CN106717849A - China rose implantation methods - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to agricultural technology field.The present invention relates to a kind of China rose implantation methods.Implantation methods of the invention solve the technical problems such as cultivation technique, field management, landscape management, disease control, the harvesting in China rose planting process, realize sustainable plantation and the standardized planting of Xinjiang rose；The Xinjiang rose planted using the inventive method, enters full-bloom stage for general 3rd year, and full-bloom stage can keep 8 10 years, and raw strain per mu yield is up to 150 250 kilograms within 3 years.

Description

China rose implantation methods

The invention belongs to agricultural technology field.

China rose, recalling rose flower, sweet and slightly bitter taste, slightly warm in nature, Return liver, spleen, stomach；Function：Sharp gas, promoting circulation of blood, control wandering arthritis, Dissipate tired analgesic.Rose and complete stool have convergence, can be used for woman in menstrual period excessively, and leukorrhea with reddish discharge and enteritis, diarrhea, intestines are red Half bleeding etc..Regulating the flow of vital energy Xie Yu and blood dissipate the stasis of blood.Stomachache due to emotional depression and the hyperactive liver-qi attacking the stomach is cured mainly, new wandering arthritis long, spit blood spitting of blood, irregular menstruation, red leukorrhea Under, dysentery, acute mastitis, pyogenic infections.《Food book on Chinese herbal medicine》" main sharp lung spleen, beneficial liver and gall, the fragrance of food are sweet and refreshing, make us refreshing refreshing to call it." long-term Take, cosmetic result is favourable, can effectively remove free radical, eliminate pigmentation, make us calling out hair youthful vigor.

The extractable fine perfumery attar of rose of China rose, the main component of oil is that left-handed perfume is fragrant and mellow, and content reaches as high as thousand points Six, it is edible and used for cosmetic, petal can cake filling processed, cider, rose in syrup, it is drying after can make tea, bud is used as medicine Control liver, peratodynia, fullness and oppression of chest and abdomen and irregular menstruation.Attar of rose value ratio gold is also expensive, therefore rose has the title of " golden flower ".

With the continuous improvement of living standard, the continuous enhancing of health care consciousness, the market demand of rose constantly expands, and Source of goods shortage, so China rose demand increases therewith, prospect is very wide.For the rose plant industry in Xinjiang of running business big and strong, more Good support agriculture, rural areas and farmers, the planting technology of specification peasant household, it is ensured that the quality and yield of product writes patent of the present invention for this, uses To instruct Cotton Varieties by Small Farming Households Xinjiang rose.

Present invention aim at by solve cultivation technique during the rose plant of Xinjiang, field management, landscape management, The technical problems such as disease control, harvesting, realize sustainable plantation and the standardized planting of Xinjiang rose；Using the inventive method The China rose of plantation, enters full-bloom stage for general 3rd year, and full-bloom stage can keep 8-10, and raw strain per mu yield is up to 150-250 within 3 years Kilogram.

The present invention relates to Xinjiang rose plant method.China rose implantation methods of the present invention, are to press a step to enter Capable：

A. soil requirement：

Soil requirement reaches that permeability is good, irrigation and drainage convenient, loose, deep, the fertile loam of soil layer or husky territory block；

B. kind is selected

From arable polyphyll China rose；

C. cultivation technique

C.1 site preparation

Deep ploughing before field planting, deep plough 20cm~30cm；Leveling rake is thin；Level land, then according to physical features and soil orientation determine row to, East and West direction or north-south can；Determine row and dig field planting ditch by the standard of line-spacing, furrow width 30cm, deep 30cm backward；

C.2 the preparation of nursery stock

Rose root tillering ability is strong, and division propagation is often used in commerial growing, is then colonized in plant division with local nursery stock；With other places Nursery stock, then cut off branch after rising by nursery stock, and root is stained with mud slurry, with plastics bag it is tight after transported；During with local seedling planting, First whole strain clump band soil is risen, by its growing state by strain from riving, wiping out deadwood makes 1-2 branch of every plant of band；

C.3 it is colonized

C.3.1 Planting time

Can be colonized before rudiment after spring is unearthed, mid-October in autumn-mid-November is colonized after fallen leaves, with autumn planting survival rates It is high；

C.3.2 plantation density

General seeding row spacing is 50cm × 2-2.5m, every mu 660-440 plants；

C.3.3 field planting is required

Per one plant of cave (or 1-2 bars branch), nursery stock is vertically put into cave, rhizome is equal with ground, and root system is fully unfolded, Ran Houbian Banket side shake root system, and waters, steady and sure；After autumn field planting, will branch stump, mound above；

D. field management

D.1. apply fertilizer

In the cultivation of medium soil fertility, mu applies 35~40 kilograms of purity nitrogen, 32~36 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, 35~40 kilograms of potash fertilizer；Nitrogen, Phosphorus, potassium ratio are about 1: 0.9: 1；Wherein organic fertilizer should account for more than 60%；Optionally applied according to soil fertility and varieties of plant Fertilizer；3000~3500 kilograms with poultry muck of becoming thoroughly decomposed, human urine, mushroom material, grey, the rotten straw of mountain soil etc. of mu makees base manure；After heavy pruning Topdress, ditched at a distance from root in the both sides of furrow, suitably arranged in pairs or groups fertilizer deep placement with organic fertilizer, cultivation and banking is combined after fertilising；

D.2. fertilizing method

Ditch spread is used base manure more；Annual to apply base manure twice, spring soil is applied once after thawing, and is applied 15-20 kilograms for every plant and is become thoroughly decomposed High-quality farm manure, Southern Xinjiang general spring applies a base manure in March, autumn in July；In budding period and bud stage Topdress twice, can spread manuer in holes can also ditch spread；

D.3. water management

Whole year pours water 5-7 times, i.e., Fertilizers respectively pour water, pour water, an other times before soil is freeze-up and given birth to regarding plant Situation long is poured water 1-2 times；

D.4. tillage and weeding

Weeds are removed Seedling Stage with hand-lifting, and intertillage is preferably shallow, does not injure root；Growth period should be retentively interior without weeds；Annual winter combines Bury soil and plough deeply a soil；

E landscape managements

E.1 prune

Rose branch germinating power is strong, should in time be pruned according to strain age, upgrowth situation, rich water and management condition, take with Based on pruning off, the principle supplemented by cutting back, it is not old to reach plant old branch, not close more than branch, ventilation and penetrating light；

Pruned when being E.1.1 colonized

In field planting, the general ground of flowers and trees that will be colonized stays 20-30 centimetres to wipe out branch, the stubble that autumn will be stayed when being colonized Bury soil；

E.1.2 growth period pruning

After flowers and trees are unearthed, thin and delicate secateurs is fallen before rudiment, destroyed at the top of other branches；Can increase and produce with multiple many headdress flowers Amount；Late summer Post flowering cuts off the old branch that very thin branch and stalk are turned white；

E.1.3 pruned again 1 time before burying soil after winter fallen leaves

It is mainly short to cut and prune off, it is short to branch top to cut, cut off top tip 15cm or so；Dredge and go overstocked branch, sick branch, aging Branch, can so strengthen tree vigo(u)r, promote pumping shoot；

E.1.4 renewal pruning

After rose flower growth 5-6, a rejuvenating should be carried out and pruned；The old branch of more than 5 years, remove in time, to promote New shoot growth；For growing the weak rose for losing the ability of blooming substantially, can be with heavy pruning, growth-promoting shoot；

E.1.5 plant division

The general 4-5 of flowers and trees will seal row, can influence its growing way and yield because branch clump is too close, just must plant division, general 5-6 Year plant division is once；Before and after the beginning of autumn, every plant of clump is retained the branch of a small number of robust growths, remaining connects root and root out, plants again Another piece of ground is planted, so can both expand cultivated area, can increased production year after year again；

F. insect pest preventing and controlling

F.1 disease mainly has black spot, powdery mildew, Sooty mould, rust；

F.1.1 black spot

Mostly occur under the weather of hot humid, almost have for the whole year；Its illness is petiole, blade generation dark brown spot, is passed Dye power is strong；When serious, blade turns yellow, and is dropped from petiole, or rose is withered, therefore once finds to take some countermeasures as early as possible；

Sick leaf must be extractd, destroyed by fire, chemical control by prevention and controls：Spray 50% carbendazim wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid, 70% first 1000 times of liquid of base thiophanate wettable powder, 50% ambam, 1000 times of liquid, Bordeaux mixture (1: 1: 200)；

Harvest time：Hotan Prefecture harvests in mid-May to mid-June；The collecting time difference of China rose, yield and quality There is larger difference；Usual Chinese rose bud should be indulged when footpath is 3 times of calyx in harvesting, i.e. bud before open and harvest best, extreme prematurity Amount is reduced, and flower has opened influence quality too late；The healthy and strong full bud of selection is plucked when florescence concentrates, and other thin and delicate buds have been treated Petal is plucked after Full-open, the sporadicly open flower of other times also plucks petal after opening completely；Also can be processed according to locality The specific requirement harvesting of enterprise；

Pluck and require：Holding holder gently fractures from anthocaulus top or is cut in handle from the band away from anthocaulus 1cm with scissors and plucks during harvesting, Light plucking is put down gently, in case being damaged to spray；

Economic life and yield：Enter within general 3rd year full-bloom stage, full-bloom stage can keep 8-10,3 years raw strain per mu yield 150- 250 kilograms；

Bury it is native with it is unearthed

Bury soil：When temperature be down to zero degree soil start it is freeze-up before bury soil, in November early and middle ten dayses, burying native the last week fills the winter for Hotan Prefecture Water, baroclines in the ditch for first digging spray when burying soil, once or by several times buries soil, buries soil thickness 10-20cm, and winter control is metalled run out Flood ground；

It is unearthed：Can be unearthed when temperature stabilization is at 10 DEG C；Hotan Prefecture is unearthed in mid-March, light when being unearthed, should not be flower Branch breaks, it is disconnected to touch, and spray helped directly immediately, it is unearthed after disability deadwood is pruned off.

Claims (1)

1. China rose implantation methods, it is characterised in that pressing a step is carried out：

A. soil requirement：

Soil requirement reaches that permeability is good, irrigation and drainage convenient, loose, deep, the fertile loam of soil layer or husky territory block；

B. kind is selected

From the soil of suitable local China rose plantation；

C. cultivation technique

C.1 site preparation

Deep ploughing before field planting, deep plough 20cm~30cm；Leveling rake is thin；Level land, then according to physical features and soil orientation determine row to, East and West direction or north-south can；Determine row and dig field planting ditch by the standard of line-spacing, furrow width 30cm, deep 30cm backward；

C.2 the preparation of nursery stock

Chinese rose root tillering ability is strong, and division propagation is often used in commerial growing, is then colonized in plant division with local nursery stock；With other places Nursery stock, then cut off branch after rising by nursery stock, and root is stained with mud slurry, with plastics bag it is tight after transported；During with local seedling planting, First whole strain clump band soil is risen, by its growing state by strain from riving, wiping out deadwood makes 1-2 branch of every plant of band；

C.3 it is colonized

C.3.1 Planting time

Can be colonized before rudiment after spring is unearthed, mid-October in autumn-mid-November is colonized after fallen leaves, with autumn planting survival rates It is high；

C.3.2 plantation density

General seeding row spacing is 50cm × 2-2.5m, every mu 660-440 plants；

C.3.3 field planting is required

Per one plant of cave (or 1-2 bars branch), nursery stock is vertically put into cave, rhizome is equal with ground, and root system is fully unfolded, Ran Houbian Banket side shake root system, and waters, steady and sure；After autumn field planting, will branch stump, mound above；

D. field management

D.1. apply fertilizer

In the cultivation of medium soil fertility, mu applies 35~40 kilograms of purity nitrogen, 32~36 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, 35~40 kilograms of potash fertilizer；Nitrogen, Phosphorus, potassium ratio are about 1: 0.9: 1；Wherein organic fertilizer should account for more than 60%；Optionally applied according to soil fertility and varieties of plant Fertilizer；3000~3500 kilograms with poultry muck of becoming thoroughly decomposed, human urine, mushroom material, grey, the rotten straw of mountain soil etc. of mu makees base manure；After heavy pruning Topdress, ditched at a distance from root in the both sides of furrow, suitably arranged in pairs or groups fertilizer deep placement with organic fertilizer, cultivation and banking is combined after fertilising；

D.2. fertilizing method

Ditch spread is used base manure more；Annual to apply base manure twice, spring soil is applied once after thawing, and is applied 15-20 kilograms for every plant and is become thoroughly decomposed High-quality farm manure, Southern Xinjiang general spring applies a base manure in March, autumn in July；In budding period and bud stage Topdress twice, can spread manuer in holes can also ditch spread；

D.3. water management

Whole year pours water 5-7 times, i.e., Fertilizers respectively pour water, pour water, an other times before soil is freeze-up and given birth to regarding plant Situation long is poured water 1-2 times；

D.4. tillage and weeding

Weeds are removed Seedling Stage with hand-lifting, and intertillage is preferably shallow, does not injure root；Growth period should be retentively interior without weeds；Annual winter combines Bury soil and plough deeply a soil；

E landscape managements

E.1 prune

Rose branch germinating power is strong, should in time be pruned according to strain age, upgrowth situation, rich water and management condition, take with Based on pruning off, the principle supplemented by cutting back, it is not old to reach plant old branch, not close more than branch, ventilation and penetrating light；

Pruned when being E.1.1 colonized

In field planting, the general ground of flowers and trees that will be colonized stays 20-30 centimetres to wipe out branch, the stubble that autumn will be stayed when being colonized Bury soil；

E.1.2 growth period pruning

After flowers and trees are unearthed, thin and delicate secateurs is fallen before rudiment, destroyed at the top of other branches；Can increase and produce with multiple many headdress flowers Amount；Late summer Post flowering cuts off the old branch that very thin branch and stalk are turned white；

E.1.3 pruned again 1 time before burying soil after winter fallen leaves；

It is mainly short to cut and prune off, it is short to branch top to cut, cut off top tip 15cm or so；Dredge and go overstocked branch, sick branch, aging Branch, can so strengthen tree vigo(u)r, promote pumping shoot；

E.1.4 renewal pruning

After Chinese rose flower growth 5-6, a rejuvenating should be carried out and pruned；The old branch of more than 5 years, remove in time, to promote New shoot growth；For growing the weak Chinese rose for losing the ability of blooming substantially, can be with heavy pruning, growth-promoting shoot；

E.1.5 plant division

The general 4-5 of flowers and trees will seal row, can influence its growing way and yield because branch clump is too close, just must plant division, general 5-6 Year plant division is once；Before and after the beginning of autumn, every plant of clump is retained the branch of a small number of robust growths, remaining connects root and root out, plants again Another piece of ground is planted, so can both expand cultivated area, can increased production year after year again；

F. insect pest preventing and controlling

F.1 disease mainly has black spot, powdery mildew, Sooty mould, rust；

F.1.1 black spot：

Mostly occur under the weather of hot humid, almost have for the whole year；Its illness is petiole, blade generation dark brown spot, is passed Dye power is strong；When serious, blade turns yellow, and is dropped from petiole, or rose is withered, therefore once finds to take some countermeasures as early as possible；

Sick leaf must be extractd, destroyed by fire, chemical control by prevention and controls：Spray 50% carbendazim wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid, 70% first 1000 times of liquid of base thiophanate wettable powder, 50% ambam, 1000 times of liquid, Bordeaux mixture (1: 1: 200).