CN109749753B - Soil conditioner and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Soil conditioner and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109749753B CN109749753B CN201910073322.1A CN201910073322A CN109749753B CN 109749753 B CN109749753 B CN 109749753B CN 201910073322 A CN201910073322 A CN 201910073322A CN 109749753 B CN109749753 B CN 109749753B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof, wherein the soil conditioner contains attapulgite, and is characterized in that the attapulgite is subjected to acidification treatment. The invention has larger specific surface area, can change the granular structure of soil, increase the air permeability of the soil, promote the development of plant roots, improve the quality of crops, improve the utilization rate of fertilizer and reduce the application amount of the fertilizer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The viscosity of the attapulgite is reduced after acidification treatment, the air permeability can be increased when the attapulgite is used in cohesive soil, but the attapulgite is not beneficial to water and soil conservation when being used in sandy soil, and the balling rate is low and the production cost is high when granulation is carried out due to the reduction of the viscosity after acidification.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof, which solve the technical problems of 1) soil acidification and hardening; the problem is solved; 2) desertification; 3) granulating; 4) saving fertilizer.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a soil conditioner comprising attapulgite, the attapulgite being acidified.
Also contains semen glycines extract.
Preferably, the soybean extract is extracted by one or both of microbial extraction and enzyme extraction.
Preferably, the soybean extract contains isoflavone 0.101%, aspartic acid 0.684%, glutamic acid 1.246%, alanine 0.513%, leucine 0.684%, lysine 0.612%, valine 0.602%, histidine 0.403%, and serine 0541%.
The viscosity of the aqueous solution of the soybean extract and water according to the mass ratio of 1:1 is more than 30 under the conditions of 25 ℃ and 600 r/min. The preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
1) preparing ore pulp: adding attapulgite, water and a 5040 dispersing agent into a ball mill, and carrying out ball milling to obtain ore pulp;
2) preparing a soil conditioner: mixing the ore pulp and sulfuric acid, activating for 25min at the temperature of 85 ℃ and the rotating speed of 90r/min, and washing, filtering, drying and crushing to obtain a powder soil conditioner;
the mass ratio of the attapulgite to the water to the 5040 dispersant is 27-30: 70-73: 0.5-1;
the concentration of the sulfuric acid is 62-65%; the mass ratio of the ore pulp to the sulfuric acid is 97-98.5: 1.5-3.
The fineness of the powder soil conditioner is 40-60 mu m; the pH value of the powder soil conditioner is 6.0-7.5.
And (4) granulating the powder soil conditioner to obtain the granular soil conditioner.
Adding the soybean extract into a powder soil conditioner.
Adding the soybean extract into a powder soil conditioner.
The invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the invention has certain effect of preventing and treating the problems of the existing soil.
2. The invention can improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer and save the use amount of the fertilizer by improving the soil environment.
3. The invention can adjust the proportion of the soil conditioner and the soybean extract according to different soil conditions of various regions so as to solve the problems of soil hardening, soil or desertification.
4. The soybean extract can promote the growth of crop root system and is favorable for granulation of soil conditioner.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a 30000-fold electron micrograph of attapulgite
FIG. 2 is a 30000 times electron micrograph of acidified attapulgite.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1
The soil conditioner is attapulgite, and the attapulgite is subjected to acidification treatment.
The preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
1) preparing ore pulp: adding attapulgite, water and a 5040 dispersing agent into a ball mill, and carrying out ball milling to obtain ore pulp;
2) preparing a soil conditioner: mixing the ore pulp and sulfuric acid, activating for 25min at the temperature of 85 ℃ and the rotating speed of 90r/min, washing, filtering, drying and crushing to obtain a powder soil conditioner;
the mass ratio of the attapulgite to the water to the 5040 dispersant is 28:71.5: 0.5;
the concentration of the sulfuric acid is 65%; the mass ratio of the ore pulp to the sulfuric acid is 98: 2;
the fineness of the powder soil conditioner is 50 mu m; the pH of the powder soil conditioner is 7.0.
Example 2
The soil conditioner is a mixture of attapulgite and a soybean extract, and the attapulgite is subjected to acidification treatment.
The preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
1) preparing ore pulp: adding attapulgite, water and a 5040 dispersing agent into a ball mill, and carrying out ball milling to obtain ore pulp;
2) preparing a soil conditioner: mixing the ore pulp and sulfuric acid, activating for 25min at 85 ℃ and the rotating speed of 90r/min, washing, filtering, drying and crushing to obtain a conditioner, adding the soybean extract, and uniformly mixing to obtain a powder soil conditioner; the mass ratio of the conditioner to the soybean extract is 99: 1.
The soybean extract contains isoflavone 0.101%, aspartic acid 0.684%, glutamic acid 1.246%, alanine 0.513%, leucine 0.684%, lysine 0.612%, valine 0.602%, histidine 0.403%, and serine 0541%; the viscosity of the soybean extract and water in a water solution with the mass ratio of 1:1 at 25 ℃ and 600r/min is 35.
The mass ratio of the attapulgite to the water to the 5040 dispersant is 28:71.5: 0.5;
the concentration of the sulfuric acid is 65%; the mass ratio of the ore pulp to the sulfuric acid is 98: 2;
the fineness of the powder soil conditioner is 50 mu m; the pH of the powder soil conditioner is 7.0.
Example 3
The soil conditioner is attapulgite which is subjected to acidification treatment.
The preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
1) preparing ore pulp: adding attapulgite, water and a 5040 dispersing agent into a ball mill, and carrying out ball milling to obtain ore pulp;
2) preparing a soil conditioner: mixing the ore pulp and sulfuric acid, activating for 25min at the temperature of 85 ℃ and the rotating speed of 90r/min, and washing, filtering, drying, crushing and granulating to obtain a granular soil conditioner;
the mass ratio of the attapulgite to the water to the 5040 dispersant is 28:71.5: 0.5;
the concentration of the sulfuric acid is 65%; the mass ratio of the ore pulp to the sulfuric acid is 98: 2;
the fineness of the powder soil conditioner is 50 mu m; the pH of the powder soil conditioner is 7.0.
Example 4
The soil conditioner is a mixture of attapulgite and a soybean extract, and the attapulgite is subjected to acidification treatment.
The preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
1) preparing ore pulp: adding attapulgite, water and a 5040 dispersing agent into a ball mill, and carrying out ball milling to obtain ore pulp;
2) preparing a soil conditioner: mixing the ore pulp and sulfuric acid, activating for 25min at 85 ℃ and the rotating speed of 90r/min, washing, filtering, drying and crushing to obtain a conditioner, adding the soybean extract, uniformly mixing and granulating to obtain a granular soil conditioner; the mass ratio of the conditioner to the soybean extract is 99: 1.
The soybean extract contains isoflavone 0.101%, aspartic acid 0.684%, glutamic acid 1.246%, alanine 0.513%, leucine 0.684%, lysine 0.612%, valine 0.602%, histidine 0.403%, and serine 0541%; the viscosity of the soybean extract and water in a water solution with the mass ratio of 1:1 at 25 ℃ and 600r/min is 35.
The mass ratio of the attapulgite to the water to the 5040 dispersant is 28:71.5: 0.5;
the concentration of the sulfuric acid is 65%; the mass ratio of the ore pulp to the sulfuric acid is 98: 2;
the fineness of the powder soil conditioner is 50 mu m; the pH of the powder soil conditioner is 7.0.
Example 5
The soil conditioner comprises humic acid, attapulgite, mushroom residue and urea according to a mass ratio of 5:70:20:5, wherein the attapulgite is subjected to acidification treatment.
The preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
1) preparing ore pulp: adding attapulgite, water and a 5040 dispersing agent into a ball mill, and carrying out ball milling to obtain ore pulp;
2) preparing a soil conditioner: mixing the ore pulp and sulfuric acid, activating for 25min at 85 ℃ and the rotating speed of 90r/min, washing, filtering, drying and crushing to obtain a conditioner, adding the soybean extract, uniformly mixing and granulating to obtain a granular soil conditioner; the mass ratio of the conditioner to the soybean extract is 75: 25.
The soybean extract contains isoflavone 0.101%, aspartic acid 0.684%, glutamic acid 1.246%, alanine 0.513%, leucine 0.684%, lysine 0.612%, valine 0.602%, histidine 0.403%, and serine 0541%.
The mass ratio of the attapulgite to the water to the 5040 dispersant is 29:70: 1;
the concentration of the sulfuric acid is 64%; the mass ratio of the ore pulp to the sulfuric acid is 97.5: 2.5;
the fineness of the powder soil conditioner is 50 mu m; the pH of the powder soil conditioner is 6.5.
Example 6
The soil conditioner is a mixture of attapulgite and a soybean extract, and the attapulgite is subjected to acidification treatment.
The preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
1) preparing ore pulp: adding attapulgite, water and a 5040 dispersing agent into a ball mill, and carrying out ball milling to obtain ore pulp;
2) preparing a soil conditioner: mixing the ore pulp and sulfuric acid, activating for 25min at 85 ℃ and the rotating speed of 90r/min, washing, filtering, drying and crushing to obtain a conditioner, adding the soybean extract, uniformly mixing and granulating to obtain a granular soil conditioner; the mass ratio of the conditioner to the soybean extract is 88: 12.
The soybean extract contains isoflavone 0.101%, aspartic acid 0.684%, glutamic acid 1.246%, alanine 0.513%, leucine 0.684%, lysine 0.612%, valine 0.602%, histidine 0.403%, and serine 0541%; the viscosity of the soybean extract and water in a water solution with the mass ratio of 1:1 at 25 ℃ and 600r/min is 35.
The mass ratio of the attapulgite to the water to the 5040 dispersant is 28:71.5: 0.5;
the concentration of the sulfuric acid is 65%; the mass ratio of the ore pulp to the sulfuric acid is 98: 2;
the fineness of the powder soil conditioner is 50 mu m; the pH of the powder soil conditioner is 7.0.
Example 7
A soil conditioner comprising attapulgite, the attapulgite being acidified.
Example 8
A soil conditioner comprising attapulgite, the attapulgite being acidified.
The fineness of the attapulgite is 40-60 mu m.
The preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
1) preparing ore pulp: adding attapulgite, water and a 5040 dispersing agent into a ball mill, and carrying out ball milling to obtain ore pulp;
2) preparing a soil conditioner: mixing the ore pulp and sulfuric acid, activating for 25min at the temperature of 85 ℃ and the rotating speed of 90r/min, and washing, filtering, drying and crushing to obtain a powder soil conditioner; and (4) granulating the powder soil conditioner to obtain the granular soil conditioner.
The mass ratio of the attapulgite to the water to the 5040 dispersant is 27-30: 70-73: 0.5-1;
the concentration of the sulfuric acid is 62-65%; the mass ratio of the ore pulp to the sulfuric acid is 97-98.5: 1.5-3;
the pH value of the powder soil conditioner is 6.0-7.5.
Example 9
The soil conditioner is a mixture of attapulgite and a soybean extract, and the attapulgite is subjected to acidification treatment.
The preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
1) preparing ore pulp: adding attapulgite, water and a 5040 dispersing agent into a ball mill, and carrying out ball milling to obtain ore pulp;
2) preparing a soil conditioner: mixing the ore pulp and sulfuric acid, activating for 25min at 85 ℃ and the rotating speed of 90r/min, washing, filtering, drying and crushing to obtain a conditioner, adding the soybean extract, uniformly mixing and granulating to obtain a granular soil conditioner; the mass ratio of the conditioner to the soybean extract is 90: 10.
The viscosity of the soybean extract and water in a water solution with the mass ratio of 1:1 at 25 ℃ and 600r/min is 35.
The mass ratio of the attapulgite to the water to the 5040 dispersant is 28:71.5: 0.5;
the concentration of the sulfuric acid is 65%; the mass ratio of the ore pulp to the sulfuric acid is 98: 2;
the fineness of the powder soil conditioner is 50 mu m; the pH of the powder soil conditioner is 7.5.
The beneficial effects of the invention are further illustrated below in combination with experimental data:
experiment one
1, materials and methods:
1.1 test site: dry-land agriculture institute of academy of agricultural sciences of Gansu province.
1.2 test detection: porosity and water content of the soil.
1.3 test materials: example 1, blank (no soil conditioner added), comparative 1 (the attapulgite was prepared according to example 1 except that it was not acidified) and example 2.
1.4 detection method: the method comprises the steps of mixing the attapulgite in example 1, a blank (no soil conditioner is added), a comparison 1 (the attapulgite is prepared by the same method as that in example 1 except that the attapulgite is not acidified) and the attapulgite in example 2 with equal weight of soil according to a mass ratio of 2:10, adding water accounting for 55% of the total weight after mixing, standing the mixture indoors for one day, and detecting the water content and the porosity of the soil.
Soil moisture content detection-drying method
Weighing 3g of soil mixture, placing the soil mixture in a crucible, placing the crucible in a 105 ℃ oven for drying until the weight is constant, and calculating the water content of the soil.
Soil porosity detection
By means of a cutting ring (60 cm) 3 ) And (3) taking a soil mixture, putting the mixture into a 105 ℃ oven, drying to constant weight, testing for more than 3 times, and taking an average value.
And (4) calculating a result: rho b ＝s/v
In the formula, ρ b -soil volume weight, g/cm s-ring cutter internal dryingSoil weight, g V-cutting ring volume, 60cm 3
Total porosity (1-volume weight/density) × 100%
And when calculating the soil density, the average density value is 2.65 g/cm.
Except for different detection substances, the detection modes of the experiment are consistent.
2 results and analysis
The results of the soil moisture content and porosity measurements are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
| Sample (I) | Water content of soil (%) | Porosity of soil (%) |
| Example 1 | 38 | 63.3 |
| Blank space | 34 | 58.2 |
| Comparative example 1 | 36 | 59.6 |
| Example 2 | 39 | 61.7 |
Experiment two
1, materials and methods:
1.1 test site: dry-land agriculture institute of academy of agricultural sciences of Gansu province.
1.2 test detection: porosity and water content of the soil.
1.3 test materials: example 1, blank (no soil conditioner added), comparative 1 (the attapulgite was prepared according to example 1 except that it was not acidified) and example 2.
1.4 detection method: the method comprises the steps of mixing the attapulgite in example 1, a blank (no soil conditioner is added), a comparison product 1 (the preparation method of the attapulgite is the same as that of example 1 except that the attapulgite is not acidified) and the attapulgite in example 2 with equal weight of soil according to a mass ratio of 2:10, adding water accounting for 55% of the total weight after mixing, standing indoors for one day, and detecting the water content and the porosity of the soil.
Soil moisture content detection-drying method
Weighing 3g of soil mixture, placing the soil mixture into a crucible, placing the crucible into a 105 ℃ oven for drying until the weight is constant, and calculating the water content of the soil.
Soil porosity detection
With a cutting ring (60 cm) 3 ) And (3) taking a soil mixture, putting the mixture into a 105 ℃ oven, drying to constant weight, testing for more than 3 times, and taking an average value.
And (4) calculating a result: rho b ＝s/v
In the formula, ρ b Soil volume weight, g/cm s-weight of dry soil in the cutting ring, g V-volume of the cutting ring, 60cm 3
Total porosity (1-volume weight/density). times.100%
And when calculating the soil density, taking an average density value of 2.65 g/cm.
Except for different detection substances, the detection modes of the experiment are consistent.
2 results and analysis
The results of the soil moisture content and porosity measurements are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
| Sample (I) | Water content of soil (%) | Porosity of soil (%) |
| Example 1 | 31 | 39.6 |
| Blank space | 28 | 37.2 |
| Comparative example 1 | 29 | 38.4 |
| Example 2 | 31 | 40.2 |
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, the application can improve the water retention rate and the porosity of soil whether used in loam or sandy soil.
Experiment four
1, materials and methods:
1.1 test site: gansu modern agriculture development Co.
1.2 test detection: the yield (1.75 mm-4 mm).
1.3 test materials: example 1, blank (except that the attapulgite was not acidified, the other preparation methods were identical to example 1) and example 2; a set of 5 ten thousand tons compound fertilizer production line is used for each material experiment, wherein each time is 3 shifts and 8 hours.
2 results of the experiment, see table 3
TABLE 3
| Sample (I) | Breakfast (t) | Middle class (t) | Night class (t) | Average (t) |
| Example 1 | 68.4 | 69.2 | 68.9 | 68.8 |
| Blank space | 57.6 | 58.5 | 57.9 | 58.0 |
| Example 2 | 81.9 | 79.6 | 80.7 | 80.7 |
As can be seen from table 3, example 1 reduced the yield due to low viscosity, while the blank viscosity was high, also affecting the yield, which can be improved by adjusting the mass ratio of the soil conditioner and the soybean extract.
Experiment five
1, materials and methods:
1.1 test site: gansu modern agriculture development Limited company test field.
1.2 experimental species: the keel 206.
1.3, experimental detection: average grain number per ear, grain weight per ear, thousand grain weight, yield per mu and yield increase.
1.4 test materials: example 1, blank (except that attapulgite is not acidified, other preparation methods are the same as example 1), example 2 and 20-10-10 compound fertilizers, 100kg of soil conditioner is applied per mu.
1.5 Experimental methods: fertilizers were basal applied to the soil along with soil conditioners, followed by sowing after preparation of the soil, with 40kg basal applied fertilizer for examples 1 and 2 and 50kg basal applied fertilizer for blank test.
2 results of the experiment, see table 4
TABLE 4
| Grain number per ear (grain) | Grain weight per ear (g) | Thousand Kernel weight (g) | Mu yield (kg/mu) | Yield increase (%) | |
| Blank space | 542 | 272 | 348 | 673.5 | |
| Example 1 | 556 | 282 | 351 | 692.3 | 2.79 |
| Example 2 | 564 | 285 | 353 | 701.1 | 4.10 |
As can be seen from table 4, the present application, by conditioning the soil and adding the soybean extract, while reducing the application rate of the fertilizer, does not reduce the crop yield, even slightly increases the crop quality and yield.
Claims (5)
1. The soil conditioner contains attapulgite, and is characterized in that the attapulgite is subjected to acidification treatment, and also contains a soybean extract, wherein the viscosity of an aqueous solution of the soybean extract and water in a mass ratio of 1:1 is greater than 30 mPa.s at 25 ℃ under the condition of 600 r/min;
the acidification treatment is carried out according to the following steps:
1) preparing ore pulp: adding attapulgite, water and a 5040 dispersing agent into a ball mill, and carrying out ball milling to obtain ore pulp; 2) Preparing a soil conditioner: mixing the ore pulp and sulfuric acid, activating for 25min at the temperature of 85 ℃ and the rotating speed of 90r/min, and washing, filtering, drying and crushing to obtain a powder soil conditioner; the mass ratio of the attapulgite to the water to the 5040 dispersant is 27-30: 70-73: 0.5-1; the concentration of the sulfuric acid is 62-65%; the mass ratio of the ore pulp to the sulfuric acid is 97-98.5: 1.5-3;
adding the soybean extract into a powder soil conditioner, and granulating to obtain a granular soil conditioner; the mass ratio of the powdery conditioner to the soybean extract is 99: 1.
2. The soil conditioner of claim 1, wherein the soy extract is extracted by one or both of microbial extraction or enzymatic extraction.
3. The soil conditioner of claim 1 or 2, wherein the soybean extract comprises isoflavone 0.101%, aspartic acid 0.684%, glutamic acid 1.246%, alanine 0.513%, leucine 0.684%, lysine 0.612%, valine 0.602%, histidine 0.403%, and serine 0.541%.
4. The preparation method of the soil conditioner is characterized by comprising the following steps of: 1) Preparing ore pulp: adding attapulgite, water and a 5040 dispersing agent into a ball mill, and carrying out ball milling to obtain ore pulp; 2) Preparing a soil conditioner: mixing the ore pulp and sulfuric acid, activating for 25min at the temperature of 85 ℃ and the rotating speed of 90r/min, and washing, filtering, drying and crushing to obtain a powder soil conditioner; the mass ratio of the attapulgite to the water to the 5040 dispersant is 27-30: 70-73: 0.5-1; the concentration of the sulfuric acid is 62-65%; the mass ratio of the ore pulp to the sulfuric acid is 97-98.5: 1.5-3;
adding the soybean extract into a powder soil conditioner, and granulating to obtain a granular soil conditioner; the mass ratio of the powdery conditioner to the soybean extract is 99: 1.
5. The soil conditioner according to claim 4, wherein the fineness of the powdery soil conditioner is 40 to 60 μm; the pH value of the powder soil conditioner is 6.0-7.5.
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| CN113755181A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2021-12-07 | 河西学院 | Concave-convex-mushroom bran saline-alkali soil conditioner and preparation method thereof |
| CN115259916B (en) * | 2022-09-14 | 2023-07-21 | 甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所 | Carbon-nitrogen combined fixing agent, preparation method thereof and application thereof in preparation of organic fertilizer |
| CN115611686A (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2023-01-17 | 海南省农垦科学院集团有限公司 | Attapulgite soil binder for sandy land and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1526791A (en) * | 2003-03-04 | 2004-09-08 | 甘肃凯西生态环境工程有限公司 | Water maintaining material and its processing method |
| CN107836291A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-03-27 | 广西壮族自治区畜牧研究所 | A kind of interplanting method of wing pod Cassia tora and khuskhus |
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| CN1526791A (en) * | 2003-03-04 | 2004-09-08 | 甘肃凯西生态环境工程有限公司 | Water maintaining material and its processing method |
| CN107836291A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-03-27 | 广西壮族自治区畜牧研究所 | A kind of interplanting method of wing pod Cassia tora and khuskhus |
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