CN106818197A - A kind of implantation methods of clover interplanting legume and application - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of clover interplanting legume and application Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
A kind of implantation methods of clover interplanting legume and application, are related to agricultural plantation technology field.The method includes：Applications of farmyard manure is interplanted as base fertilizer, clover with legume；Clover is 25 35cm, the 2cm of depth of planting 0.5 of clover, the 16cm of legume depth of planting 10 with the line space of legume；The seed application rate of clover is 1.5 2.2kg/ mus, and legume planting density is 5,000 7000 plants/acre.Base fertilizer is applied by early stage, the nutrient sprouted with growth needs is provided to clover and legume, control suitable line space and depth of planting, under the premise for not influenceing clover and legume photosynthesis and germination, reach the maximum plantation amount of clover.The application of above-mentioned implantation methods, conveniently can on a large scale plant the clover of high-quality, and can obtain substantial amounts of high-quality, nutritive value herbage clover higher.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology field, and more particularly to a kind of implantation methods of clover interplanting legume and
Using.
Background technology
As economic constantly advances, the continuous progress of society, people gradually start the requirement to quality of the life
More and more higher；People are gradually vigorous to the demand of dairy produce, but the cultivation quantity of milk cow and the output of milk do not catch up with demand but.
One preferable means in the use of greenfeed during milk cattle cultivating.
Greenfeed needs substantial amounts of herbage raw material, but the pasture growing of China has to be strengthened, especially high quality forage
Plantation need reinforcement energetically.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the implantation methods that a kind of clover interplants legume, the method can be by simple
The programs such as farming, sowing, Planting Medicago sativa simultaneously obtains the clover raw material of substantial amounts of high-quality.
Another object of the present invention is to application of the above-mentioned implantation methods in alfalfa cultivation.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose of the invention, using following technical scheme：
A kind of clover interplants the implantation methods of legume, and it includes：
After turning over site preparation block, according to the farm manure of 1000-1600kg/ mus of amount administration as base fertilizer, clover and legume
Interplanted；
Clover is 25-35cm with the line space of legume, and the depth of planting 0.5-2cm of clover, legume sowing is deep
Degree 10-16cm；
The seed application rate of clover is 1.5-2.2kg/ mus, and legume planting density is 5000-7000 plants/acre.
Application of the above-mentioned implantation methods in alfalfa cultivation.
The beneficial effect of the embodiment of the present invention is：The clover that the present invention is provided interplants the implantation methods of legume, passes through
Early stage applies base fertilizer, and the nutrient sprouted with growth needs is provided to clover and legume, controls suitable line space and broadcasts
Depth is planted, under the premise for not influenceing clover and legume photosynthesis and germination, the maximum plantation amount of clover is reached.
The application of above-mentioned implantation methods, can conveniently on a large scale plant high-quality clover, and can obtain substantial amounts of high-quality,
Nutritive value herbage clover higher.
Specific embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below will be in the embodiment of the present invention
Technical scheme be clearly and completely described.Unreceipted actual conditions person, builds according to normal condition or manufacturer in embodiment
The condition of view is carried out.Agents useful for same or the unreceipted production firm person of instrument, are the conventional product that can be obtained by commercially available purchase
Product.
Implantation methods and application below to a kind of clover interplanting legume provided in an embodiment of the present invention carry out specific
Explanation.
Clover, annual or perennial herb, without vanilla odor.Three go out winglike compound leaf, alternate；Closed with petiole stipule part
Life, full edge or fissure；Leaflet 3, edge generally has sawtooth, and lateral vein directly extends crown.
Raceme axillary, sometimes in head or Dan Sheng, spends small, typically has bennet；Bract is small or nothing；Calyx is bell or cylinder
Shape, calyx tooth 5 is isometric；Corolla yellow, alfalfa and other cenospecies are often purple, violet cyan, brown etc., and vexil obovate is extremely
Long Circle, base portion is narrow, normal reflexed, ala Long Circle, and jagged with teeth of side is hooked mutually with the ear of fossil fragments, after pollination
Disengage, fossil fragments are blunt nosed；The body of stamen two, filigree top is not expanded, flower pesticide homotype；Style is short, taper or linear, and both sides are slightly flat,
Without hair, column cap basidixed, ovary is linear, stockless or tool short handle, ovule 1 to majority.Pod spirality turns song, kidney shape, crescent or near
More long than calyx in straight and upright, dorsal suture often has rib or thorn；There is seed 1 to majority.
Seed is small, generally smooth, how many kidney-shaped, without strophiole；The cotyledon base portion that comes up does not expand, also without joint.
A kind of clover interplants the implantation methods of legume, and it includes：
Using 1000-1600kg/ mus of farm manure as base fertilizer, clover is interplanted with legume；
Clover is 25-35cm with the line space of legume, and the depth of planting 0.5-2cm of clover, legume sowing is deep
Degree 10-16cm；
The seed application rate of clover is 1.5-2.2kg/ mus, and legume planting density is 5000-7000 plants/acre.
In clover is interplanted, the soil block of bulk is broken into fritter by smooth plot；Be conducive to sprouting for clover and legume
Hair, then applies farm manure as base fertilizer, provides enough nutrition and trace elements to Seed Germination and growth, it is to avoid useization
The single fertilizer of this composition of fertilizer, causes unbalanced.
Rational line space and depth of planting are controlled, is conducive to improving the leaf area index of clover and legume, improved
Photosynthetic efficiency, enables clover fast-growth.
Clover belongs to legume, also there is the characteristic with root nodule symbiosis；However, effect is obvious not as legume, pass through
Clover is interplanted with legume；Legume by with rhizobium symbiosis, fixed nitrogen；Meanwhile, clover depth of planting is shallower, root
System's growth downwards, just reaches the depth of planting of legume, and clover can absorb the part nitrogen of legume fixation, can subtract
The use of few chemical fertilizer.
It is 1.5-2.2kg/ mus to control the seed application rate of clover, and legume planting density is 5000-7000 plants/acre.
The application rate of clover is controlled, after germinateing, according to the sprouting situation of clover, appropriate reseeds；Equally, according to the life of legume
Situation long carry out it is appropriate reseed cultivation, be conducive to the growth of clover and legume, and improve yield.
Further, clover is alfalfa, and the legume is in mung bean, soybean, broad bean, pea, mung bean, red bean
One kind.
The tender deliciousness of alfalfa cauline leaf, no matter blue or green feedings, ensiling, modulation green hay, process grass meal, for mixed feed or
Mixed fodder, all kinds of livestock and poultry all most eatings are also pig and aviculture first-selection greenfeed.
Alfalfa rich in high-quality dietary fiber, edible protein, multivitamin (including vitamin B, vitamin C, dimension life
Plain E etc.), the bioactive ingredients such as the mineral matter of multiple beneficial and saponin(e, flavonoids, carotenoid, phenolic acid.
Its Main Function is as follows：
1. Protoapigenone：With antioxidation, while cholesterol can be prevented in eparterial deposition, and blood is avoided to coagulate
Form block, to reduce the probability of artery sclerosis generation.Protoapigenone can also block some hormonal bad activities, suppress to draw
The ferment activity of inflammation is played, capillary proliferation can also be suppressed.
2. phenolic acid：With antioxidation, a kind of polyphenoils is can be considered, blood clotting into plate can be prevented, made
Blood is without hindrance in unobstructed blood vessel, and reduces the generation of cardiovascular disease.
3. carotenoid：Can protect eyes, the degenerative disorders of prevention ophthalmic nerve.In human body, cell maturation point can be made
Change, in the prevention of disease, have proven to preventing cancer from sending out again and preventing cardiopathic having certain effect.Clinically
Start to use some carotenoid, with the patient of cancer, carry out additional chemoprophylaxis.
And the legumes such as mung bean, soybean, broad bean, pea, mung bean, red bean are selected, be conducive to legume and rhizobium
Coordinate, nitrogen nutrition is preferably provided.
Further, the early flowering season of clover gathered in, the height for the stubble left is 4.5-6cm, annual harvesting 2-6 times.
Gathered in before clover carries out reproductive growth, but the height of toothing should not be very little；Later stage life is easily caused very little
It is long slow, influence the quality and yield of clover；And if toothing is too many, the yield of clover can be caused to decline, also it is easily caused lucerne
Mu has influence on the yield of clover into reproductive growth.
Annual 2-6 times harvesting, can preferably control the growth of clover, and obtain preferable yield.
Further, after-applied calcium superphosphate or potassium peroxydisulfate 22-27kg/ mus of topdressing is gathered in clover.
Clover harvesting after, quickly to grow tender shoots, it is desirable to provide enough nutrition, by add it is appropriate topdress, favorably
Quickly grown in clover, quickly grow fresh tender shoots；Avoid causing the slow-growing of clover due to the deficiency of nutrition.
Further, the seedling of alfalfa phase weeding is carried out using one kind in nitrophenol, chlorophenol, carbamic acid.
The Seedling Stage of clover, root system and blade etc. are also unstable all in rapid growth stage；If there is weeds；And
The general growth fraction of weeds is swifter and more violent, and the under ground portion of weeds will grab the nutrition of clover；And part on the ground, can be deposited with clover
In the competition in space, sunlight is fought for, influence the photosynthesis of clover；If weeds are serious, a large amount of underproduction of clover can be caused, led
Cause economic loss.So according to different types of weeds from herbicides such as nitrophenol, chlorophenol, carbamic acids, can be more preferably
Guarantee clover yield.
Further, the alfalfa growing phase is using Bordeaux mixture controlling disease.
The alfalfa growing phase, some insects or harm influence to the yield of clover are had, prevented and treated by using Bordeaux mixture
The influence of disease, reduces loss, makes the maximum production of clover.Certainly the medicine control of other prevention and elimination of disease and pests can also be used
Pest and disease damage processed.
Further, also include：Before sowing, the seed of clover and legume is carried out into legume inoculation.
Further, the seed of clover and legume is carried out into legume inoculation makes finger：By the bacterium solution and lucerne of rhizobium
The seed mixing of Mu and legume.
When clover and legume are sowed, 3-6g rhizobium are inoculated with according to the seed of every kilogram of clover and legume
Amount, prepare rhizobium dry microbial inoculum, the dry microbial inoculum of rhizobium is made bacterium solution, then bacterium solution respectively with clover and the kind of legume
Sub uniform mixing；Bacterium solution is more beneficial for rhizobium and is attached on seed；A certain amount of rhizobium are inoculated with seed, are conducive to lucerne
The growth of Mu and legume.
Further, the alfalfa seed is carried out to bask seeds 2-3 days before sowing.
Before sowing, alfalfa seed is dried, bask seeds and be conducive to the dormancy for breaking alfalfa seed, improved alfalfa seed
Germination percentage and clover have the regularity of seedling.
Application of the above-mentioned implantation methods in alfalfa cultivation.
Feature of the invention and performance are described in further detail with reference to embodiments.
Embodiment 1
The implantation methods that a kind of clover interplants legume are present embodiments provided, in the present embodiment, clover is from pale reddish brown
Clover, legume selects soybean.
Implantation methods are specifically included：
1.1 are leveled land, and larger soil block is gone to sticks and staves, and are raked, harrow broken plot, and amount according to 1000kg/ mus applies agriculture
Family's fertilizer is used as base fertilizer；
1.2 according to 25cm line space in lines, plantation two row clovers plant a line soybean again, carry out successively；
1.3 by full grains, pure color alfalfa seed according to 1.5kg/ mus, the application rate that 5000 plant/acre of mung bean is accurate
Make preparations for sowing son, and alfalfa seed is basked seeds 2 days；
3g Rhizobium Inoculants are made bacterium solution by 1.4, are mixed with alfalfa seed and soya seeds respectively, and dry；
1.5 clovers are sowed in 0.5cm depths of planting, and soybean planting depth is 10cm；
1.6 clovers are sprouted after emerging, and according to the sprouting situation of clover, clover and soybean are suitably reseeded, while according to soil
Humidity condition, clover and soybean are watered, it is noted that the amount watered of control；
1.7 seedling of alfalfa phases, the weeds situation according to field selects nitrophenol；Or from nitrophenol, chlorophenol,
The herbicides such as carbamic acid carry out weeding operation respectively；
In the growth period of 1.8 clovers, for prevention and elimination of disease and pests, Folithion, Rogor or cyanogen penta are selected according to different pest and disease damages
The pest controls such as chrysanthemum ester, from controlling diseases such as Bordeaux mixture, lime sulfur, carbendazim, thiophanates；
1.9 in the early flowering season of clover, i.e., gather in clover, and toothing 4.5cm, harvest 2 times within 1 year；
After 1.10 harvestings, according to 22kg/ mus of amount, apply calcium superphosphate as topdressing, promote the growth of clover.
Embodiment 2
The implantation methods that a kind of clover interplants legume are present embodiments provided, in the present embodiment, clover is from pale reddish brown
Clover, legume selects mung bean.
Implantation methods are specifically included：
1.1 are leveled land, and larger soil block is gone to sticks and staves, and are raked, harrow broken plot, and amount according to 1200kg/ mus applies agriculture
Family's fertilizer is used as base fertilizer；
1.2 according to 30cm line space in lines, plantation two row clovers plant a line mung bean again, carry out successively；
1.3 by full grains, pure color alfalfa seed according to 1.7kg/ mus, the application rate that 6000 plant/acre of mung bean is accurate
Make preparations for sowing son, and alfalfa seed is basked seeds 3 days；
4g Rhizobium Inoculants are made bacterium solution by 1.4, are mixed with alfalfa seed and mung bean seed respectively, and dry；
1.5 clovers are sowed in 1.0cm depths of planting, and mung bean depth of planting is 12cm；
1.6 clovers are sprouted after emerging, and according to the sprouting situation of clover, clover and mung bean are suitably reseeded, while according to soil
Humidity condition, clover and mung bean are watered, it is noted that the amount watered of control；
1.7 seedling of alfalfa phases, the weeds situation according to field selects nitrophenol；Or from nitrophenol, chlorophenol,
The herbicides such as carbamic acid carry out weeding operation respectively；
In the growth period of 1.8 clovers, for prevention and elimination of disease and pests, Folithion, Rogor or cyanogen penta are selected according to different pest and disease damages
The pest controls such as chrysanthemum ester, from controlling diseases such as Bordeaux mixture, lime sulfur, carbendazim, thiophanates；
1.9 in the early flowering season of clover, i.e., gather in clover, and toothing 5.0cm, harvest 3 times within 1 year.
After 1.10 harvestings, according to 24kg/ mus of amount, apply calcium superphosphate as topdressing, promote the growth of clover.
Embodiment 3
The implantation methods that a kind of clover interplants legume are present embodiments provided, in the present embodiment, clover is from pale reddish brown
Clover, legume selects pea.
Implantation methods are specifically included：
1.1 are leveled land, and larger soil block is gone to sticks and staves, and are raked, harrow broken plot, and amount according to 1600kg/ mus applies agriculture
Family's fertilizer is used as base fertilizer；
1.2 according to 35cm line space in lines, plantation two row clovers plant a line pea again, carry out successively；
1.3 by full grains, pure color alfalfa seed according to 2.2kg/ mus, the application rate that 7000 plant/acre of mung bean is accurate
Make preparations for sowing son, and alfalfa seed is basked seeds 3 days；
6g Rhizobium Inoculants are made bacterium solution by 1.4, are mixed with alfalfa seed and pea seed respectively, and dry；
1.5 clovers are sowed in 2.0cm depths of planting, and pea depth of planting is 16cm；
1.6 clovers are sprouted after emerging, and according to the sprouting situation of clover, clover and pea are suitably reseeded, while according to soil
Humidity condition, clover and pea are watered, it is noted that the amount watered of control；
1.7 seedling of alfalfa phases, the weeds situation according to field selects nitrophenol；Or from nitrophenol, chlorophenol,
The herbicides such as carbamic acid carry out weeding operation respectively；
In the growth period of 1.8 clovers, for prevention and elimination of disease and pests, Folithion, Rogor or cyanogen penta are selected according to different pest and disease damages
The pest controls such as chrysanthemum ester, from controlling diseases such as Bordeaux mixture, lime sulfur, carbendazim, thiophanates；
1.9 in the early flowering season of clover, i.e., gather in clover, and toothing 6.0cm, harvest 6 times within 1 year.
After 1.10 harvestings, according to 27kg/ mus of amount, apply potassium peroxydisulfate as topdressing, promote the growth of clover.
Embodiment 4
The implantation methods that a kind of clover interplants legume are present embodiments provided, in the present embodiment, clover is from pale reddish brown
Clover, legume selects mung bean.
Implantation methods are specifically included：
1.1 are leveled land, and larger soil block is gone to sticks and staves, and are raked, harrow broken plot, and amount according to 1400kg/ mus applies agriculture
Family's fertilizer is used as base fertilizer；
1.2 according to 35cm line space in lines, plantation two row clovers plant a line mung bean again, carry out successively；
1.3 by full grains, pure color alfalfa seed according to 2.0kg/ mus, the application rate that 6500 plant/acre of mung bean is accurate
Make preparations for sowing son, and alfalfa seed is basked seeds 3 days；
5g Rhizobium Inoculants are made bacterium solution by 1.4, are mixed with alfalfa seed and mung bean seed respectively, and dry；
1.5 clovers are sowed in 1.5cm depths of planting, and mung bean depth of planting is 14cm；
1.6 clovers are sprouted after emerging, and according to the sprouting situation of clover, clover and mung bean are suitably reseeded, while according to soil
Humidity condition, clover and mung bean are watered, it is noted that the amount watered of control；
1.7 seedling of alfalfa phases, the weeds situation according to field selects nitrophenol；Or from nitrophenol, chlorophenol,
The herbicides such as carbamic acid carry out weeding operation respectively；
In the growth period of 1.8 clovers, for prevention and elimination of disease and pests, Folithion, Rogor or cyanogen penta are selected according to different pest and disease damages
The pest controls such as chrysanthemum ester, from controlling diseases such as Bordeaux mixture, lime sulfur, carbendazim, thiophanates；
1.9 in the early flowering season of clover, i.e., gather in clover, and toothing 5.5cm, harvest 4 times within 1 year.
After 1.10 harvestings, according to 25kg/ mus of amount, apply calcium superphosphate as topdressing, promote the growth of clover.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a kind of general planting method of clover.Including
1.1 are leveled land, and larger soil block is gone to sticks and staves, and are raked, harrow broken plot；
1.2 according to 20cm line space in lines, Planting Medicago sativa；
The alfalfa seed of full grains, pure color is prepared seed by 1.3 according to 3kg/ mus of application rate, and to alfalfa seed
Bask seeds 3 days；
1.4 clovers are sowed in 1.5cm depths of planting；
1.5 clovers are sprouted after emerging, and according to the sprouting situation of clover, clover are suitably reseeded, while according to the humidity of soil
Situation, to clover, it is noted that the amount that control is watered；
1.6 seedling of alfalfa phases, the weeds situation according to field selects nitrophenol；Or from nitrophenol, chlorophenol,
The herbicides such as carbamic acid carry out weeding operation respectively；
In the growth period of 1.7 clovers, for prevention and elimination of disease and pests, Folithion, Rogor or cyanogen penta are selected according to different pest and disease damages
The pest controls such as chrysanthemum ester, from controlling diseases such as Bordeaux mixture, lime sulfur, carbendazim, thiophanates；
1.8 in the early flowering season of clover, i.e., gather in clover, and toothing 4.5cm, harvest 6 times within 1 year.
After 1.10 harvestings, according to 25kg/ mus of amount, apply calcium superphosphate as topdressing, promote the growth of clover.
Experimental example 1
The yield of the clover that the yield and comparative example 1 that this experimental example provides the clover harvested to embodiment 1-4 are harvested is carried out
Determine；The results are shown in Table 1.
The embodiment 1-4 of table 1 and the clover annual production of comparative example 1
From the results shown in Table 1, the implantation methods that embodiment 1-4 is provided, can obtain alfalfa output higher；Separately
Outward, legume results, generally speaking, the land output of the implantation methods that embodiment 1-4 is provided are also provided with embodiment 1-4
Effect becomes apparent from, and returns and efficiency are all higher than comparative example 1.
Experimental example 2
This experimental example is provided and is measured nutrient component determining to the clover that embodiment 1-4 and comparative example 1 are harvested.
Moisture, crude protein, crude fat, calcium and phosphorus including the clover to fresh harvest are determined.Result such as table 2.
The nutrient component determining of the fresh alfalfa of table 2
| Scheme | Moisture | Crude protein | Crude fat | Calcium | Phosphorus |
| Embodiment 1 | 71.05% | 4.52% | 1.27% | 0.63% | 0.22% |
| Embodiment 2 | 70.39% | 4.69% | 1.38% | 0.57% | 0.18% |
| Embodiment 3 | 72.33% | 4.77% | 1.30% | 0.54% | 0.16% |
| Embodiment 4 | 71.68% | 4.49% | 1.35% | 0.59% | 0.20% |
| Comparative example 1 | 75.94% | 3.25% | 1.02% | 0.41% | 0.09% |
From table 2 it can be seen that plant the alfalfa for obtaining by embodiment 1-4 kinds exceedes contrast in nutrition content
The alfalfa that example 1 is harvested, it can be seen that the quality of the alfalfa that embodiment 1-4 is obtained is substantially better than the routine of comparative example 1
Implantation methods.
In sum, clover provided in an embodiment of the present invention interplants the implantation methods of legume and applies obtained purple
Russian fenugreek herb has in yield and nutritive value and preferably shows, and effect is protruded.
Embodiments described above is a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.Reality of the invention
The detailed description for applying example is not intended to limit the scope of claimed invention, but is merely representative of selected implementation of the invention
Example.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, what those of ordinary skill in the art were obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Every other embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of clover interplants the implantation methods of legume, it is characterised in that it includes：
According to the farm manure of 1000-1600kg/ mus of amount administration as base fertilizer, clover is interplanted with legume；
The clover is 25-35cm, the depth of planting 0.5-2cm of the clover, the beans with the line space of the legume
Section crop depth of planting 10-16cm；
The seed application rate of the clover is 1.5-2.2kg/ mus, and the legume planting density is 5000-7000 plants/acre.
2. implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the clover is alfalfa, the legume
It is any one in mung bean, soybean, broad bean, pea, red bean.
3. implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that gathered in the early flowering season of the clover, toothing
Highly it is 4.5-6cm, annual harvesting 2-6 times.
4. implantation methods according to claim 3, it is characterised in that gather in the after-applied calcium superphosphate that topdresses in the clover
Or potassium peroxydisulfate 22-27kg/ mus.
5. implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the seedling of alfalfa phase uses nitrophenol, chlorobenzene
One kind carries out weeding in phenol, carbamic acid.
6. implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the alfalfa growing phase cures the disease using Bordeaux mixture is anti-
Evil.
7. implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include：Before sowing, by the clover and the beans
The seed of section crop carries out legume inoculation.
8. implantation methods according to claim 7, it is characterised in that enter the seed of the clover and the legume
Row legume inoculation makes finger：The bacterium solution of the rhizobium is mixed with the seed of the clover and the legume.
9. implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the alfalfa seed is carried out into the 2-3 that basks seeds before sowing
My god.
10. application of the implantation methods as described in claim any one of 1-9 in alfalfa cultivation.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107836291A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-03-27 | 广西壮族自治区畜牧研究所 | A kind of interplanting method of wing pod Cassia tora and khuskhus |
| CN108012785A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-05-11 | 湖南德人牧业科技有限公司 | A kind of herbage multi items couple implantation methods |
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Application publication date: 20170613 |