CN107836291B - Interplanting method of Cassia alata and Stylosanthes guianensis - Google Patents

Interplanting method of Cassia alata and Stylosanthes guianensis Download PDF

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CN107836291B
CN107836291B CN201711134702.9A CN201711134702A CN107836291B CN 107836291 B CN107836291 B CN 107836291B CN 201711134702 A CN201711134702 A CN 201711134702A CN 107836291 B CN107836291 B CN 107836291B
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cassia
percent
planting
extract
seeds
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CN107836291A (en
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易显凤
姚娜
丘金花
赖志强
梁永良
曾繁泉
黄志朝
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Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Institute of Animal Husbandry
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Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Institute of Animal Husbandry
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
    • A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/08—Immunising seed
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
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    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
    • A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
    • A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
    • A01N43/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
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    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/08—Alkali metal chlorides; Alkaline earth metal chlorides
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    • A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
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    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
    • A01N59/18—Mercury
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A01N61/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing substances of unknown or undetermined composition, e.g. substances characterised only by the mode of action
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    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/12—Asteraceae or Compositae [Aster or Sunflower family], e.g. daisy, pyrethrum, artichoke, lettuce, sunflower, wormwood or tarragon
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/18—Euphorbiaceae [Spurge family], e.g. ricinus [castorbean]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/20—Fabaceae or Leguminosae [Pea or Legume family], e.g. pea, lentil, soybean, clover, acacia, honey locust, derris or millettia
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/28—Myrtaceae [Myrtle family], e.g. teatree or clove
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
    • A01N65/42—Aloeaceae [Aloe family] or Liliaceae [Lily family], e.g. aloe, veratrum, onion, garlic or chives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers

Abstract

the invention relates to the technical field of planting, in particular to an interplanting method of Cassia alata and Cassia alata, which adopts the inter-planting of Cassia alata and utilizes the super-strong cadmium-rich capability of Cassia alata to achieve the purpose of improving the cadmium content in soil; simultaneously this application still utilizes the superstrong nitrogen fixation ability of the cassia tora of wing pod and reaches and provide sufficient nitrogen element for soil, guarantees that the growth of pillar flower grass carries out the intergrowth with the cassia tora of wing pod, and this application carries out the preliminary treatment to pillar flower grass branch and the cassia tora seed of wing pod, can improve the rooting rate of the cassia tora of wing pod germination percentage and pillar flower grass greatly, effectively promotes the growth of the cassia tora of wing pod and pillar flower grass, reaches the intergrowth of the cassia tora of wing pod and pillar flower grass, thereby reaches and accelerates to supply soil fertility, further improves the purpose of cadmium content in the soil.

Description

interplanting method of Cassia alata and Stylosanthes guianensis
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
the invention relates to the technical field of planting, in particular to a method for interplanting cassia winged pod and stylosanthes guianensis.
[ background of the invention ]
in recent years, as industrial activities are more and more frequent, soil is more and more polluted, cadmium is an unnecessary element for human bodies, and exists in a compound state in the nature, generally, the content is very low, the health of the human bodies is not affected in a normal environment state, when the environment is polluted by cadmium, cadmium can be enriched in organisms and enters the human bodies through food chains to cause chronic poisoning, cadmium is absorbed by the human bodies to form cadmium-sulfur protein in the bodies, and selectively accumulates in liver and kidney, wherein the kidney can absorb nearly 1/3 of cadmium entering the bodies and is a target organ of cadmium poisoning, and other organs such as spleen, pancreas, thyroid gland, hair and the like also accumulate in a certain amount; diabetes, proteinuria and aminouria develop in patients due to cadmium damage to renal tubules. In particular, it can block the metabolism of bone, and cause a series of symptoms such as osteoporosis, atrophy and deformity. Through researches, leguminous plants can effectively improve the cadmium enrichment capacity, for example, the leguminous plants with the application number of 201019050049.7 and the application name of a method for restoring heavy metal cadmium polluted soil by using leguminous shrubs can be planted in cadmium polluted soil by using Cassia alata (the scientific name is Cassia alata), so that the aim of restoring cadmium pollution is achieved, but through researches of applicants, the leguminous plant cannot be quickly enriched with cadmium and restore cadmium pollution only by planting the Cassia alata.
Stylosanthes (Stylosanthes), also called Brazilian alfalfa, tropical alfalfa and the like, can grow quickly, also has certain capacity of repairing cadmium pollution, and is a pasture widely planted in the south of China; the growth ability of the plant is extremely strong, but the stylosanthes guianensis has vigorous growth ability and can not be symbiotic with other plants, and if the stylosanthes guianensis and the cassia winged bud can be symbiotic, the problem of cadmium pollution can be rapidly improved. Meanwhile, the cassia wingnut has strong nitrogen fixation capacity, can effectively supplement soil fertility and further improve soil quality.
[ summary of the invention ]
In view of the above, there is a need to provide a method for interplanting cassia alata and stylosanthes guianensis, which can realize symbiosis of cassia alata and stylosanthes guianensis, thereby achieving the purposes of repairing cadmium pollution in soil, effectively supplementing soil fertility and further improving soil quality.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A method for interplanting Cassia alata and Stylosanthes guianensis comprises the following steps:
(1) land block arrangement: turning the pre-ground and then mixing the pre-ground with the ground according to the proportion of 1kg/m2-2kg/m2The application amount of (2) is 500g/m of the disinfectant powder2-800g/m2Watering the pre-planted land with the watering amount, covering the pre-planted land with a mulching film, uncovering the mulching film after covering for 20-30 days, and applying organic fertilizer I to the pre-planted land, wherein the application amount of the organic fertilizer I is 1kg/m2-2kg/m2After fertilizing, curing for 15d-20d to obtain a planting land block;
(2) pretreatment of Cassia alata seeds: selecting healthy and plump Cassia alata seeds, mixing the Cassia alata seeds with a disinfectant according to a mass ratio of 1:2-3, soaking for 5-10 min, washing with distilled water, soaking the Cassia alata seeds and a seed soaking liquid according to a mass ratio of 1:3-4 for 24-26 h at a constant temperature of 25-30 ℃, filtering after soaking, draining the seeds, uniformly placing the seeds in a culture cup, and culturing under the conditions that the temperature is 25-30 ℃, the relative humidity is 10-15%, and the illumination intensity is 800Lx-1000Lx until the Cassia alata seedlings with the height of 5-7 cm grow out; the washing mode of the distilled water is as follows: filtering Cassia alata seeds from a disinfectant, taking out, mixing the Cassia alata seeds and distilled water according to the mass ratio of 1:2, stirring for 1min, removing the distilled water, mixing the Cassia alata seeds and the distilled water according to the mass ratio of 1:2, stirring, and repeatedly washing for 5-7 times;
(3) Planting Cassia alata: performing hole sowing on the Cassia alata seedlings in the step (2) on the planting land blocks in the step (1) according to the plant-row spacing of 30-40 cm multiplied by 30-40 cm, and watering the planting land blocks irregularly to keep the relative humidity of the planting land blocks at 20% -30%;
(4) Pretreatment of stylosanthes guianensis branches: cutting the stylosanthes guianensis branches with the length of 10-15 cm, cutting off redundant branches and leaves, and only leaving 1-2 branches and 2-3 leaves; then inserting the bottom of the stylosanthes guianensis branches into branch treatment water for soaking, and obtaining pretreated stylosanthes guianensis branches when the branches grow root hairs with the length of 2cm-5 cm;
(5) Interplanting stylosanthes guianensis: planting the columna pulchra branches pretreated in the step (4) between two adjacent rows of cassia alata after planting the cassia alata in the step (3) for 30d-40d, and planting the branches according to the ratio of 500g/m2-600g/m2spraying foliar fertilizer into the whole planting plot at intervals of 15d-17d, and then spraying once according to the same spraying amount.
Further, the sterilizing powder in the step (1) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of calcium oxide, 8-13 parts of eucalyptus extract, 9-15 parts of sweet wormwood extract, 7-13 parts of chrysanthemum root bark extract and 5-11 parts of chitosan.
Further, the organic fertilizer I in the step (1) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of vermiculite, 15-25 parts of cassava dregs, 13-23 parts of mulberry leaf enzyme, 14-26 parts of soybean hulls and 23-35 parts of peanut bran.
Further, the disinfectant in the step (2) comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.1% -0.3% of HgCl21 to 3 percent of aloe extract, 2 to 5 percent of willow bark extract and the balance of water.
Further, the seed soaking liquid in the step (2) comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1 to 3 percent of potassium permanganate, 1 to 3 percent of gibberellin, 1 to 3 percent of sodium chloride, 1 to 3 percent of okra extract and the balance of water.
Further, a culture solution is also filled in the culture cup in the step (2), and the culture solution comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 5 to 7 percent of cassava residue soak solution I, 2 to 5 percent of trehalose, 1 to 3 percent of spirulina extract, 1 to 3 percent of dragon fruit stem extract and the balance of water.
Further, the branch treatment water in the step (4) comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 5 to 7 percent of cassava residue soak solution II, 2 to 5 percent of humic acid, 1 to 3 percent of indoleacetic acid, 1 to 3 percent of soybean extract and the balance of water.
Further, the foliar fertilizer in the step (5) comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 5 to 7 percent of urine, 2 to 5 percent of potassium nitrate, 1 to 3 percent of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 to 3 percent of soybean extract and the balance of water.
The gibberellin used herein is (GA 3).
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. The method can realize the interplanting and symbiosis of the stylosanthes guianensis and the cassia tora, so that the purpose of providing enough nitrogen elements for soil by utilizing the super-strong nitrogen fixation capacity of the cassia tora is achieved, the stylosanthes guianensis can also symbiotically grow with the stylosanthes guianensis under the condition of ensuring the growth of the stylosanthes guianensis, and the purpose of improving the cadmium content in the soil by utilizing the super-strong cadmium-rich capacity of the stylosanthes guianensis is; different from conventional planting, the method is characterized in that the planting land is disinfected by using disinfection powder in advance before planting, harmful pathogenic bacteria which are not suitable for growth of white hyacinth beans in soil can be effectively killed, the disinfection powder is composed of calcium oxide, a eucalyptus extract, a sweet wormwood herb extract, a chrysanthemum root bark extract and chitosan, except the calcium oxide which is an inorganic substance and organic substance extracts, the formula has an active ingredient which can kill pathogenic microorganisms to kill viruses, and the active ingredient can be decomposed into organic substances through the effects of land burying, stack retting and the like at the later stage, so that the environment cannot be polluted; this application is according to the growth characteristic of wing pod cassia tora, organic fertilizer I is applyed at the planting process in advance, organic fertilizer I is by the vermiculite, the cassava sediment, the mulberry leaf ferment, soybean shell and peanut bran are constituteed, wherein, contain abundant probiotic in addition to abundant organic matter among the cassava sediment, the mulberry leaf ferment, macromolecular substance in the organic fertilizer I can effectively be decomposed, especially vegetable protein, can turn into micromolecular substance with the organic matter, more do benefit to the plant and absorb, contain abundant protein in soybean shell and the peanut bran, be the main source of organic fertilizer nitrogen source, the vermiculite improves the effect of organic fertilizer porosity in organic fertilizer fermentation process, make organic fertilizer I porosity increase, promote the decomposition of microorganism to organic fertilizer I, improve the soil property before being fit for planting.
2. The method also comprises the steps of pretreating the seeds of the cassia wingpod, and disinfecting the seeds of the cassia wingpod by using a disinfectant in the pretreatment; the disinfectant consists of HgCl2The disinfection solution contains Hg, and also contains abundant barbaloin, aloe polysaccharide, salicin and tannin components, which can play a broad-spectrum sterilization role and effectively kill harmful microorganisms in the seeds of the Cassia alata; the invention also uses seed soaking liquid to pretreat the cassia seed, the seed soaking liquid is composed of potassium permanganate, gibberellin, sodium chloride and okra extract; wherein potassium permanganate, gibberellin, okra polysaccharide and flavonoids can effectively improve the conversion rate of organic matters of the cassia wingpod seeds and effectively improve the germination rate of the cassia wingpod seeds; the cassia wingpod culture solution is prepared from cassava residue soaking solution I, trehalose, a spirulina extract, vitamin C in a dragon fruit stem extract and dragon fruit polysaccharide, and can obviously improve the growth capacity of cassia wingpod seeds.
3. The method also comprises the steps of pretreating the stylosanthes guianensis, wherein branch treatment water is utilized to pretreat the stylosanthes guianensis, and consists of cassava residue soaking liquid II, humic acid, indoleacetic acid and a soybean extract; the cassava residue soaking solution II and humic acid can provide fertility for stylosanthes guianensis, and the indoleacetic acid can promote the transformation of stylosanthes guianensis seeds and the total flavonoids and amino acid substances of the soybean extract can effectively improve the rooting capacity of the stylosanthes guianensis; the application also uses the foliar fertilizer to fertilize the stylosanthes, the foliar fertilizer can effectively improve the growth capacity of the stylosanthes by total flavonoids and amino acids in the soybean extracts consisting of urine, potassium nitrate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and soybean extracts, wherein the urine can provide N element for the stylosanthes, the potassium nitrate can provide N, K element for the stylosanthes, and the sodium dihydrogen phosphate can provide P element for the stylosanthes.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract) is merely an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features, unless explicitly described as such.
Example 1:
A method for interplanting Cassia alata and Stylosanthes guianensis comprises the following steps:
(1) Land block arrangement: turning the pre-ground and then mixing the pre-ground with the ground according to the proportion of 1kg/m2The application amount of (2) is 500g/m of the disinfectant powder2watering the pre-planted land with the watering amount, covering the pre-planted land with a mulching film, uncovering the mulching film after covering for 20 days, and applying organic fertilizer I to the pre-planted land, wherein the application amount of the organic fertilizer I is 1kg/m2After fertilization, curing for 15d to obtain a planting land block;
(2) pretreatment of Cassia alata seeds: selecting healthy and plump Cassia alata seeds, mixing the Cassia alata seeds with a disinfectant according to a mass ratio of 1:2, soaking for 5min, washing with distilled water, soaking the Cassia alata seeds and a seed soaking liquid according to a mass ratio of 1:3 at a constant temperature of 25 ℃ for 24h, filtering after soaking, draining the seeds, uniformly placing the seeds in a culture cup, and culturing under the conditions of a temperature of 25 ℃, a relative humidity of 10% and a light intensity of 800Lx until Cassia alata seedlings with a height of 5cm grow out; the washing mode of the distilled water is as follows: filtering Cassia alata seeds from a disinfectant, taking out, mixing the Cassia alata seeds and distilled water according to the mass ratio of 1:2, stirring for 1min, removing the distilled water, mixing the Cassia alata seeds and the distilled water according to the mass ratio of 1:2, stirring, and repeatedly washing for 5-7 times;
(3) Planting Cassia alata: performing hole sowing on the Cassia alata seedlings in the step (2) on the planting land in the step (1) according to the plant-row spacing of 30cm multiplied by 30cm, and watering the planting land irregularly to keep the relative humidity of the planting land at 20%;
(4) Pretreatment of stylosanthes guianensis branches: cutting a stylosanthes guianensis branch with the length of 10cm, cutting off redundant branches and leaves, and only leaving 1 branch and 2 leaves; then inserting the bottom of the stylosanthes guianensis branches into branch treatment water for soaking, and obtaining pretreated stylosanthes guianensis branches when the branches grow root hairs with the length of 2 cm;
(5) Interplanting stylosanthes guianensis: planting the stylosanthes guianensis branches pretreated in the step (4) between two adjacent rows of the cassia tora after planting the cassia tora in the step (3) for 30 days, and planting the stylosanthes guianensis branches according to the proportion of 500g/m2spraying foliar fertilizer into the whole planting plot, and spraying once again according to the same spraying amount after 15 days.
wherein, the sterilizing powder in the step (1) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of calcium oxide, 8 parts of eucalyptus extract, 9 parts of sweet wormwood extract, 7 parts of chrysanthemum root bark extract and 5 parts of chitosan.
The method for extracting the eucalyptus extract from the sterilizing powder comprises the following steps: mixing eucalyptus leaves with the water content of 5% and bark according to the mass ratio of 1:2, crushing, screening by a 100-mesh screen, dividing the powder into two parts, putting one part into a butanol solution with the mass ratio of 3 times and the volume percentage of 20% of butanol, performing reflux extraction for 22 hours, filtering, taking the solvent, performing reduced pressure distillation, and drying until the water content is 3% to obtain a eucalyptus extract I; and putting the other part into a petroleum ether solution with the mass part being 4 times and the volume percentage of the petroleum ether being 10%, performing reflux extraction for 24 hours, filtering, taking the solvent, performing reduced pressure distillation, and drying until the water content is 3% to obtain a eucalyptus extract II. In the eucalyptus extract, the content of terpenoid components is 45.36mg/g, the content of flavonoid components is 187.14mg/g, the content of tannin components is 25.87mg/g, the content of phloroglucinol components is 121.32mg/g, and the content of glucoside components is 109.76 mg/g.
② the extraction method of the sweet wormwood extract in the sterilizing powder is as follows: mashing fresh sweet wormwood, adding 3 times of ethanol solution with the volume percentage of 80% ethanol, uniformly mixing, putting the mixture into an ultrasonic extractor for ultrasonic extraction, wherein the ultrasonic extraction power is 20kHz and 90W ultrasonic waves, the extraction temperature is 50 ℃, after single action for 20min, stopping 1min, continuing to perform single action for 20min, repeating the single action for 5 times, filtering, taking filtrate, performing rotary evaporation concentration and drying until the water content is 4%, and obtaining sweet wormwood extract, wherein the artemisinin component in the extract is 87.88%.
③ the extraction method of the chrysanthemum root-bark extract in the sterilizing powder is as follows: drying chrysanthemum root bark until the water content is 4%, then mixing chrysanthemum root and chrysanthemum bark according to the mass ratio of 1:2, crushing, screening by a 40-mesh screen, dividing the powder into two parts, putting one part into a butanol solution with the mass ratio of 3 times that of the chrysanthemum root and the chrysanthemum bark and the butanol of 25% by volume, performing reflux extraction for 30 hours, filtering, taking the solvent, performing reduced pressure distillation, and drying until the water content is 3% to obtain a chrysanthemum root bark extract I; and putting the other part into an acetone solution with the mass part being 6 times that of the chrysanthemum root bark extract II and the volume percentage of acetone being 10%, performing reflux extraction for 32 hours, filtering, taking the solvent, performing reduced pressure distillation, and drying until the water content is 3% to obtain the chrysanthemum root bark extract II. In the chrysanthemum root-bark extract, the content of the marigold-3-O-glucoside is 361.24mg/g, and the content of the flavonoid component is 518.03 mg/g.
the preparation method of the antivirus powder comprises the following steps: respectively screening the calcium oxide, the eucalyptus extract, the sweet wormwood extract, the chrysanthemum root bark extract and the chitosan through 200-mesh screens, weighing the components in parts by weight, and mixing the components to obtain the chrysanthemum health-care tea.
Wherein the organic fertilizer I in the step (1) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of vermiculite, 15 parts of manioc waste, 13 parts of mulberry leaf enzyme, 14 parts of soybean hulls and 23 parts of peanut bran.
The cassava residues in the organic fertilizer I are derived from the following raw materials: the organic matter content of the waste residue obtained after the cassava alcohol fermentation can reach 90 percent, wherein the COD content is 200 mg/L.
② the mulberry leaf enzyme in the organic fertilizer I is: putting fresh mulberry leaves into a constant-temperature fermentation chamber with the temperature of 25 ℃ and the relative humidity of 15% for stack retting, and spraying sucrose water into the mulberry leaves according to the addition of 20mg/g during stack retting, wherein the concentration of the sucrose water is 3 mol/L; and (3) retting for 10 days, adding dry yeast into the mulberry leaves according to the addition of 5mg/g, uniformly stirring, and sealing and fermenting the fermentation chamber for 40 days to obtain the mulberry leaf enzyme.
The production method of the organic fertilizer I comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials according to the weight parts, uniformly mixing, and then putting the mixture into an anaerobic fermentation chamber with the temperature of 28 ℃ and the relative humidity of 15% for fermentation for 10 days.
Wherein, the disinfectant in the step (2) comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.1% HgCl21% of aloe extract, 2% of willow bark extract and the balance of water.
The extraction method of the aloe extract in the disinfectant comprises the following steps: crushing fresh aloe with skin, adding 70% ethanol solution according to the mass ratio of aloe to ethanol of 1:4, standing at-3 deg.C for 24h, ultrasonic extracting in an ultrasonic extractor at 50 deg.C for 30min at 500w, reflux-extracting in a reflux extractor at 100 deg.C for 6h, filtering, concentrating the filtrate by rotary evaporation, and drying until the water content is 3% to obtain aloe extract. The content of barbaloin in the extract is 132.45 mg/g; the aloe polysaccharide content is 245.98 mg/g.
② the method for extracting willow bark extract in the disinfection solution comprises: drying willow bark until the water content of the willow bark is 5%, then crushing the willow bark, sieving the willow bark with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain willow bark powder, mixing the willow bark powder and an ethanol solution according to the mass ratio of 1:6, and standing for 24 hours, wherein the volume percentage of the ethanol solution is 95%; standing, placing the mixture into a reflux extractor for reflux extraction for 12h, filtering, distilling the solvent under reduced pressure, and drying until the water content is 3% to obtain the chrysanthemum root bark extract II. The extract contains salicin 541.26mg/g and tannin 42.03 mg/g.
The preparation method of the disinfectant comprises the following steps: weighing HgCl according to the weight percentage2Mixing with Aloe extract, willow bark extract and water, slowly heating to 50 deg.C, stirring at constant temperature for 2min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain disinfectant.
wherein, the seed soaking liquid in the step (2) comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1% of potassium permanganate, 1% of gibberellin, 1% of sodium chloride, 1% of okra extract and the balance of water.
The method for extracting the okra extract in the seed soaking liquid comprises the following steps: crushing fresh okra with skin, adding 95% ethanol solution according to the weight ratio of okra to ethanol of 1:5, standing at-3 ℃ for 12h, placing into an ultrasonic extractor for ultrasonic extraction with the ultrasonic extraction power of 800w, the extraction temperature of 60 ℃ and the extraction time of 50min, placing into a reflux extractor for reflux extraction with the extraction temperature of 95 ℃ and the extraction time of 8h, filtering, taking the filtrate, performing rotary evaporation concentration and drying until the water content is 3%, and thus obtaining the okra extract. The content of okra polysaccharide in the extract is 368.32 mg/g; the content of flavonoids is 465.54 mg/g.
The configuration method of the seed soaking liquid comprises the following steps: weighing potassium permanganate, gibberellin, sodium chloride, okra extract and water according to the weight percentage, mixing, slowly heating to 60 ℃, stirring at constant temperature for 2min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain seed soaking liquid.
The culture cup in the step (2) is also filled with a culture solution, and the culture solution comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 5% of cassava residue soak solution I, 2% of trehalose, 1% of spirulina extract, 1% of dragon fruit stem extract and the balance of water.
The method for soaking the cassava residue soaking solution I in the culture solution comprises the following steps: drying waste residues generated in alcohol production by cassava fermentation until the water content is 10%, mixing the waste residues and distilled water according to the mass ratio of 2:1, heating to 60 ℃, soaking at constant temperature for 48h, and filtering to obtain a cassava residue soaking solution I. The organic matter content in the soaking solution can reach 534.32 mg/g.
② the extraction method of spirulina extract in the culture solution is: mixing spirulina and ethanol at a mass ratio of 1:8 with 95% ethanol, standing at-3 deg.C for 8h, ultrasonic extracting at 800w and 60 deg.C for 60min, filtering, concentrating the filtrate by rotary evaporation, and drying until the water content is 3% to obtain spirulina extract. The linoleic acid content in the extract is 416.28 mg/g; the vitamin content is 95.54mg/g
③ the extraction method of the pitaya stem extract in the culture solution comprises the following steps: peeling dragon fruit stems, grinding, adding 70% ethanol solution according to the mass ratio of the dragon fruit stems to the ethanol of 1:4, standing for 18h under a freezing condition at the temperature of-3 ℃, performing reflux extraction at a constant temperature of 100 ℃ for 6h, filtering, concentrating filtrate by rotary evaporation, and drying until the water content is 3% to obtain the aloe extract. The content of vitamin C in the extract is 154.25 mg/g; the content of dragon fruit polysaccharide is 365.25 mg/g.
The preparation method of the culture solution comprises the following steps: weighing the cassava residue soaking solution I, trehalose, a spirulina extract, a dragon fruit stem extract and water according to the weight percentage, mixing, slowly heating to 55 ℃, stirring at constant temperature for 2min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a culture solution.
Wherein, the branch treatment water in the step (4) comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 5% of cassava residue soaking liquid II, 2% of humic acid, 1% of indoleacetic acid, 1% of soybean extract and the balance of water.
the method for soaking the cassava residue soaking solution II in the branch treatment water comprises the following steps: drying waste residues generated in alcohol preparation through cassava fermentation until the water content is 10%, adding 75% alcohol according to the mass ratio of the cassava residues to the alcohol of 1:1, stirring for 1min, cleaning, filtering, drying, removing the alcohol, mixing the cassava residues and distilled water according to the mass ratio of the cassava residues to the distilled water of 3:1, heating to 60 ℃, soaking at constant temperature for 54h, and filtering to obtain cassava residue soaking liquid II. The organic matter content in the soaking solution can reach 754.03 mg/g.
② the extraction method of the soybean extract in the branch treatment water comprises: soaking soybeans overnight, filtering, mixing the soybeans and water according to the mass ratio of 1:1, grinding to obtain a mixed solution, mixing the mixed solution with 95% ethanol solution according to the mass ratio of 1:1, then performing microwave extraction with the microwave extraction power of 1000w, the temperature of 90 ℃, the extraction time of 3h, filtering to remove filter residues, performing rotary evaporation concentration on the filtrate, and drying until the water content is 3% to obtain a soybean extract, wherein the total flavone content in the extract is 340.34mg/g, and the total amino acid content is 213 mg/g.
The preparation method of the branch treatment water comprises the following steps: weighing the cassava residue soaking solution II, humic acid, indoleacetic acid, a soybean extract and water according to the weight percentage, mixing, slowly heating to 55 ℃, stirring at constant temperature for 2min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain branch treatment water.
Wherein, the foliar fertilizer in the step (5) comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 5% of urine, 2% of potassium nitrate, 1% of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 1% of soybean extract and the balance of water.
The source of urine in the foliar fertilizer is as follows: mixing the stock solutions of human and livestock urine, mixing the urine and water according to the mass ratio of 1:3, filtering to remove impurities, and taking the filtrate to obtain the urine in the foliar fertilizer.
② the extraction method of the soybean extract in the foliar fertilizer comprises: soaking soybeans overnight, filtering, mixing the soybeans and water according to the mass ratio of 1:1, grinding to obtain a mixed solution, mixing the mixed solution with 95% ethanol solution according to the mass ratio of 1:1, then performing microwave extraction with the microwave extraction power of 1000w, the temperature of 90 ℃, the extraction time of 3h, filtering to remove filter residues, performing rotary evaporation concentration on the filtrate, and drying until the water content is 3% to obtain a soybean extract, wherein the total flavone content in the extract is 340.34mg/g, and the total amino acid content is 213 mg/g.
The preparation method of the foliar fertilizer comprises the following steps: weighing the cassava residue soak solution II, humic acid, indoleacetic acid, soybean extract and water according to the weight percentage, mixing, slowly heating to 55 ℃, stirring at constant temperature for 2min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the disinfectant
Example 2:
A method for interplanting Cassia alata and Stylosanthes guianensis comprises the following steps:
(1) Land block arrangement: turning the pre-ground and then according to the proportion of 2kg/m2The application amount of (2) is that the antivirus powder is thrown into the pre-ground land according to the proportion of 800g/m2watering the pre-planted land with the watering amount, covering the pre-planted land with a mulching film, uncovering the mulching film after covering for 30 days, and applying an organic fertilizer I to the pre-planted land, wherein the application amount of the organic fertilizer I is 2kg/m2After fertilization, curing for 20d to obtain a planting land block;
(2) pretreatment of Cassia alata seeds: selecting healthy and plump Cassia alata seeds, mixing the Cassia alata seeds with a disinfectant according to a mass ratio of 1:3, soaking for 10min, washing with distilled water, soaking the Cassia alata seeds and a seed soaking liquid according to a mass ratio of 1:4 at a constant temperature of 30 ℃ for 26h, filtering after soaking, draining the seeds, uniformly placing the seeds in a culture cup, and culturing under the conditions of a temperature of 30 ℃, a relative humidity of 15% and a light intensity of 1000Lx until Cassia alata seedlings with a height of 7cm grow out; the washing mode of the distilled water is as follows: filtering Cassia alata seeds from a disinfectant, taking out, mixing the Cassia alata seeds and distilled water according to the mass ratio of 1:2, stirring for 1min, removing the distilled water, mixing the Cassia alata seeds and the distilled water according to the mass ratio of 1:2, stirring, and repeatedly washing for 7 times;
(3) planting Cassia alata: performing hole sowing on the Cassia alata seedlings in the step (2) on the planting land in the step (1) according to the plant-row spacing of 40cm multiplied by 40cm, and watering the planting land irregularly to keep the relative humidity of the planting land at 30%;
(4) Pretreatment of stylosanthes guianensis branches: cutting a stylosanthes guianensis branch with the length of 15cm, cutting off redundant branches and leaves, and only leaving 2 branches and 3 leaves; then inserting the bottom of the stylosanthes guianensis branches into branch treatment water for soaking, and obtaining pretreated stylosanthes guianensis branches when the branches grow 5cm long root hairs;
(5) Interplanting stylosanthes guianensis: planting the stylosanthes guianensis branches pretreated in the step (4) between two adjacent rows of the cassia tora after planting the cassia tora in the step (3) for 40 days, and planting the stylosanthes guianensis branches according to the ratio of 600g/m2Spraying foliar fertilizer into the whole planting plot, and spraying once again according to the same spraying amount after the interval of 17 days.
Wherein, the sterilizing powder in the step (1) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of calcium oxide, 13 parts of eucalyptus extract, 15 parts of sweet wormwood extract, 13 parts of chrysanthemum root bark extract and 11 parts of chitosan.
(the extraction method of the antivirus powder eucalyptus extract, the extraction method of the artemisia apiacea extract, the extraction method of the chrysanthemum root bark extract and the preparation method of the antivirus powder are completely the same as the embodiment 1.)
wherein the organic fertilizer I in the step (1) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of vermiculite, 25 parts of manioc waste, 23 parts of mulberry leaf enzyme, 26 parts of soybean hulls and 35 parts of peanut bran.
(the source of the cassava residue in the organic fertilizer I, the preparation method of the mulberry leaf enzyme and the production method of the organic fertilizer I are completely the same as those in the example 1.)
Wherein, the disinfectant in the step (2) comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.3% HgCl23% of aloe extract, 5% of willow bark extract and the balance of water.
(the method for extracting aloe extract, the method for extracting willow bark extract and the method for preparing the disinfectant are completely the same as in example 1.)
Wherein, the seed soaking liquid in the step (2) comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 3 percent of potassium permanganate, 3 percent of gibberellin, 3 percent of sodium chloride, 3 percent of okra extract and the balance of water.
(the extraction method of the okra extract in the seed soaking solution and the preparation method of the seed soaking solution are completely the same as those in example 1.)
The culture cup in the step (2) is also filled with a culture solution, and the culture solution comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 7% of cassava residue soak solution I, 5% of trehalose, 3% of spirulina extract, 3% of dragon fruit stem extract and the balance of water.
(the method for soaking the cassava residue soak solution I in the culture solution, the method for extracting the spirulina extract, the method for extracting the dragon fruit stem extract and the preparation method of the culture solution are completely the same as those in the example 1.)
Wherein, the branch treatment water in the step (4) comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 7% of cassava residue soaking liquid II, 5% of humic acid, 3% of indoleacetic acid, 3% of soybean extract and the balance of water.
(the method for soaking the cassava residue soaking solution II in the branch treatment water, the method for extracting the soybean extract and the method for preparing the branch treatment water are completely the same as those in example 1.)
wherein, the foliar fertilizer in the step (5) comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 7% of urine, 5% of potassium nitrate, 3% of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 3% of soybean extract and the balance of water.
(the source of urine in the foliar fertilizer, the extraction method of the soybean extract and the preparation method of the foliar fertilizer are completely the same as those in example 1.)
Example 3:
a method for interplanting Cassia alata and Stylosanthes guianensis comprises the following steps:
(1) Land block arrangement: turning the pre-ground land, and then according to the proportion of 1.5kg/m2the application amount of (2) is that the antivirus powder is sprinkled into the pre-ground land according to 600g/m2Watering the pre-planted land with the watering amount, covering the pre-planted land with a mulching film, uncovering the mulching film after covering for 25 days, and applying organic fertilizer I to the pre-planted land, wherein the application amount of the organic fertilizer I is 1.5kg/m2After fertilization, curing for 17d to obtain a planting land parcel;
(2) Pretreatment of Cassia alata seeds: selecting healthy and plump Cassia alata seeds, mixing the Cassia alata seeds with a disinfectant according to a mass ratio of 1:2.5, soaking for 7min, washing with distilled water, soaking the Cassia alata seeds and a seed soaking liquid according to a mass ratio of 1:3.5 at a constant temperature of 27 ℃ for 25h, filtering after soaking, draining the seeds, uniformly placing the seeds in a culture cup, and culturing under the conditions of a temperature of 27 ℃, a relative humidity of 12% and a light intensity of 900Lx until Cassia alata seedlings with a height of 6cm grow out; the washing mode of the distilled water is as follows: filtering Cassia alata seeds from a disinfectant, taking out, mixing the Cassia alata seeds and distilled water according to the mass ratio of 1:2, stirring for 1min, removing the distilled water, mixing the Cassia alata seeds and the distilled water according to the mass ratio of 1:2, stirring, and repeatedly washing for 5-7 times;
(3) Planting Cassia alata: performing hole sowing on the Cassia alata seedlings in the step (2) on the planting land in the step (1) according to the plant-row spacing of 35cm multiplied by 35cm, and watering the planting land irregularly to keep the relative humidity of the planting land at 25%;
(4) Pretreatment of stylosanthes guianensis branches: cutting 12cm long stylosanthes guianensis branches, cutting off redundant branches and leaves, and only leaving 1-2 branches and 3 leaves; then inserting the bottom of the stylosanthes guianensis branches into branch treatment water for soaking, and obtaining pretreated stylosanthes guianensis branches when the branches grow root hairs with the length of 4 cm;
(5) Interplanting stylosanthes guianensis: planting the stylosanthes guianensis branches pretreated in the step (4) between two adjacent rows of the cassia tora after planting the cassia tora 35d in the step (3), and planting the stylosanthes guianensis branches according to 550g/m2spraying foliar fertilizer into the whole planting plot, and spraying once again according to the same spraying amount after the interval of 16 d.
Wherein, the sterilizing powder in the step (1) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of calcium oxide, 10 parts of eucalyptus extract, 12 parts of sweet wormwood extract, 8 parts of chrysanthemum root bark extract and 6 parts of chitosan.
(the extraction method of the antivirus powder eucalyptus extract, the extraction method of the artemisia apiacea extract, the extraction method of the chrysanthemum root bark extract and the preparation method of the antivirus powder are completely the same as the embodiment 1.)
Wherein the organic fertilizer I in the step (1) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 7 parts of vermiculite, 20 parts of manioc waste, 18 parts of mulberry leaf enzyme, 20 parts of soybean hulls and 30 parts of peanut bran.
(the source of the cassava residue in the organic fertilizer I, the preparation method of the mulberry leaf enzyme and the production method of the organic fertilizer I are completely the same as those in the example 1.)
Wherein, the disinfectant in the step (2) comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.2% HgCl22% of aloe extract, 3% of willow bark extract and the balance of water.
(the method for extracting aloe extract, the method for extracting willow bark extract and the method for preparing the disinfectant are completely the same as in example 1.)
wherein, the seed soaking liquid in the step (2) comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2 percent of potassium permanganate, 2 percent of gibberellin, 2 percent of sodium chloride, 2 percent of okra extract and the balance of water.
(the extraction method of the okra extract in the seed soaking solution and the preparation method of the seed soaking solution are completely the same as those in example 1.)
the culture cup in the step (2) is also filled with a culture solution, and the culture solution comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 6% of cassava residue soak solution I, 4% of trehalose, 2% of spirulina extract, 2% of dragon fruit stem extract and the balance of water.
(the method for soaking the cassava residue soak solution I in the culture solution, the method for extracting the spirulina extract, the method for extracting the dragon fruit stem extract and the preparation method of the culture solution are completely the same as those in the example 1.)
Wherein, the branch treatment water in the step (4) comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 6% of cassava residue soaking liquid II, 4% of humic acid, 2% of indoleacetic acid, 2% of soybean extract and the balance of water.
(the method for soaking the cassava residue soaking solution II in the branch treatment water, the method for extracting the soybean extract and the method for preparing the branch treatment water are completely the same as those in example 1.)
wherein, the foliar fertilizer in the step (5) comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 6% of urine, 3% of potassium nitrate, 2% of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 2% of soybean extract and the balance of water.
(the source of urine in the foliar fertilizer, the extraction method of the soybean extract and the preparation method of the foliar fertilizer are completely the same as those in example 1.)
Control group 1:
The control group was planted exactly as in example 1, but the plots were not pre-treated with a sanitizer, and the other methods were exactly the same as in example 1.
Namely: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Land block arrangement: turning the pre-planted land, and applying organic fertilizer I in an amount of 1kg/m to the pre-planted land2after fertilization, curing for 15d to obtain a planting land block;
(2) Pretreatment of Cassia alata seeds: selecting healthy and plump Cassia alata seeds, mixing the Cassia alata seeds with a disinfectant according to a mass ratio of 1:2, soaking for 5min, washing with distilled water, soaking the Cassia alata seeds and a seed soaking liquid according to a mass ratio of 1:3 at a constant temperature of 25 ℃ for 24h, filtering after soaking, draining the seeds, uniformly placing the seeds in a culture cup, and culturing under the conditions of a temperature of 25 ℃, a relative humidity of 10% and a light intensity of 800Lx until Cassia alata seedlings with a height of 5cm grow out; the washing mode of the distilled water is as follows: filtering Cassia alata seeds from a disinfectant, taking out, mixing the Cassia alata seeds and distilled water according to the mass ratio of 1:2, stirring for 1min, removing the distilled water, mixing the Cassia alata seeds and the distilled water according to the mass ratio of 1:2, stirring, and repeatedly washing for 5-7 times;
(3) Planting Cassia alata: performing hole sowing on the Cassia alata seedlings in the step (2) on the planting land in the step (1) according to the plant-row spacing of 30cm multiplied by 30cm, and watering the planting land irregularly to keep the relative humidity of the planting land at 20%;
(4) Pretreatment of stylosanthes guianensis branches: cutting a stylosanthes guianensis branch with the length of 10cm, cutting off redundant branches and leaves, and only leaving 1 branch and 2 leaves; then inserting the bottom of the stylosanthes guianensis branches into branch treatment water for soaking, and obtaining pretreated stylosanthes guianensis branches when the branches grow root hairs with the length of 2 cm;
(5) Interplanting stylosanthes guianensis: planting the stylosanthes guianensis branches pretreated in the step (4) between two adjacent rows of the cassia tora after planting the cassia tora in the step (3) for 30 days, and planting the stylosanthes guianensis branches according to the proportion of 500g/m2Spraying foliar fertilizer into the whole planting plot, and spraying once again according to the same spraying amount after 15 days.
Control group 2:
the control group was planted exactly in the same way as in example 1, but the plots were not fertilized with organic fertilizer I, and the other methods were exactly the same as in example 1.
Namely: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) land block arrangement: turning the pre-ground and then mixing the pre-ground with the ground according to the proportion of 1kg/m2The application amount of (2) is 500g/m of the disinfectant powder2Watering the pre-planted land with the watering amount, then covering the pre-planted land with a mulching film, and uncovering the mulching film after covering for 20 days to obtain a planting land block;
(2) Pretreatment of Cassia alata seeds: selecting healthy and plump Cassia alata seeds, mixing the Cassia alata seeds with a disinfectant according to a mass ratio of 1:2, soaking for 5min, washing with distilled water, soaking the Cassia alata seeds and a seed soaking liquid according to a mass ratio of 1:3 at a constant temperature of 25 ℃ for 24h, filtering after soaking, draining the seeds, uniformly placing the seeds in a culture cup, and culturing under the conditions of a temperature of 25 ℃, a relative humidity of 10% and a light intensity of 800Lx until Cassia alata seedlings with a height of 5cm grow out; the washing mode of the distilled water is as follows: filtering Cassia alata seeds from a disinfectant, taking out, mixing the Cassia alata seeds and distilled water according to the mass ratio of 1:2, stirring for 1min, removing the distilled water, mixing the Cassia alata seeds and the distilled water according to the mass ratio of 1:2, stirring, and repeatedly washing for 5-7 times;
(3) planting Cassia alata: performing hole sowing on the Cassia alata seedlings in the step (2) on the planting land in the step (1) according to the plant-row spacing of 30cm multiplied by 30cm, and watering the planting land irregularly to keep the relative humidity of the planting land at 20%;
(4) Pretreatment of stylosanthes guianensis branches: cutting a stylosanthes guianensis branch with the length of 10cm, cutting off redundant branches and leaves, and only leaving 1 branch and 2 leaves; then inserting the bottom of the stylosanthes guianensis branches into branch treatment water for soaking, and obtaining pretreated stylosanthes guianensis branches when the branches grow root hairs with the length of 2 cm;
(5) Interplanting stylosanthes guianensis: planting the stylosanthes guianensis branches pretreated in the step (4) between two adjacent rows of the cassia tora after planting the cassia tora in the step (3) for 30 days, and planting the stylosanthes guianensis branches according to the proportion of 500g/m2spraying foliar fertilizer into the whole planting plot, and spraying once again according to the same spraying amount after 15 days.
control group 3:
this control was grown exactly as in example 1, except that the cassia winged seed was not pretreated and the other procedure was exactly the same as in example 1.
Namely: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) land block arrangement: turning the pre-ground and then mixing the pre-ground with the ground according to the proportion of 1kg/m2The application amount of (2) is 500g/m of the disinfectant powder2watering the pre-planted land with the watering amount, covering the pre-planted land with a mulching film, uncovering the mulching film after covering for 20 days, and applying organic fertilizer I to the pre-planted land, wherein the application amount of the organic fertilizer I is 1kg/m2After fertilization, curing for 15d to obtain a planting land block;
(2) pretreatment of Cassia alata seeds: selecting healthy and plump Cassia alata seeds, and planting the Cassia alata seeds in sand until Cassia alata seedlings with the height of 5cm grow out;
(3) Planting Cassia alata: performing hole sowing on the Cassia alata seedlings in the step (2) on the planting land in the step (1) according to the plant-row spacing of 30cm multiplied by 30cm, and watering the planting land irregularly to keep the relative humidity of the planting land at 20%;
(4) Pretreatment of stylosanthes guianensis branches: cutting a stylosanthes guianensis branch with the length of 10cm, cutting off redundant branches and leaves, and only leaving 1 branch and 2 leaves; then inserting the bottom of the stylosanthes guianensis branches into branch treatment water for soaking, and obtaining pretreated stylosanthes guianensis branches when the branches grow root hairs with the length of 2 cm;
(5) interplanting stylosanthes guianensis: planting the stylosanthes guianensis branches pretreated in the step (4) between two adjacent rows of the cassia tora after planting the cassia tora in the step (3) for 30 days, and planting the stylosanthes guianensis branches according to the proportion of 500g/m2Spraying foliar fertilizer into the whole planting plot at the interval of 15 daysThe spraying amount of (2) is sprayed once.
Control group 4:
The control group was planted in exactly the same manner as in example 1, except that the stylosanthes guianensis was not pretreated, and the other methods were exactly the same as in example 1.
Namely: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) land block arrangement: turning the pre-ground and then mixing the pre-ground with the ground according to the proportion of 1kg/m2The application amount of (2) is 500g/m of the disinfectant powder2watering the pre-planted land with the watering amount, covering the pre-planted land with a mulching film, uncovering the mulching film after covering for 20 days, and applying organic fertilizer I to the pre-planted land, wherein the application amount of the organic fertilizer I is 1kg/m2After fertilization, curing for 15d to obtain a planting land block;
(2) Pretreatment of Cassia alata seeds: selecting healthy and plump Cassia alata seeds, mixing the Cassia alata seeds with a disinfectant according to a mass ratio of 1:2, soaking for 5min, washing with distilled water, soaking the Cassia alata seeds and a seed soaking liquid according to a mass ratio of 1:3 at a constant temperature of 25 ℃ for 24h, filtering after soaking, draining the seeds, uniformly placing the seeds in a culture cup, and culturing under the conditions of a temperature of 25 ℃, a relative humidity of 10% and a light intensity of 800Lx until Cassia alata seedlings with a height of 5cm grow out; the washing mode of the distilled water is as follows: filtering Cassia alata seeds from a disinfectant, taking out, mixing the Cassia alata seeds and distilled water according to the mass ratio of 1:2, stirring for 1min, removing the distilled water, mixing the Cassia alata seeds and the distilled water according to the mass ratio of 1:2, stirring, and repeatedly washing for 5-7 times; (ii) a
(3) Planting Cassia alata: performing hole sowing on the Cassia alata seedlings in the step (2) on the planting land in the step (1) according to the plant-row spacing of 30cm multiplied by 30cm, and watering the planting land irregularly to keep the relative humidity of the planting land at 20%;
(4) Treating stylosanthes guianensis branches: cutting the stylosanthes guianensis branches with the length of 10cm, cutting off redundant branches and leaves, only leaving 1 branch, and obtaining the stylosanthes guianensis branches by 2 leaves;
(5) interplanting stylosanthes guianensis: planting Cassia alata L.for 30 days in the step (3), and then pre-planting the step (4)planting the treated stylosanthes guianensis branches between two adjacent rows of cassia tora and planting the stylosanthes guianensis branches according to the concentration of 500g/m2Spraying foliar fertilizer into the whole planting plot, and spraying once again according to the same spraying amount after 15 days.
Control group 5:
The control group was planted exactly in the same manner as in example 1, but only cassia winglets were planted, and the other method was exactly the same as in example 1.
namely: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) land block arrangement: turning the pre-ground and then mixing the pre-ground with the ground according to the proportion of 1kg/m2The application amount of (2) is 500g/m of the disinfectant powder2Watering the pre-planted land with the watering amount, covering the pre-planted land with a mulching film, uncovering the mulching film after covering for 20 days, and applying organic fertilizer I to the pre-planted land, wherein the application amount of the organic fertilizer I is 1kg/m2after fertilization, curing for 15d to obtain a planting land block;
(2) Pretreatment of Cassia alata seeds: selecting healthy and plump Cassia alata seeds, mixing the Cassia alata seeds with a disinfectant according to a mass ratio of 1:2, soaking for 5min, washing with distilled water, soaking the Cassia alata seeds and a seed soaking liquid according to a mass ratio of 1:3 at a constant temperature of 25 ℃ for 24h, filtering after soaking, draining the seeds, uniformly placing the seeds in a culture cup, and culturing under the conditions of a temperature of 25 ℃, a relative humidity of 10% and a light intensity of 800Lx until Cassia alata seedlings with a height of 5cm grow out; the washing mode of the distilled water is as follows: filtering Cassia alata seeds from a disinfectant, taking out, mixing the Cassia alata seeds and distilled water according to the mass ratio of 1:2, stirring for 1min, removing the distilled water, mixing the Cassia alata seeds and the distilled water according to the mass ratio of 1:2, stirring, and repeatedly washing for 5-7 times; (ii) a
(3) planting Cassia alata: performing hole sowing on the Cassia alata seedlings in the step (2) on the planting land in the step (1) according to the plant-row spacing of 30cm multiplied by 30cm, watering the planting land irregularly, and keeping the relative humidity of the planting land at 20%
Control group 6:
The control group was planted in exactly the same manner as in example 1, but only Stylosanthes guianensis was planted, and the other methods were exactly the same as in example 1.
Namely: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Land block arrangement: turning the pre-ground and then mixing the pre-ground with the ground according to the proportion of 1kg/m2The application amount of (2) is 500g/m of the disinfectant powder2Watering the pre-planted land with the watering amount, covering the pre-planted land with a mulching film, uncovering the mulching film after covering for 20 days, and applying organic fertilizer I to the pre-planted land, wherein the application amount of the organic fertilizer I is 1kg/m2after fertilization, curing for 15d to obtain a planting land block;
(2) Pretreatment of stylosanthes guianensis branches: cutting a stylosanthes guianensis branch with the length of 10cm, cutting off redundant branches and leaves, and only leaving 1 branch and 2 leaves; then inserting the bottom of the stylosanthes guianensis branches into branch treatment water for soaking, and obtaining pretreated stylosanthes guianensis branches when the branches grow root hairs with the length of 2 cm;
(3) Interplanting stylosanthes guianensis: planting Stylosanthes guianensis at a plant-row spacing of 20cm × 20cm, and at a ratio of 500g/m2Spraying foliar fertilizer into the whole planting plot, and spraying once again according to the same spraying amount after 15 days.
Test run 1:
the experiment is completed in the experimental base of the research institute, the experimental plot is artificially manufactured to lead the cadmium content of the cadmium (Cd) -rich environment to reach 27.89mg/kg, the planting is carried out according to the methods of the examples 1-3 and the control groups 1-6, after 1 year of planting, the surface impurity layer is evenly scraped, and the nitrogen, phosphorus and cadmium (Cd) content and the organic matter content of the soil layer with the thickness of 2cm, the soil layer with the thickness of 5cm, the soil layer with the thickness of 10cm and the soil layer with the thickness of 20cm are tested, and the contents are shown in the table 1:
TABLE 1
as can be seen from the above table, the nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter contents of the soil layer with thickness of 2cm, the soil layer with thickness of 5cm, the soil layer with thickness of 10cm and the soil layer with thickness of 20cm in the examples 1-3 are all higher than those of the control group 1-6, while the nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter contents of the soil layer with thickness of 2cm, the soil layer with thickness of 5cm, the soil layer with thickness of 10cm and the soil layer with thickness of 20cm in the control group 1-6 are the lowest, which indicates that the interplanting method of the stylosanthes guianensis and the cassia tora used in the application has stronger nitrogen fixation capability than that of single stylosanthes guianensis or the cassia tora planting and can also obviously improve the phosphorus and organic matter contents in the soil; the cadmium (Cd) content of the soil layer with the thickness of 2cm, the soil layer with the thickness of 5cm, the soil layer with the thickness of 10cm and the soil layer with the thickness of 20cm in the examples 1-3 is obviously lower than that of the control group 1-6, and the cadmium (Cd) content of the soil layer with the thickness of 2cm, the soil layer with the thickness of 5cm, the soil layer with the thickness of 10cm and the soil layer with the thickness of 20cm in the control group 5 and the control group 6 is the highest in the control group 1-6, so that the method for interplanting the stylosanthes guianensis and the cassia winged cassia tora, which is used in the application, has the purpose of reducing the cadmium (Cd) content in the soil more strongly than that of the single stylosanthes.
Test run 2:
Experiments were completed in the experimental base of the institute, planting was performed according to the methods of examples 1-3 and control groups 1-6, 3 seedlings were randomly selected for each treatment after 10 days of planting of the Styrax, and the seedling heights of the Cassia alata and the Styrax were measured with a ruler, respectively. The details are shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2
From the above table, it can be seen that: the seedlings of examples 1-3 are significantly higher than those of control groups 1-6, which shows that the sterilizing powder, the organic fertilizer I, the pretreatment of the seeds of the Cassia alata, the pretreatment of the Stylosanthes guianensis and the interplanting method of the Cassia alata can effectively improve the growth capacity of the Stylosanthes guianensis and the Cassia alata.
test run 3:
Single factor experiments were performed on cassia wingnut seed pretreatment: the cassia winged seed was divided equally into 9 groups and treated as per treatment as in table 3:
TABLE 3
After the seeds of the Cassia alata L.var.alata Maxim are treated according to the treatment method of the test group 1-9, the seeds are cultured for 7 days under the condition that the illumination intensity is 800Lx, the daily germination amount is counted at regular time every day from 1d after sowing, the germination is finished after 7d after sowing, the germination vigor and the germination rate are calculated, 3 seedlings are randomly selected for each treatment, the height and the main root length of the seedlings are measured by using a ruler, and the number of lateral roots is counted. See table 4 for details:
TABLE 4
Group of Germination vigor (%) Percentage of germination (%) seedling height (cm) Major root length (cm) Side radical number (strip)
Test group 1 41.67 31.67 8.73 7.86 15.31
test group 2 41.98 31.98 8.87 8.11 15.48
Test group 3 46.67 31.25 9.20 9.16 15.67
Test group 4 47.98 32.56 10.34 9.31 15.94
Test group 5 48.29 32.87 9.34 9.56 16.11
Test group 6 39.14 23.33 8.49 9.21 16.00
Test group 7 43.30 33.20 8.26 8.63 15.16
test group 8 44.14 34.17 9.23 9.04 15.50
test group 9 44.98 35.14 9.84 8.52 15.82
Control group 53.26 61.02 13.02 10.21 17.03
as can be seen from the above table, the germination vigor, the germination rate, the seedling height, the main root length and the root number of the test groups 1-9 are all obviously lower than those of the control group, which indicates that the disinfectant, the seed soaking solution and the culture solution used in the application can obviously improve the germination vigor, the germination rate, the seedling height, the main root length and the root number of the cassia wingpod seedlings; wherein the disinfectant contains Aloe extract and willow bark extract as main active components; the main active component in the seed soaking liquid is okra extract; the culture solution contains main active ingredients including cassava residue soaking solution I, Spirulina extract and dragon fruit stem extract.
In conclusion, the method of the invention utilizes the cassia podophyllum and the stylosanthes guianensis for interplanting, can effectively improve the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matters in soil, improve the soil environment, and simultaneously can effectively reduce the content of cadmium to improve the soil, and a series of treatment methods are used in the interplanting process: the sterilization powder, the organic fertilizer I, the pretreatment of the Cassia alata seeds and the pretreatment of the Stylosanthes guianensis can effectively improve the germination rate of the Cassia alata seeds and accelerate the growth of the Cassia alata and the Stylosanthes guianensis.
the above examples are merely illustrative of several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. The method for interplanting Cassia alata and Stylosanthes guianensis is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Land block arrangement: turning the pre-ground and then mixing the pre-ground with the ground according to the proportion of 1kg/m2-2kg/m2The application amount of (2) is 500g/m of the disinfectant powder2-800g/m2Watering the pre-planted land with the watering amount, covering the pre-planted land with a mulching film, uncovering the mulching film after covering for 20-30 days, and applying organic fertilizer I to the pre-planted land, wherein the application amount of the organic fertilizer I is 1kg/m2-2kg/m2after fertilizing, curing for 15d-20d to obtain a planting land block;
(2) Pretreatment of Cassia alata seeds: selecting healthy and plump Cassia alata seeds, mixing the Cassia alata seeds with a disinfectant according to a mass ratio of 1:2-3, soaking for 5-10 min, washing with distilled water, soaking the Cassia alata seeds and a seed soaking liquid according to a mass ratio of 1:3-4 for 24-26 h at a constant temperature of 25-30 ℃, filtering after soaking, draining the seeds, uniformly placing the seeds in a culture cup, and culturing under the conditions that the temperature is 25-30 ℃, the relative humidity is 10-15%, and the illumination intensity is 800Lx-1000Lx until the Cassia alata seedlings with the height of 5-7 cm grow out; the washing mode of the distilled water is as follows: filtering Cassia alata seeds from a disinfectant, taking out, mixing the Cassia alata seeds and distilled water according to the mass ratio of 1:2, stirring for 1min, removing the distilled water, mixing the Cassia alata seeds and the distilled water according to the mass ratio of 1:2, stirring, and repeatedly washing for 5-7 times;
(3) Planting Cassia alata: performing hole sowing on the Cassia alata seedlings in the step (2) on the planting land blocks in the step (1) according to the plant-row spacing of 30-40 cm multiplied by 30-40 cm, and watering the planting land blocks irregularly to keep the relative humidity of the planting land blocks at 20% -30%;
(4) Pretreatment of stylosanthes guianensis branches: cutting the stylosanthes guianensis branches with the length of 10-15 cm, cutting off redundant branches and leaves, and only leaving 1-2 branches and 2-3 leaves; then inserting the bottom of the stylosanthes guianensis branches into branch treatment water for soaking, and obtaining pretreated stylosanthes guianensis branches when the branches grow root hairs with the length of 2cm-5 cm;
(5) interplanting stylosanthes guianensis: planting the columna pulchra branches pretreated in the step (4) between two adjacent rows of cassia alata after planting the cassia alata in the step (3) for 30d-40d, and planting the branches according to the ratio of 500g/m2-600g/m2spraying foliar fertilizer into the whole planting plot at the spraying amount, and spraying once again according to the same spraying amount after 15d-17d intervals;
The disinfectant in the step (2) comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.1% -0.3% of HgCl21 to 3 percent of aloe extract, 2 to 5 percent of willow bark extract and the balance of water.
2. The method for interplanting cassia winged fruit and stylosanthes guianensis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the disinfectant powder in the step (1) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of calcium oxide, 8-13 parts of eucalyptus extract, 9-15 parts of sweet wormwood extract, 7-13 parts of chrysanthemum root bark extract and 5-11 parts of chitosan.
3. The method for interplanting cassia winged fruit and stylosanthes guianensis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic fertilizer I in the step (1) is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of vermiculite, 15-25 parts of cassava dregs, 13-23 parts of mulberry leaf enzyme, 14-26 parts of soybean hulls and 23-35 parts of peanut bran.
4. The method for interplanting cassia winged fruit and stylosanthes guianensis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seed soaking liquid in the step (2) comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1 to 3 percent of potassium permanganate, 1 to 3 percent of gibberellin, 1 to 3 percent of sodium chloride, 1 to 3 percent of okra extract and the balance of water.
5. The method for interplanting cassia winged fruit and stylosanthes guianensis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the culture medium is filled in the culture cups in the step (2), and the culture medium comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 5 to 7 percent of cassava residue soak solution I, 2 to 5 percent of trehalose, 1 to 3 percent of spirulina extract, 1 to 3 percent of dragon fruit stem extract and the balance of water.
6. The method for interplanting cassia winged fruit and stylosanthes guianensis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the branch treated water in the step (4) comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 5 to 7 percent of cassava residue soak solution II, 2 to 5 percent of humic acid, 1 to 3 percent of indoleacetic acid, 1 to 3 percent of soybean extract and the balance of water.
7. The method for interplanting cassia winged pod and stylosanthes guianensis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the foliar fertilizer in the step (5) comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 5 to 7 percent of urine, 2 to 5 percent of potassium nitrate, 1 to 3 percent of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 to 3 percent of soybean extract and the balance of water.
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