CN107211964A - Selenium-enriched earthworm cultural method - Google Patents
Selenium-enriched earthworm cultural method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107211964A CN107211964A CN201710371240.6A CN201710371240A CN107211964A CN 107211964 A CN107211964 A CN 107211964A CN 201710371240 A CN201710371240 A CN 201710371240A CN 107211964 A CN107211964 A CN 107211964A
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- earthworm
- stalk
- selenium
- phagostimulant
- enriched
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- 241000361919 Metaphire sieboldi Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 174
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229940091258 selenium supplement Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium selenite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Se]([O-])=O BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229960001471 sodium selenite Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011781 sodium selenite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 235000015921 sodium selenite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010828 animal waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- -1 softening stalk Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 29
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 16
- 241000235342 Saccharomycetes Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 241000186046 Actinomyces Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 241000223261 Trichoderma viride Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 244000241257 Cucumis melo Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4,6-bis(cyanoamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CNC1=NC(NC#N)=NC(NC#N)=N1 FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011430 Malus pumila Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015103 Malus silvestris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009368 vermiculture Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000099147 Ananas comosus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000007119 Ananas comosus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000189799 Asimina triloba Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000006264 Asimina triloba Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000036905 Benincasa cerifera Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011274 Benincasa cerifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000004936 Bromus mango Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009467 Carica papaya Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000241235 Citrullus lanatus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012828 Citrullus lanatus var citroides Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009847 Cucumis melo var cantalupensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000220225 Malus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007228 Mangifera indica Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014826 Mangifera indica Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000302512 Momordica charantia Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009811 Momordica charantia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009812 Momordica cochinchinensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000018365 Momordica dioica Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000008790 Musa x paradisiaca Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000018290 Musa x paradisiaca Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000220324 Pyrus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009184 Spondias indica Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021017 pears Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000385540 bacterium 10 Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000019813 microcrystalline cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000008108 microcrystalline cellulose Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229940016286 microcrystalline cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 description 4
- 229920000168 Microcrystalline cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 206010039921 Selenium deficiency Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 241000282898 Sus scrofa Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000223259 Trichoderma Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005915 ammonolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004176 ammonification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021120 animal protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 231100000693 bioaccumulation Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019621 digestibility Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
- A01K67/0332—Earthworms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of cultural method of selenium-enriched earthworm, it comprises the following steps：1) stalk is handled：Stalk is crushed, is placed in together with ammoniacal liquor in obturator, microwave softened is carried out, softening terminates, softening stalk is obtained；2) preparation of matrix is cultivated：Animal wastes, softening stalk, microbial inoculum are mixed in proportion with sodium selenite, fermentation maturity is carried out, end of becoming thoroughly decomposed adds earthworm phagostimulant, mixes, and obtains earthworm cultivation substratum；3) feeding management：Earthworm cultivation substratum is laid on culturing bed, and the phagostimulant in the sprinkling of surface, is added earthworm seedling, is cultivated, keeps the water content of earthworm cultivation substratum, every 5~10 days addition identical earthworm cultivation substratums and is sprayed phagostimulant on surface, is cultivated 45~50 days；4) earthworm harvests.The advantages of cultural method of the selenium-enriched earthworm of the present invention has fast growth, yield height and good selenium-rich effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultural method of earthworm, more particularly to a kind of cultural method of selenium-enriched earthworm.
Background technology
Selenium is the necessary trace element of humans and animals, and it can promote the growth of animal, and development, raising immunity and reduction are dead
Rate is died, but China belongs to the country of serious selenium deficiency, is tiltedly worn from three provinces in the northeast of China to the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, accounts for Chinese area
There is one low selenium area in 72% area, wherein 30% is that serious selenium deficiency is regional, the natural food Se content such as grain is relatively low.China
The big and medium-sized cities such as north, northeast, northwest belong to selenium deficiency area.Some areas of middle 12 provinces and cities of state-two, about 700,000,000 people life
In low selenium area, most area Selenium In Foods content is in below 0.02mg/kg, and southeastern coast is Chinese district rich in selenium, also only
There is 0.10mg/kg, be minimum as defined in the United Nations's health organization.Do not reach daily that everyone is 40 micro- in Chinese population food still
Standard selenium-supply level more than gram, especially selenium deficiency area crowd, it more difficult to the purpose of selenium-supply is reached from food.
Earthworm contains the nutriments such as abundant amino acid, vitamin and the mineral matter element of a large amount of protein, species, is one
Plant good animal protein feed.Inorganic selenium is directly added in the cultivation matrix of earthworm by traditional cultural method, although earthworm
Earthworm serves certain enrichment to inorganic selenium, but inorganic selenium is also the survival it will be evident that earthworm to the toxic side effect of earthworm
Rate is reduced with the raising of inorganic Se content in cultivation matrix, causes the not good of earthworm selenium-rich effect.
The content of the invention
The earthworm for growing quick and efficiently concentrating Organic Selenium the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of earthworm is supported
Grow method.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：A kind of selenium-enriched earthworm support
Method is grown, it comprises the following steps：
1) stalk is handled：Stalk is crushed, is placed in together with ammoniacal liquor in obturator, microwave softened is carried out, softening terminates,
Obtain softening stalk；
2) preparation of matrix is cultivated：Animal wastes, softening stalk, microbial inoculum are mixed in proportion with sodium selenite, sent out
Ferment becomes thoroughly decomposed, and adds earthworm phagostimulant after end of becoming thoroughly decomposed, mixes, obtains earthworm cultivation substratum；
3) feeding management：Earthworm cultivation substratum is laid on culturing bed, and the phagostimulant in the sprinkling of surface, adds earthworm kind
Seedling, is cultivated, and keeps the water content of earthworm cultivation substratum, every 5~10 days addition identical earthworm cultivation substratums and in table
Phagostimulant is sprayed in face, cultivates 45~50 days；
4) earthworm harvests：Wormcast is successively scraped off under light illumination, drives earthworm to get into culturing bed lower floor, is collected under culturing bed
On the earthworm of layer, the big basket for being placed in 3~5 millimeters of aperture, basket decentralization collection vessel, under light illumination, earthworm pierce the lower appearance of sieve automatically
Device, obtains selenium-enriched earthworm.
Preferably, described stalk is the one or more in maize straw, wheat stalk, rice straw, powder of straw
Broken size is 0.01~1cm, and the mass fraction of described ammoniacal liquor is 10~20%, and the mass ratio of stalk and ammoniacal liquor is 10：(3
~5), the time of described microwave softened is 5~10h, and temperature is 110~150 DEG C.
Preferably, described animal wastes are the one or more in pig manure, cow dung, chicken manure, described animal wastes,
The mass ratio for softening stalk, microbial inoculum and sodium selenite each component is (40~50)：(30~50)：(1~3)：(0.05~0.1).
Preferably, described microbial inoculum is saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, photosynthetic bacteria, actinomyces, green
In trichoderma and white-rot fungi, wherein microbial inoculum the mass percent number of each component be saccharomycete 15~25%, lactic acid bacteria 10~15%,
Bacillus subtilis 10~15%, photosynthetic bacteria 5~10%, actinomyces 10~15%, Trichoderma viride 10~15% and white rot are true
Bacterium 25~35%.
Preferably, the time of described fermentation maturity is 6~8 days, and the addition of described phagostimulant is cultivation matrix
The 2~5% of gross mass.
Preferably, the preparation method of described phagostimulant is that 1~2Kg rotten melon and fruit is worn into slurries, adds sub- selenium
Sour 10~20mg of sodium, 100~200g of molasses, 5~10g of microcrystalline cellulose and 10~20g of orange peel powder are well mixed to be obtained.
Preferably, described rotten melon and fruit be wax gourd, balsam pear, pawpaw, apple, banana, pears, pineapple, watermelon, muskmelon,
One or more in "Hami" melon, mango.
Preferably, described earthworm seedling is compatriot love victory earthworm, and the water content of described earthworm cultivation substratum is 50
~70%.
Advantages of the present invention：The stalk softening method of the inventive method, bating effect good feature short with the softening time,
The utilization rate of stalk can be improved；Stalk with animal wastes add sodium selenite together with fermentation maturity, sodium selenite is through micro- life
Thing effect is converted to Organic Selenium, reduces toxicity of the selenium element to earthworm, improves the ability of earthworm selenium-rich, makes the selenium-rich of earthworm
Ability improves more than 300%, and stalk passes through the decomposition of microorganism, not only increases mycoprotein content, the utilization of stalk
Rate also improves more than 5%；Phagostimulant is added in cultivation matrix, the desire of ingesting of earthworm can be increased, strengthen its digestion power, is promoted
Enter its growth, make the output increased more than 15% of earthworm.
Embodiment
Further advantage, target and the feature of the present invention embodies part by following explanation, and part will also be by this
The research and practice of invention and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Following embodiments are used to further illustrate but be not limited to the present invention.
A kind of a kind of way of realization of the cultural method of selenium-enriched earthworm of the present invention of embodiment 1, it comprises the following steps：
1) stalk is handled：Stalk is crushed, is placed in together with ammoniacal liquor in obturator, microwave softened is carried out, softening terminates,
Obtain softening stalk；
2) preparation of matrix is cultivated：Animal wastes, softening stalk, microbial inoculum are mixed in proportion with sodium selenite, sent out
Ferment becomes thoroughly decomposed, and adds earthworm phagostimulant after end of becoming thoroughly decomposed, mixes, obtains earthworm cultivation substratum；
3) feeding management：Earthworm cultivation substratum is laid on culturing bed, and the phagostimulant in the sprinkling of surface, adds earthworm kind
Seedling, carries out vermiculture, keeps the water content of earthworm cultivation substratum, every 5 days addition identical earthworm cultivation substratums and in table
Phagostimulant is sprayed in face, cultivates 50 days；
4) earthworm harvests：Wormcast is successively scraped off under light illumination, drives earthworm to get into culturing bed lower floor, is collected under culturing bed
On the earthworm of layer, the big basket for being placed in 5 millimeters of aperture, basket decentralization collection vessel, under light illumination, earthworm pierce the lower container of sieve automatically,
Obtain selenium-enriched earthworm.
It is longer the time required to straw ammoniation softening, the effect of microwave is added during ammonification softens, can effectively be subtracted
The time softened less, the efficiency of softening is improved, while the effect of microwave also makes the bating effect of stalk more preferably, it is microorganism or earthworm
The enzyme of earthworm secretion acts more easily on cellulose；Fermented after stalk is softened together with animal wastes, the degraded of stalk can be improved
Rate；Sodium selenite is added during becoming thoroughly decomposed, inorganic sodium selenite can be made to be converted into Organic Selenium, reduction inorganic selenium is to earthworm
Toxic side effect, also cause the effect of earthworm bioaccumulation selenium more preferably, compared with the concentration effect of inorganic selenium is used alone, using having
The selenium-rich effect of machine selenium earthworm is high more than 3 times.
A kind of a kind of way of realization of the cultural method of selenium-enriched earthworm of the present invention of embodiment 2, it comprises the following steps：
1) stalk is handled：By 100kg corn straw smashings, pulverized size is 1cm, with the ammoniacal liquor that mass fraction is 20%
30kg is placed in obturator together, is heated using microwave, and 10h is softened in 110 DEG C, and softening terminates, and obtains softening stalk；
2) preparation of matrix is cultivated：Animal wastes, softening stalk, microbial inoculum are mixed in proportion with sodium selenite, sent out
Ferment becomes thoroughly decomposed, and adds earthworm phagostimulant after end of becoming thoroughly decomposed, mixes, obtains earthworm cultivation substratum；
3) feeding management：Earthworm cultivation substratum is laid on culturing bed, and the phagostimulant in the sprinkling of surface, adds earthworm kind
Seedling, is cultivated, and keeps the water content of earthworm cultivation substratum, every 5 days addition identical earthworm cultivation substratums and in surface spray
Phagostimulant is spilt, is cultivated 45 days；
4) earthworm harvests：Wormcast is successively scraped off under light illumination, drives earthworm to get into culturing bed lower floor, is collected under culturing bed
On the earthworm of layer, the big basket for being placed in 3 millimeters of aperture, basket decentralization collection vessel, under light illumination, earthworm pierce the lower container of sieve automatically,
Obtain selenium-enriched earthworm.
Composition (such as cellulose, hemicellulose are decomposed) decomposed is easily decomposed in the heating process of microwave, in stalk, is made
Ammonia is more easy to occur ammonolysis reaction with organic substance, by ammonolysis reaction, and ester bond between destruction lignin and polysaccharide weakens lignin
Contacting between cellulose, makes stalk be easier to be decomposed by the microorganisms.
A kind of a kind of way of realization of the cultural method of selenium-enriched earthworm of the present invention of embodiment 3, it comprises the following steps：
1) stalk is handled：By 100kg corn straw smashings, pulverized size is 1cm, with the ammoniacal liquor that mass fraction is 10%
50kg is placed in obturator together, is heated using microwave, and 150 DEG C of softening 5h, softening terminates, and obtains softening stalk；
2) preparation of matrix is cultivated：Swine excrement, softening stalk, microbial inoculum are mixed in proportion with sodium selenite, it is swine excrement, soft
The mass ratio for changing stalk, microbial inoculum and sodium selenite mixture each component is 50：30：1：0.1 carries out fermentation maturity, and end of becoming thoroughly decomposed adds
Enter earthworm phagostimulant, mix, obtain earthworm cultivation substratum；
3) feeding management：Earthworm cultivation substratum is laid on culturing bed, and the phagostimulant in the sprinkling of surface, adds earthworm kind
Seedling, is cultivated, and keeps the water content of earthworm cultivation substratum, every 10 days addition identical earthworm cultivation substratums and in surface spray
Phagostimulant is spilt, is cultivated 45 days；
4) earthworm harvests：Wormcast is successively scraped off under light illumination, drives earthworm to get into culturing bed lower floor, is collected under culturing bed
On the earthworm of layer, the big basket for being placed in 3 millimeters of aperture, basket decentralization collection vessel, under light illumination, earthworm pierce the lower container of sieve automatically,
Obtain selenium-enriched earthworm.
A kind of a kind of way of realization of the cultural method of selenium-enriched earthworm of the present invention of embodiment 4, it comprises the following steps：
1) stalk is handled：By 100kg corn straw smashings, pulverized size is 0.5cm, with the ammoniacal liquor that mass fraction is 10%
50kg is placed in obturator together, is heated using microwave, and 150 DEG C of softening 5h, softening terminates, and obtains softening stalk；
2) preparation of matrix is cultivated：By cow dung just, softening stalk, microbial inoculum mixed in proportion with sodium selenite, cow dung just, it is soft
The mass ratio for changing stalk, microbial inoculum and sodium selenite each component is 50：30：1：0.1, described microbial inoculum is saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, withered
Mass percent shared by each component in careless bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, actinomyces, Trichoderma viride and white-rot fungi, wherein microbial inoculum
Number is saccharomycete 15%, lactic acid bacteria 10%, bacillus subtilis 10%, photosynthetic bacteria 10%, actinomyces 10%, Trichoderma viride
15% and white-rot fungi 30%, fermentation maturity is carried out, end of becoming thoroughly decomposed adds earthworm phagostimulant, mixes, and obtains earthworm cultivation substratum；
3) feeding management：Earthworm cultivation substratum is laid on culturing bed, and the phagostimulant in the sprinkling of surface, adds earthworm kind
Seedling, is cultivated, and keeps the water content of earthworm cultivation substratum, every 10 days addition identical earthworm cultivation substratums and in surface spray
Phagostimulant is spilt, is cultivated 45 days；
4) earthworm harvests：Wormcast is successively scraped off under light illumination, drives earthworm to get into culturing bed lower floor, is collected under culturing bed
On the earthworm of layer, the big basket for being placed in 3 millimeters of aperture, basket decentralization collection vessel, under light illumination, earthworm pierce the lower container of sieve automatically,
Obtain selenium-enriched earthworm.
Effective decomposition can be carried out to stalk by adding microbial inoculum, and it is mycoprotein to make the carbohydrate-modifying of stalk,
Make earthworm digesting and assimilating more fully to stalk, the utilization rate of raising stalk.
A kind of a kind of way of realization of the cultural method of selenium-enriched earthworm of the present invention of embodiment 5, it comprises the following steps：
1) stalk is handled：By 100kg corn straw smashings, pulverized size is 0.5cm, with the ammoniacal liquor that mass fraction is 15%
45kg together, is placed in obturator, is heated using microwave, and 130 DEG C of softening 7h, softening terminates, and obtains softening stalk；
2) preparation of matrix is cultivated：By cow dung just, softening stalk, microbial inoculum mixed in proportion with sodium selenite, cow dung just, it is soft
The mass ratio for changing stalk, microbial inoculum and sodium selenite each component is 50：30：1：0.1, described microbial inoculum is saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, withered
Mass percent shared by each component in careless bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, actinomyces, Trichoderma viride and white-rot fungi, wherein microbial inoculum
Number is saccharomycete 15%, lactic acid bacteria 10%, bacillus subtilis 10%, photosynthetic bacteria 10%, actinomyces 10%, Trichoderma viride
15% and white-rot fungi 30%, carry out fermentation maturity 6 days, become thoroughly decomposed and terminate the phagostimulant for adding earthworm cultivation substratum gross mass 2%,
Mix, obtain earthworm cultivation substratum；
3) feeding management：Earthworm cultivation substratum is laid on culturing bed, and the phagostimulant in the sprinkling of surface, adds earthworm kind
Seedling, is cultivated, and keeps the water content of earthworm cultivation substratum, every 10 days addition identical earthworm cultivation substratums and in surface spray
Phagostimulant is spilt, is cultivated 45 days；
4) earthworm harvests：Wormcast is successively scraped off under light illumination, drives earthworm to get into culturing bed lower floor, is collected under culturing bed
On the earthworm of layer, the big basket for being placed in 3 millimeters of aperture, basket decentralization collection vessel, under light illumination, earthworm pierce the lower container of sieve automatically,
Obtain selenium-enriched earthworm.
Increase phagostimulant can increase the desire of ingesting of earthworm, promote the growth of earthworm, make the output increased 10% of earthworm with
On.
A kind of a kind of way of realization of the cultural method of selenium-enriched earthworm of the present invention of embodiment 6, it comprises the following steps：
1) stalk is handled：By 100kg corn straw smashings, pulverized size is 0.5cm, with the ammoniacal liquor that mass fraction is 15%
45kg is placed in obturator together, is heated using microwave, and 130 DEG C of softening 7h, softening terminates, and obtains softening stalk；
2) preparation of matrix is cultivated：By cow dung just, softening stalk, microbial inoculum mixed in proportion with sodium selenite, cow dung just, it is soft
The mass ratio for changing stalk, microbial inoculum and sodium selenite mixture each component is 50：30：1：0.1, described microbial inoculum is saccharomycete, breast
Quality shared by each component in sour bacterium, bacillus subtilis, photosynthetic bacteria, actinomyces, Trichoderma viride and white-rot fungi, wherein microbial inoculum
Percentage number is saccharomycete 15%, lactic acid bacteria 10%, bacillus subtilis 10%, photosynthetic bacteria 10%, actinomyces 10%, green
Color trichoderma 15% and white-rot fungi 30%, carry out fermentation maturity 6 days, become thoroughly decomposed and terminate to add the 2% of earthworm cultivation substratum gross mass
Phagostimulant, the preparation method of described phagostimulant is that 1Kg rotten melon and fruit is worn into slurries, adds sodium selenite 10mg, sugar
Sweet 100g, microcrystalline cellulose 10g and orange peel powder 10g, earthworm cultivation substratum are mixed with phagostimulant, obtain earthworm cultivation substratum；
3) feeding management：Earthworm cultivation substratum is laid on culturing bed, and the phagostimulant in the sprinkling of surface, adds earthworm kind
Seedling, is cultivated, and keeps the water content of earthworm cultivation substratum, every 7 days addition identical earthworm cultivation substratums and in surface spray
Phagostimulant is spilt, is cultivated 45 days；
4) earthworm harvests：Wormcast is successively scraped off under light illumination, drives earthworm to get into culturing bed lower floor, is collected under culturing bed
On the earthworm of layer, the big basket for being placed in 3 millimeters of aperture, basket decentralization collection vessel, under light illumination, earthworm pierce the lower container of sieve automatically,
Obtain selenium-enriched earthworm.
It can increase the desire of ingesting of earthworm by adding molasses, promote the growth of earthworm；It can be increased by adding microcrystalline cellulose
Plus in earthworm body cellulase secretion, improve stalk digestibility；Earthworm inner chamber can be stimulated by adding orange peel powder, raising disappears
Rate.
A kind of a kind of way of realization of the cultural method of selenium-enriched earthworm of the present invention of embodiment 7, it comprises the following steps：
1) stalk is handled：By 100kg corn straw smashings, pulverized size is 0.5cm, with the ammoniacal liquor that mass fraction is 15%
45kg is placed in obturator together, is heated using microwave, and 130 DEG C of softening 7h, softening terminates, and obtains softening stalk；
2) preparation of matrix is cultivated：By cow dung just, softening stalk, microbial inoculum mixed in proportion with sodium selenite, cow dung just, it is soft
The mass ratio for changing stalk, microbial inoculum and sodium selenite each component is 50：30：1：0.1, described microbial inoculum is saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, withered
Mass percent shared by each component in careless bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, actinomyces, Trichoderma viride and white-rot fungi, wherein microbial inoculum
Number is saccharomycete 15%, lactic acid bacteria 10%, bacillus subtilis 10%, photosynthetic bacteria 10%, actinomyces 10%, Trichoderma viride
15% and white-rot fungi 30%, carry out fermentation maturity 6 days, become thoroughly decomposed and terminate 2% food calling for adding earthworm cultivation substratum gross mass
Agent, the preparation method of described phagostimulant is that 1Kg rotten apple is worn into slurries, add sodium selenite 10mg, molasses 100g,
Microcrystalline cellulose 10g and orange peel powder 10g, earthworm cultivation substratum is mixed with phagostimulant, obtains earthworm cultivation substratum；
3) feeding management：Earthworm cultivation substratum is laid on culturing bed, and the phagostimulant in the sprinkling of surface, adds earthworm kind
Seedling, is cultivated, and keeps the water content of earthworm cultivation substratum, every 7 days addition identical earthworm cultivation substratums and in surface spray
Phagostimulant is spilt, is cultivated 45 days；
4) earthworm harvests：Wormcast is successively scraped off under light illumination, drives earthworm to get into culturing bed lower floor, is collected under culturing bed
On the earthworm of layer, the big basket for being placed in 3 millimeters of aperture, basket decentralization collection vessel, under light illumination, earthworm pierce the lower container of sieve automatically,
Obtain selenium-enriched earthworm.
A kind of a kind of way of realization of the cultural method of selenium-enriched earthworm of the present invention of embodiment 8, it comprises the following steps：
1) stalk is handled：By 100kg corn straw smashings, pulverized size is 0.5cm, with the ammoniacal liquor that mass fraction is 15%
45kg is placed in obturator together, is heated using microwave, and 130 DEG C of softening 7h, softening terminates, and obtains softening stalk；
2) preparation of matrix is cultivated：By cow dung just, softening stalk, microbial inoculum mixed in proportion with sodium selenite, cow dung just, it is soft
The mass ratio for changing stalk, microbial inoculum and sodium selenite each component is 50：30：1：0.1, described microbial inoculum is saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, withered
Mass percent shared by each component in careless bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, actinomyces, Trichoderma viride and white-rot fungi, wherein microbial inoculum
Number is saccharomycete 15%, lactic acid bacteria 10%, bacillus subtilis 10%, photosynthetic bacteria 10%, actinomyces 10%, Trichoderma viride
15% and white-rot fungi 30%, carry out fermentation maturity 6 days, become thoroughly decomposed and terminate the phagostimulant for adding earthworm cultivation substratum gross mass 2%,
The preparation method of described phagostimulant is that 1Kg rotten apple worn into slurries, adds sodium selenite 10mg, molasses 100g, micro-
Crystalline cellulose 10g and orange peel powder 10g, earthworm cultivation substratum is mixed with phagostimulant, obtains earthworm cultivation substratum；
3) feeding management：Earthworm cultivation substratum is laid on culturing bed, and the phagostimulant in the sprinkling of surface, adds compatriot's love
Win earthworm seedling, cultivated, the water content for keeping earthworm cultivation substratum is 50%, and identical vermiculture was added every 7 days
Matrix simultaneously sprays phagostimulant on surface, cultivates 50 days；
4) earthworm harvests：Wormcast is successively scraped off under light illumination, drives earthworm to get into culturing bed lower floor, is collected under culturing bed
On the earthworm of layer, the big basket for being placed in 3 millimeters of aperture, basket decentralization collection vessel, under light illumination, earthworm pierce the lower container of sieve automatically,
Obtain selenium-enriched earthworm.
Although embodiment of the present invention is disclosed as above, it is not restricted in specification and embodiment listed
With it can be applied to various suitable the field of the invention completely, can be easily for those skilled in the art
Other modification is realized, therefore under the universal limited without departing substantially from claim and equivalency range, the present invention is not limited
In specific details.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of cultural method of selenium-enriched earthworm, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1) stalk is handled：Stalk is crushed, is placed in together with ammoniacal liquor in obturator, microwave softened is carried out, softening terminates, is obtained
Soften stalk；
2) preparation of matrix is cultivated：Animal wastes, softening stalk, microbial inoculum are mixed in proportion with sodium selenite, fermentation is carried out rotten
It is ripe, earthworm phagostimulant is added after end of becoming thoroughly decomposed, is mixed, earthworm cultivation substratum is obtained；
3) feeding management：Earthworm cultivation substratum is laid on culturing bed, and the phagostimulant in the sprinkling of surface, adds earthworm seedling,
Vermiculture is carried out, the water content of earthworm cultivation substratum is kept, every 5~10 days addition identical earthworm cultivation substratums and in table
Phagostimulant is sprayed in face, cultivates 45~50 days；
4) earthworm harvests：Wormcast is successively scraped off under light illumination, drives earthworm to get into culturing bed lower floor, collects culturing bed lower floor
On earthworm, the big basket for being placed in 3~5 millimeters of aperture, basket decentralization collection vessel, under light illumination, earthworm pierce the lower container of sieve automatically, obtain
Obtain selenium-enriched earthworm.
2. the cultural method of selenium-enriched earthworm according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described stalk be maize straw,
One or more in wheat stalk, rice straw, the size that stalk is crushed is 0.01~1cm, and the quality of described ammoniacal liquor is divided
Number is 10~20%, and the mass ratio of stalk and ammoniacal liquor is 10：(3~5), the time of described microwave softened is 5~10h, temperature
For 110~150 DEG C.
3. the cultural method of selenium-enriched earthworm according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described animal wastes be pig manure,
One or more in cow dung, chicken manure, described animal wastes, softening stalk, microbial inoculum and sodium selenite mixture each component
Mass ratio is (40~50)：(30~50)：(1~3)：(0.05~0.1).
4. the cultural method of selenium-enriched earthworm according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described microbial inoculum is saccharomycete, breast
The quality hundred of each component in sour bacterium, bacillus subtilis, photosynthetic bacteria, actinomyces, Trichoderma viride and white-rot fungi, wherein microbial inoculum
Point it is saccharomycete 15~25%, lactic acid bacteria 10~15% than number, bacillus subtilis 10~15%, photosynthetic bacteria 5~10%, puts
Line bacterium 10~15%, Trichoderma viride 10~15% and white-rot fungi 25~35%.
5. the cultural method of selenium-enriched earthworm according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the time of described fermentation maturity is
6~8 days, the addition of described phagostimulant was the 2~5% of cultivation matrix gross mass.
6. the cultural method of the selenium-enriched earthworm according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, it is characterised in that described phagostimulant
Preparation method be that 1~2Kg rotten melon and fruit is worn into slurries, add 10~20mg of sodium selenite, 100~200g of molasses, micro-
5~10g of crystalline cellulose and 10~20g of orange peel powder is well mixed to be obtained.
7. the cultural method of selenium-enriched earthworm according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described rotten melon and fruit be wax gourd,
One or more in balsam pear, pawpaw, apple, banana, pears, pineapple, watermelon, muskmelon, "Hami" melon, mango.
8. the cultural method of selenium-enriched earthworm according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described earthworm seedling is liked for compatriot
Win earthworm, the water content of described earthworm cultivation substratum is 50~70%.
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| CN108094768A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-06-01 | 吉林农业大学 | It cultivates wriggler stalk fermentation matrix and its cultivates wriggler method |
| CN108157302A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-06-15 | 李大冶 | A kind of application of zinc-rich earthworm protein compound and its preparation method and application and zinc-rich wormcast |
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| CN108094768A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-06-01 | 吉林农业大学 | It cultivates wriggler stalk fermentation matrix and its cultivates wriggler method |
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| CN108377975A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-08-10 | 李大冶 | A kind of richness calcium earthworm protein compound and its preparation method and application and by-product richness calcium wormcast |
| CN108157302A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-06-15 | 李大冶 | A kind of application of zinc-rich earthworm protein compound and its preparation method and application and zinc-rich wormcast |
| CN108651389A (en) * | 2018-04-01 | 2018-10-16 | 广西陆川和合生物科技有限公司 | A method of with waste mushroom packet breeding earthworm |
| CN109496992A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-03-22 | 湖南袁禾农业科技有限公司 | A kind of production method of super selenium-rich yellow meal worm |
| CN109430546A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-03-08 | 南宁武鸣祥源生态农业有限公司 | Phagostimulant, the preparation method and applications of earthworm growth cycle can be shortened |
| CN110720435A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-01-24 | 自然创造(北京)科技有限公司 | Breeding method of hermetia illucens, selenium-rich insect protein source feed, selenium-rich organic fertilizer and processing method thereof |
| CN111066723A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-28 | 李路胜 | Circulating breeding method for selenium-rich hermetia illucens and selenium-rich chickens |
| CN114402731A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-04-29 | 盐城工学院 | Biological cultivation method for mucilaginous soil of greenhouse |
| CN117461777A (en) * | 2023-11-16 | 2024-01-30 | 广东中施龙泰低碳科技有限公司 | Culture medium material for earthworm cultivation and preparation method thereof |
| CN117461777B (en) * | 2023-11-16 | 2024-04-12 | 广东中施龙泰低碳科技有限公司 | Culture medium material for earthworm cultivation and preparation method thereof |
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