CN107969272B - Growth management method for transplanting super-large trees - Google Patents

Abstract

A growth management method for transplanted super big tree, after the big tree is transplanted, in the summer, on the sunny and high temperature day, after one hour of sun comes out, the big tree is covered by black plastic net, removing the plastic net before the sun falls for one hour, shielding the sun from the sun, drying the leaves in the sun in the morning and evening, spraying water mist to the leaves and the big tree trunk at night, making dew for the tree, planting annual plants on all the land around the transplanted tree, enabling the ground to be an ecological environment without strong sunlight, inserting a stick into a tree pit, pulling out the stick, filling the hole of the stick with sand, placing a brick head, a flat stone or a plastic mesh on the edge of the tree pit, watering against the brick head, the stone or the plastic mesh at ordinary times, enabling water to automatically flow into the tree pit, enabling the water to uniformly seep into all the soil in the tree pit along the gap of the sand, and artificially simulating to create the natural climate and natural growing environment for the original growth of the big tree.

Description

Growth management method for transplanting super-large trees

Technical Field

The technology belongs to the field of big tree transplantation management of forest trees.

Technical Field

Human beings like big trees, bigger trees like older trees, trees are living, big trees grow for countless years, people especially keep the big trees, as long as big trees are always protected specially, the old trees are reformed and opened in the last century, cities enter large-scale construction, for example, many roads are widened, many big street trees are forced to be moved away, but the trees are handed off and moved away from ancient times to the current times, the trees are still publicized in the human and manpower market today, many big trees can be moved away along with the development of science and technology, but the trees are limited to certain tree types at present, the cost is high, and too big trees cannot be moved away.

The sycamore street trees in Nanjing are famous in China and even the world, the main streets in Nanjing are sycamore street trees, the trees have the tree ages of nearly 90 years, roads with four lanes and five lanes are formed, branches on two sides are connected to form green tunnels, summer burning sun is high in temperature, the trees feel cool when the trees are placed under the trees, and the sycamore street trees are always a priory name card of Nanjing people, a favorite name card of Nanjing people and a foreign name card of Nanjing.

All biological features are only 2, i.e. replication and circulation. The big tree transplantation means that the big tree can continue to circulate and survive. The circulation of the tree is realized by that the roots of the tree absorb water and related nutrients in the water, but the transplanting of the big tree cannot simultaneously remove all the roots of the big tree, the lost roots are too much, the ratio of the lost roots is larger when the tree is larger, the example of the sycamore tree with the diameter at breast height of 50 cm is that the tree is 25 meters, the diameter of the crown is 20 meters, and the conservative theoretical calculation shows that the root system of the tree is more than 200 cubic meters underground. In the last decade, a lot of big sycamore trees are transplanted in Nanjing, and the soil ball of the tree root is less than 1 cubic meter, which is only 1/200 of the original root. The roots in the earth ball are also inevitably damaged in the excavation and transportation, and the tree trunk on the ground of the big tree with 50 cm breast diameter is several tons, so that the earth ball with 1 cubic meter can be the largest volume and is almost impossible before decades by means of modern large lifting and transporting equipment. The people who transplant big trees know that the transplanted roots are too few, all branches of the big trees are sawn off, so that the actual big tree transplantation is to transplant a big tree trunk, the transplanted big trees are specially managed, the tree holes are surrounded by soil circles and are usually watered, the big trees are covered by black plastic nets to be sun-proof in summer when the temperature is high, and the natural growth rule and the growth environment of the big trees are damaged in some cases.

In 2001, Nanjing starts subway construction, a line No. 1 vertically penetrates through a main urban area in the south-north direction, 5 stations are arranged in the main urban area and are arranged on a middle mountain road and a central road, the line is one of the best tabebuia avellaneda avenues of Nanjing, hundreds of tabebuia avens are dug away by the 5 stations, although tabebuia avellaneda saplings are re-planted after subway construction is completed, people feel that the stations are free of sky, green and cool, green tunnels are not available after the train is opened in 2005, a plurality of people provide suggestions and suggestions to various relevant governments, units and media, and the original drop of the tabebuia avenae trees is tracked, and the governments and the units also recognize the problem and the road condition.

In 2006, 6 stations are provided for a subway No. 2 line to pass through a main urban area, the government has a policy of leaving a station, the cost is more than 5000 ten thousand, more than 190 large phoenix trees with the period of more than 50 years are removed, and the transplanting cost of each large tree is more than 2.6 ten thousand yuan. After three years, reporters and experts survey and find that the survival rate of the transplanted phoenix tree is only 18 percent, (reported by Nanjing Kuaigao 2011-3-22 seal 13 and 14 reporters) of the transplanted phoenix tree, and some phoenix trees are poor in growth and cannot guarantee certain energy and activity.

In the early 2011, the No. 3 subway line and the No. 10 subway line of Nanjing are started to be constructed, the No. 3 subway line transversely passes through 6 stations in a main urban area, large phoenix trees are transplanted again, the quantity is large, all branches of the phoenix trees to be transplanted are sawn off just after the construction site is surrounded, light large tree stems are left, the method is the same as the method of the last time, the citizen cannot worry about the scheme of transplanting trees of a construction party and a garden party, the original survival rate is low because no new method for transplanting the large trees is provided, the large phoenix trees are life, and once the large phoenix trees are lost, the method can not be retrieved forever. The sycamore trees in urban streets of Nanjing are famous worldwide, many of the trees are nearly 90 years old and planted in the period of the nation, many citizens grow under the sycamore trees, walk under the sycamore trees in hot summer from small to large, feel cool in forest, the construction of the metro is influenced because the sycamore trees are transplanted, the metro is not built until the appearance of the government comes out, a policy is put out to protect the trees, a green evaluation group is established, the green evaluation group consists of garden experts, big representatives of people, political representatives and citizens, the large-scale construction beside all roads can be built again after the evaluation of the green evaluation group when the trees to be transplanted are transplanted, and the subway No. 3 line later, the construction of roads such as a line 4, a line 10, an overlong river tunnel of a Dihuamen street, a rapid trunk road in cities and west, a crouching road and the like is evaluated by green comments, a subway side for construction, a garden side for moving trees, and a scheme and guarantee are brought out by design, supervision, experts and related leaders. This green scoring panel was the first time in china and even the world.

The No. 3 and No. 4 lines are vertical lines and cross through a Nanjing main urban area, 12 stations are arranged in the main urban area, hundreds of big sycamore trees are transplanted, the scheme is considered by the government, a subway construction party, an expert and a garden unit to put forward a tree moving scheme, a file for establishing each transplanted tree is proposed, a number is numbered and a hanging plate is arranged, management is carried out on the transplanted big sycamore trees, supervision is accepted, the scheme is evaluated by a green group to pass through, the garden unit responsible for tree moving is also made by an ampere program scheme, wherein two nearly 48 big sycamore trees in a Wubi station and a Changfu street station are transplanted to the northeast corner of a checkpost square, the big trees are good in appearance, citizens can take a cold under the big square trees, each transplanted big sycamore wood is wrapped by a green plastic belt, tree holes under the trees are surrounded by soil for watering, the original tree boards are also numbered and grow places, transplanting time, tree diameter, name of maintainer and other information, all transplanted big sycamore trees grow leaves in the current year, and the leaves are withered in 7 and 8 months in the current year. The trees with the diameter of chest being more than 50 cm die completely in the spring of the second year, the survival rate is not half, the survival rate is improved for a few times, partial survival trees are below 30 cm, the trees can grow, the trees grow more seriously, half live and half live, and the trees can still die for four or five years. The brand hung on the tree is not available for a long time, the green evaluation group does not provide people, and the government, the unit, the media and the like do not say the transplanting of the big sycamore tree. The following conclusions can be drawn; the existing big sycamore tree transplanting method causes the only reason that the big tree cannot survive, and the tree roots transplanted along with the big tree are too few.

In 2017, a subway No. 5 line starts to be built, the No. 5 line passes through a main urban area from southeast to northwest, more big sycamore trees need to be transplanted at stations of the main urban area, and the eastern Wei newspaper is reported on 2016.11.29 days, edition A04; the subway No. 5 line is used for transplanting hundreds of street trees, a title of 312 Fatania is that the ' Anjia ' Liuhe Pingshan forest park ', 312 Fatania with the trunk diameter of more than 30 centimeters are migrated to the Liuhe district Pingshan forest park, and a ' one tree and one grade ' management mechanism is established by a garden department aiming at the migrated trees, so that the survival rate of the migrated trees is ensured through whole-process monitoring and responsibility tracking. "

The selected station is seen from 1 month in 2017, big branches of sycamore are all sawed off, big trees are dug away successively, the dug tree pit is slightly larger than that in the prior art, and the trees are basically dug almost. 2017.05.01 to the mountain forest park, 33 big sycamore are transplanted on two sides of a road 1.5 kilometers away from the center of the park, 343 sycamore are transplanted on mule mountain ten kilometers away from the mountain forest park road, a square land is newly developed, the land is completely newly cultivated loess, the new land is obviously different from the original tree grassland growing around, a road is newly built, the road is divided into two sides, the west of the road is connected with the cement road outside, 4 sycamore are transplanted on two sides of the crossing, 200 meters away from the crossing are newly developed, the left side of the road is 16 rows, 135 trees are totally built, the right side of the road is 204 trees, the distance of each tree is meter, the south and the north of each row of trees are ditched to become 16 land blocks, steel pipes of a building house are inserted at four corners of all the transplanted big trees, transverse steel pipes are wrapped with green plastic pipes, the tree hole is surrounded by soil, the tree trunk is hung with the card, the card is provided with information such as numbers, all the big branches are sawn off, the whole tree is about 5 meters high, the longest big branch is left, and the method is practically equivalent to transplanting a big tree trunk. No. 5/1 shows all trees, the long leaves are few, the longest new branch is 15 cm long, and the new branches are few. (meanwhile, when the sycamore leaves are full of trees and no big sunshine is seen under the trees) 10 th and 6 th, the original situation is still, each tree is hung with a transfusion bag, most of the trees are one bag, some of the trees are two bags, liquid is contained in the bags, the tree holes have traces of watering, the number of new branches is more than 30-70 cm, the diameter of the new branches is less than 1 cm, the number of the new branches is small, the new branches cannot cover the tree, a plurality of trees have no leaves in four directions, a plurality of leaves are few in two places, thicker big trees are arranged, dead branches with no leaves are arranged in long-leaf branches, and the branches growing in the current year are dead in 7-8 months.

To summarize, the new leaves of the new branch of the sycamore transplanted at this time are almost the same as the new leaves of the previous time, except that 1, the frame with the steel tube is hung on the frame to shield the sunlight, and 2, all the trees are hung with nutrient solution (energy-gathering enzyme). The survival rate of the big trees transplanted in this year cannot be concluded, but it can be seen that the branches and leaves growing on the trunk of the big trees (with the diameter of more than 30 cm) are too few and are not longer than the big trees of the sycamore transplanted in the past.

Gardeners transplant so many big trees suddenly, so that the experience of transplanting the big trees in large quantities is not available, the society is in work with economic benefits at present, the big trees are only dug and transported, and the management cannot be interrupted for several years after transplantation, so that no one is concerned about the transplantation of the big trees to study, and the survival rate of the big sycamore trees after transplantation is low. The management after the big trees are transplanted is just like ordinary transplanted small trees, the management is only carried out frequently, watering times are more, later supports are well arranged, sun-proof nets are covered on the trees after the trees are transplanted at high temperature and summer days, nutrient solution is more infused, and the method for transplanting the super big trees is not enough.

Disclosure of Invention

A method for managing the growth of transplanted super-large tree includes such steps as artificially simulating the natural climate and environment for the growth of large tree, covering the tree with black plastic net in the sun for one hour, removing the plastic net before the sun falls for one hour, spraying water mist to leaves and tree trunk at night, planting annual plants in all the land around the transplanted tree, and sunning.

After the big tree is transplanted and cultivated, a supporting rod of the big tree is additionally arranged and is higher than the big tree, a pulley is arranged at the top end of the supporting rod, a bamboo pole which is longer than the big tree in width is arranged on the bamboo pole, a black plastic sunshade net with the same width is arranged on the bamboo pole, a rope is tied on the bamboo pole, the other end of the rope penetrates through the pulley, the rope is pulled up after the sun comes out for one hour in summer, the big tree is covered by the black plastic net, the rope is loosened by the plastic net and falls off after the sun falls off for one hour, after the sun falls off for 4 hours at night and before the sun comes out for 2 hours in the second day, the leaves and the big tree are sprayed with water 1-3 times to produce dew, annual plants are planted on all the land around the transplanted tree, common grass higher than 20 cm is selected, the leaves of the ground plants in 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 months cover the soil, the soil can not be exposed to strong sunlight, sticks with the diameter of 3 cm are inserted into a tree hole, the depth reaches the bottom of the tree pit, the stick is pulled out, the hole of the stick is filled with sand, a brick, a flat stone or plastic mesh is placed on the edge of the tree pit, and watering is carried out on the brick, the stone or the plastic mesh at ordinary times, so that water automatically flows into the tree pit, and the ecological water replenishing is equivalent to ecological water replenishing.

The method can prevent the big tree from being exposed in the burning sun, can expose the big tree to less strong sunlight in the morning and evening, can allow the leaves to grow in a photosynthesis mode by sunlight, can remove the plastic net at night, can allow the leaves and the trunk of the big tree to obtain dew in natural air, can allow the leaves and the trunk to have more water equivalent to the dew due to the thick trunk, can allow the planted plants to cover the ground, can prevent the surrounding of the tree from being exposed to high temperature, can prevent the high temperature from affecting the roots of the tree, can allow the plants in the tree pits to be watered, can automatically drip the tree pits, can prevent the planted plants from being formed into slurry, and can allow the water to permeate into the tree pits along with sand to ensure that the soil in the tree pits has the same humidity.

Detailed description of the invention

The method discloses an artificial simulation method for creating natural climate and natural growth environment of a big tree which originally grows, which satisfies the habit of the big tree growing for hundreds of millions of years as much as possible, the big tree is transplanted and most roots are cut off, the roots absorb the moisture supplied to the tree trunk and the tree leaves and are not exposed to the sun in the burning sun, so a sunshade net is adopted, a plurality of people are afraid of the sunshade net, one cover is continuous days in the day and night, and the plants absorb dew at night, after the big tree is transplanted and cultivated, a support rod of the big tree is additionally arranged, two support rods higher than the big tree are arranged, the top end of the support rod is provided with a pulley, a bamboo rod longer than the big tree is provided with a black plastic sunshade net with the same width, one or two ropes are tied on the bamboo, the other end of the bamboo rod passes through the pulley, the whole tree can be covered by flexibly pulling the bamboo rod and the plastic sunshade net, and a track can also be made, the tree transplanting method is characterized in that the tree transplanting method comprises the steps of flexibly pulling up and pulling down, pulling up and pulling down for countless times in summer and the next year, in a high-temperature sunny day in summer, generally keeping the temperature over 30 ℃, pulling up a rope after the sun comes out for one hour, enabling a black plastic net to cover a big tree, loosening the rope before the sun falls for one hour, enabling the plastic net to fall down, transplanting the big tree, blocking the sun with the black plastic net after the tree roots and leaves are tender and cannot be exposed in the burning sun, enabling the sun to be shielded by the black plastic net, enabling the tree leaves to be exposed in the sun in the morning and at the evening, blowing wind at night, obtaining dew at night, and giving ecological natural night climate to the tree.

When the big tree is in a dry and hot weather, after the sun falls for 4 hours and before the sun comes out for 2 hours, the temperature at night is completely cooled, well water is sprayed on tree trunks and tree leaves to manufacture ecological artificial dew, the dew in summer is important for plants, the plants are too much water after being sunned in the daytime, branches and leaves touching the water at night can absorb the water to supplement the water shortage of the plants, the transplanted big tree needs to be controlled, the weather is mastered, the natural dew is too much, the dew is not sprayed for a few times, the water is sprayed for a long time in the drought weather, more water is sprayed for 1 time, less water is sprayed for each time, the growth condition of the big tree is determined by observing the field, the well water within 5 meters underground is adopted, rainwater falls to the ground and seeps down, various organic substances are fused in the process of seeping down in the ground and soil, the well water is also constant in temperature, and the tree roots absorb the water at the temperature, the ground water on the shallow surface layer is the milk of the plants, and the large trees are sprayed with well water in the best amount under the condition.

The annual plants are planted in all the lands around the transplanted trees without plants, common green grass with the length of more than 20 cm is selected, rapeseeds or green rapeseeds can be scattered in case of emergency, sesames and the like can also be planted, the ground plant leaves of 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 months are required to cover the soil, the soil can not be dried by the sun, fertilizers can be applied to the weak plants, particularly, the soil in the tree pits can not be exposed to the sun, the soil is heated by the sun, the transplanted big trees are few at all, all the roots in the tree pits are baked by hot soil, the big trees can grow well (the big trees can bear the sun when not being transplanted originally, because the roots of the big trees are many, the roots are deep roots, the leaves are dense, the bottom of the trunk is free of sunlight), all the soil around the transplanted big trees are planted on the plants, all the soil is covered with all the soil, the plants have moisture at night, and the moisture of the soil can be kept, the soil surface is moist, and insects, spiders, earthworms and other small organisms can also live under plants, so that the ecological soil is favorable for the growth of tree roots.

A stick with the diameter of 3 cm is inserted into the tree pit at an interval of 50 cm, the depth reaches the bottom of the tree pit, the stick is pulled out, the holes of the stick are filled with sand, the gaps of the sand can be penetrated with water, the water penetration is not rapid, when water exists in the tree pit, a plurality of sand holes slowly and uniformly penetrate all tree roots, watering is not needed later, the sand does not need to be treated in the tree pit, and the growth of the tree roots cannot be influenced. A brick or a flat stone or a plastic mesh is placed on the edge of the tree hole, watering is carried out at ordinary times to face the brick, the stone or the plastic mesh, water flows through the tree hole automatically, and ecological water replenishing is equivalent to. Modern watering is all water pipe or vat, and this water is watered on soil, can let soil become mud, and mud can form impervious bed, causes the water in the pit for a long time not to ooze downwards, and the water forms a mud shell again after doing, covers soil airtight, and the sun shines the fracture again, and steam can influence the root, and these all influence the growth of root. The plants are planted in the tree holes, straw and the like are covered when the plants are not good, and in short, the soil in the tree holes can not be exposed to the sun.

Around the transplanted tree, particularly in the tree pit, if no plants grow and no grass is covered, the soil must be loosened after raining in each field.

The big trees of the sycamore in Nanjing are so many as large and concentrated, thousands of big trees of the sycamore are transplanted in the subway construction of Nanjing, so many trees are suddenly omitted, so many big trees familiar with roads are not found, everyone can think of the coolness under the original big trees when exposed to the sun in the burning sun, including the original familiar green tunnel, which is not found, the name card of Nanjing, the pride of Nanjing seems to be broken, the human has great dependence and feelings on the trees, especially the big trees, the human walks down to the trees when the burning sun is empty, the bigger trees like the biggest plants on the earth, the human ancestors go to the ground from the trees, the green revolution period, most of the human lives are built by the trunk of the weapon stick, and the used weapon stick is mostly the tree; in the yellow revolution period, people mainly build better houses by taking trees as main materials, and wood is the main farm tool; in the black revolution period, people smelt metal by wood and coal; today, the best furniture is still wood furniture, and the environment requirement for living is the forest city. Trees are the most dependent articles and articles for human beings, and also provide the best eating fruits, nuts, edible oil and beverages for human beings, and flowers with the most beautiful blossoms; when the trees grow, the trees provide cool tree shade for people, purify air, shield wind and rain, and provide the most oxygen on the earth, the trees are female nurses of people, the growth of people is nursed in the past, and the people are nursed and live at present, so the people have unlimited hobbies and feelings on the trees.

Big tree has to be transplanted, the construction of modernization must be gone on, involve the big tree and the ancient tree that need transplant and still can take place constantly, big tree and the ancient tree in city are constantly reducing, people require to protect big tree, the call sound of requiring to protect ancient tree is more and more big, the transplantation of big tree, ancient tree is done, the survival of big tree, ancient tree is protected, on the good method of original tree that moves, in addition this method is to the management of transplanting big tree ancient tree, its survival rate will very big improvement.

Claims (1)

1. A method for transplanting the growth management of the super-large tree discloses a natural climate and natural growing environment for the growth of the large tree created by artificial simulation, which is characterized in that: after the big tree is transplanted and cultivated, a supporting rod of the big tree is additionally arranged and is higher than the big tree, a pulley is arranged at the top end of the supporting rod, a bamboo pole which is longer than the big tree in width is arranged on the bamboo pole, a black plastic sunshade net with the same width is arranged on the bamboo pole, a rope is tied on the bamboo pole, the other end of the rope penetrates through the pulley, the rope is pulled up after the sun comes out for one hour in summer, the big tree is covered by the black plastic net, the rope is loosened by the plastic net and falls off after the sun falls off for one hour, after the sun falls off for 4 hours at night and before the sun comes out for 2 hours in the second day, the leaves and the big tree are sprayed with water 1-3 times to produce dew, annual plants are planted on all the land around the transplanted tree, common grass which is higher than 20 cm is selected, the ground plants in 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 months cover the soil, the soil can not shine strong sunlight, sticks with the diameter of 3 cm are inserted into the tree pits at intervals, and (3) the depth reaches the bottom of the tree pit, the rod is pulled out, the hole of the rod is filled with sand, a brick or a flat stone is placed on the edge of the tree pit, and the water is watered against the brick, the stone or the plastic mesh cloth at ordinary times, so that the water automatically flows into the tree pit.