CN108094768A - It cultivates wriggler stalk fermentation matrix and its cultivates wriggler method - Google Patents
It cultivates wriggler stalk fermentation matrix and its cultivates wriggler method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108094768A CN108094768A CN201711285453.3A CN201711285453A CN108094768A CN 108094768 A CN108094768 A CN 108094768A CN 201711285453 A CN201711285453 A CN 201711285453A CN 108094768 A CN108094768 A CN 108094768A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/90—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for insects, e.g. bees or silkworms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cultivation wriggler stalk fermentation matrix and its cultivate wriggler method, it is to cultivate wriggler as the bait in the biological feed of economic aquatic animal, the particularly feeding process of fancy fishes, salmon seedling, eel seedling, the cultivation of juvenile crab and young soft-shelled turtle by the use of stalk resource；Wriggler fish meal is cultivated using of the invention, yield is high and stablizes, and average every square metre of cultivation period can cultivate fresh 2 kilograms or so of wriggler, and total production cycle yield per acre is up to 1,000 1300 kilograms；Measuring, containing crude protein 62.6%, crude fat 25.3% in wriggler dry matter；The present invention is the stalks of agricultural wastes through biological treatment, it is allowed to generate the mosquitoes such as substantial amounts of carbohydrate, bacterium and unicellular alga and its favorite food of larva wriggler, high-quality animal feed steady in a long-term can be provided for aquaculture product by cultivating wriggler, aquaculture cost is reduced, improve culture benefit and forms quality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquaculture fields, and in particular to cultivate wriggler stalk fermentation matrix and its cultivate wriggler method.
Background technology
At present, aquatic products total output in China's produces about 60,000,000 tons or so per year, wherein 40,000,000 tons of aquaculture yield with
On, aquaculture product has accounted for more than the 70% of world's aquaculture product total amount.In aquaculture, feed cost is cultivation
The chief component of cost, proportion 40-50% are high up to 60%.
Our province is the great source of agricultural development, wherein stalk resource very abundant, and actual available have 39,600,000 tons
（National 2.5 hundred million tons of maize straw or more）, and be directly used at present utilization less than 43.5%, many stalks are all by agriculture
People's on-site incineration, not only environmental pollution is serious, but also is also serious loss as the effective energy.It is produced using stalk
Animal fodder can not only improve aquatic products quality and cultivation survival rate, can also save substantial amounts of feed cost every year.
Wriggler category Insecta, the larva of Diptera mosquito are the interstages that mosquito is grown to pupa by ovum, by the ovum of mosquito
Hatch in water.English name：Wriggler.Body one is bent one and is stretched when wriggler is swum, and is commonly called as wiggler, and also worm is learned by the side of crying.
Wriggler body is elongated, in dark brown, using the bacterium in water and unicellular alga as food.The history of life of mosquito include ovum, larva,
Pupa, 4 part of adult：General ovum 1-2 days；The wriggler phase（Aquatic larval phase）5-7 days, pupa is just grown into after undergoing 4 decortications；Pupa 2-
3 days；Adult eclosion is extremely laid eggs 3-7 days；Entire 1-2 weeks or so the generation.It is about 1000-3000 that every female mosquito all one's life, which lays eggs total,
A, ovum is generally originated in the water surface by they, hatches into wriggler two days later.Body is parallel with the water surface when wriggler breathes, if frightened
It dives into the water at once.Wriggler breeding is fast, nutritive value is high, after measured, containing crude protein 62.6%, crude fat in dry matter
25.3%, it is the open-mouthed bait of many aquatic animal seed phase eatings.
At present, the cultivation of ornamental value fish and the famous-particular-excellent fish based on salmon fishes have developed rapidly, these fish
In juvenile fish stage mainly using aquatic insect larva as food, wriggler is the Major Foods in these young fish stages.These fish
It is exactly juvenile fish stage to be most difficult to the foster stage, and the main problem for influencing its cultivation survival rate is just the absence of that sufficient, nutrition is complete
, tasty feed.Wriggler suitable size, palatability are good；Nutrition is comprehensive, can promote the growth and development of the economic animal young.Cause
On this, the stalk resource enriched by the use of China cultivates wriggler as the biological feed of economic aquatic animal, particularly in ornamental fish
In class, salmon seedling, eel seedling, the cultivation of juvenile crab and the feeding process of young soft-shelled turtle, sufficient wriggler is cultivated as feed with very heavy
The effect wanted.
The content of the invention
Environmental pollution and the wasting of resources are caused the purpose of the present invention is to solve crop straw burning and juvenile fish lacks and fills
Foot, nutrition is complete, feed and the problem of cause survival rate low, and provide and cultivate wriggler stalk fermentation matrix and its cultivate lonely
Jue methods.
Wriggler stalk fermentation matrix is cultivated, it is prepared by following methods：
1）40-60 grams of stover ferment agent, EM bacterium solution 0.4-0.6 liters, 0.3-1.0 kilograms of brown sugar, 3-8 kilograms of water；Wheat bran or rice bran
30-70 kilograms；
2）It is prepared by fermenting microbe：Brown sugar is soluble in water, it boils, cools down, add in stover ferment agent, EM bacterium solutions, stir evenly, it is close
Seal ferment；It is mixed thoroughly after dilution with bran；
3）Stalk fermentation：Fermenting microbe is mixed thoroughly with the straw powder prepared, and water content reaches 70-90%, is deposited in culture pond,
It is sealed with plastic cloth, 14 DEG C with top fermentation 7-10 days；
Step 1）Described in 50 grams of stover ferment agent, 0.5 liter of EM bacterium solutions, 0.5 kilogram of brown sugar, 5 kilograms of water；Wheat bran or rice bran 50
Kilogram；
Step 2）Described in the sealing and fermenting time be 5 days；
Step 3）Described in straw powder, be that clean corn, the stalk of rice are ground into 20 mesh straw powders；
Step 3）Described in straw powder additive amount be 1000 kilograms；The water content is 80%.
Stalk cultivates wriggler method, it includes：
1）Build the pond of 10-100 square metres of area, 50-70 centimetres of pond depth, East and West direction arrangement；Water inlet is paired with discharge outlet
Linea angulata arranges, and is blocked into discharge outlet 60 mesh sieve tulles envelope；When water temperature rise to 14 DEG C or more, temperature at 17 DEG C or more when,
Mosquito just starts oviposition breeding, can carry out wriggler cultivation；Water temperature does not exceed 32 DEG C in culture pond；
2）It is prepared by strain：The each group of fermenting microbe is divided into：Stover ferment agent, EM bacterium solutions, brown sugar, water, wheat bran or rice bran；By brown sugar
It is soluble in water, it boils, cools down, add in stover ferment agent, EM bacterium solutions, stir evenly, be sealed by fermentation, until snuffing sour fragrance road；
It is mixed thoroughly after dilution with wheat bran or rice bran, fermenting microbe is made；
3）Cultivation wriggler stalk fermentation matrix paving described in claim 1 is sprinkled upon 15-25 cm thicks in culture pond, then to training
It educates and adds water in pond, make 25-35 centimetres of pool inner water depth, the water surface is less than, along 8-15 centimetres, pond top covers plastic cloth 2-3 on pond
My god；
4）Wriggler is cultivated：Water temperature reach 16 DEG C or more, 20 DEG C of temperature or more when, the plastic cloth on culture pond is opened, attracts mosquito
The sudden oviposition breeding of son, that completes wriggler introduces a fine variety work；A large amount of wrigglers are just had after 3 days to hatch；
5）Fishing utilizes：When a large amount of wrigglers occur, small drawing is made with the net that aperture is 1.5 millimeters every fishing in 3 days once
Net fishing；
Step 3）Described in deep 30 centimetres of pool inner water.
The present invention provides cultivating wriggler stalk fermentation matrix and its cultivating wriggler method, it is cultivated using stalk resource
Wriggler makes its biological feed as economic aquatic animal, particularly fancy fishes, salmon seedling, eel seedling, the cultivation of juvenile crab and young
Bait in the feeding process of soft-shelled turtle；Wriggler is cultivated using the present invention, yield is high and stablizes, and average one every square metre is cultivated week
Phase can cultivate fresh 2 kilograms or so of wriggler, and total production cycle yield per acre is up to 1000-1300 kilograms；Measuring,
Containing crude protein 62.6%, crude fat 25.3% in wriggler dry matter；The present invention through biological treatment, is allowed to the stalks of agricultural wastes
The mosquitoes such as substantial amounts of carbohydrate, bacterium and unicellular alga and its favorite food of larva wriggler are generated, it is certain so as to cultivate
Tasty feed of the wriggler of yield as famous-particular-excellent fish, plays good effect；It can be aquaculture product to cultivate wriggler
High-quality animal feed steady in a long-term is provided, reduces aquaculture cost, improve culture benefit and forms quality.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1 cultivates wriggler method
Yanbian, Jilin Province migration fishes breeding farm has carried out the cultivation of wriggler, has shared 3 culture ponds, cultivates specific method such as
Under：
1st, culture pond prepares:
Selection builds up specification as three of the ㎡ of 2m × 5m=10 ㎡, 2m × 8m=16 ㎡, 2m × 10m=20 close to there is the place at water source
Culture pond, pond is 60 centimetres deep, East and West direction arrangement.The paired linea angulata of water inlet and discharge outlet arranges, into discharge outlet with 60 mesh sieve tulles
Envelope is blocked, and prevents that harmful organisms enter.Cooled down in the top capping mat shelter for cultivating pond with time shading in full summer, make culture pond
Interior water temperature does not exceed 32 DEG C.
2nd, breeding method
1）It is prepared by stalk
It is spare that the stalk of the crops such as clean corn, rice is ground into 20 mesh powders.
2）It is prepared by strain
By taking the 1000 kilograms of stalks that ferment as an example：Prepare 0.5 bag of agriculture Citroen zx stover ferment agent, 0.5 liter of EM bacterium solutions, 0.5 kilogram of brown sugar,
5 kilograms of water；50 kilograms of wheat bran or rice bran；0.5 kilogram of brown sugar is boiled with 1 kg of water, then boiled brown sugar water is added in surplus
Under 4 kg of water in；0.5 liter of 0.5 bag of agriculture Citroen zx stover ferment agent, EM bacterium solutions whole are poured into water after water is cool, stirred evenly,
It is sealed by fermentation 5 days；Will ferment out stalk fermentation dilution agent after and 50 kilograms of wheat bran（Or rice bran）It mixes thoroughly, zymophyte is made
Kind.
3）Stalk fermentation
The straw powder that the above-mentioned fermenting microbe cured is prepared with 1000 kilograms is mixed thoroughly, water content is made to reach 80%, is then stacked
In culture pond fermentation 10 days is sealed with plastic cloth；The straw powder fermented paving is sprinkled upon 20 cm thick in culture pond, so
Add water in backward culture pond, make pool inner water 30 centimetres deep；Plastic cloth will be covered above the pond of injecting good water 3 days, allow in stalk
Nutriment is fully dissolved into water body.
4）Wriggler is cultivated
Plastic cloth on culture pond to be opened, mosquito smells taste fragrant and sweet in culture pond, starts oviposition breeding of flying here in large quantities,
Just complete wriggler at this time introduces a fine variety work；A large amount of wrigglers have been begun to after 3 days to hatch.
5）Fishing utilizes
When a large amount of wrigglers occur, every fishing in 3 days once, wriggler is caught totally every time, in order to avoid a large amount of mosquitoes grow, is influenced
Environment.Method is：Small seine fishing is made for the net of 1.5 millimeters with aperture.The wriggler part caught out is used to feed,
It is a part of quick-frozen spare.
3rd, result is cultivated
That cultivates wriggler feed the results are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 2 cultivates wriggler method
Wriggler culture experiment has been carried out in the state-run fishing ground in Jiutai City of Jilin Province, has tested 5 culture ponds altogether, it is as follows to cultivate result：
1st, culture pond prepares
Selection has the place at close water source, builds up culture pond 5 of the specification for the ㎡ of 2m × 5m=10, pond is 60 centimetres deep, and East and West direction is arranged
Row.Water inlet is arranged with the paired linea angulata of discharge outlet, is blocked into discharge outlet 60 mesh sieve tulles envelope, is prevented that harmful organisms enter.
The top capping mat shelter for cultivating pond is cooled down with time shading in full summer, and water temperature in culture pond is made not exceed 32 DEG C.
2nd, breeding method
1）It is prepared by stalk
It is spare that the stalk of the crops such as clean corn, rice is ground into 20 mesh powders.
2）It is prepared by strain
By taking the 1000 kilograms of stalks that ferment as an example：Prepare 0.5 bag of agriculture Citroen zx stover ferment agent, 0.5 liter of EM bacterium solutions, 0.5 kilogram of brown sugar,
5 kilograms of water；50 kilograms of wheat bran or rice bran；0.5 kilogram of brown sugar is boiled with 1 kg of water, then boiled brown sugar water is added in surplus
Under 4 kg of water in.0.5 liter of 0.5 bag of agriculture Citroen zx stover ferment agent, EM bacterium solutions whole are poured into water after water is cool, stirred evenly,
It is sealed by fermentation 5 days；Will ferment out stalk fermentation dilution agent after and 50 kilograms of wheat bran（Or rice bran）It mixes thoroughly, zymophyte is made
Kind.
3）Stalk fermentation
The straw powder that the above-mentioned fermenting microbe prepared is prepared with 1000 kilograms is mixed thoroughly, water content is made to reach 80%, Ran Houdui
It is placed in culture pond and seals fermentation 10 days with plastic cloth；The straw powder fermented paving is sprinkled upon 20 cm thick in culture pond,
Then add water into culture pond, make pool inner water 30 centimetres deep.Plastic cloth will be covered above the pond of injecting good water 3 days, allow in stalk
Nutriment be fully dissolved into water body.
4）Wriggler is cultivated
Plastic cloth on culture pond to be opened, mosquito smells taste fragrant and sweet in culture pond, starts oviposition breeding of flying here in large quantities,
Just complete wriggler at this time introduces a fine variety work；A large amount of wrigglers have been begun to after 3 days to hatch.
5）Fishing utilizes
When a large amount of wrigglers occur, every fishing in 3 days once, wriggler is caught totally every time, in order to avoid a large amount of mosquitoes grow, is influenced
Environment.Method is：Small seine fishing is made for the net of 1.5 millimeters with aperture.The wriggler part caught out is used to feed,
It is a part of quick-frozen spare.
The results are shown in Table 2 for cultivation.
The result of above-described embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 statistics is shown in Table 3.Go out from the experimental results, test 96 square metres twice,
200 kilograms fresh of wriggler of common property, average 2.1 kilograms of wriggler of every square metre of production.The present invention is the stalks of agricultural wastes through life
Object processing, is allowed to generate the mosquitoes such as substantial amounts of carbohydrate, bacterium and unicellular alga and its favorite food of larva wriggler, so as to train
Tasty feed of the wriggler as famous-particular-excellent fish of certain yield has been brought out, has played good effect.
Wriggler breeding is fast, nutritive value is high, through our measurings, contains crude protein 62.6%, crude fat in dry matter
25.3%, it is the open-mouthed bait of many aquatic animal seed phase eatings, is even more salmon, sturgeon, mandarin fish, carp, crucian, loach, baby
The high-quality feed of the fish such as baby fish and swamp eel.High-quality animal feeding steady in a long-term can be provided for aquaculture product by cultivating wriggler
Material reduces aquaculture cost, improves culture benefit and forms quality.With the fast development of famous-brand and high-quality special aquaculture industry, wriggler
Animal feeds is waited increasingly to be favored be subject to numerous culturists." a kind of method of stalk culture wriggler feed " is utilized to cultivate wriggler
Stable yield, yield are high, and average every square metre of cultivation period can cultivate fresh 2 kilograms or so of wriggler, add up to one per acre
Production cycle yield is up to 1000-1300 kilograms, based on 20 yuan of existing market juvenile fish fresh food lowest price per kilogram, per acre
The output value is up to ten thousand yuan of 2-2.6, and can have a net gain ten thousand yuan of 1.5-2.0.
。
Claims (7)
1. cultivating wriggler stalk fermentation matrix, it is prepared by following methods：
1）40-60 grams of stover ferment agent, EM bacterium solution 0.4-0.6 liters, 0.3-1.0 kilograms of brown sugar, 3-8 kilograms of water；Wheat bran or rice bran
30-70 kilograms；
2）It is prepared by fermenting microbe：Brown sugar is soluble in water, it boils, cools down, add in stover ferment agent, EM bacterium solutions, stir evenly, it is close
Seal ferment；It is mixed thoroughly after dilution with bran；
3）Stalk fermentation：Fermenting microbe is mixed thoroughly with the straw powder prepared, and water content reaches 70-90%, is deposited in culture pond,
It is sealed with plastic cloth, 14 DEG C with top fermentation 7-10 days.
2. cultivation wriggler stalk fermentation matrix according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 2）Described in sealing hair
The ferment time is 5 days.
3. cultivation wriggler stalk fermentation matrix according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Step 1）Described in stalk hair
50 grams of ferment agent, 0.5 liter of EM bacterium solutions, 0.5 kilogram of brown sugar, 5 kilograms of water；50 kilograms of wheat bran or rice bran.
4. cultivation wriggler stalk fermentation matrix according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Step 3）Described in stalk
Powder is that clean corn, the stalk of rice are ground into 20 mesh straw powders.
5. the cultivation wriggler stalk fermentation matrix according to claim 2,3 or 4, it is characterised in that：Step 3）Described in
Straw powder additive amount is 1000 kilograms；The water content is 80%.
6. stalk cultivates wriggler method, it includes：
1）Build the pond of 10-100 square metres of area, 50-70 centimetres of pond depth, East and West direction arrangement；Water inlet is paired with discharge outlet
Linea angulata arranges, and is blocked into discharge outlet 60 mesh sieve tulles envelope；When water temperature rise to 14 DEG C or more, temperature at 17 DEG C or more when,
Mosquito just starts oviposition breeding, can carry out wriggler cultivation；Water temperature does not exceed 32 DEG C in culture pond；
2）It is prepared by strain：The each group of fermenting microbe is divided into：Stover ferment agent, EM bacterium solutions, brown sugar, water, wheat bran or rice bran；By brown sugar
It is soluble in water, it boils, cools down, add in stover ferment agent, EM bacterium solutions, stir evenly, be sealed by fermentation, until snuffing sour fragrance road；
It is mixed thoroughly after dilution with wheat bran or rice bran, fermenting microbe is made；
3）Cultivation wriggler stalk fermentation matrix paving described in claim 1 is sprinkled upon 15-25 cm thicks in culture pond, then to training
It educates and adds water in pond, make 25-35 centimetres of pool inner water depth, the water surface is less than, along 8-15 centimetres, pond top covers plastic cloth 2-3 on pond
My god；
4）Wriggler is cultivated：Water temperature reach 16 DEG C or more, 20 DEG C of temperature or more when, the plastic cloth on culture pond is opened, attracts mosquito
The sudden oviposition breeding of son, that completes wriggler introduces a fine variety work；A large amount of wrigglers are just had after 3 days to hatch；
5）Fishing utilizes：When a large amount of wrigglers occur, small drawing is made with the net that aperture is 1.5 millimeters every fishing in 3 days once
Net fishing.
7. stalk according to claim 6 cultivates wriggler method, it is characterised in that：Step 3）Described in pool inner water deep 30
Centimetre.
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| CN112655652A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2021-04-16 | 王金成 | Underwater three-dimensional breeding method |
| CN113337292A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-09-03 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Preparation method of lignite-straw-based degraded saline-alkali wetland restoration agent |
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