CN115611686A - Attapulgite soil binder for sandy land and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Attapulgite soil binder for sandy land and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115611686A CN115611686A CN202211148581.4A CN202211148581A CN115611686A CN 115611686 A CN115611686 A CN 115611686A CN 202211148581 A CN202211148581 A CN 202211148581A CN 115611686 A CN115611686 A CN 115611686A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/30—Anti-agglomerating additives; Anti-solidifying additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/70—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting wettability, e.g. drying agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
Abstract
The invention provides an attapulgite soil binder for a sandy land and a preparation method thereof, wherein the soil binder comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 6-8% of urea, 4-6% of monoammonium phosphate, 7-9% of potassium sulfate, 20-30% of cow dung and 50-60% of mixed attapulgite. The preparation method of the soil adhesive comprises the following steps: taking raw materials according to the components of the formula, and crushing and sieving the components; granulating and molding the mixed raw materials by a disc to obtain soft particles; and (3) drying the soft particles for the first time at 115-125 ℃, granulating again, drying for the second time at 105-110 ℃, and cooling to obtain the target attapulgite soil binder. The attapulgite soil adhesive prepared by the invention can be applied to improvement of sandy farmlands in coastal areas, has special effects of improving crop resistance, relieving soil acidification, preserving water and fertilizer, optimizing soil environment, is environment-friendly in material, and is suitable for the requirements of large-area sandy land restoration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of farmland soil improvement, in particular to an attapulgite soil adhesive for sandy land and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The existing similar products mainly comprise: 1. the soil binder (also known as glue powder, soil conservation agent, soil moisture conservation agent, water and soil conservation agent, etc.) is a water-soluble organic soil conditioner, belongs to an artificially synthesized organic compound, namely a polymer with a high molecular net structure, and is mainly applied to slope protection, greening spray seeding and afforestation to prevent water and soil loss, etc.; 2. the soil curing agent is a novel energy-saving environment-friendly engineering material which is synthesized by various inorganic and organic materials and used for curing various soils, is applied to industrial roads instead of concrete, and has the functions of curing soil layers, improving soil compactness and prolonging the service life of roads. Both of these products are not good for the soil health of farmland, so there are few examples for improving the soil of large-area farmland.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides an attapulgite soil binder for sandy land and a preparation method thereof, which can be used for effectively repairing large-area sandy land.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the mixed attapulgite is used as a raw material, and is matched with urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate and cow dung in a certain proportion to prepare the soil adhesive, so that the soil adhesive is used for repairing sandy land and meeting the planting requirements of paddy fields.
The invention selects the mixed-dimensional attapulgite which is a natural material attapulgite (also called palygorskite soil) and is supplied by Linze county Ding Fengyuan attapulgite high and new technology development company Limited, wherein SiO in the mixed-dimensional attapulgite 2 ≥39％，CaO≥22％，MgO≥5％，Al 2 O 3 ≥14％，Fe 2 O 3 ≥9％，K 2 O is more than or equal to 3 percent by mass percentage.
Attapulgite is called 'king of thousand soil', is a clay mineral containing water and magnesium-rich aluminosilicate with a chain lamellar structure, has good colloidal properties of unique dispersion, high temperature resistance, salt and alkali resistance and the like, has the characteristics of strong adsorption decoloration, cation exchange, water retention, cohesiveness and the like, can adsorb harmful elements in soil and reduce heavy metal pollution, contains multiple medium and trace elements such as silicon, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, iron, copper, zinc, molybdenum, boron, iodine, selenium and the like, and has a unique crystal structure capable of increasing the porosity of the soil and improving the physical structure of the soil.
Specifically, the invention provides an attapulgite soil binder for a sandy land, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 6-8% of urea, 4-6% of monoammonium phosphate, 7-9% of potassium sulfate, 20-30% of cow dung and 50-60% of mixed vitamin attapulgite.
Further, the attapulgite soil binder comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 7.5% of urea, 5.0% of monoammonium phosphate, 8.4% of potassium sulfate, 24.1% of cow dung and 55% of attapulgite.
Furthermore, the SiO in the mixed-dimensional attapulgite is calculated by mass percentage 2 ≥39％，CaO≥22％，MgO≥5％，Al 2 O 3 ≥14％，Fe 2 O 3 ≥9％，K 2 O≥3％。
Further, the preparation method of the attapulgite soil binder comprises the following steps: taking raw materials according to the components of the formula, and crushing and sieving the components; granulating and molding the mixed raw materials by a disc to obtain soft particles; and (3) drying the soft particles for the first time at 115-125 ℃, granulating again, drying for the second time at 105-110 ℃, and cooling to obtain the target granular attapulgite soil binder.
Further, the first drying time and the second drying time are both 20-30 minutes.
Further, the cooling time is 30-40 minutes.
Furthermore, the mesh number of the sieve is 80-120 meshes.
Furthermore, the size fraction of the granulation molding is 1-3mm.
Furthermore, the moisture of the granules is controlled between 30 percent and 40 percent by granulation and molding.
Furthermore, the water content of the granular attapulgite soil binder prepared by the invention is 10-13%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) Aiming at the problem of desertification, the mixed attapulgite is used as a main raw material, matched with urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate and cow dung in a certain proportion to prepare a soil adhesive, applied to soil improvement of farmlands such as sandy loam or loam sandy soil and the like, used for adjusting the pH value of the soil, used for supplementing soil trace elements and used for remodeling the soil structure, in particular to sandy farmlands in coastal areas.
(2) The attapulgite soil adhesive is applied to improvement of sandy farmlands in coastal areas, and has special effects of improving crop resistance, relieving soil acidification, preserving water and fertility and optimizing soil environment.
(3) Compared with other artificially synthesized organic materials, the product of the invention utilizes pure natural materials, has large reserve, low production cost and high finished product yield, more importantly absorbs toxic volatile components, has no pollution and good environmental protection, is very suitable for constructing a healthy plough layer of a farmland and improving water and fertilizer conservation of the soil, and is also suitable for improving the soil of the large-area farmland.
(4) The attapulgite soil adhesive prepared by the method has moderate water content and compact materials, effectively reduces hygroscopicity, avoids agglomeration, improves the stability of the product, is easier to store and transport, and is beneficial to long-distance commercial sale.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph showing the current state of farmland in the early stage of soil improvement in a project area;
fig. 2 is a photograph of a soil binder water retention test.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the invention, specific examples are provided below to further illustrate the invention.
The experimental methods used in the examples of the present invention are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
The materials, reagents and the like used in the examples of the present invention are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
The mixed attapulgite is supplied by Linze county Ding Feng Yuan attapulgite high and new technology development company Limited, and SiO in the mixed attapulgite 2 ≥39％，CaO≥22％，MgO≥5％，Al 2 O 3 ≥14％，Fe 2 O 3 ≥9％，K 2 O is more than or equal to 3 percent by mass percentage.
Example 1 Attapulgite soil Binder
(1) The formula is as follows:
| serial number | Name of raw materials | Mass percent of |
| 1 | Urea | 7.5％ |
| 2 | Monoammonium phosphate | 5.0％ |
| 3 | Potassium sulfate | 8.4％ |
| 4 | Cow dung | 24.1％ |
| 5 | Mixed-vitamin attapulgite | 55.0％ |
The raw materials are respectively taken according to the formula component matching, and are uniformly mixed to prepare the soil adhesive.
Example 2 Attapulgite soil Binder
(1) The formula is as follows:
| serial number | Name of raw materials | Mass percent of |
| 1 | Urea | 6.0％ |
| 2 | Monoammonium phosphate | 6.0％ |
| 3 | Potassium sulfate | 7.0％ |
| 4 | Cow dung | 22.0％ |
| 5 | Mixed-vitamin attapulgite | 59.0％ |
The raw materials are respectively taken according to the formula component matching, and are uniformly mixed to prepare the soil adhesive.
Example 3 Attapulgite soil Binder
(1) The formula is as follows:
| serial number | Name of raw materials | Mass percent |
| 1 | Urea | 8.0％ |
| 2 | Monoammonium phosphate | 4.0％ |
| 3 | Potassium sulfate | 9.0％ |
| 4 | Cow dung | 27.0％ |
| 5 | Mixed-vitamin attapulgite | 52.0％ |
The raw materials are respectively taken according to the formula component matching, and are uniformly mixed to prepare the soil adhesive.
Example 4 Attapulgite soil Binder
(1) The formulation is in accordance with example 1:
(2) The preparation method comprises the following steps:
respectively taking raw materials according to the formula component matching, crushing and sieving each component to obtain the fineness of 100 meshes; molding the mixed raw materials by disc molding (1-3 mm particles), and controlling the water content to be 3% -4% to obtain soft particles; the soft particle sample is dried for 20min at 120 ℃ for one time and re-granulated, then is dried for 20min at 110 ℃ for two times, the water content is reduced to 15% -20%, then the air is cooled for 30min, the water content is finally kept at 10% -13%, and at the moment, the finished product is full in particles, moderate in hardness, dry in the kneaded particles and free of damp feeling. And (7) packaging and storing.
Example 5 Attapulgite soil Binder
(1) The formulation is in accordance with example 2:
| serial number | Name of raw materials | Mass percent |
| 1 | Urea | 6.0％ |
| 2 | Phosphoric acid monoammonium salt | 6.0％ |
| 3 | Potassium sulfate | 7.0％ |
| 4 | Cow dung | 22.0％ |
| 5 | Mixed-vitamin attapulgite | 59.0％ |
(2) The preparation method comprises the following steps:
respectively taking raw materials according to the formula component matching, crushing and sieving each component to obtain the fineness of 100 meshes; molding the mixed raw materials by a disc molding method (1-3 mm particles), and controlling the water content between 3% and 4% to obtain soft particles; the soft particle sample is dried for 20min at 120 ℃ for one time and re-granulated, then is dried for 30min at 110 ℃ for two times, the water content is reduced to 15% -20%, then the air blast cooling is carried out for 40min, the water content is finally kept at 10% -13%, and at the moment, the finished product is full in particles, moderate in hardness, dry in the kneaded particles and free of damp feeling. And (7) packaging and storing.
Example 6 Attapulgite soil Binder
(1) The formulation was in accordance with example 3:
(2) The preparation method comprises the following steps:
respectively taking raw materials according to the formula component matching, crushing and sieving each component to obtain the fineness of 100 meshes; molding the mixed raw materials by a disc molding method (1-3 mm particles), and controlling the water content between 3% and 4% to obtain soft particles; the soft particle sample is dried for 30min at 120 ℃ for the first time to re-granulate, then is dried for 30min at 110 ℃ for the second time, the water content is reduced to 15% -20%, then is cooled for 20min by air blast, the water content is finally kept at 10% -13%, at the moment, the finished product is full in particles, moderate in hardness, dry in the pellet by hand kneading, and free of damp feeling. And (5) packaging and storing.
Test examples
Experiments are carried out in Mitsui city, hainan province, 2021-2022 years ago, the attapulgite soil binder prepared in examples 1-6 (research groups 1-6) is respectively subjected to water retention improvement on sandy loam or sandy loam, the water surface is averagely reduced by 6cm (10-15 cm full of water) after 72 hours, and the new paddy field planting requirements are completely met, as shown in figures 1 and 2, figure 1 is a survey picture of the current situation of farmland at the early stage of soil improvement in project areas, and the sandy land can be seen from figure 1 and cannot meet the paddy field planting requirements; FIG. 2 is a photograph of a soil binder water retention test, which shows that the water retention effect is good, and the soil structure, soil pH, trace elements and other soil test results all meet the rice planting requirements, wherein the soil porosity is increased by 20-30%, the soil pH after improvement is 6.5-7.5, the soil organic matter is increased to 17.6g/kg, and is increased by about 140% compared with that before improvement, when the soil binder water retention test is used for planting rice, the rice growth is good, and the yield per mu is increased. Wherein, the attapulgite soil adhesive prepared in the embodiments 4-6 has moderate water content of products, compact materials, effectively reduced hygroscopicity, avoided agglomeration, improved product stability, easier storage and transportation, and is beneficial to long-distance commercial sale.
The pH of the soil is measured according to NY/T1377-2007;
the soil organic matter is measured according to NY/T1121.6-2006.
Compared with other artificially synthesized organic materials, the product of the invention utilizes pure natural materials, has large reserve, low production cost and high finished product yield, more importantly absorbs toxic volatile components, has no pollution and good environmental protection property, and is very suitable for constructing a healthy farmland plough layer and improving water and fertilizer conservation of soil.
Comparative example-formulation comparative study
The comparative experiment aims at researching the influence of the dosage of each component of the formula on the product effect.
(1) Formulation of
| Comparative group 1 | Comparison group2 | ||
| Serial number | Name of raw materials | Mass percent of | Mass percent |
| 1 | Urea | 9.0％ | 5.0％ |
| 2 | Phosphoric acid monoammonium salt | 7.0％ | 4.0％ |
| 3 | Potassium sulfate | 10.0％ | 6.0％ |
| 4 | Cow dung | 34.0％ | 15.0％ |
| 5 | Mixed-vitamin attapulgite | 40.0％ | 70.0％ |
The raw materials are respectively taken according to the formula component matching, and are uniformly mixed to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine. After the products obtained by the comparative groups 1-2 are respectively subjected to water retention improvement on sandy loam, compared with the products obtained by the examples 1-3, the water retention and fertilizer retention effects of the comparative groups 1-2 are obviously reduced. Compared with the prior art, the attapulgite clay soil stabilizer has the advantages that the attapulgite clay soil stabilizer in the comparative group 1 is less in mixed attapulgite clay addition, more urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate and cow dung are added, and the water retention effect is less than 72 hours, and the reason for the water retention effect is probably that the adsorption capacity of the attapulgite clay is influenced by the formula composition, and the formed water-stable aggregate particles and the sedimentation degree of the water-stable aggregate particles cannot completely fill gaps among gravels, so that the soil field underwater seepage and loss are caused; compared with the group 2, more attapulgite with mixed vitamins and less urea, potassium sulfate and cow dung are added, so that the exposed ground surface appears about 3 days, probably because water-stable aggregate particles formed by adsorption of a large amount of attapulgite are larger, the freeness of the aggregate particles is reduced, the water-stable aggregate particles cannot be uniformly dispersed on the ground surface after rotary tillage pulping, the seam repair degree and thickness among gravels are different, and the effective water retention time of plough layer soil is shortened.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An attapulgite soil binder for a sandy land is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 6-8% of urea, 4-6% of monoammonium phosphate, 7-9% of potassium sulfate, 20-30% of cow dung and 50-60% of mixed attapulgite.
2. The attapulgite soil binder for sandy land according to claim 1, comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 7.5% of urea, 5.0% of monoammonium phosphate, 8.4% of potassium sulfate, 24.1% of cow dung and 55% of attapulgite.
3. The attapulgite soil binder for sandy land according to claim 1, wherein the mixed-dimensional attapulgite contains SiO therein in percentage by mass 2 ≥39％，CaO≥22％，MgO≥5％，Al 2 O 3 ≥14％，Fe 2 O 3 ≥9％，K 2 O≥3％。
4. A method for preparing an attapulgite soil binder for sandy land according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of: taking raw materials according to the components of the formula, and crushing and sieving the components; granulating and molding the mixed raw materials by a disc to obtain soft particles; drying the soft granules at 115-125 deg.C for the first time, granulating, drying at 105-110 deg.C for the second time, and cooling to obtain the objective attapulgite soil binder.
5. The method for preparing an attapulgite soil binder for sandy land according to claim 4, wherein the first drying and the second drying are both carried out for 20 to 30 minutes.
6. A method for preparing an attapulgite soil binder for sandy land according to claim 4, wherein the cooling time is 20 to 40 minutes.
7. The method for preparing an attapulgite soil binder for sandy land according to claim 4, wherein the mesh number of the sieving is 80 to 120 meshes.
8. The method for preparing an attapulgite soil binder for sandy land according to claim 4, wherein the granulated and formed grain size is 1-3mm.
9. A process for preparing an attapulgite soil binder for sandy land according to claim 4, wherein the granulation formation is carried out with a granule moisture content of between 30% and 40%.
10. The method for preparing an attapulgite soil binder for sandy land according to any one of claims 4 to 9, wherein the target attapulgite soil binder has a water content of 10% to 13%.
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