CN102524186B - Artificial Reticulitermes cultivation method with outdoor nest groups - Google Patents
Artificial Reticulitermes cultivation method with outdoor nest groups Download PDFInfo
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- CN102524186B CN102524186B CN 201210006156 CN201210006156A CN102524186B CN 102524186 B CN102524186 B CN 102524186B CN 201210006156 CN201210006156 CN 201210006156 CN 201210006156 A CN201210006156 A CN 201210006156A CN 102524186 B CN102524186 B CN 102524186B
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- 241001509970 Reticulitermes <genus> Species 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title abstract 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241001509967 Reticulitermes flavipes Species 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000256602 Isoptera Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000020509 sex determination Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000011609 Pinus massoniana Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000018650 Pinus massoniana Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000282693 Cercopithecidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010017533 Fungal infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000257303 Hymenoptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000031888 Mycoses Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001509990 Rhinotermitidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000768 Toxicity label Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013316 zoning Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to an artificial Reticulitermes cultivation method with outdoor nest groups, which includes the steps of field nest group positioning, winged Reticulitermes collection, preparation of simulated chamber nesting units, installation of nest fixing pipes, artificial synchronous swarming, sex determination and dealation, dealate Reticulitermes pairing and settling, regular check and maintenance, anatomic observation and the like. The nest groups are maintained at 15 DEG C for one to two weeks so that all winged Reticulitermes in each nest is about to swarm, the nests are moved indoors, and net covers are used to collect the swarming Reticulitermes. A green land is divided into a plurality of plots, the nest fixing pipes are driven in, pine blocks are placed into the nest fixing pipes, one pair of the dealate female and the dealate male which pair successfully are placed into one nest fixing pipe of a corresponding number, and an opening of the nest fixing pipe is covered with a glass sheet and covered with a plastic barrel. Nesting conditions and temperature and humidity are observed every 2-3 days, the temperature and the humidity are kept, and part of the nests can be subjected to anatomic observation and statistics after five months. The artificial Reticulitermes cultivation method with outdoor nest groups is simple in operation and high in success rate, nesting success rate can reach 65%, ranks such as youths, soldiers and the like are generated, and the method is worthy of popularization and application.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of insect feeding, be specifically related to the outdoor nest group of a kind of reticulitermes flavipe artificial breeding technique.
Background technology
Reticulitermes flavipe Reticulitermes belongs to the Isoptera Rhinotermitidae, is the important pests of all provinces of serious harm northern China (as Beijing, Tianjin and Shanxi) and Yangtze river basin building construction and ornamental trees and shrubs.Reticulitermes is in the amphibious property of building termite, and the nest body structure is simple, can produce supplement type reproduction ant movable the dispersion, and adaptability is strong, prevents and treats the comparison difficulty.For the harm of more effective control reticulitermes flavipe, be badly in need of its nest group's biological propertyes such as foundation, breeding, development and diffusion are studied, and the breeding technology of reticulitermes flavipe is the basis of above work.
Made a few thing in the raising of reticulitermes flavipe both at home and abroad, the progress of not making a breakthrough property still has many aspects to be worth improving as yet.Cultivated the new nest group of the northern reticulitermes flavipe that dwells as Matsuura and Nishida at indoor semi-synthetic bait, but artitificial food is easily mouldy, cause termite death in the nest (see " Population Ecology ", 2001,43:119-124).Pan drills and a pair of male and female dealation ant that will deceive the chest reticulitermes flavipe such as levies and put into the glass bottle of diameter 8cm, high 11cm (the bottle bottom is placed with silt, the masson pine wooden unit of certain humidity), place the normal temperature indoor feeding, transfer in the indoor bulk container according to nest body development degree in good time, cultivated the new nest group of black chest reticulitermes flavipe and (seen " insect journal ", 1990,33:200-206).Under indoor conditions, Liu Yuanzhi adopts the male and female matched pair technique to finish black chest reticulitermes flavipe dealation adult and builds nest and of future generationly have the observation history of life of wing adult (to see " Chinese hygienic biocide medical instruments ", 2003,9 (4): 8-12) to producing.
In sum, present reticulitermes flavipe raising method is subject to fungal infection and causes death, the most important thing is that the successful reticulitermes flavipe nest group of above raising all finishes at " under the indoor conditions ", can't be more near the termitarium group under the natural conditions, also just can't obtain consistent with open-air reticulitermes flavipe nest group biological property result of study.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at above-mentioned present situation, aim to provide a kind of easy and simple to handle, cultivation success rate height, can produce the outdoor nest group of the reticulitermes flavipe artificial culturing method of grades such as young ant and worker ant.
The object of the invention implementation is, the outdoor nest group of a kind of reticulitermes flavipe artificial culturing method, and concrete steps are:
1) seeks and contain the open-air nest group that reticulitermes flavipe has the wing ant annual March, and carry out GPS and locate and mark, April is before the swarming phase, according to GPS location and mark, fetch the withered stub that contains wing ant nest body, place box, under 15 ℃ of indoor dark conditions, keep 1-2 week, make the wing ant that has of every nest all reach the swarming state;
2) 30 ℃ of temperature, manually make the reticulitermes flavipe swarming in the greenhouse of relative moisture 80%, collect the swarming termite with the nylon guard, and identify male and female;
3) booth ground is divided into several residential quarters, the nest pipe of deciding for preparing is squeezed into the underground 6-7cm of cell centre, a pine piece is put into decided the nest pipe again; Decide the nest pipe with what a pair of female, the male dealation ant of successful matching was put into reference numeral, cover the mouth of pipe with sheet glass, cover the whole nest pipe of deciding with Plastic Drum at last;
4) build the nest initial stage, before 6h per hour observe a dealation ant go into civil engineering nest situation, observed once in per 6 hours later on, after the dealation ant all goes into the civil engineering nest, observed every 2-3 days again and decide in the nest pipe reproduction ant and build nest situation and temp. and humidity, and in the peripheral watering of Plastic Drum, below 38 ℃, relative moisture is to cultivate 5 months in the 65-75% with the control of the temperature in the simulating chamber.
After 5 months, select part nest body to carry out anatomic observation, and grade type and quantity in the statistics nest group.
Adopt the present invention, outdoor nest group carries out artificial culture to reticulitermes flavipe, builds the nest success rate after pairing was buried 5 months and can reach 65%, and produced grades such as young ant and worker ant.The present invention is easy and simple to handle, success rate is high, meet the open-air nest group character of termite, has important references to be worth to reticulitermes flavipe biological study, Prevention Technique exploitation and the termite utilization of resources, is worthy of popularization.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the net cover structure schematic diagram,
Fig. 2 is nest body unit form figure.
Embodiment
The present invention by by open-air nest group location, by the wing ant gather, simulating chamber builds that the nest unit prepares, decide that the nest pipe is settled, artificial swarming synchronously, the male and female evaluation is with dealation, the pairing of dealation ant and settle, make regular check on 8 committed steps such as maintenance and anatomic observation and form.Concrete grammar is as follows:
1) the open-air nest body of black chest reticulitermes flavipe of wing ant was contained in the location: on March 30th, 2011, selection has the woods (forest zone that general choosing has masson pine to distribute) of black chest reticulitermes flavipe harm, seek the withered stub that contains wing ant nest body according to surfaces such as black chest reticulitermes flavipe harm shape and swarming holes, make marks with red rope or red plastic sack, and locate with GPS.The applicant has selected Wuhan to explain tame mountain, monkey mountain and three black chest reticulitermes flavipes of Lion Rock area, and each area is sought and contained the nest body that black chest reticulitermes flavipe has the wing ant more than 5.
Collection contains the open-air nest body of black chest reticulitermes flavipe of wing ant: on April 20th, 2011, location and nest external body red-label according to GPS, with instruments such as chain saw fetch contain wing ant nest body withered stub (if wherein contain a large amount of ants, should look for new nest body in addition), then these withered stubs are placed box (the moistening sand of box bottom shop one deck of 67 * 48 * 41cm, to keep suitable humidity) in, under 15 ℃ of indoor dark conditions, placed for 1 week, make the wing ant that has of every nest all reach the swarming state.
2) be 30 ℃ in temperature, relative moisture is manually to make the reticulitermes flavipe swarming in 80% the greenhouse, carefully collects the swarming ant with the nylon guard.Can whether expand to identify male and female according to swarming ant the 7th uromere, concrete grammar is: swarming ant the 7th uromere middle part expands obviously that to cover the 8th uromere be female; Does not expand for male at swarming ant the 7th uromere and middle part substantially parallel with the 8th uromere.
3) simulating chamber is built the preparation of nest unit: smooth as far as possible at the booth that can hide rain (ceiling can be added a cover the sunshade net, prevents that the summer canopy temperature is too high) the thick broken earth of ground shop one deck 20-30cm, and natural air drying a period of time.With tape measure and fine rule booth is raised square residential quarter 1 (see figure 2) that zoning is divided into several length of sides 30cm, the unit is settled as a nest body in each residential quarter.Stay the passageway of a 20cm between per two row nest body units, make things convenient for back inspection and temperature control to preserve moisture.
Decide the arrangement of nest pipe: determine outdoor nest the previous day of building, top layer earth is evenly squirted, decide the nest pipe 6-7cm that is driven underground in each nest body unit central authorities with what hammer will prepare in advance, decide to place in the nest pipe pine piece of 4 * a 4 * 1cm.To the nest pipe of deciding of each nest body unit be numbered before settling.Deciding the nest pipe is diameter 11cm, the pvc pipe of high 10cm.
Artificial swarming synchronously: on April 26th, 2011, it is that 30 ℃, relative moisture are in 80% the greenhouse that the box of step 1) is transferred to temperature, open the box lid and cover box with nylon wire that (aperture of nylon wire is less than the swarming ant, prevent that the swarming ant is diffused in the room), after treating that the swarming ant flies out, with nylon wire shown in Figure 1, in the scope of delineation, selected the wing ant.1 end of the guard support diameter 100cm of nylon wire, high 120cm, gauze 100 orders.
There are wing ant male and female to identify and dealation: according to there being wing ant the 7th uromere whether to expand the evaluation male and female.Place the culture dish that is covered with wet filter paper with nest with sex swarming ant, allow its dealation voluntarily.If after 2 hours not yet the wing ant that has of dealation manually assist dealation: with tweezers the wing of wing ant is arranged fixedly, and allows the another wing z z z fly, take turns flow operation like this and also can reach the effect same with swarming, make its smooth dealation.If the ant wing can't come off, just with steel elasticity tweezers wing is pulled off forward rapidly.
The pairing of dealation ant and arrangement: swarming is after 4 hours, and the dealation ant namely is used to build nest.To be designed to the different nests of building with nest and different nest dealation ant and make up, choose corresponding dealation ant at random, and form the different nests of building and make up, and place the good 6cm culture dish of mark standby.Treat that (unnecessary dealation ant placed the culture dish that is covered with wet filter paper respectively by nest and sex after all making up picking finished, be in temperature that 25 ℃, relative moisture are 70%, raise in the artificial climate incubator of whole day dark and preserve), gently a pair of female, male dealation ant 6 is put into successively on the corresponding pine piece of deciding in the nest pipe 45, cover the mouth of pipe with diameter 12cm, transparent visual circular glass sheet 3, can see the activity of building reproduction ant in the nest initial stage pipe.Decide the nest shroud and live (see figure 2) whole with the lighttight Plastic Drum 2 of base diameter 20cm, high 20cm at last.
4) build the nest initial stage, observe going into civil engineering nest situation and carrying out record of dealation ant, preceding 6h per hour observes once, observes once, and all goes into the civil engineering nest until the dealation ant in later per 6 hours.If viewing duration is found the death of dealation ant, the healthy dealation ant that should take out corresponding nest group and sex from climatic cabinate makes up, and joins again and decides in the nest pipe, and observed and recorded is gone into civil engineering nest situation again.Observed every 2-3 days and decide in the nest pipe reproduction ant and build nest situation and temp. and humidity, and in the peripheral watering of Plastic Drum, each unit 500-750ml controls the temperature in the simulating chamber below 38 ℃, relative moisture is in the 65-75%.
On October 10th, 2011, take out the whole nest pipe of deciding, anatomic observation is dissected and is wherein found behind 20 nest bodies, builds the nest success rate and reaches 65%, and produced the reticulitermes flavipe of non-reproduction grades such as young ant and worker ant.
Claims (8)
1. the outdoor nest group of reticulitermes flavipe artificial culturing method is characterized in that concrete steps are:
1) seeks and contain the open-air nest group that reticulitermes flavipe has the wing ant annual March, and carry out GPS and locate and mark, April is before the swarming phase, according to GPS location and mark, fetch the withered stub that contains wing ant nest body, place box, under 15 ℃ of indoor dark conditions, keep 1-2 week, make the wing ant that has of every nest all reach the swarming state;
2) 30 ℃ of temperature, manually make the reticulitermes flavipe swarming in the greenhouse of relative moisture 80%, collect the swarming termite with the nylon guard, and identify male and female;
3) booth ground is divided into several residential quarters, the nest pipe of deciding for preparing is squeezed into cell centre, making its pipe end and ground distance is 6-7cm, a pine piece is put into decided the nest pipe again; Decide the nest pipe with what a pair of female, the male dealation ant of successful matching was put into reference numeral, cover the mouth of pipe with sheet glass, cover the whole nest pipe of deciding with Plastic Drum at last; Describedly decide the pvc pipe that the nest pipe is diameter 11cm, high 10cm,
4) build the nest initial stage, before 6h per hour observe a dealation ant go into civil engineering nest situation, observed once in per 6 hours later on, after the dealation ant all goes into the civil engineering nest, observed every 2-3 days and to decide in the nest pipe reproduction ant and build nest situation and temp. and humidity, and in the peripheral watering of Plastic Drum, below 38 ℃, relative moisture is to cultivate 5 months in the 65-75% with the control of the temperature in the booth.
2. the outdoor nest group of a kind of reticulitermes flavipe according to claim 1 artificial culturing method is characterized in that cultivating in the booth after 5 months, selects part nest body to carry out anatomic observation, grade type and quantity in the statistics nest group.
3. the outdoor nest group of a kind of reticulitermes flavipe according to claim 1 artificial culturing method is characterized in that whether expanding to identify male and female according to swarming ant the 7th uromere, concrete grammar is: swarming ant the 7th uromere middle part expands obviously that to cover the 8th uromere be female; Does not expand for male at swarming ant the 7th uromere and middle part substantially parallel with the 8th uromere.
4. the outdoor nest group of a kind of reticulitermes flavipe according to claim 1 artificial culturing method is characterized in that hiding rain, and ceiling is added a cover the thick broken earth of booth ground shop one deck 20-30cm of sunshade net, and is smooth as far as possible, natural air drying.
5. according to claim 1 or the outdoor nest group of 4 described a kind of reticulitermes flavipes artificial culturing method, it is characterized in that using tape measure and fine rule with booth ground, be divided into the square residential quarter of several length of sides 30cm, the unit is settled as a nest body in each residential quarter, and per two row nest bodies are settled the passageway of staying a 20cm between the unit.
6. the outdoor nest group of a kind of reticulitermes flavipe according to claim 1 artificial culturing method is characterized in that deciding the nest pipe and squeezes into the underground 6-7cm of cell centre, the pine piece of one 4 * 4 * 1cm is put into decided the nest pipe again.
7. the outdoor nest group of a kind of reticulitermes flavipe according to claim 1 artificial culturing method is characterized in that covering the mouth of pipe with the circular glass sheet of diameter 12cm, covers the whole nest pipe of deciding with the Plastic Drum of base diameter 20cm, high 20cm.
8. the outdoor nest group of a kind of reticulitermes flavipe according to claim 1 artificial culturing method is characterized in that guard support (1) end diameter 100cm of nylon guard, high 120cm, gauze (2) 100 orders.
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102972354B (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2013-12-25 | 杭州市萧山区白蚁防治研究所 | Indoor feeding device and feeding method for odontotermes |
| CN104026078B (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2015-10-28 | 华中农业大学 | A kind of reticulitermes flavipe indoor intensive raising method |
| CN105707014B (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2018-07-06 | 广东省生物资源应用研究所 | A kind of Workers of Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki industrialization cultural method |
| CN113711996B (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-09-23 | 广东省科学院动物研究所 | Method for pairing feeding of termites |
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