastic film to increase temperature and moisturize after fully drenched with water.

Choose topsoil and fully decomposed coconut peat to measure at a ratio of 2:1 by volume, and add calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer with a mass percentage of 6% at the same time, mix well, put it into a 12×14cm plastic nutrition cup, and then arrange it neatly close to each other On the seedbed; one week before sowing, sterilize the nutrition cup with a potassium permanganate solution with a mass concentration of 0.8%, cover it with a film, and set it aside.

When the sprouts in the sand bed grow to a height of 4-5cm, gently dig them up from the sand, then cut off the root tip of the main root with a sterilized blade, soak the root in the fungal agent mud for 4 minutes, and then remove it. Among them, the fungus slurry is to mix the surface glomus species in the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus with the soil at a ratio of 1:1, add water and fully stir to form a slurry with a certain viscosity. When transplanting, first use a small wooden stick to make a planting hole in the middle of the prepared nutrition cup, then insert the sprouts into the hole, and gently compact the surrounding matrix, and drench the rooting water.

After the sprouts are transplanted, water them in a timely manner according to the weather conditions to keep the substrate moist. At the same time, use a sunshade net with a shading degree of 55% to build a small shed for shade; remove the shade net 15 days after transplanting the seedlings, and spray 1 The Yuhualing No. 1 solution prepared with 50ml of Yuhualing stock solution mixed with 30 jin of water for the first time, and then routinely managed until the Moringa oleifera seedlings emerge from the nursery. After 40 days of transplanting, the survival rate reached 96.2%. According to the sampling survey, the average seedling height: 30.2cm, the average ground diameter: 0.32cm, the average root number: 18, and the average root length: 13.0cm, which meet the requirements for going out of the nursery.

Example 3:

In October 2016, choose a leeward, sunny plot with good drainage as the nursery. After leveling the nursery and removing impurities, use lime to delineate the range of the seedbed on the nursery. The width of each seedbed is 1.2m, and the length depends on the ground. Set, and then evenly spread a layer of fine sand with a thickness of 2 to 3 cm in the seedbed. Select fully mature, plump, and defect-free Moringa oleifera seeds harvested in the same year, soak the seeds in warm water at 40°C for 30 minutes to kill insects, remove them and soak them in clean water for 24 hours, and change the water 2 to 3 times during the period. Then soak and sterilize the seeds with 0.5% potassium permanganate solution for 1 hour, and finally rinse with clean water repeatedly, drain and set aside.

Spread fresh and clean fine river sand with a thickness of 9-10 cm in the sand bed, and spray the fine river sand with a potassium permanganate solution with a volume concentration of 1% 1 day before sowing to disinfect the fine river sand; spread the sterilized seeds evenly On the sand bed, cover it with clean wet sand for 2 to 3 cm, and cover it with plastic film to increase temperature and moisturize after fully drenched with water.

Choose topsoil and fully decomposed coconut peat to measure at a ratio of 2:1 by volume, and add calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer with a mass percentage of 8% at the same time, mix well, put it into a 12×14cm plastic nutrition cup, and then arrange it neatly close to each other On the seedbed; one week before sowing, sterilize the nutrition cup with a 1% potassium permanganate solution, cover it with a film, and set it aside.

When the sprouts in the sand bed grow to a height of 4-5cm, gently dig them out of the sand, then cut off the root tip of the main root with a sterilized blade, soak the root in the microbial slurry for 5 minutes, and then remove it. Among them, the fungus slurry is to mix the surface glomus species in the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus with the soil at a ratio of 1:1, add water and fully stir to form a slurry with a certain viscosity. When transplanting, first use a small wooden stick to make a planting hole in the middle of the prepared nutrition cup, then insert the sprouts into the hole, and gently compact the surrounding matrix, and drench the rooting water.

After the sprouts are transplanted, water them in a timely manner according to the weather conditions to keep the substrate moist, and at the same time, use a shade net with a shading degree of 60% to build a small shed for shade; remove the shade net 15 days after transplanting the seedlings, and spray it on the leaves once a day The Yuhualing No. 1 solution prepared by mixing 50ml of Yuhualing stock solution with 30 jin of water is then routinely managed until the Moringa oleifera seedlings come out of the nursery. After 40 days of transplanting, the survival rate reached 95.8%. According to the sampling survey, the average seedling height: 27.5cm, the average ground diameter: 0.28cm, the average root number: 23, the average root length: 13.6cm, which meet the requirements for the nursery.

Claims (5)

1. a method for growing seedlings of Moringa oleifera cut root mycorrhizalization, is characterized in that: comprise seedbed preparation, seed selection and processing, sand bed vernalization, substrate preparation, sprout inoculation and transplanting, seedling stage management operation, by selecting mature The plump Moringa seeds, after insecticide and disinfection, are sand-stored to accelerate germination. After the sprouts grow, they are cut and inoculated with bacteria, and then transplanted into the prepared seedling container. Through management and protection, high-quality Moringa is cultivated. Strong seedlings, the main steps are as follows: (1) Seedbed preparation: Choose a leeward sunny plot with good drainage as the nursery. After leveling the nursery and removing impurities, use lime to delineate the range of the seedbed on the nursery. The width of each seedbed is 1.2m, and the length depends on the ground. Then spread a layer of fine sand evenly in the seedbed; (2) Seed selection and treatment: Select fully mature, plump, and defect-free Moringa seeds harvested in the same year, soak the seeds in warm water at 35-40°C for 30 minutes to kill insects, remove them and soak them in clean water 24 hours, change the water 2 to 3 times during the period, and then soak and disinfect the seeds with a potassium permanganate solution with a mass concentration of 0.5% for 1 hour, and finally rinse with clean water repeatedly, drain and set aside; (3) Sand bed germination: spread 8-10cm thick fresh and clean fine river sand in the sand bed, and fully spray the fine river sand with a potassium permanganate solution with a volume concentration of 0.5-1% 1 day before sowing Disinfection: spread the sterilized seeds evenly on the sand bed, and cover with clean wet sand for 2-3cm, fully drenched with water and covered with plastic film for warming and moisturizing; (3) Substrate preparation: use topsoil and fully decomposed coconut peat to measure at a volume ratio of 2:1, and add calcium, magnesium, and phosphate fertilizers with a mass percentage of 5% to 8% at the same time, mix well, put them into a nutrition cup, and then neatly Arranged close to the seedbed; one week before sowing, sterilize the nutrition cup with a potassium permanganate solution with a mass concentration of 0.5-1%, cover it with a film, and set it aside; (4) Sprout inoculation and transplanting: when the sprout grows to a height of 4-5cm, gently dig it out of the sand, then cut off the root tip of the main root with a sterilized blade, and put the root in the fungal agent mud Soak in water for 3 to 5 minutes before transplanting; when transplanting, first use a small wooden stick to make a planting hole in the middle of the prepared nutrition cup, then insert the sprouts into the hole, and gently compact the surrounding substrate, drench thoroughly fixed root water; (5) Seedling stage management: After the sprouts are transplanted, water them in a timely manner according to the weather conditions to keep the substrate moist. At the same time, use a sunshade net with a shading degree of 50% to 60% to build a small shed for shade; remove the shade after 15 days of transplanting Net, and spray Yuhualing No. 1 solution to the leaves once a day, and then perform routine management until the Moringa oleifera seedlings come out of the nursery. 2 . The method for root cutting and mycorrhiza growing seedlings of Moringa oleifera according to claim 1 , characterized in that: the fine sand in the seedbed described in step (1) has a thickness of 2 to 3 cm. 3 . 3 . The method for mycorrhized seedling cultivation of Moringa oleifera according to claim 1 , wherein the nutritional cup described in step (3) is a 12×14 cm plastic nutritional cup. 4 . 4. A kind of method for mycorrhized seedling cultivation of Moringa oleifera according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the inoculum agent mud described in step (4) is the ground surface glomus in the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Mix the seed and soil in a ratio of 1:1, add water and fully stir to form a slurry with a certain consistency. 5. A method for growing seedlings of Moringa oleifera root cuttings according to claim 1, characterized in that: the Yuhualing No. 1 solution described in step (5) is mixed with 50ml of Yuhualing stock solution for 30 jin made with water.