CN108150587A - 一种轨道交通用液压衬套的注液方法 - Google Patents

一种轨道交通用液压衬套的注液方法 Download PDF

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CN108150587A
CN108150587A CN201611161939.1A CN201611161939A CN108150587A CN 108150587 A CN108150587 A CN 108150587A CN 201611161939 A CN201611161939 A CN 201611161939A CN 108150587 A CN108150587 A CN 108150587A
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liquid
hydraulic bushing
injection hole
rail traffic
airtight
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丁行武
夏勇
吴明珠
陈柏松
邹波
罗旦
姜其斌
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Zhuzhou Times New Material Technology Co Ltd
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Zhuzhou Times New Material Technology Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
    • F16F13/04—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
    • F16F13/06—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/08—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
    • F16F13/04—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
    • F16F13/06—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/08—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/14—Units of the bushing type, i.e. loaded predominantly radially
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
    • F16F13/04—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
    • F16F13/06—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/08—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/14—Units of the bushing type, i.e. loaded predominantly radially
    • F16F13/1481—Units of the bushing type, i.e. loaded predominantly radially characterised by features of plastic springs, e.g. presence of cavities or stiffeners; characterised by features of flexible walls of equilibration chambers, i.e. membranes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
    • F16C32/06—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings
    • F16C32/0629—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a liquid cushion, e.g. oil cushion
    • F16C32/0633—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a liquid cushion, e.g. oil cushion the liquid being retained in a gap
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/38—Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self- adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves, e.g. sliding axles, swinging axles
    • B61F5/42—Adjustment controlled by buffer or coupling gear
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/50—Other details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
    • F16F13/04—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
    • F16F13/06—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/08—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/14—Units of the bushing type, i.e. loaded predominantly radially
    • F16F13/1445—Units of the bushing type, i.e. loaded predominantly radially characterised by method of assembly, production or treatment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
    • F16F13/04—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
    • F16F13/06—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/08—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/14—Units of the bushing type, i.e. loaded predominantly radially
    • F16F13/1463—Units of the bushing type, i.e. loaded predominantly radially characterised by features of passages between working chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/10—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system
    • F16F15/16—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using a fluid or pasty material
    • F16F15/165—Sealing arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/43—Filling or drainage arrangements, e.g. for supply of gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2222/00—Special physical effects, e.g. nature of damping effects
    • F16F2222/12—Fluid damping
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2230/00—Purpose; Design features
    • F16F2230/06—Fluid filling or discharging

Abstract

本发明提供一种轨道交通用液压衬套的注液方法，包括如下步骤：1)在液压衬套的外套上设置注液孔，在液压衬套的橡胶主簧外周上设置流道形成向液压衬套的密闭液室注液的注液通道，将注液孔与流道对接连通；2)对待注入液体抽真空；3)通过注液孔对液压衬套的密闭液室抽真空；4)将待注入液体通过注液孔注入密闭液室，直至注满为止本发明具有保证了密闭液室的真空度要求，且加工简单、精度高的优点。

Description

一种轨道交通用液压衬套的注液方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2016年12月02日提交的中国专利申请CN201611095592.5和于2016年12月02日提交的中国专利申请CN201611096400.2的优先权，其全部内容通过引用并入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及轨道交通领域，尤其涉及轨道交通用液压衬套的注液方法。
背景技术
现有的液压衬套产品都是应用于汽车悬架领域，主要满足产品低频大刚度、大阻尼或高频小刚度、小阻尼的要求，以达到快速衰减振动及降噪的目的，目前液压衬套在轨道交通领域没有相关应用。现有汽车上的液压衬套通常采用在液压衬套的芯轴开通注液流道的方式实现注液，即流体通过芯轴轴向注液通道、径向注液通道进入芯轴外部的液室。现有的注液方法液室的真空度很难达到保证，造成液压衬套动态性能低，流体流动有噪声等现象；由于轴向注液流道长，其无法快速注液，且容易在轴孔中残留流体，效率低、造成浪费；同时，轴向注液流道长，且注液孔小，使得加工时钻头的偏摆大，加工困难，无法有效保证注液孔的加工精度，且加工径向注液通道，成本高，生产效率低。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术的不足，提供一种保证了密闭液室的真空度要求，且加工简单、精度高的轨道交通用液压衬套的注液方法。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提出的技术方案为：
一种轨道交通用液压衬套的注液方法，包括如下步骤：
1)在液压衬套的外套上设置注液孔，在液压衬套的橡胶主簧外周上设置流道形成向液压衬套的密闭液室注液的注液通道，将注液孔与流道对接连通；
2)对待注入液体抽真空；
3)通过注液孔对液压衬套的密闭液室抽真空；
4)将待注入液体通过注液孔注入密闭液室，直至注满为止。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进：
在步骤1)中，将橡胶主簧中部的流道加工为螺旋流道，将橡胶主簧两侧的流道加工为环形流道，将注液孔与环形流道对接连通。
在步骤1)中，将螺钉依次插入注液孔及环形流道，检测注液孔与环形流道是否完全对接连通。
在步骤1)中，采用硅油将橡胶主簧过盈压装于外套内。
在步骤3)中，实时检测密闭液室的气压，当气压小于等于0.005bar时，停止抽真空。
在步骤4)中，实时观察密闭液室注入量，当注入液体溢出注液孔时停止注液。
在步骤4)后，采用密封件将注液孔密封，将密封件周边采用密封胶密封。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点在于：
本发明将注液孔直接设置于衬套外套上，流道设于橡胶主簧的外周上，将注液孔与流道连通，通过注液孔、流道即可快速向密闭液室注液，注液效率高，且注液孔竖直设置，不易残留流体；直接在衬套外套上钻孔即可加工注液孔，加工简单、精度高。同时，本发明采用待注入液体抽真空、密闭液室抽真空先后两次抽真空的方法有效保证了密闭液室的真空度要求，液压衬套动态性能优、流体流动无噪声。
附图说明
在下文中将基于实施例并参考附图来对本发明进行更详细的描述。其中：
图1为本发明的检测方法流程示意图。
图2是本发明的立体结构示意图。
图3是本发明的主剖视图。
图中各标号表示：
1、橡胶主簧；11、芯轴；12、第一橡胶体；13、尼龙体；14、流道；2、衬套外套；21、注液孔；3、橡胶辅簧；31、第二橡胶体；32、支撑环；33、第一密封垫片；34、第二密封垫片；4、密封件。
具体实施方式
下将结合说明书附图和具体实施例对本发明做进一步详细说明，但并不因此而限制本发明的保护范围。
如图1所示，本实施例的轨道交通用液压衬套的注液方法，包括如下步骤：
1)在液压衬套的衬套外套2上设置注液孔21，在液压衬套的橡胶主簧1外周上设置流道15形成向液压衬套的密闭液室注液的注液通道，将注液孔21与流道15对接连通；
2)对待注入液体抽真空；
3)通过注液孔21对液压衬套的密闭液室抽真空；
4)将待注入液体通过注液孔21注入密闭液室，直至注满为止。
本发明将注液孔21直接设置于衬套外套2上，流道15设于橡胶主簧1的外周上，将注液孔21与流道15连通，通过注液孔21、流道15即可快速向密闭液室注液，注液效率高，且注液孔21竖直设置，不易残留流体；直接在衬套外套2上钻孔即可加工注液孔21，加工简单、精度高。同时，本发明采用待注入液体抽真空、密闭液室抽真空先后两次抽真空的方法有效保证了密闭液室的真空度要求，液压衬套动态性能优、流体流动无噪声。
本实施例中，在步骤1)中，将橡胶主簧1中部的流道15加工为螺旋流道，将橡胶主簧1两侧的流道15加工为环形流道，将注液孔21与环形流道对接连通，，使得衬套外套2发生微小转动偏差时也能保证注液孔21与流道15有效对接，降低了注液孔21与流道15之间的配合难度，保证注液效果。
本实施例中，在步骤1)中，将螺钉依次插入注液孔21及流道15，检测注液孔21与流道15是否完全对接连通，当螺钉完全插入流道15内则保证了注液孔21与流道15的完全对准。
本实施例中，在步骤1)中，将橡胶主簧1过盈压装于衬套外套2内，压装时采用常温加硅油的方式进行压装，既能保证压装又能保证有效密封。
本实施例中，在步骤3)中，实时检测密闭液室的气压，当气压小于等于0.005bar时，停止抽真空；本实施例中，在步骤4)中，实时观察密闭液室注入量，当注入液体溢出注液孔21时停止注液。采用实时监测的方式保证了密闭液室的真空度、密封要求。
本实施例中，在步骤4)后，采用密封件4将注液孔21密封，将密封件4周边采用密封胶密封，其方便对密闭液室进行抽真空处理及流体的补给或更换，特别是在基本结构已经确定的基础上，在需要调整产品的性能时，可通过流体粘度的选择来调整产品性能，以满足客户需求。本实施例中，密封件4可拆卸的安装于注液孔21内，密封件4为螺钉。
如图2、图3示出了轨道交通用液压衬套的实施例，本发明的液压衬套用于高速动车组转向架的转臂定位领域，可实现宽范围的刚度调整，即在直线运动过程中，液压衬套处于大刚度状态，车辆可快速行驶、稳定性高，火车在转弯过程中，液压衬套处于小刚度状态，变形空间大，可实现柔性过弯。本实施例中，液压衬套包括橡胶主簧1及衬套外套2，衬套外套2套设于橡胶主簧1的外侧，橡胶主簧1设有两密闭液室及流道15，流道15设于橡胶主簧1的外周并连通两密闭液室，两密闭液室提供流体的流动空间，流体注满于密闭液室及流道15内，提供液压衬套不同频率下的不同刚度特性，同时，流体可阻尼耗能，衰减振动、防止共振，有效减小了轮缘磨耗，提高了部件使用寿命。
本实施例中，轨道交通用液压衬套还包括两橡胶辅簧3，两橡胶辅簧3用于提供液压衬套轴向刚度，两个橡胶辅簧3通过衬套外套2密封压装于橡胶主簧1的两端，橡胶主簧1与两橡胶辅簧3的配合形式，可实现多方向刚度的匹配，通过调整液压衬套的径向刚度和轴向刚度比例，可满足客户的不同设计需求。
本实施例中，橡胶主簧1包括依次套设的芯轴11、第一橡胶体12及尼龙体13，芯轴11与第一橡胶体12及第一橡胶体12与尼龙体13均为硫化连接，且流道15设于尼龙体13的外周上，流道15采用聚酰胺材料，两密闭液室设于第一橡胶体12内，衬套外套2套设于尼龙体13外；同时，芯轴11与转向架的构架连接，衬套外套2与转向架的定位转臂连接，在火车行驶过程中，液压衬套一直处于受载荷的状态，即转向架的定位转臂施加作用力给衬套外套2，在火车直线行驶时，处于高速状态，此时激励频率高，定位转臂振幅小，液压衬套内的液体来不及移动，形成动态硬化，使得动刚度比较大，刚度越大、车振幅小，实现了轨道交通的快速行驶，牵引、稳定；在火车过弯行驶时，处于低速状态，此时激励频率低、振幅大，定位转臂对液压衬套的衬套外套2形成挤压，使得液压衬套内的流体流动，此时只有橡胶本身的刚度，刚度减小，可变形空间增大，实现了火车柔性过弯。
本实施例中，两密闭液室对称布置于芯轴11的两侧，密闭液室为真空密闭环形结构，两侧的密闭液室通过流道15连通，在火车行驶、液压衬套处于受载荷的状态下，高压密闭液室的流体通过流道15向低压密闭液室流动，实现液压衬套的刚度调节和阻尼耗能效应，提高列车直线段高频振动下的稳定性及低速过曲线能力，并最终实现减小轮缘磨耗、提高部件使用寿命。
本实施例中，橡胶辅簧3还包括第二橡胶体31、支撑环32、第一密封垫片33及第二密封垫片34，支撑环32套设于芯轴11上，第二橡胶体31通过支撑环32安装于芯轴11上，第一密封垫片33与第二密封垫片34设置于第二橡胶体31内，第一密封垫片33与第二密封垫片34分设于支撑环32的内外两侧，并与衬套外套2配合实现液压衬套的有效密封。
本实施例中，橡胶主簧1、橡胶辅簧3与衬套外套2为过盈压装，采用常温加硅油的方式进行压装，既能保证压装又能保证有效密封，同时，第二密封垫片34的外侧设有圆角，衬套外套2两端的内壁设有凹槽以形成翻边，翻边贴合于第二密封垫片34外侧，进一步保证了液压衬套的有效密封。本实施例中，橡胶主簧1、橡胶辅簧3压装至衬套外套2时应注意保证对准。
虽然已经参考优选实施例对本发明进行了描述，但在不脱离本发明的范围的情况下，可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本发明并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (7)

1.一种轨道交通用液压衬套的注液方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
1)在液压衬套的外套上设置注液孔，在液压衬套的橡胶主簧外周上设置流道形成向液压衬套的密闭液室注液的注液通道，将注液孔与流道对接连通；
2)对待注入液体抽真空；
3)通过注液孔对液压衬套的密闭液室抽真空；
4)将待注入液体通过注液孔注入密闭液室，直至注满为止。
2.根据权利要求1所述的轨道交通用液压衬套的注液方法，其特征在于，在步骤1)中，将橡胶主簧中部的流道加工为螺旋流道，将橡胶主簧两侧的流道加工为环形流道，将注液孔与环形流道对接连通。
3.根据权利要求2所述的轨道交通用液压衬套的注液方法，其特征在于，在步骤1)中，将螺钉依次插入注液孔及环形流道，检测注液孔与环形流道是否完全对接连通。
4.根据权利要求1所述的轨道交通用液压衬套的注液方法，其特征在于，在步骤1)中，采用硅油将橡胶主簧过盈压装于外套内。
5.根据权利要求1至4任意一项所述的轨道交通用液压衬套的注液方法，其特征在于，在步骤3)中，实时检测密闭液室的气压，当气压小于等于0.005bar时，停止抽真空。
6.根据权利要求5所述的轨道交通用液压衬套的注液方法，其特征在于，在步骤4)中，实时观察密闭液室注入量，当注入液体溢出注液孔时停止注液。
7.根据权利要求1至4任意一项所述的轨道交通用液压衬套的注液方法，其特征在于，在步骤4)后，采用密封件将注液孔密封，将密封件周边采用密封胶密封。
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