CN103082145A - Method for producing grape skin residue pig feed by utilizing lentinula edodes and yeast for symbiotic fermentation - Google Patents
Method for producing grape skin residue pig feed by utilizing lentinula edodes and yeast for symbiotic fermentation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing a protein feed from waste grape skin residues of grape wine production and supplementary bran, corn meal and soybean meal through utilizing lentinula edodes with capabilities of decomposing cellulose, hemicellulose and the like, and yeast for symbiotic fermentation. The waste grape skin residues and residual nutritional ingredients of grape processing production are effectively utilized, so that resources are deeply utilized; a flask shaking machine is used for shake culture of strains, the symbiotic strains are strong and free from other strains, and thus the solid fermentation has a stable period and is successful; and the grape skin protein feed product has quality of biological protein, strong aroma of alcohol ester and flavor of the raw materials, and the quality and tastiness of the feed are improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to feedstuff industry, specifically a kind of method of utilizing mushroom and yeast symbiotic fermentation grape skin pig feed.
Background technology
Lee waits the nutritional labeling that has detected mushroom bacterium slag with virtue, comprise ash content, reduced sugar, total reducing sugar, crude fat, phosphorus, crude protein, crude fibre etc., the proof mushroom can be used for feed (Li Yongfang, Li Xuemei, Li Hebin. mushroom wood chip bacterium slag Analysis of Nutritive Composition and the application in flat mushroom strain is produced. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, 2001,21(3): 59-60).Bai Yongliang etc. have specifically introduced the remaining mushroom slag of research and utilization industrial production, inoculation cellulomonas cartae and candida utili bacterium are fermented, produce the result of the test (Bai Yongliang of high protein feed, Du Bing, Xiao Nan, Deng. the research of mushroom residue fermented feed. the Guangdong feed, 2011,20(6): 20-22).Concrete grammar is, after mushroom slag drying is pulverized, adds a certain amount of cornstarch and wheat bran and mixes, and inoculates cellulomonas cartae and candida utili bacterium and ferments, and obtains fermented feed.Multiple macro fungi has the ability of degraded cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, mushroom also have this ability (Ye Hanling, You Jixue, Fang Guigan. the research of Selective lignin-degradation whiterot fungi screening. Cellulose Science and technology, 2004,12(1): 19-26).
Produce juice and a large amount of skin slag after the grape squeezing.To the processing method of grape skin, mainly comprise as roughage and not processing, its nutritive value is lower; Perhaps be used as fertilizer and bury, but easily grow germ, contaminated environment.Contain more fibrous matter in grape skin, can fast by the stomach and intestine of pig, cause the absorption rate of nutrient to reduce, therefore can reduce food utilization efficiency (Wang Jingmian, Liao Desheng, Zhang Yonghong. grape skin fermentation feed research processed. feed research, 1996(11): the 10-11 page).Do not find to coordinate dregs of beans, wheat bran and corn flour to do the raw material of culture medium raw material or Feed Manufacturing with grape skin, and the nutrient solution of use mushroom bacterium and saccharomycete symbiosis, the inoculation solid material is by cultivating the report of mushroom bacterium and saccharomycete symbiotic fermentation production pig feed.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of ability of utilizing mushroom decomposition of cellulose, hemicellulose etc., with the saccharomycete symbiotic fermentation, discarded object grape skin with Production of Wine, and the wheat bran of adding, corn flour and dregs of beans are made into the method for protein feed, the method is utilized enzyme degraded grape skin and the fibrous matter in auxiliary material and half cellulosic etc. of mushroom growth process secretion, can increase the ratio of grape skin in formula, reduce feed cost, increase economic benefit; The sugar that the enzyme degraded generates can be utilized by saccharomycete again, and fermentation generates the flavor substances such as alcohol, ester class, promotes the appetite of pig, improves quality and the palatability of bioprotein in feed.In grape skin, the content of mineral substances such as Ca and P is higher, and dietary fiber is abundant, has not only wasted resource so discard, and has polluted environment.Make the grape skin protein feed according to national (industry) standard of pig feed, can form the recycling of resource, recycling economy and sustainable development are had definite meaning.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of method of utilizing mushroom and yeast symbiotic fermentation grape skin pig feed, grape skin, wheat bran, corn flour and dregs of beans are mixed and made into base-material, adding nutrient solution to carry out bacterial classification cultivates and ferments and make feed, described nutrient solution is mushroom---yeast starter liquid, its preparation method is: under aseptic condition, get mushroom to the potato glucose culture medium, cultivated 3～5 days under 25～28 ℃, the inoculation saccharomyces cerevisiae was cultivated 2～5 days again.
Further, the method for making of described potato glucose culture medium is: the 200g potato is cleaned peeling and is cut into small pieces, and adds water 1000ml and boils half an hour, adds 10～20g glucose after filtered through gauze.
Further, the mass fraction of described grape skin, wheat bran, corn flour and the shared base-material of dregs of beans is respectively: grape skin 20～30%, wheat bran 10～25%, corn flour 25～30%, dregs of beans 25～30%.
Further, add 20～30% water in base-material, mix by 100～121 ℃ of steam sterilizings 60～120 minutes, add nutrient solution to cultivate after being cooled to room temperature, cultivated 3～5 days at 20～25 ℃, until after white thread thalline occurring, then apply film oxygen barrier fermentation 24～96 hours.
Further, the addition of described nutrient solution is 5～10% of base-material quality.
Further, with mushroom with 75% alcohol disinfecting after again to the potato glucose medium culture.
Further, in the incubation of described mushroom-yeast starter liquid, cultivate with the bottle swingging machine concussion.
Further, the feed after fermentation is processed through 47～50 ℃ of heated-air dryings.
The another kind of technical scheme of same idea is: a kind of method of utilizing mushroom and yeast symbiotic fermentation grape skin pig feed, grape skin, wheat bran, corn flour and dregs of beans are mixed and made into base-material, successively adding mushroom seed liquor and yeast starter liquid to carry out bacterial classification cultivates and ferments and make feed, it is characterized in that, described mushroom seed liquor is: under aseptic condition, first get mushroom to the potato glucose culture medium, cultivated under 25～28 ℃ 3～5 days, be inoculated in base-material, cultivated 5～10 days under 25～28 ℃; Described yeast starter liquid conventional medium after cultivating 2～3 days under 25～30 ℃, is inoculated in above-mentioned compound, cultivates 2～5 days under 25～30 ℃.
Further, the mushroom seed liquor is inoculated in base-material with 5～10%, and yeast starter liquid is with in 5～10% compounds that are inoculated into after the mushroom seed liquor is cultivated.
Further, conventional culture medium is potato glucose culture medium, synthetic media or 10 ° of Bx malt extract culture mediums.
Further, the method for making of described synthetic media is: glucose 5 g, KH
2PO
42.5 g, Na
2HPO
40.5 g, (NH
4)
2SO
41 g, urea l g, MgSO
47H
20 0.5 g, yeast extract 0.5 g, FeSO
40.1 g, the 1% rose-bengal aqueous solution 3.3 mL, water is settled to 1000 mL, and its pH value is 4.5.
Further, the mass fraction that accounts for base-material of described grape skin, wheat bran, corn flour and dregs of beans is respectively: grape skin 20～30%, wheat bran 10～25%, corn flour 25～30%, dregs of beans 25～30%.
Further, the feed after fermentation is processed through 47～50 ℃ of heated-air dryings.
Further, in carrying out the bacterial classification incubation, mushroom seed liquor and yeast starter liquid cultivates with the bottle swingging machine concussion.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: effectively utilize discarded object grape skin and remaining nutritional labeling that Grape processing produces, profound level has been utilized resource; Use the bottle swingging machine concussion to cultivate bacterial classification, make fungal component healthy and strong, without miscellaneous bacteria, guaranteed solid fermentation cycle stability and success; Grape skin protein feed product has protein quality and strong alcohol ester fragrance and raw material fragrance, has improved feed quality and palatability; The perfect production chain of " excreta → marsh gas power generation of wine-growing → wine production → grape skin → pig feed → pig → natural pond slag → wine-growing " can be realized the production economy that circulates.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further explained explanation.
Embodiment 1 (1) removes the stalk in grape skin, native stone etc., is mixed with wheat bran, corn flour and dregs of beans and makes base-material, and ratio is the 3:1:3:3(mass ratio).Add 25% water.Mix, holding raw material, but webs water breakthrough but not agglomeratingly after not trickling, unclamping be degree.(2) 100 ℃ of water proof steam sterilizings 120 minutes.(3) under aseptic condition, from mushroom cap and stem intersection, cut interior tissue (through 75% alcohol disinfecting) fritter to the potato glucose culture medium, 20 ℃ of temperature controls, bottle swingging machine shake continuously to be cultivated 5 days, inoculated S. cervisiae, 25 ℃, bottle swingging machine was cultivated 5 days, until white thread thalline appears, and yeast quantity reaches 10
5～6Individual/milliliter.(4) mushroom-yeast starter liquid is sprinkled in solid base in 8% ratio, 20 ℃～25 ℃ of temperature controls were cultivated 3 days～5 days, during every day stirring, until after visible white thread thalline, then apply film oxygen barrier fermentation 72 hours, when yeast quantity reaches 10
3～4Individual/gram raw material finishes when smelling slight vinosity.(5) feed after the fermentation through 50 ℃ of heated-air dryings 4 hours, is reduced to below 12% moisture, namely gets the protein feed finished product.
Embodiment 2 (1) grape skins, wheat bran, corn flour and dregs of beans agricultural byproducts mixing ratio are the 1:1:1:1(quality), add 25% water.Mix, holding raw material, but webs water breakthrough but not agglomeratingly after not trickling, unclamping be degree.(2) 121 ℃ of steam sterilizings 60 minutes.(3) under aseptic condition, from mushroom cap and stem intersection, cut interior tissue (through 75% alcohol disinfecting) fritter to the potato glucose culture medium, 25 ℃ of temperature controls, bottle swingging machine shake continuously to be cultivated 4 days, inoculated S. cervisiae, 28 ℃, bottle swingging machine was cultivated 4 days, until white thread thalline appears, and yeast quantity reaches 10
5～6Individual/milliliter.(4) mushroom-yeast starter liquid is inoculated in the solids mixing raw material in 5% ratio, 20 ℃～25 ℃ cultivations of temperature control 5 days, during this time every day stirring, until after visible white thread thalline, apply again film oxygen barrier fermentation 96 hours, the visible yeast cells of sampling mirror microscopy downward view finishes when smelling slight vinosity.(5) feed after the fermentation about 12 hours, is reduced to below 12% moisture through 47 ℃ of heated-air dryings, namely gets the protein feed finished product.
Embodiment 3 (1) grape skins, wheat bran, corn flour and dregs of beans agricultural byproducts mixing ratio are the 2:2:3:3(quality), add 25% water.Mix, holding raw material, but webs water breakthrough but not agglomeratingly after not trickling, unclamping be degree.(2) 121 ℃ of steam sterilizings 60 minutes.(3) under aseptic condition, from mushroom cap and stem intersection, cut interior tissue (through 75% alcohol disinfecting) fritter to the potato glucose culture medium, 25 ℃ of temperature controls, bottle swingging machine shakes continuously to be cultivated 4 days, was inoculated in mixed material by 10%, and 25 ℃ of temperature controls were cultivated 5 days, during this time every day stirring, until white thread thalline occurs.(4) the saccharomyces cerevisiae seed liquor is with conventional 10Bx malt extract (brewer's wort of using with Beer Brewage) culture medium, 28 ℃ of bottle swingging machines were cultivated after 2 days, be inoculated in aforesaid fermentation raw material by 10%, turn evenly, apply 25 ℃～28 ℃ fermentations of film oxygen barrier 72 hours～96 hours, when yeast quantity reaches 10
1～3Individual/gram raw material finishes when smelling slight vinosity.(5) feed after the fermentation about 8 hours, is reduced to below 12% moisture through 48 ℃ of heated-air dryings, namely gets the protein feed finished product.
The above; only be the better specific embodiment of the present invention; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this; anyly be familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; be equal to replacement or changed according to technical scheme of the present invention and inventive concept thereof, within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. method of utilizing mushroom and yeast symbiotic fermentation grape skin pig feed, grape skin, wheat bran, corn flour and dregs of beans are mixed and made into base-material, adding nutrient solution to carry out bacterial classification cultivates and ferments and make feed, it is characterized in that, described nutrient solution is mushroom---yeast starter liquid, and its preparation method is: under aseptic condition, get mushroom to the potato glucose culture medium, cultivated under 25～28 ℃ 3～5 days, the inoculation saccharomyces cerevisiae was cultivated 2～5 days again.
2. the method for utilizing mushroom and yeast symbiotic fermentation grape skin pig feed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the method for making of described potato glucose culture medium is: the 200g potato is cleaned peeling and is cut into small pieces, add water 1000ml and boil half an hour, add 10～20g glucose after filtered through gauze.
3. the method for utilizing mushroom and yeast symbiotic fermentation grape skin pig feed according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, the mass fraction of described grape skin, wheat bran, corn flour and the shared base-material of dregs of beans is respectively: grape skin 20～30%, wheat bran 10～25%, corn flour 25～30%, dregs of beans 25～30%.
4. the method for utilizing mushroom and yeast symbiotic fermentation grape skin pig feed according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, add 20～30% water in base-material, mix by 100～121 ℃ of steam sterilizings 60～120 minutes, add nutrient solution to cultivate after being cooled to room temperature, cultivated 3～5 days at 20～25 ℃, until after white thread thalline occurring, then apply film oxygen barrier fermentation 24～96 hours.
5. the method for utilizing mushroom and yeast symbiotic fermentation grape skin pig feed according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the addition of described nutrient solution is 5～10% of base-material quality.
6. the method for utilizing mushroom and yeast symbiotic fermentation grape skin pig feed according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, with mushroom with 75% alcohol disinfecting after again to the potato glucose medium culture.
7. the method for utilizing mushroom and yeast symbiotic fermentation grape skin pig feed according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, in the incubation of described mushroom-yeast starter liquid, cultivates with the bottle swingging machine concussion.
8. the method for utilizing mushroom and yeast symbiotic fermentation grape skin pig feed according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the feed after fermentation is processed through 47～50 ℃ of heated-air dryings.
9. method of utilizing mushroom and yeast symbiotic fermentation grape skin pig feed, grape skin, wheat bran, corn flour and dregs of beans are mixed and made into base-material, successively adding mushroom seed liquor and yeast starter liquid to carry out bacterial classification cultivates and ferments and make feed, it is characterized in that, described mushroom seed liquor is: under aseptic condition, first get mushroom to the potato glucose culture medium, cultivated 3～5 days under 25～28 ℃, be inoculated in base-material, cultivated 5～10 days under 25～28 ℃; Described yeast starter liquid conventional medium after cultivating 2～3 days under 25～30 ℃, is inoculated in above-mentioned compound, cultivates 2～5 days under 25～30 ℃.
10. the method for utilizing mushroom and yeast symbiotic fermentation grape skin pig feed according to claim 9, is characterized in that, the mushroom seed liquor is inoculated in base-material with 5～10%, and yeast starter liquid is with in 5～10% compounds that are inoculated into after the mushroom seed liquor is cultivated.
11. the method for utilizing mushroom and yeast symbiotic fermentation grape skin pig feed according to claim 9 is characterized in that, conventional culture medium is potato glucose culture medium, synthetic media or 10 ° of Bx malt extract culture mediums.
12. the method for utilizing mushroom and yeast symbiotic fermentation grape skin pig feed according to claim 9 is characterized in that the method for making of described synthetic media is: glucose 5 g, KH
2PO
42.5 g, Na
2HPO
40.5 g, (NH
4)
2SO
41 g, urea l g, MgSO
47H
20 0.5 g, yeast extract 0.5 g, FeSO
40.1 g, the 1% rose-bengal aqueous solution 3.3 mL, water is settled to 1000 mL, and its pH value is 4.5.
13. the method for utilizing mushroom and yeast symbiotic fermentation grape skin pig feed according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, the mass fraction that accounts for base-material of described grape skin, wheat bran, corn flour and dregs of beans is respectively: grape skin 20～30%, wheat bran 10～25%, corn flour 25～30%, dregs of beans 25～30%.
14. the method for utilizing mushroom and yeast symbiotic fermentation grape skin pig feed according to claim 9 is characterized in that the feed after fermentation is processed through 47～50 ℃ of heated-air dryings.
15. the method for utilizing mushroom and yeast symbiotic fermentation grape skin pig feed according to claim 9 is characterized in that, cultivates with the bottle swingging machine concussion in mushroom seed liquor and yeast starter liquid carry out the bacterial classification incubation.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103300211A (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2013-09-18 | 浙江大学 | Method for preparing compound enzyme and probiotic preparation for feed by biotransformation of luffa stem and castor cake |
| CN103300210A (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2013-09-18 | 浙江大学 | Method for preparing compound enzyme and probiotic preparation for feed by biotransformation of reed and peanut cake |
| CN103931918A (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-07-23 | 李长林 | Mushroom fermented pig feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN104824388A (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2015-08-12 | 于建新 | Pig feed |
| CN105994999A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-10-12 | 安徽师范大学 | Method for preparing high-protein corn cob feed |
| CN106490318A (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2017-03-15 | 常州市鼎日环保科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of fermented feed containing probiotics |
| CN106901013A (en) * | 2017-02-20 | 2017-06-30 | 和县凤台山煜新畜牧有限公司 | The live pig feeding method of nutrient solution is prepared as major ingredient with grape skin |
| CN107156484A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2017-09-15 | 山东金码头生物科技有限公司 | A kind of interim pig feed |
| CN108575940A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-09-28 | 哈尔滨伟平科技开发有限公司 | A kind of production method of fresh water fish bait |
| CN110367377A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-10-25 | 河南牧业经济学院 | A method of fermented feed is prepared using treaster |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103300211A (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2013-09-18 | 浙江大学 | Method for preparing compound enzyme and probiotic preparation for feed by biotransformation of luffa stem and castor cake |
| CN103300210A (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2013-09-18 | 浙江大学 | Method for preparing compound enzyme and probiotic preparation for feed by biotransformation of reed and peanut cake |
| CN103300210B (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2015-01-07 | 浙江大学 | Method for preparing compound enzyme and probiotic preparation for feed by biotransformation of reed and peanut cake |
| CN103931918A (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-07-23 | 李长林 | Mushroom fermented pig feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN104824388A (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2015-08-12 | 于建新 | Pig feed |
| CN105994999A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-10-12 | 安徽师范大学 | Method for preparing high-protein corn cob feed |
| CN106490318A (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2017-03-15 | 常州市鼎日环保科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of fermented feed containing probiotics |
| CN106901013A (en) * | 2017-02-20 | 2017-06-30 | 和县凤台山煜新畜牧有限公司 | The live pig feeding method of nutrient solution is prepared as major ingredient with grape skin |
| CN107156484A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2017-09-15 | 山东金码头生物科技有限公司 | A kind of interim pig feed |
| CN108575940A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-09-28 | 哈尔滨伟平科技开发有限公司 | A kind of production method of fresh water fish bait |
| CN110367377A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-10-25 | 河南牧业经济学院 | A method of fermented feed is prepared using treaster |
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Application publication date: 20130508 |