CN108424193A - A kind of soilless culture substrate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of soilless culture substrate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108424193A CN108424193A CN201810610779.7A CN201810610779A CN108424193A CN 108424193 A CN108424193 A CN 108424193A CN 201810610779 A CN201810610779 A CN 201810610779A CN 108424193 A CN108424193 A CN 108424193A
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- soilless culture
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/18—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing inorganic fibres, e.g. mineral wool
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of soilless culture substrate and preparation method thereof, it is related to cultivation matrix field, including the raw material of following parts by weight meter：0.2 0.8 parts of 30 40 parts of peat, 10 15 parts of coating expanded perlite, 6 12 parts of montmorillonite powder, 10 15 parts of plant ash, 10 15 parts of egg-shell meal, discarded 49 parts of flake asbestos, 10 15 parts of stalk, 49 parts of bean dregs, 49 parts of potato slag, 37 parts of powdered rice hulls, 25 parts of cyclodextrin, 13 parts of sodium cellulose glycolate, 37 parts of quick lime and trace element；Soilless culture substrate nutriment of the present invention is abundant, and water imbibition and permeability are excellent, and with good water-retaining property, unharmful substance generates in preparation process, environmentally protective, using domestic refuse as raw material, derives from a wealth of sources, production cost is low, and preparation method is simple.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cultivation matrix fields, and in particular to a kind of soilless culture substrate and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Soilless culture is a kind of new technology of the arable farming to grow up in recent decades.Crop is not cultivation in soil
In, but be planted in certain cultivation matrix, carry out arable farming with nutrient solution.As long as having certain cultivating device and having one
Fixed management measure, crop energy normal growth, and obtain high yield.Due to not having to natural soil, but with certain nutrient solution or
Matrix, therefore it is referred to as soilless culture.
The characteristics of soilless culture is to replace soil environment with the crop root growth environment of artificial creation, it can not only meet
Crop requires these conditions to be controlled adjusting to the needs of the conditions such as nutrient, moisture, air, to promote crop more
It grows well, and obtains preferable nutrient growth and balanced in reproductive growth.So the usual growth and development of the crop of soilless culture is good
Good, yield is high, and quality is superior.Soilless culture greatly extends the space of agricultural production departing from the limitation of soil so that makees
Object can be produced in barren land, and development prospect is very extensive.It is planted without soil currently, almost all of plant factor is all made of
Training pattern.
Chinese patent CN10411915A discloses a kind of wheat bio-matrix manufacturing method, including by wheat stalk, jade
Rice stalk and float stone, by after crushing wheat stalk and maize straw and corrosion plus water and same peat, fermenting bed padding and be added
A small amount of curing matrix is mixed and made into fermentation substrate, and mixed fermentation substrate carries out to stacking is decomposed and regular Throwing is turned over, and completes heap
Earthworm is introduced in fertile backward compost, is cured, is made after dry, environmentally safe, peculiar smell is small, but deposits and seek in the feed
Form a point single disadvantage.
Chinese patent CN102648696A, which is disclosed, a kind of utilizing matrimony vine paper slip production Vegetable culture medium and seedling medium
Method, production stage：Matrimony vine branch is crushed, wet, addition organic fertilizer, urea and enzyme preparation, mixing, in environment are spread with water
Heap fermentation under temperature 10-40 degrees celsius, when heap central temperature is higher than 75 degrees Celsius, turning, until temperature declines in heap
When to close to environment temperature, complete fermentation, then mixed thoroughly with perlite, Organized Vermiculite and perlite after after, have water suction,
Ventilative, full of nutrition advantage, but raw material matrimony vine branch of the present invention has regional limitation, raw material sources limited.
Invention content
For problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of soilless culture substrates and preparation method thereof, originally
Invention soilless culture substrate nutriment is abundant, and water imbibition and permeability are excellent, has a good water-retaining property, in preparation process
Unharmful substance generates, environmentally protective, using domestic refuse as raw material, derives from a wealth of sources, production cost is low, and preparation method is simple.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of soilless culture substrate includes the raw material of following parts by weight meter：
30-40 parts of peat, 10-15 parts of coating expanded perlite, 6-12 parts of montmorillonite powder, 10-15 parts of plant ash, egg-shell meal
10-15 parts, discarded 4-9 parts of flake asbestos, 10-15 parts of stalk, 4-9 parts of bean dregs, 4-9 parts of potato slag, 3-7 parts of powdered rice hulls, cyclodextrin 2-5
Part, 1-3 parts of sodium cellulose glycolate, 3-7 parts of quick lime and 0.2-0.8 parts of trace element.
Preferably, include the raw material of following parts by weight meter：32-38 parts of peat, 11-14 parts of coating expanded perlite, illiteracy are de-
8-10 parts of mountain flour, 12-14 parts of plant ash, 11-14 parts of egg-shell meal, discarded 5-8 parts of flake asbestos, 11-14 parts of stalk, 5-8 parts of bean dregs,
5-8 parts of potato slag, 4-6 parts of powdered rice hulls, 3-4 parts of cyclodextrin, 1.5-2.5 parts of sodium cellulose glycolate, 4-6 parts of quick lime and micro member
It is 0.4-0.6 parts plain.
Preferably, include the raw material of following parts by weight meter：35 parts of peat, 13 parts of coating expanded perlite, montmorillonite powder 9
Part, 13 parts of plant ash, 13 parts of egg-shell meal, discarded 7 parts of flake asbestos, 13 parts of stalk, 7 parts of bean dregs, 7 parts of potato slag, 5 parts of powdered rice hulls, ring
0.5 part of 3.5 parts of dextrin, 2 parts of sodium cellulose glycolate, 5 parts of quick lime and trace element.
Preferably, the preparation method of the coating expanded perlite is as follows：
(a) expanded perlite is placed in calcining furnace under 350-400 degrees celsius after roasting 4 hours, puts into ball milling
It is ground in machine, crosses 100-150 mesh sieve；
(b) step (a) treated expanded perlite is added in seed-coating machine and is heated to 220-230 degrees Celsius, and be added
Calcium carbonate powder stirs evenly, and obtains mixture；
(c) sprinkling clear water in seed-coating machine one end soaks the mixture of step (b), and epoxy resin powder is sprayed in one end, not
Disconnected stirring 30 minutes to get.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the expanded perlite, calcium carbonate and epoxy resin is 100:5:12.
Preferably, the trace element is Diammonium phosphate (DAP), magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulphate, calcium sulfate, potassium sulfate, chlorination
Iron is according to mass ratio 3:0.7:0.5:0.1:1:2:0.5 mixing composition.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned soilless culture substrate is also disclosed in the present invention specifically to include the following steps：
(1) it is 2-5 millimeters by being crushed to grain diameter in stalk and corncob cellulose feeding pulverizer；
(2) material after being crushed in step (1), bean dregs, potato slag, powdered rice hulls are added in homogenizer and are uniformly mixed,
Organic material is obtained, microorganism fungus kind powder is entered into organic material, continues to be stirred 15-20 minutes；
(3) mixture obtained is added in fermentation vat in step (2), and suitable water is added, after being uniformly mixed, into
Row fermentation, fermentation vat temperature rise to 55-65 degrees Celsius from room temperature, after fermenting 2-3 days, are cooled to room temperature, ferment 15-20 days, hair
Ferment material becomes brown or dark brown, and processing is dried after 2-5 days in natural drying, dry to be less than 5% to water content, crushed
Sieve；
(4) it after being uniformly mixed product obtained in step (3) and surplus stock, is placed in vacuum drying chamber and does
It is dry, moisture is removed, bag distribution packaging is to get the soilless culture substrate.
Preferably, it is to add water to mixture water content in fermentation vat to 40- that suitable water is added in the step (3)
50%.
Preferably, in the step (2) microorganism fungus kind powder dosage be organic material weight 1-3%.
Preferably, the microorganism fungus kind powder is antibiotic bacteria, saccharomycete, bacillus licheniformis, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, actinomyces and withered
Careless bacillus is according to mass ratio 2:5:2:1:1:2 mixing compositions.
The present invention has following advantageous effect：
(1) soilless culture substrate nutriment of the present invention is abundant, and water imbibition and permeability are excellent, has good water conservation
Property, unharmful substance generates in preparation process, environmentally protective, using domestic refuse as raw material, derives from a wealth of sources, and production cost is low,
Preparation method is simple.
(2) coating expanded perlite is added in the present invention, the fertilizer that epoxy powder enhances expanded perlite locks
Ability and water-retaining property enhance the sustained release phase of active principle in matrix, while there is expanded perlite good gas permeability to improve base
The porosity of matter.
(3) egg-shell meal is added in raw material of the present invention, egg shell main component is calcium carbonate, can adjust the acid in matrix
Basicity, and containing the trace element needed for least a portion of P elements and other agaricus bisporus, it is beneficial to mushroom growth, it improves double
Nutritional ingredient in spore mushroom；
(4) it is added with bean dregs in the present invention, contains abundant oil substances and gal4 amino acid in bean dregs, is plant
Abundant nutrient is provided, plant growth is promoted.
(5) pass through the mating reaction of this component, Ke Yiwei added with peat, expanded perlite, montmorillonite powder in the present invention
Matrix provides good gas permeability and water imbibition, prevents plant root from rotting.
Specific implementation mode
The specific implementation mode of the present invention is further described with reference to embodiment, following embodiment is only used for more
Technical scheme of the present invention is clearly demonstrated, and not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of soilless culture substrate includes the raw material of following parts by weight meter：
30 parts of peat, 10 parts of coating expanded perlite, 6 parts of montmorillonite powder, 10 parts of plant ash, 10 parts of egg-shell meal, discarded stone
4 parts of cotton powder, 10 parts of stalk, 4 parts of bean dregs, 4 parts of potato slag, 3 parts of powdered rice hulls, 2 parts of cyclodextrin, 1 part of sodium cellulose glycolate, quick lime
3 parts and 0.2 part of trace element.
The preparation method of coating expanded perlite is as follows：
(a) expanded perlite is placed in calcining furnace under 350 degrees celsius after roasting 4 hours, is put into ball mill
Grinding, sieves with 100 mesh sieve；
(b) step (a) treated expanded perlite is added in seed-coating machine and is heated to 220-230 degrees Celsius, and be added
Calcium carbonate powder stirs evenly, and obtains mixture；
(c) sprinkling clear water in seed-coating machine one end soaks the mixture of step (b), and epoxy resin powder is sprayed in one end, not
Disconnected stirring 30 minutes to get.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the expanded perlite, calcium carbonate and epoxy resin is 100:5:12.
Preferably, the trace element is Diammonium phosphate (DAP), magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulphate, calcium sulfate, potassium sulfate, chlorination
Iron is according to mass ratio 3:0.7:0.5:0.1:1:2:0.5 mixing composition.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned soilless culture substrate is also disclosed in the present invention specifically to include the following steps：
(1) it is 2-5 millimeters by being crushed to grain diameter in stalk and corncob cellulose feeding pulverizer；
(2) material after being crushed in step (1), bean dregs, potato slag, powdered rice hulls are added in homogenizer and are uniformly mixed,
Organic material is obtained, microorganism fungus kind powder is entered into organic material, continues to be stirred 15-20 minutes；
(3) mixture obtained is added in fermentation vat in step (2), and suitable water is added, after being uniformly mixed, into
Row fermentation, fermentation vat temperature rise to 55-65 degrees Celsius from room temperature, after fermenting 2-3 days, are cooled to room temperature, ferment 15-20 days, hair
Ferment material becomes brown or dark brown, and processing is dried after 2-5 days in natural drying, dry to be less than 5% to water content, crushed
Sieve；
(4) it after being uniformly mixed product obtained in step (3) and surplus stock, is placed in vacuum drying chamber and does
It is dry, moisture is removed, bag distribution packaging is to get the soilless culture substrate.
Preferably, it is to add water to mixture water content in fermentation vat to 40- that suitable water is added in the step (3)
50%.
Preferably, in the step (2) microorganism fungus kind powder dosage be organic material weight 1-3%.
Preferably, the microorganism fungus kind powder is antibiotic bacteria, saccharomycete, bacillus licheniformis, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, actinomyces and withered
Careless bacillus is according to mass ratio 2:5:2:1:1:2 mixing compositions.
Embodiment 2
A kind of soilless culture substrate includes the raw material of following parts by weight meter：
30-40 parts of peat, 10-15 parts of coating expanded perlite, 6-12 parts of montmorillonite powder, 10-15 parts of plant ash, egg-shell meal
10-15 parts, discarded 4-9 parts of flake asbestos, 10-15 parts of stalk, 4-9 parts of bean dregs, 4-9 parts of potato slag, 3-7 parts of powdered rice hulls, cyclodextrin 2-5
Part, 1-3 parts of sodium cellulose glycolate, 3-7 parts of quick lime and 0.2-0.8 parts of trace element.
Preferably, include the raw material of following parts by weight meter：32-38 parts of peat, 11-14 parts of coating expanded perlite, illiteracy are de-
8-10 parts of mountain flour, 12-14 parts of plant ash, 11-14 parts of egg-shell meal, discarded 5-8 parts of flake asbestos, 11-14 parts of stalk, 5-8 parts of bean dregs,
5-8 parts of potato slag, 4-6 parts of powdered rice hulls, 3-4 parts of cyclodextrin, 1.5-2.5 parts of sodium cellulose glycolate, 4-6 parts of quick lime and micro member
It is 0.4-0.6 parts plain.
Preferably, include the raw material of following parts by weight meter：35 parts of peat, 13 parts of coating expanded perlite, montmorillonite powder 9
Part, 13 parts of plant ash, 13 parts of egg-shell meal, discarded 7 parts of flake asbestos, 13 parts of stalk, 7 parts of bean dregs, 7 parts of potato slag, 5 parts of powdered rice hulls, ring
0.5 part of 3.5 parts of dextrin, 2 parts of sodium cellulose glycolate, 5 parts of quick lime and trace element.
Preferably, the preparation method of the coating expanded perlite is as follows：
(a) expanded perlite is placed in calcining furnace under 350-400 degrees celsius after roasting 4 hours, puts into ball milling
It is ground in machine, crosses 100-150 mesh sieve；
(b) step (a) treated expanded perlite is added in seed-coating machine and is heated to 220-230 degrees Celsius, and be added
Calcium carbonate powder stirs evenly, and obtains mixture；
(c) sprinkling clear water in seed-coating machine one end soaks the mixture of step (b), and epoxy resin powder is sprayed in one end, not
Disconnected stirring 30 minutes to get.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the expanded perlite, calcium carbonate and epoxy resin is 100:5:12.
Preferably, the trace element is Diammonium phosphate (DAP), magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulphate, calcium sulfate, potassium sulfate, chlorination
Iron is according to mass ratio 3:0.7:0.5:0.1:1:2:0.5 mixing composition.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned soilless culture substrate is also disclosed in the present invention specifically to include the following steps：
(1) it is 2-5 millimeters by being crushed to grain diameter in stalk and corncob cellulose feeding pulverizer；
(2) material after being crushed in step (1), bean dregs, potato slag, powdered rice hulls are added in homogenizer and are uniformly mixed,
Organic material is obtained, microorganism fungus kind powder is entered into organic material, continues to be stirred 15-20 minutes；
(3) mixture obtained is added in fermentation vat in step (2), and suitable water is added, after being uniformly mixed, into
Row fermentation, fermentation vat temperature rise to 55-65 degrees Celsius from room temperature, after fermenting 2-3 days, are cooled to room temperature, ferment 15-20 days, hair
Ferment material becomes brown or dark brown, and processing is dried after 2-5 days in natural drying, dry to be less than 5% to water content, crushed
Sieve；
(4) it after being uniformly mixed product obtained in step (3) and surplus stock, is placed in vacuum drying chamber and does
It is dry, moisture is removed, bag distribution packaging is to get the soilless culture substrate.
Preferably, it is to add water to mixture water content in fermentation vat to 40- that suitable water is added in the step (3)
50%.
Preferably, in the step (2) microorganism fungus kind powder dosage be organic material weight 1-3%.
Preferably, the microorganism fungus kind powder is antibiotic bacteria, saccharomycete, bacillus licheniformis, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, actinomyces and withered
Careless bacillus is according to mass ratio 2:5:2:1:1:2 mixing compositions.
Embodiment 3
A kind of soilless culture substrate includes the raw material of following parts by weight meter：
30-40 parts of peat, 10-15 parts of coating expanded perlite, 6-12 parts of montmorillonite powder, 10-15 parts of plant ash, egg-shell meal
10-15 parts, discarded 4-9 parts of flake asbestos, 10-15 parts of stalk, 4-9 parts of bean dregs, 4-9 parts of potato slag, 3-7 parts of powdered rice hulls, cyclodextrin 2-5
Part, 1-3 parts of sodium cellulose glycolate, 3-7 parts of quick lime and 0.2-0.8 parts of trace element.
Preferably, include the raw material of following parts by weight meter：32-38 parts of peat, 11-14 parts of coating expanded perlite, illiteracy are de-
8-10 parts of mountain flour, 12-14 parts of plant ash, 11-14 parts of egg-shell meal, discarded 5-8 parts of flake asbestos, 11-14 parts of stalk, 5-8 parts of bean dregs,
5-8 parts of potato slag, 4-6 parts of powdered rice hulls, 3-4 parts of cyclodextrin, 1.5-2.5 parts of sodium cellulose glycolate, 4-6 parts of quick lime and micro member
It is 0.4-0.6 parts plain.
Preferably, include the raw material of following parts by weight meter：35 parts of peat, 13 parts of coating expanded perlite, montmorillonite powder 9
Part, 13 parts of plant ash, 13 parts of egg-shell meal, discarded 7 parts of flake asbestos, 13 parts of stalk, 7 parts of bean dregs, 7 parts of potato slag, 5 parts of powdered rice hulls, ring
0.5 part of 3.5 parts of dextrin, 2 parts of sodium cellulose glycolate, 5 parts of quick lime and trace element.
Preferably, the preparation method of the coating expanded perlite is as follows：
(a) expanded perlite is placed in calcining furnace under 350-400 degrees celsius after roasting 4 hours, puts into ball milling
It is ground in machine, crosses 100-150 mesh sieve；
(b) step (a) treated expanded perlite is added in seed-coating machine and is heated to 220-230 degrees Celsius, and be added
Calcium carbonate powder stirs evenly, and obtains mixture；
(c) sprinkling clear water in seed-coating machine one end soaks the mixture of step (b), and epoxy resin powder is sprayed in one end, not
Disconnected stirring 30 minutes to get.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the expanded perlite, calcium carbonate and epoxy resin is 100:5:12.
Preferably, the trace element is Diammonium phosphate (DAP), magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulphate, calcium sulfate, potassium sulfate, chlorination
Iron is according to mass ratio 3:0.7:0.5:0.1:1:2:0.5 mixing composition.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned soilless culture substrate is also disclosed in the present invention specifically to include the following steps：
(1) it is 2-5 millimeters by being crushed to grain diameter in stalk and corncob cellulose feeding pulverizer；
(2) material after being crushed in step (1), bean dregs, potato slag, powdered rice hulls are added in homogenizer and are uniformly mixed,
Organic material is obtained, microorganism fungus kind powder is entered into organic material, continues to be stirred 15-20 minutes；
(3) mixture obtained is added in fermentation vat in step (2), and suitable water is added, after being uniformly mixed, into
Row fermentation, fermentation vat temperature rise to 55-65 degrees Celsius from room temperature, after fermenting 2-3 days, are cooled to room temperature, ferment 15-20 days, hair
Ferment material becomes brown or dark brown, and processing is dried after 2-5 days in natural drying, dry to be less than 5% to water content, crushed
Sieve；
(4) it after being uniformly mixed product obtained in step (3) and surplus stock, is placed in vacuum drying chamber and does
It is dry, moisture is removed, bag distribution packaging is to get the soilless culture substrate.
Preferably, it is to add water to mixture water content in fermentation vat to 40- that suitable water is added in the step (3)
50%.
Preferably, in the step (2) microorganism fungus kind powder dosage be organic material weight 1-3%.
Preferably, the microorganism fungus kind powder is antibiotic bacteria, saccharomycete, bacillus licheniformis, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, actinomyces and withered
Careless bacillus is according to mass ratio 2:5:2:1:1:2 mixing compositions.
Embodiment 4
A kind of soilless culture substrate includes the raw material of following parts by weight meter：
30-40 parts of peat, 10-15 parts of coating expanded perlite, 6-12 parts of montmorillonite powder, 10-15 parts of plant ash, egg-shell meal
10-15 parts, discarded 4-9 parts of flake asbestos, 10-15 parts of stalk, 4-9 parts of bean dregs, 4-9 parts of potato slag, 3-7 parts of powdered rice hulls, cyclodextrin 2-5
Part, 1-3 parts of sodium cellulose glycolate, 3-7 parts of quick lime and 0.2-0.8 parts of trace element.
Preferably, include the raw material of following parts by weight meter：32-38 parts of peat, 11-14 parts of coating expanded perlite, illiteracy are de-
8-10 parts of mountain flour, 12-14 parts of plant ash, 11-14 parts of egg-shell meal, discarded 5-8 parts of flake asbestos, 11-14 parts of stalk, 5-8 parts of bean dregs,
5-8 parts of potato slag, 4-6 parts of powdered rice hulls, 3-4 parts of cyclodextrin, 1.5-2.5 parts of sodium cellulose glycolate, 4-6 parts of quick lime and micro member
It is 0.4-0.6 parts plain.
Preferably, include the raw material of following parts by weight meter：35 parts of peat, 13 parts of coating expanded perlite, montmorillonite powder 9
Part, 13 parts of plant ash, 13 parts of egg-shell meal, discarded 7 parts of flake asbestos, 13 parts of stalk, 7 parts of bean dregs, 7 parts of potato slag, 5 parts of powdered rice hulls, ring
0.5 part of 3.5 parts of dextrin, 2 parts of sodium cellulose glycolate, 5 parts of quick lime and trace element.
Preferably, the preparation method of the coating expanded perlite is as follows：
(a) expanded perlite is placed in calcining furnace under 350-400 degrees celsius after roasting 4 hours, puts into ball milling
It is ground in machine, crosses 100-150 mesh sieve；
(b) step (a) treated expanded perlite is added in seed-coating machine and is heated to 220-230 degrees Celsius, and be added
Calcium carbonate powder stirs evenly, and obtains mixture；
(c) sprinkling clear water in seed-coating machine one end soaks the mixture of step (b), and epoxy resin powder is sprayed in one end, not
Disconnected stirring 30 minutes to get.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the expanded perlite, calcium carbonate and epoxy resin is 100:5:12.
Preferably, the trace element is Diammonium phosphate (DAP), magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulphate, calcium sulfate, potassium sulfate, chlorination
Iron is according to mass ratio 3:0.7:0.5:0.1:1:2:0.5 mixing composition.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned soilless culture substrate is also disclosed in the present invention specifically to include the following steps：
(1) it is 2-5 millimeters by being crushed to grain diameter in stalk and corncob cellulose feeding pulverizer；
(2) material after being crushed in step (1), bean dregs, potato slag, powdered rice hulls are added in homogenizer and are uniformly mixed,
Organic material is obtained, microorganism fungus kind powder is entered into organic material, continues to be stirred 15-20 minutes；
(3) mixture obtained is added in fermentation vat in step (2), and suitable water is added, after being uniformly mixed, into
Row fermentation, fermentation vat temperature rise to 55-65 degrees Celsius from room temperature, after fermenting 2-3 days, are cooled to room temperature, ferment 15-20 days, hair
Ferment material becomes brown or dark brown, and processing is dried after 2-5 days in natural drying, dry to be less than 5% to water content, crushed
Sieve；
(4) it after being uniformly mixed product obtained in step (3) and surplus stock, is placed in vacuum drying chamber and does
It is dry, moisture is removed, bag distribution packaging is to get the soilless culture substrate.
Preferably, it is to add water to mixture water content in fermentation vat to 40- that suitable water is added in the step (3)
50%.
Preferably, in the step (2) microorganism fungus kind powder dosage be organic material weight 1-3%.
Preferably, the microorganism fungus kind powder is antibiotic bacteria, saccharomycete, bacillus licheniformis, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, actinomyces and withered
Careless bacillus is according to mass ratio 2:5:2:1:1:2 mixing compositions.
Embodiment 5
A kind of soilless culture substrate includes the raw material of following parts by weight meter：
30-40 parts of peat, 10-15 parts of coating expanded perlite, 6-12 parts of montmorillonite powder, 10-15 parts of plant ash, egg-shell meal
10-15 parts, discarded 4-9 parts of flake asbestos, 10-15 parts of stalk, 4-9 parts of bean dregs, 4-9 parts of potato slag, 3-7 parts of powdered rice hulls, cyclodextrin 2-5
Part, 1-3 parts of sodium cellulose glycolate, 3-7 parts of quick lime and 0.2-0.8 parts of trace element.
Preferably, include the raw material of following parts by weight meter：32-38 parts of peat, 11-14 parts of coating expanded perlite, illiteracy are de-
8-10 parts of mountain flour, 12-14 parts of plant ash, 11-14 parts of egg-shell meal, discarded 5-8 parts of flake asbestos, 11-14 parts of stalk, 5-8 parts of bean dregs,
5-8 parts of potato slag, 4-6 parts of powdered rice hulls, 3-4 parts of cyclodextrin, 1.5-2.5 parts of sodium cellulose glycolate, 4-6 parts of quick lime and micro member
It is 0.4-0.6 parts plain.
Preferably, include the raw material of following parts by weight meter：35 parts of peat, 13 parts of coating expanded perlite, montmorillonite powder 9
Part, 13 parts of plant ash, 13 parts of egg-shell meal, discarded 7 parts of flake asbestos, 13 parts of stalk, 7 parts of bean dregs, 7 parts of potato slag, 5 parts of powdered rice hulls, ring
0.5 part of 3.5 parts of dextrin, 2 parts of sodium cellulose glycolate, 5 parts of quick lime and trace element.
Preferably, the preparation method of the coating expanded perlite is as follows：
(a) expanded perlite is placed in calcining furnace under 350-400 degrees celsius after roasting 4 hours, puts into ball milling
It is ground in machine, crosses 100-150 mesh sieve；
(b) step (a) treated expanded perlite is added in seed-coating machine and is heated to 220-230 degrees Celsius, and be added
Calcium carbonate powder stirs evenly, and obtains mixture；
(c) sprinkling clear water in seed-coating machine one end soaks the mixture of step (b), and epoxy resin powder is sprayed in one end, not
Disconnected stirring 30 minutes to get.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the expanded perlite, calcium carbonate and epoxy resin is 100:5:12.
Preferably, the trace element is Diammonium phosphate (DAP), magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulphate, calcium sulfate, potassium sulfate, chlorination
Iron is according to mass ratio 3:0.7:0.5:0.1:1:2:0.5 mixing composition.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned soilless culture substrate is also disclosed in the present invention specifically to include the following steps：
(1) it is 2-5 millimeters by being crushed to grain diameter in stalk and corncob cellulose feeding pulverizer；
(2) material after being crushed in step (1), bean dregs, potato slag, powdered rice hulls are added in homogenizer and are uniformly mixed,
Organic material is obtained, microorganism fungus kind powder is entered into organic material, continues to be stirred 15-20 minutes；
(3) mixture obtained is added in fermentation vat in step (2), and suitable water is added, after being uniformly mixed, into
Row fermentation, fermentation vat temperature rise to 55-65 degrees Celsius from room temperature, after fermenting 2-3 days, are cooled to room temperature, ferment 15-20 days, hair
Ferment material becomes brown or dark brown, and processing is dried after 2-5 days in natural drying, dry to be less than 5% to water content, crushed
Sieve；
(4) it after being uniformly mixed product obtained in step (3) and surplus stock, is placed in vacuum drying chamber and does
It is dry, moisture is removed, bag distribution packaging is to get the soilless culture substrate.
Preferably, it is to add water to mixture water content in fermentation vat to 40- that suitable water is added in the step (3)
50%.
Preferably, in the step (2) microorganism fungus kind powder dosage be organic material weight 1-3%.
Preferably, the microorganism fungus kind powder is antibiotic bacteria, saccharomycete, bacillus licheniformis, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, actinomyces and withered
Careless bacillus is according to mass ratio 2:5:2:1:1:2 mixing compositions.
Comparative example 1：In addition to coating expanded perlite, egg-shell meal, remaining raw material is same as Example 1 and preparation method and reality
It is identical to apply example 1；
Soilless culture substrate made from soilless culture substrate and comparative example 1 is made respectively with identical side in embodiment 1-5
Method cultivates tamato seed, pepper seed, statistical result such as the following table 1：
Table 1
It can to sum up show that the present invention has the following advantages to draw a conclusion：
(1) soilless culture substrate nutriment of the present invention is abundant, and water imbibition and permeability are excellent, has good water conservation
Property, unharmful substance generates in preparation process, environmentally protective, using domestic refuse as raw material, derives from a wealth of sources, and production cost is low,
Preparation method is simple.
(2) coating expanded perlite is added in the present invention, the fertilizer that epoxy powder enhances expanded perlite locks
Ability and water-retaining property enhance the sustained release phase of active principle in matrix, while there is expanded perlite good gas permeability to improve base
The porosity of matter.
(3) egg-shell meal is added in raw material of the present invention, egg shell main component is calcium carbonate, can adjust the acid in matrix
Basicity, and containing the trace element needed for least a portion of P elements and other agaricus bisporus, it is beneficial to mushroom growth, it improves double
Nutritional ingredient in spore mushroom；
(4) it is added with bean dregs in the present invention, contains abundant oil substances and gal4 amino acid in bean dregs, is plant
Abundant nutrient is provided, plant growth is promoted.
(5) pass through the mating reaction of this component, Ke Yiwei added with peat, expanded perlite, montmorillonite powder in the present invention
Matrix provides good gas permeability and water imbibition, prevents plant root from rotting.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, although with reference to aforementioned reality
Applying example, invention is explained in detail, for those skilled in the art, still can be to aforementioned each implementation
Technical solution recorded in example is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features.All essences in the present invention
With within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention god.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of soilless culture substrate, which is characterized in that include the raw material of following parts by weight meter：30-40 parts of peat, coating expansion
10-15 parts of perlite, 6-12 parts of montmorillonite powder, 10-15 parts of plant ash, 10-15 parts of egg-shell meal, discarded 4-9 parts of flake asbestos, stalk
10-15 parts, 4-9 parts of bean dregs, 4-9 parts of potato slag, 3-7 parts of powdered rice hulls, 2-5 parts of cyclodextrin, 1-3 parts of sodium cellulose glycolate, raw stone
Grey 3-7 parts and 0.2-0.8 parts of trace element.
2. soilless culture substrate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that include the raw material of following parts by weight meter：Peat
32-38 parts, it is 11-14 parts of coating expanded perlite, 8-10 parts of montmorillonite powder, 12-14 parts of plant ash, 11-14 parts of egg-shell meal, discarded
5-8 parts of flake asbestos, 11-14 parts of stalk, 5-8 parts of bean dregs, 5-8 parts of potato slag, 4-6 parts of powdered rice hulls, 3-4 parts of cyclodextrin, methylol are fine
0.4-0.6 parts of plain 1.5-2.5 parts of the sodium of dimension, 4-6 parts of quick lime and trace element.
3. soilless culture substrate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that include the raw material of following parts by weight meter：Peat
35 parts, 13 parts of coating expanded perlite, 9 parts of montmorillonite powder, 13 parts of plant ash, 13 parts of egg-shell meal, discarded 7 parts of flake asbestos, stalk
13 parts, 7 parts of bean dregs, 7 parts of potato slag, 5 parts of powdered rice hulls, 3.5 parts of cyclodextrin, 2 parts of sodium cellulose glycolate, 5 parts of quick lime and micro
0.5 part of element.
4. soilless culture substrate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the preparation method of the coating expanded perlite
It is as follows：
(a) expanded perlite is placed in calcining furnace under 350-400 degrees celsius after roasting 4 hours, is put into ball mill
100-150 mesh sieve is crossed in grinding；
(b) step (a) treated expanded perlite is added in seed-coating machine and is heated to 220-230 degrees Celsius, and carbonic acid is added
Calcium powder stirs evenly, and obtains mixture；
(c) sprinkling clear water in seed-coating machine one end soaks the mixture of step (b), and epoxy resin powder is sprayed in one end, and constantly stirs
Mix 30 minutes to get.
5. soilless culture substrate according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the expanded perlite, calcium carbonate and epoxy
The mass ratio of resin is 100:5:12.
6. soilless culture substrate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the trace element is Diammonium phosphate (DAP), sulfuric acid
Magnesium, zinc sulfate, copper sulphate, calcium sulfate, potassium sulfate, iron chloride are according to mass ratio 3:0.7:0.5:0.1:1:2:0.5 mixing composition.
7. a kind of preparation method of soilless culture substrate as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized in that including following
Step：
(1) it is 2-5 millimeters by being crushed to grain diameter in stalk and corncob cellulose feeding pulverizer；
(2) material after being crushed in step (1), bean dregs, potato slag, powdered rice hulls are added in homogenizer and are uniformly mixed, must had
Machine material enters microorganism fungus kind powder into organic material, continues to be stirred 15-20 minutes；
(3) mixture obtained is added in fermentation vat in step (2), and suitable water is added, after being uniformly mixed, is sent out
Ferment, fermentation vat temperature rise to 55-65 degrees Celsius from room temperature, after fermenting 2-3 days, are cooled to room temperature, ferment 15-20 days, fermentation material
Become brown or dark brown, processing is dried after 2-5 days in natural drying, dry to be less than 5% to water content, pulverizes and sieves；
(4) after being uniformly mixed product obtained in step (3) and surplus stock, it is placed in drying in vacuum drying chamber, is taken off
Moisture removal, bag distribution packaging is to get the soilless culture substrate.
8. the preparation method of soilless culture substrate according to claim 7, which is characterized in that be added in the step (3)
Suitable water is to add water to mixture water content in fermentation vat to 40-50%.
9. the preparation method of soilless culture substrate according to claim 7, which is characterized in that micro- life in the step (2)
The dosage of object strain powder is the 1-3% of organic material weight.
10. the preparation method of soilless culture substrate according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the microorganism fungus kind powder
It is antibiotic bacteria, saccharomycete, bacillus licheniformis, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, actinomyces and bacillus subtilis according to mass ratio 2:5:2:1:1:2
Mixing composition.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108703015A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2018-10-26 | 安徽农耕年华农业发展有限公司 | A kind of mushroom culture medium matter and preparation method thereof |
| CN109463257A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-15 | 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 | Matrix and application method for superelevation height above sea level nature exposed hill revegetation |
| CN109769641A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-05-21 | 陈传安 | A kind of processing method of seedling edible fungi residue matrix |
| CN111587762A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-28 | 永清县兴晟农业服务有限公司 | Environment-friendly vegetable seedling culture substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN115191315A (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2022-10-18 | 福建省农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所 | Soilless culture substrate for golden passion fruit and preparation method thereof |
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2018
- 2018-06-14 CN CN201810610779.7A patent/CN108424193A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108703015A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2018-10-26 | 安徽农耕年华农业发展有限公司 | A kind of mushroom culture medium matter and preparation method thereof |
| CN109463257A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-15 | 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 | Matrix and application method for superelevation height above sea level nature exposed hill revegetation |
| CN109769641A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-05-21 | 陈传安 | A kind of processing method of seedling edible fungi residue matrix |
| CN111587762A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-28 | 永清县兴晟农业服务有限公司 | Environment-friendly vegetable seedling culture substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN115191315A (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2022-10-18 | 福建省农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所 | Soilless culture substrate for golden passion fruit and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20180821 |