CN104026078A - Reticulitermes-flavipes indoor intensive breeding method - Google Patents
Reticulitermes-flavipes indoor intensive breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104026078A CN104026078A CN201410223220.0A CN201410223220A CN104026078A CN 104026078 A CN104026078 A CN 104026078A CN 201410223220 A CN201410223220 A CN 201410223220A CN 104026078 A CN104026078 A CN 104026078A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a reticulitermes-flavipes indoor intensive breeding method. Sterile vermiculite is placed in holes of a six-hole cell culture plate in a cushioning mode and drenched, and bait which is deep fermented three times is used for building a slope on the vermiculite and is compacted. Before reticulitermes flavipes swarms, withered stumps containing winged-reticulitermes-flavipes nests are fetched back, placed in storage boxes, and kept in a 16-DEG-C indoor dark condition until the reticulitermes flavipes grows and develops to be in a swarming state; swarming is facilitated by people, the reticulitermes flavipes is collected through a nylon net, and the male reticulitermes flavipes and the female reticulitermes flavipes are identified; a pair of reticulitermes flavipes paired successfully is placed in the hole with the corresponding number, and a plate cover is placed on the corresponding hole. The situations that the reticulitermes flavipes with wings falling off gets into soil and builds nests are observed until all the reticulitermes flavipes with the wings falling off gets into the soil and builds the nests, water is added to the vermiculite, the culture plate is placed in a culture room, and breeding is carried out for 7.5 months. By the adoption of the reticulitermes-flavipes indoor intensive breeding method, the nest-building success rate can reach 95%, 7-17 worker ants are bred in each nest, a soldier ant appears in 62.5% of the nests, and the nests with complete functions are formed; operation is simple, high-density intensive breeding can be carried out, the success rate is high, and resources are provided for research, prevention and treatment of the reticulitermes flavipes.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of insect feeding, be specifically related to the indoor nest of a kind of reticulitermes flavipe reduction artificial culturing method of trooping.
Background technology
Reticulitermes flavipe Reticulitermes belongs to Isoptera Rhinotermitidae, belongs to the low termite of waiting, and is the important pests of all provinces of serious harm northern China and Yangtze river basin building construction and ornamental trees and shrubs.Reticulitermes flavipe colony is higher to the humidity requirement of environment, but happiness is wet water funk, no matter is the colony after new colony or development, be all chosen in moist timber or near build nest.This shows that they are mainly by body wall, to obtain moisture from food neutralization around environment, unlike high termite, and can be by the build line acquisition moisture that absorbs water as Workers of Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki.This has just increased the difficulty of reticulitermes flavipe indoor culture greatly, too low because humidity is controlled, and the normal life that can affect reticulitermes flavipe is even dead; And that humidity is controlled is too high, culture matrix and bait are easily mouldy, and to bring out reticulitermes flavipe bacteria infection dead.
Termite itself can be edible, is rich in the necessary nutrient component of a large amount of human bodies, as protein, carbohydrate, trace element and amino acid etc.The medical value of termite is also very high simultaneously, there are some researches show that the iron that 100g termite contains 96.2mg is equivalent to the adult's every day of essential weight of iron absorbing in food.Take termite by the disease, the especially anaemia that contribute to treatment to cause due to iron deficiency.The trace element being rich in termite body, as cobalt, titanium, copper, antimony and chromium etc. can be treated body trace element deficiency disease.And cholesterol and the derivative thereof in contained steroidal in termite body, the oleic acid in fat, palmitic acid and stearic acid etc., and property lures hormone and the dry element of scratching to have cancer and the anticancer effect of pressing down.And termite realization edible and medical value just depends on the indoor extensive cultivation technology of termite.
Reticulitermes flavipe is distribute a kind of in termite the most widely of China, is important economic insect, main harm building construction, afforestation and crops.For a long time, China's termite control mainly adopts take chemical control as main means, and this has all brought potential threat to ecotope and health.
How could prevent and treat most effectively reticulitermes flavipe? this is also the domestic and international expert's of puzzlement a difficult problem always.Maximum threshold is, reticulitermes flavipe has wing adult to be difficult at indoor Long-term breeding, is therefore difficult to understand in depth the ecological habit of reticulitermes flavipe, and the research of reticulitermes flavipe is produced to larger adverse effect.
In the cultivation of reticulitermes flavipe, made a few thing both at home and abroad, as Matsuura and Nishida has cultivated the new nest group of the northern reticulitermes flavipe that dwells at indoor semi-synthetic bait, but artitificial food is easily mouldy, cause termite death in nest (to see " Population Ecology ", 2001,43:119-124).Pan drills to levy etc. a pair of male and female dealation ant of black chest reticulitermes flavipe is put into diameter 8cm, high 11cm, in the glass bottle of the silt of built-in certain humidity and masson pine wooden unit, be placed in normal temperature indoor feeding, according to nest body development degree, transfer in indoor bulk container in good time, cultivate the new nest group of black chest reticulitermes flavipe and (seen < < insect journal > >, 1990,33:200-206).There is following defect in these breeding methods: (1) bait and matrix are lumped together, increased termite microbiological contamination chance; (2) the natural early-products of matrix and feed source, is difficult for standard and unification, cannot carry out artificial extensive intensive farm.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for above-mentioned present situation, aim to provide a kind of easy and simple to handle, to cultivate success rate high, can produce the grades such as worker ant and soldier ant, and there is complete function nest group's a kind of indoor intensive farm method of reticulitermes flavipe.
The implementation of the object of the invention is, a kind of indoor intensive farm method of reticulitermes flavipe, and concrete steps are as follows:
1) use 6 porocyte culture plates as nest chamber container, in every hole, the aseptic vermiculite of pad, adds sterile water and makes aseptic vermiculite completely drenched, but without ponding; By after the oak powder sterilizing through 3 degree of depth fermentations, on aseptic vermiculite, build an inclined-plane compacting, bottom surface, inclined-plane is semicircle, from hole wall, to middle part, tilts, 30 ± 1 ° of gradients, hole to bench edge distance port lid 2 ± 1mm; Numbering:
2) the reticulitermes flavipe kind of raising is as required in the swarming phase of each department, before this kind of reticulitermes flavipe swarming, fetch the withered stub that contains wing ant nest body every year, be placed in box, under 16 ℃ of indoor dark conditions, maintain 1-2 week, the growing of wing ant that have making all reaches swarming state; 30 ℃ of temperature, the warm indoors artificial of relative moisture 80% impels reticulitermes flavipe swarming, collects swarming termite, and identify male and female with nylon guard; A pair of female, the male dealation ant of successful matching is put into step 1) hole of reference numeral, build plate lid;
3) build the nest initial stage, a dealation ant of observation per hour in first 8 hours enter civil engineering nest situation, within every 8 hours later, observe once, until dealation ant all enters after civil engineering nest, every 5-7 days, observe again reproduction ant in culture plate and build nest situation and temp. and humidity, and on aseptic vermiculite, add water 2-3mL, and culture plate is placed in to temperature below 30 ℃, in the culturing room that relative moisture is 65-75%, cultivate 7.5 months.
Adopt the present invention, reticulitermes flavipe nest group is carried out to artificial culture, pairing is built nest success rate after burying 7.5 months can reach 95%, and every nest has been bred 7-17 worker ant, and has 62.5% nest body to occur 1 soldier ant, has formed the nest body with complete function.The present invention is easy and simple to handle, can the intensive cultivation of high density and success rate is high, can intensively cultivate, to reticulitermes flavipe biological study, Prevention Technique exploitation and the termite utilization of resources, have important references to be worth, be worthy of popularization.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the feed unit structural representation of 6 porocyte culture plates.
Embodiment
The present invention is comprised of the committed steps such as maintenance and anatomic observation of obtaining, make regular check on that the selection of container of nesting, culture matrix preparation, artitificial food are prepared, nest dealation ant is prepared, built in cultivation nest chamber.Concrete steps are as follows:
1) use the pure polystyrene 6 porocyte culture plates of optical clear as nest chamber container, the interior pad in every hole 1 amasss as 7mL, and the aseptic vermiculite 3 of pure natural that diameter is 1-2mm, adds 3-5mL sterile water and make aseptic vermiculite completely drenched, but without ponding; By after the oak powder sterilizing through 3 degree of depth fermentations, also can select masson pine wood powder, sweetgum wood powder, yulan magnolia wood powder, milled powders of cornstalk and bagasse powder through the fermentation of 3 degree of depth as bait 2, on aseptic vermiculite, build an inclined-plane compacting, bottom surface, inclined-plane is semicircle, from hole wall, to middle part, tilt, 30 ± 1 ° of gradients, hole to bench edge distance port lid 2 ± 1mm (seeing Fig. 1).By experiment, need numbering.
2) the black chest reticulitermes flavipe field nest body that wing ant is contained in location: on March 29th, 2013, selection has the woods (forest zone that general choosing has masson pine to distribute) of black chest reticulitermes flavipe harm, according to surfaces such as black chest reticulitermes flavipe harm shape and swarming holes, find the withered stub that contains wing ant nest body, with red rope or red plastic sack, make marks, and locate with GPS.The applicant has selected Yu Jia mountain, Wuhan, monkey mountain and three black chest reticulitermes flavipe area of Lion Rock, and 5 above nest bodies that have wing ant containing black chest reticulitermes flavipe are found in each area.
The black chest reticulitermes flavipe field nest body that collection contains wing ant: on April 15th, 2013, according to the location of GPS and nest external body red-label, with the instruments such as chain saw fetch contain wing ant nest body withered stub (if wherein contain a large amount of ants, should separately look for new nest body), then these withered stubs are placed in to the box of 67 * 48 * 41cm, the moistening sand of box bottom paving one deck, to keep suitable humidity; Under 16 ℃ of indoor dark conditions, place 1-2 week, what make every nest has wing ant to grow all to reach swarming state.
Artificial synchronous swarming: on April 29th, 2013, by step 1) box to transfer to temperature be manually to impel reticulitermes flavipe swarming in 30 ℃, the relative moisture greenhouse that is 80%, open box lid and cover box with nylon wire, after swarming ant flies out, in the scope of nylon wire delineation, selected wing ant.Diameter 100cm, high 120cm at the bottom of nylon wire cover stent, gauze 100 orders, aperture is less than swarming ant, prevents that swarming ant is diffused in room.
There are wing ant male and female to identify and dealation: according to there being wing ant the 7th uromere whether to expand evaluation male and female.With nest, with sex swarming ant, be placed in the culture dish that is covered with wet filter paper, allow its dealation voluntarily.If the wing ant that has of dealation does not carry out human assistance dealation yet after 2 hours: be fixed with a wing for wing ant with tweezers, and allow another wing z z z fly, take turns like this flow operation and can reach the effect same with swarming yet, make its smooth dealation.If ant wing can't come off, just with steel elasticity tweezers, wing is pulled off forward rapidly.
The pairing of dealation ant and arrangement: swarming is after 4 hours, and dealation ant is used to build nest.Same nest and different nest dealation ant are designed to the different nest combinations of building, choose at random corresponding dealation ant, form the different nest combinations of building, be placed in the 6cm culture dish that mark is good standby.After all combining picking and completing, (unnecessary dealation ant is placed in respectively the culture dish that is covered with wet filter paper by nest and sex, in temperature, be that 25 ℃, relative moisture are 70%, raise in the artificial climate incubator of whole day dark and preserve), gently a pair of female, male dealation ant is put into step 1 successively) hole of reference numeral, cover plate lid, plate lid, for transparent panel lid, can be seen the activity of building reproduction ant in nest initial stage hole.
3) build the nest initial stage, observe entering civil engineering nest situation and making a record of dealation ant, front 8h observation per hour once, is observed once, until dealation ant all enters civil engineering nest for later every 8 hours.If it is dead that viewing duration is found dealation ant, the healthy dealation ant that should take out corresponding nest group and sex from climatic cabinate combines, and rejoins in nest chamber, and observed and recorded enters civil engineering nest situation again.Every 5-7 days, observe again reproduction ant in culture plate and build nest situation and temp. and humidity, and add water 2-3mL on aseptic vermiculite, culture plate is placed in to temperature below 30 ℃, in the culturing room that relative moisture is 65-75%, cultivate 7.5 months.
After 7.5 months, select part nest body to carry out anatomic observation, and add up grade type and quantity in nest group.
On December 14th, 2013, the applicant wherein finds after 40 nest bodies through anatomic observation, builds nest success rate and reaches 95%, has all produced worker ant, and has 62.5% nest body to occur 1 soldier ant, forms the reticulitermes flavipe nest group with complete function.
Claims (6)
1. the indoor intensive farm method of reticulitermes flavipe, is characterized in that concrete steps are as follows:
1) use 6 porocyte culture plates as nest chamber container, in every hole, the aseptic vermiculite of pad, adds sterile water and makes aseptic vermiculite completely drenched, but without ponding; By after the oak powder sterilizing through 3 degree of depth fermentations, on aseptic vermiculite, build an inclined-plane compacting, bottom surface, inclined-plane is semicircle, from hole wall, to middle part, tilts, 30 ± 1 ° of gradients, hole to bench edge distance port lid 2 ± 1mm; Numbering:
2) the reticulitermes flavipe kind of raising is as required in the swarming phase of each department, before this kind of reticulitermes flavipe swarming, fetch the withered stub that contains wing ant nest body every year, be placed in box, under 16 ℃ of indoor dark conditions, maintain 1-2 week, the growing of wing ant that have making all reaches swarming state; 30 ℃ of temperature, the warm indoors artificial of relative moisture 80% impels reticulitermes flavipe swarming, collects swarming termite, and identify male and female with nylon guard; A pair of female, the male dealation ant of successful matching is put into step 1) hole of reference numeral, build plate lid;
3) build the nest initial stage, a dealation ant of observation per hour in first 8 hours enter civil engineering nest situation, within every 8 hours later, observe once, until dealation ant all enters after civil engineering nest, every 5-7 days, observe again reproduction ant in culture plate and build nest situation and temp. and humidity, and on aseptic vermiculite, add water 2-3mL, and culture plate is placed in to temperature below 30 ℃, in the culturing room that relative moisture is 65-75%, cultivate 7.5 months.
2. the indoor intensive farm method of a kind of reticulitermes flavipe according to claim 1, is characterized in that cultivating in culturing room after 7.5 months, selected part nest body to carry out anatomic observation, and added up grade type and quantity in nest group.
3. the indoor intensive farm method of a kind of reticulitermes flavipe according to claim 1, is characterized in that the interior pad in every hole (1) amasss as 7mL, and the pure natural vermiculite (3) that diameter is 1-2mm, adds 3-5mL sterile water and make vermiculite completely drenched.
4. the indoor intensive farm method of a kind of reticulitermes flavipe according to claim 1, is characterized in that selecting masson pine wood powder, sweetgum wood powder, yulan magnolia wood powder, milled powders of cornstalk and bagasse powder through 3 degree of depth fermentations on aseptic vermiculite, to build an inclined-plane compacting.
5. the indoor intensive farm method of a kind of reticulitermes flavipe according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 2) withered stub be placed in the box of 67 * 48 * 41cm, the moistening sand of box bottom paving one deck.
6. the indoor intensive farm method of a kind of reticulitermes flavipe according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 2) nylon wire cover stent at the bottom of diameter 100cm, high 120cm, gauze 100 orders.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN105707014A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-06-29 | 广东省昆虫研究所 | Industrial breeding method of coptotermes formosanus |
| CN106942158A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-07-14 | 广东省生物资源应用研究所 | The apparatus and method that a kind of indoor culture observes termite |
| CN108094768A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-06-01 | 吉林农业大学 | It cultivates wriggler stalk fermentation matrix and its cultivates wriggler method |
| CN108703115A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-10-26 | 广东省生物资源应用研究所 | A method of collecting termite has wing adult |
| CN111066736A (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2020-04-28 | 沈阳农业大学 | Termite embryo development research method |
| CN113711996A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2021-11-30 | 广东省科学院动物研究所 | Method for pairing feeding of termites |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105707014A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-06-29 | 广东省昆虫研究所 | Industrial breeding method of coptotermes formosanus |
| CN105707014B (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2018-07-06 | 广东省生物资源应用研究所 | A kind of Workers of Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki industrialization cultural method |
| CN106942158A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-07-14 | 广东省生物资源应用研究所 | The apparatus and method that a kind of indoor culture observes termite |
| CN108094768A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-06-01 | 吉林农业大学 | It cultivates wriggler stalk fermentation matrix and its cultivates wriggler method |
| CN108094768B (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2021-05-28 | 吉林农业大学 | Wiggler straw fermentation substrate and wiggler cultivation method thereof |
| CN108703115A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-10-26 | 广东省生物资源应用研究所 | A method of collecting termite has wing adult |
| CN108703115B (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2020-08-04 | 广东省生物资源应用研究所 | Method for collecting winged adult termites |
| CN111066736A (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2020-04-28 | 沈阳农业大学 | Termite embryo development research method |
| CN113711996A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2021-11-30 | 广东省科学院动物研究所 | Method for pairing feeding of termites |
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