CN107921874A - 具有用于紧急情况的自动能量供应装置的运输车 - Google Patents

具有用于紧急情况的自动能量供应装置的运输车 Download PDF

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CN107921874A
CN107921874A CN201680038101.5A CN201680038101A CN107921874A CN 107921874 A CN107921874 A CN 107921874A CN 201680038101 A CN201680038101 A CN 201680038101A CN 107921874 A CN107921874 A CN 107921874A
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transport vehicle
itself
energy source
transport
scaffold
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R·斯特尔
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Dick Transport Technology Co Ltd
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    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0038—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to sensors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
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    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种运输车，其包括至少一个支承框架以及一个集电器，至少一个从动的运输元件设置在所述支承框架中，所述集电器用于驱动机构的供电，所述驱动机构用于驱动至少一个运输元件和用于驱动运输车自身，其特征在于，运输车具有一个自身的能量源，所述能量源设计为独立于用于运输车的正常运行的中央供电装置。

Description

具有用于紧急情况的自动能量供应装置的运输车
技术领域
本发明涉及一种按照权利要求1所述特征的移动运输设备、尤其是一种运输车，其具有至少一个支承框架以及一个集电器，至少一个从动的运输元件设置在所述支承框架中，所述集电器用于驱动机构的能量供应，所述驱动机构用于驱动至少一个运输元件并且用于驱动运输车自身。
背景技术
一种这种类型的运输车由DE 10 2012 201 641A1(其中在图5至7中示出)已知。
该运输车具有一个驱动器，其作用于驱动机构。运输车自身不具有用于驱动机构的能量供应装置，而是从外部输送能量。
在一种已知的实施例中，运输车利用轮子在轨道上行驶，所述轨道嵌入到例如厂房的地板的表面中。通过相应设计的集电器，从中央供电装置在运输车的运动期间对运输车的驱动机构进行供电。亦即，运输车通过集电器与中央供电装置永久地连接。
通常确保：供电装置永久地提供能量并且所提供的能量也持久地传输给运输车以用于其运行。
然而存在例外情况、尤其是紧急情况，在所述情况下不再保证到运输车的能量输送持久进行。这尤其是这种情况：运输车穿过具有相应的开口的防火墙，其中在发生火灾时所述开口必须由消防门闭锁。为了使该门、例如推拉门在发生火灾时可以被闭锁，需要推走导电轨(运输车经由所述导电轨与其集电器连接以用于能量传输)，因为所述导电轨位于地面之上。然而如果运输车在此刻正位于应该用防火门闭锁的开口区域中，此时导电轨被推走并且因此中断电流，则无法执行该关闭过程，因为防火门的路径被运输车堵住。这是一种必须要防止的情况。
另外一种例外情况是，在运输车行驶期间，例如由技术缺陷引起电流输送被中断并且刚好在该时间点一个人或者一个其他的障碍物位于运输车的直接行驶路径中。当供电被取消时，运输车由于(或是单独的或者甚至与负载一起的)惯性而不立即静止。因此这样的运输车不仅具有机械制动器，而且具有机电制动器，然而所述机电制动器需要能量供应。然而如果能量供应被取消，则机电制动器无法被激活，从而当能量供应装置被取消时，在此也产生安全临界的紧急情况。
上述这两种紧急情况仅仅是示例性的并且不局限于此。
发明内容
因此，本发明的任务在于，提供一种运输车以及一种用于运行这种运输车的方法，利用所述运输车和方法至少避免所述的缺点。
该任务一方面通过以下方式解决：运输车具有一个自身的能量源，所述能量源设计为独立于用于运输车的正常运行的本来的中央供电装置。所述自身的能量源设置在运输车中、旁或上。利用运输车的所述自身的能量供应装置来确保，例如用于驱动运输车以用于其前进运动的、在必要时也附加地用于驱动运输元件的驱动机构可以如此长地运行，直到运输车从危险区域中运动出来。在此，危险区域、尤其是在其中走过的路径明显短于运输车在其正常运行期间的通常移动路径。利用运输车本来的能量供应装置应确保的移动路径至少为运输车的长度(沿行驶方向观察)，以便确保运输车可以从防火门在其中移动的区域中安全地驶出。
替代于此或者补充于此，独立的能量供应装置这样地定尺寸，使得所述能量供应装置可以用于执行至少一次借助于运输车的机电制动器的紧急制动。
对于运输车的继续运动和/或紧急制动，存在相应的传感器和执行器以及算法，利用所述算法识别，运输车是否应该继续移动并且从危险区域中运动出来或者是否需要紧急制动。
运输车的独立的不是设计用于运输车本来的运行的能量供应装置例如是可重复充电的蓄电池、至少是一个电容器(或者多个蓄电池和/或电容器的联接)或者类似物。在此必须确保，蓄能器的能量密度是这样大的，使得前述的从危险区域中出来的移动路径或者紧急制动被确保。
之所以应用电容器作为蓄能器是特别有利的，是因为电容器具有非常高的能量密度(以便节省结构空间和重量)，可以无磨损地在超过运输车的寿命上运行并且可以简单地被更换。此外，电容器作为蓄能器能够实现无磨损地永久的充电循环，以便确保，借助于合适的充电自动控制装置来确保在车辆运行期间随时进行能量供应，以便可以对紧急情况作出反应。
此外，本发明提供一种用于运行运输车的方法作为问题的解决方案，其中，传感器存在于运输车上和/或其外部，所述传感器检测紧急情况并且激活相应的机构，以便可以对紧急情况作出反应。所述机构例如是在导电轨中的转辙器(Weiche)，所述导电轨被推走，以便不仅中断用于运输车的中央供电装置，而且能够实现移动防火门。所述机构也是切换机构，当中央供电装置从外部被取消时，所述切换结构将独立的能量供应装置转接到其驱动机构上。此外，所述机构是这样的机构，利用所述机构来识别紧急情况的类型并且基于此引起继续移动或者开始紧急制动。
在独立的能量供应装置中存储的能量在任何情况下可以如此确定大小，使得确保当从外部输送的供电被取消时，不仅空的运输车，而且带有其最大负载的运输车也可以在预先给定的路线上可靠地继续移动或者在预先给定的路线内趋于静止。
运输车的独立的供电装置或是固定安装在运输车中，或是可更换的，其中在可更换的能量供应装置和运输车之间存在相应的插拔连接器。同样的情况适用于可更换的供电装置在运输车中的机械安装，通过所述安装保证独立的供电装置的简单的插入和同样简单的取出并且避免用于更换的复杂装配工作。
具体实施方式
本发明例如基于一种运输车，如其从DE 10 2012 201 641A1(其中在图5至图7中所示)中已知的那样，而不局限于该运输车的具体设计方案。
图1至3示出(总体上详细地示出)一种运输设备，在所述运输设备中，彼此机械连接的支承框架构成运输车。所述运输车包括一些可拆地彼此机械连接的支承框架31、32、33、34，在所述支承框架中构成为主框架的框架32和34包含用于运输元件3的驱动电机4。在实施例中存在四个支承框架31至34。运输元件3优选地是环绕的履带，其由驱动轴5、35沿双箭头11的方向可被驱动并且形成一个平面的运输面。如从在图2中的仰视图中清楚可见，两个运输设备并排地设置，其分别由一个主框架32、34和另一支承框架31、33组成，所述另一支承框架在纵侧与相应的主框架32、34连接。附加地，两个内部的框架32、33在另一纵侧上彼此相连，从而产生支承结构，其中分别一个主框架32、34与一个另一支承框架31、33连接。附加地，在一侧上支承框架31与另一支承框架36连接，在该另一支承框架上固定有操作台37以及保持和保护元件38。操作台如可见的那样构造为箱形的，使得运输车的用于紧急情况(当从外部通过未示出的但存在的集电器至运输车的外部的能量输送被中断时)的至少一个未示出的自身的能量供应装置例如可以固定地或者可更换地被安放在操作台37的箱形外壳内部。
主框架32、34中的每个和框架36在其底侧在每个纵向侧上具有一个驱动轮40，所述驱动轮由行驶驱动器41驱动。由四个运输设备31至34组成的运输车可以这样横向于运输元件3的运输方向11沿双箭头43的方向移动。要被运输的货物于是可以沿两个彼此垂直的方向被运输。
优选地，所有的支承框架31至34被设计为自支承的框架，在所述自支承的框架的情况下，所有起作用的框架部件也对稳定性有利。优选地，框架部件设有元件，所述元件能够实现相邻框架部件之间的插拔连接。就是说，相邻的框架部件可以通过插拔连接简单地相对于彼此定位并且彼此连接。用于这种插拔连接的元件可以是连接板或者销栓，其被装配入另外的框架部件的刚好合适地设计的孔中。这同样适用于下面情况下的电插拔连接和电缆接头：仅在支承框架31至34中的一个支承框架旁、中或上存在运输车本来的能量供应装置并且另外的支承框架的驱动机构在紧急情况下必须被供应能量。备选地，运输车也可以仅具有一个唯一的支承框架。

Claims (8)

1.运输车，该运输车包括至少一个支承框架以及一个集电器，至少一个从动的运输元件设置在所述支承框架中，所述集电器用于驱动机构的供电，所述驱动机构用于驱动所述至少一个运输元件和用于驱动运输车自身，其特征在于，所述运输车具有自身的能量源，所述能量源设计为独立于用于运输车的正常运行的中央供电装置。
2.按照权利要求1所述的运输车，其特征在于，所述自身的能量源是可重复充电的蓄电池。
3.按照权利要求1所述的运输车，其特征在于，所述自身的能量源是至少一个电容器。
4.按照权利要求1、2或3所述的运输车，其特征在于，所述运输车的自身的能量源固定地安装在所述运输车中。
5.按照权利要求1、2或3所述的运输车，其特征在于，所述运输车的自身的能量源可更换地设置在所述运输车中。
6.用于运行运输车的方法，该运输车包括至少一个支承框架以及一个集电器，至少一个从动的运输元件设置在所述支承框架中，所述集电器用于驱动机构的供电，所述驱动机构用于驱动所述至少一个运输元件和用于驱动运输车自身，其特征在于，所述运输车具有一个自身的能量源，所述能量源设计为独立于用于运输车的正常运行的中央供电装置，并且传感器存在于运输车上和/或运输车外部，所述传感器检测紧急情况并且激活相应的机构，以便能够对紧急情况作出反应。
7.按照权利要求6所述的运输车，其特征在于，所述机构是切换机构，当中央供电从外部被取消时，所述切换结构将运输车的所述自身的的能量源转接到其驱动机构上。
8.按照权利要求6或7所述的运输车，其特征在于，利用所述机构识别紧急情况的类型，并且基于此引起运输车继续移动或者开始紧急制动。
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