CN107823286A - 粘委陵菜提取物及其应用 - Google Patents
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- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/73—Rosaceae (Rose family), e.g. strawberry, chokeberry, blackberry, pear or firethorn
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
- A61K2236/331—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones using water, e.g. cold water, infusion, tea, steam distillation, decoction
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
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- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
- A61K2236/333—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones using mixed solvents, e.g. 70% EtOH
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
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- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/39—Complex extraction schemes, e.g. fractionation or repeated extraction steps
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Alternative & Traditional Medicine (AREA)
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- Microbiology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种粘委陵菜提取物及其应用。所述提取物为粘委陵菜的水提取物、30‑100%乙醇提取物或30‑100%甲醇提取物。该提取物对高脂饲料诱导的脂肪肝及肝损伤具有显著改善作用,同时对血糖有明显的降低作用,说明治疗糖尿病效果显著,目前还没有粘委陵菜对脂肪肝以及糖尿病的治疗效果相关的报道。实验数据显示,本发明粘委陵菜提取物的降糖效果和二甲双胍相比,尽管只是提取物,高剂量组要强于二甲双胍组,显示出良好的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及粘委陵菜提取物,尤其涉及粘委陵菜的水、甲醇或乙醇提取物以及其在预防和/或治疗肝损伤及糖尿病中的应用。
背景技术
肝损伤是多种肝脏疾病共有的一种特点突出的病理状态,严重威胁着人类健康。各种有害因素诸如药物、病毒、酒精、生物等可能致使肝功能有不同程度的损害。各种有害因素导致的肝损伤主要有药物性肝损伤、病毒性肝损伤、酒精性肝损伤、免疫性肝损伤等类型,肝损伤的长期存在往往会导致肝纤维化,是进而诱发肝硬化,肝功能衰竭,甚至肝癌的重要始动因素。因此预防和治疗肝细胞损伤是临床上肝病治疗的重要环节之一,是抑制肝纤维化、肝坏死、脂肪肝、胆汁郁积、肝硬化以及肝癌等疾病发生和发展的基础。
随着人们生活水平的日益提高,高热量高脂肪饮食在人们饮食结构中所占的比例也明显升高,一些地区人口的脂肪供能比例已经达到30%以上,肝病尤其是脂肪肝的发生率逐年上升。中国成年人中,患脂肪肝人数达12.5-35.4%,脂肪肝已成为中国,甚至是全球的第一大肝病,而且仍然呈现逐年增长的趋势,是严重威胁人类健康的疾病之一。根据脂肪肝患者日饮酒量是否高于20g,可将脂肪肝分为两类,其中一类为酒精性脂肪肝(AFLD),另一类为非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)。
脂肪肝属于慢性代谢性疾病,有可能需要长时间的用药,临床上现在使用的药物或者副作用强,或者疗效不理想,因此现在临床上对疗效明确、副作用低的预防和治疗脂肪肝药物的需求十分强烈。故副作用少且可针对多靶点、多途径的传统药物可能会为治疗带来新的契机。
肝脏作为人体中代谢脂肪的主要场所,在脂肪的代谢,运输等方面均扮演着不可取代的角色。血液中游离的脂肪酸能够被肝脏吸收,在肝脏内,游离脂肪酸进一步被合成甘油三酯,随后TG与VLDL结合,进而运送出肝脏。一旦肝细胞合成或转运脂肪的能力衰退,就会造成脂滴大量积聚在肝细胞中,肝细胞中积聚的脂质多为中性脂肪,即甘油三酯和胆固醇。在光学显微镜下对肝脏的病理切片进行观察,若发生脂肪变的肝细胞已经超过5%以上,即可根据病理切片诊断为脂肪肝。不良的生活方式是导致脂肪肝的最主要原因。不良的饮食习惯,三餐时间不规律,少吃或不吃,暴饮暴食等习惯都会导致皮下和肝脏内脂肪的过度积蓄;而现代生活久坐少动、缺少体育运动,人们通过自身消耗的能量过少,这进一步加剧了脂肪的储存。目前认为多种因素都可能导致脂肪肝的发生或发展,如胰岛素抵抗性、脂质的紊乱代谢、炎症和氧自由基等。有代谢性疾病(高脂血症,糖尿病等)家族史者,更容易发生脂肪肝。
因此,如果某个传统医药既能够治疗脂肪肝,也能够治疗相关的诸如糖尿病之类的代谢性疾病,发挥多靶点、多成分的优势,将会对脂肪肝的治疗起到事半功倍的效果。
发明内容
鉴于上述现有技术中存在的问题,本发明的目的是提供一种天然药用植物来源的用于预防和/或治疗肝损伤、脂肪肝及糖尿病的制剂。所述制剂来源于粘委陵菜,对脂肪肝以及糖尿病均有良好的治疗效果,副作用少,可长期服用。
本发明的技术方案如下:
一种用于预防和/或治疗肝损伤及糖尿病的粘委陵菜(Potentilla viscosa)提取物,所述提取物为粘委陵菜的水提取物、30-100%乙醇提取物或30-100%甲醇提取物。
优选地,在上述技术方案中,所述的粘委陵菜的水提取物由以下方法制备:加入粘委陵菜重量的3-5倍量的水,将粘委陵菜在室温浸泡0.5~12小时,在60-120℃下回流提取2-3次,每次1-3小时,合并提取液,将其浓缩至含水量10-60%,得粘委陵菜的水提取物,其中,回流提取温度优选为60-80℃,浓缩温度低于50℃。所述粘委陵菜的水提取物,还可以采用如下方法制备得到,具体为:将粘委陵菜装入药袋,放入蒸馏水中浸泡0.5-3h,然后将药袋放入煎药锅内,加蒸馏水至浸没,在提取温度为40-100℃、压力200-4000Pa下,煎煮提取2次,每次0.5-2小时,收集提取液后在40-100℃下浓缩至含水量10-60%,其中提取温度优选为60-80℃,提取压力优选为500-1000Pa,浓缩温度低于50℃。
优选地,在上述技术方案中,所述的粘委陵菜的30-100%乙醇提取物由以下方法制备:将粘委陵菜用其3-5倍重量的30-100%乙醇,在40-90℃下回流提取2-3次,每次1-3小时,合并提取液,浓缩得粘委陵菜的30-100%乙醇提取物。其中,所述用于提取的乙醇优选为40-60%乙醇,更优选55%的乙醇。
优选地,在上述技术方案中,所述的粘委陵菜的30-100%甲醇提取物由以下方法制备:将粘委陵菜用其3-5倍重量的30-100%甲醇,在40-90℃下回流提取2-3次,每次1-3小时,合并提取液,浓缩得粘委陵菜的30-100%甲醇提取物。其中,所述用于提取的甲醇优选为40-60%乙醇,更优选55%的甲醇。
在上述技术方案中,所述的粘委陵菜是指粘委陵菜植物的地上部分,提取之前干燥至含水量1-15%,切成小块,大小优选为0.5-2cm。
本发明还提供含上述的粘委陵菜提取物的制剂,该制剂由所述粘委陵菜提取物和药学上可接受的辅料组成。其中,所述的药学上可接受的辅料选自稀释剂、粘合剂、崩解剂、表面活性剂、包衣材料、胶囊材料和成膜材料中的至少一种。
本发明还提供上述的粘委陵菜提取物在制备预防和/或治疗肝损伤及糖尿病制剂中的应用。其中,所述的肝损伤是药物性肝损伤、病毒性肝损伤、酒精性肝损伤或免疫性肝损伤。优选地,所述的肝损伤为脂肪肝,优选为非酒精性脂肪肝及酒精性脂肪肝。
本发明的有益效果:
(1)本发明提供一种粘委陵菜提取物,该提取物对高脂饲料诱导的脂肪肝及肝损伤具有显著改善作用,该提取物同时对血糖有明显的降低作用,说明治疗糖尿病效果显著,目前还没有粘委陵菜对脂肪肝以及糖尿病的治疗效果相关的报道。
(2)粘委陵菜民间主要以根入药,主要治疗痢疾,风湿筋骨疼痛等,对于其地上部分很少入药,对于其药效学研究也罕见。本申请采用粘委陵菜的地上部分为原料,用水、或30~100%甲醇或乙醇提取,制备得到粘委陵菜提取物,该提取物对脂肪肝以及糖尿病具有很好的治疗效果。
(3)实验数据显示,本发明粘委陵菜提取物的降糖效果和二甲双胍相比,尽管只是提取物,高剂量组要强于二甲双胍组,显示出良好的应用前景。
附图说明
图1表示各组小鼠肝脏冰冻切片的H&E染色结果。
图2表示各组小鼠肝脏组织中AMPK、ACC、pAMPK、pACC蛋白表达。
图3表示各组小鼠肝脏组织中PPARα、CD36、FAS、SREBP1c、SCD1、CNP基因的表达。
具体实施方式
下述非限制性实施例可以使本领域的普通技术人员更全面地理解本发明,但不以任何方式限制本发明。下述实施例中,如无特殊说明,所使用的实验方法均为常规方法,所用材料、试剂等均可从化学公司购买。
下面实施例中使用的材料:
粘委陵菜(Potentilla viscosa)采集于吉林省延边州,将其地上部分,风干或晒干,干燥至含水量10%,备用。
实验动物:无特定病原体(Specific pathogen Free,SPF)级4周龄健康雄性ICR小鼠。
动物高脂饲料配比:饲料均购自中国科学院上海斯莱克实验动物中心。
Con饲料配方(10%Kcal饲料)
原料 | g | Kcal |
酪蛋白 | 200 | 800 |
玉米淀粉 | 150 | 600 |
蔗糖 | 500 | 2000 |
葡萄糖 | 0 | 0 |
纤维素 | 50 | 0 |
大豆油 | 0 | 0 |
猪油 | 50 | 450 |
矿物掺合料 | 35 | 0 |
维生素混合物 | 10 | 40 |
TBHQ | 0 | 0 |
DL-蛋氨酸 | 3 | 12 |
L-cysitine | 0 | 0 |
酒石酸氢胆碱 | 2.0 | 0 |
1,000 | 3,902 |
45kcal高脂饲料配方
原料 | g | Kcal |
酪蛋白 | 200 | 800 |
玉米淀粉 | 115.036 | 620 |
蔗糖 | 50 | 200 |
葡萄糖 | 132 | 528 |
纤维素 | 50 | 0 |
大豆油 | 25 | 225 |
猪油 | 175 | 1575 |
矿物掺合料 | 35 | 0 |
维生素混合物 | 10 | 40 |
TBHQ | 0.014 | 0 |
L-cysitine | 3 | 12 |
酒石酸氢胆碱 | 2.5 | 0 |
837.6 | 4,000 |
试剂:二甲双胍(美国Sigma公司);TCH总胆固醇测定试剂盒(酶偶联比色法/单试剂型,浙江东瓯公司);甘油三酯(TG)测定试剂盒(单试剂GPO-PAP法,南京建成公司);丙氨酸氨基转移酶测试盒(谷丙转氨酶/ALT/GPT,南京建成公司);天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶测试盒(谷草转氨酶/AST/GOT,南京建成公司);EASY-BLUE总RNA提取试剂盒(韩国IntronBiotechnology公司);蛋白A(Protein Assay Reagent A)、蛋白B(Protein Assay ReagentB)和蛋白S(Protein Assay Reagent S)为美国Bio-Rad公司产品;Pro-Prep蛋白质提取试剂盒、ECL试剂盒均为韩国Intron Biotechnology公司产品。
实施例1
粘委陵菜水提取物的制备:
将2000g干燥粘委陵菜地上部分切成小块装入药袋,放入蒸馏水中浸泡1h,然后将药袋放入煎药锅内,加蒸馏水至浸没,对称拧紧盖,打开开关,调温度为90℃,关闭所有阀门,在压力2000Pa下、煎煮60min。依法提取2-3次,结束后合并药液,脱脂棉过滤后用旋转蒸发仪80℃、转速75r/min下进行浓缩,得药液1500mL,再用小型旋蒸仪浓缩药液至浸膏状,烘箱80℃干燥3h,得388g粘委陵菜水提取物。
实施例2
1.ICR脂肪肝小鼠模型建立与给药:
50只4周龄雄性ICR小鼠(18~20g),自由饮食,适应环境一周后,随机分成五组,每组10只,分别为正常对照组(Control,CON)、模型组(High fatdiet,HF)、粘萎陵菜水提物高剂量组(800mg/kg,HFH)、粘萎陵菜水提物低剂量组(400mg/kg,HFL)、阳性对照组(300mg/kg二甲双胍,MET)。正常对照组用10%kcal饲料喂养,其他组用45%kcal高脂饲料喂养共12周,最后3周小鼠灌胃给药,一天一次,即,正常对照组和模型组小鼠灌胃10%聚乙二醇溶液,其他组小鼠灌胃相应剂量的药物,药物溶解在10%聚乙二醇溶液中。
2.小鼠血清中指标的测定
(1)按照上述步骤1,饲养及给药12周后,小鼠禁食12小时,测量小鼠血糖后,腹腔注射动物麻醉剂(Zoletil 50)麻醉,待小鼠完全麻醉后,用心脏穿刺法取全血。取得的血浆,在4℃下3000rpm离心15min,离心两次,取离心后上清液即为血清,于-80℃保存。
(2)取制备完成的血清,按照试剂盒的操作说明分别测定TG(甘油三酯),TC(总胆固醇),AST(谷草转氨酶)ALT(谷丙转氨酶)含量,测定结果如表1。
表1.粘委陵菜水提物对血糖、TG、TC、AST水平的影响
在表1中,与正常对照组(CON组)相比,**表示p<0.01,***表示p<0.001;与模型组(HF组)相比,##表示p<0.01,###表示p<0.001。
其中,TG(甘油三酯)、TC(总胆固醇),AST(谷草转氨酶)是临床中诊断脂肪肝常用的指标。
实验结果表明:
(1)与正常对照组小鼠相比较,模型组小鼠的血糖、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、谷草转氨酶水平显著增加(如表1所示,分别为p<0.001,p<0.001,p<0.01,p<0.01);说明造模成功,实验结果可信。
(2)与模型组小鼠相比较,粘委陵菜高剂量和低剂量给药组的甘油三酯的水平浓度依赖性显著降低了49.8%(p<0.01)和28.9%(p<0.01)、总胆固醇的水平浓度依赖性降低了20.5%(p<0.05)和7.0%、AST水平显著降低了25.2%(p<0.05)和19.6%(p<0.01)。说明粘委陵菜对血液中TG、TC、AST具有明显降低作用。
(3)与模型组小鼠血糖相比较,粘委陵菜高剂量和低剂量给药组的血糖浓度依赖性显著降低了30.0%和13.4%(p<0.001,p<0.01),说明粘委陵菜对血糖有明显降低作用。同时,经计算,高剂量组要强于阳性对照组(二甲双胍组),出现统计学上的显著性差异(p<0.05)。
3.小鼠肝脏病理组织形态学观察
(1)按照上述步骤1,饲养及给药12周后,小鼠禁食12小时,腹腔注射麻醉剂(Zoletil 50),完全麻醉、解剖后,采集肝脏,即刻放入液氮中,再放于-80℃保存。
(2)小鼠肝脏冰冻切片:在模具上放入少量OCT,将各组肝脏组织调整到便于切片的位置,平放于模具中,再适量加OCT包埋剂浸没组织,将模具放入恒冷切片机中冰冻成块。冰冻完成后置于恒冷切片机冰冻切片,冰冻切片厚度为5μm。冰冻切片附贴于载玻片后,立即放入恒冷箱中保存。
(3)冰冻切片HE染色
肝脏组织切片放入乙醚/乙醇(1:1)固定液中固定1min,水洗30s后,用苏木素精染色1min,水洗5min,伊红染色3min,水洗5min,依次用梯度酒精(70%、80%、90%、95%)脱水,二甲苯透明,中性树胶封片。显微镜下观察组织形态并拍照,冰冻切片的HE染色结果如图1。图1中可以看出,正常组小鼠肝脏无明显脂肪存在;与CON小鼠肝脏组织相比较,HF组小鼠肝脏组织脂滴(照片中白色点状物)非常多;与HF组小鼠肝脏组织相比较,HFH、HFL、MET组小鼠肝脏组织脂滴含量有不同程度的减少;并且HFH组小鼠肝脏组织中的脂滴少于HFL组、与MET组无明显差异。说明,粘委陵菜水提物对高脂饲料诱导的脂肪肝及肝损伤具有显著改善作用。
实施例3
粘委陵菜水提取物对小鼠肝脏中相关蛋白质和基因表达的影响:
(1)按照实施例2中步骤1的方法,饲养及给药12周后,小鼠禁食12小时,腹腔注射麻醉剂(Zoletil 50),完全麻醉、解剖后,采集肝脏,即刻放入液氮中,再放于-80℃保存。
(2)取适宜大小组织块,各分为两组,一组按照Pro-Prep蛋白质提取试剂盒的操作说明,提取各组肝脏组织中的总蛋白,用于测定相关蛋白质的表达;另一组的组织利用EASY-BLUE总RNA提取试剂盒的操作说明,提取得到总RNA,用于测定相关基因的表达。
(3)对于步骤(2)的提取得到的各组肝脏组织中的总蛋白,采用BCA法测定总蛋白浓度,进行不同程度稀释,以使各样品浓度一致。分别向稀释后各样品中加入上样缓冲液,100℃反应1min,冷却至室温上样,Western Blot法(免疫印记法)分离蛋白,其中,分离胶为10%SDS-PAGE,每孔的上样量为40μL、蛋白总量为100μg,在100v恒压下进行电泳。电泳结束后转膜至PVDF膜,用相应的抗体测定各蛋白的表达量,测定蛋白为:AMPK、ACC、pAMPK、pACC,β-actin作为内部参照。结果如图2,其中图2A为显示蛋白表达量的电泳结果照片,图2B为图2A中蛋白表达量的定量分析结果,其中,与模型组相比较,***表示p<0.001,出现了极其显著的统计学差异。结果显示,与正常组相比较,模型组的AMPK、及ACC的磷酸化程度出现了显著性差异(p<0.001,p<0.001),说明造模成功,结果可信;与模型组相比较,粘委陵菜高、低剂量给药组AMPK及ACC的磷酸化程度分别呈浓度依赖性显著增加,分别呈现极其显著的统计学差异,表明粘委陵菜水提物对AMPK和ACC均有显著性的激活作用。腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(AMP-activated protein kinase,AMPK)是一种重要的代谢应激蛋白激酶,在调节肌体能量代谢的平衡方面起着关键作用。当它被激活后,可通过脂肪酸氧化以及介导脂肪因子等方式调节能量代谢,并且减少胆固醇和TG的产生。乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(Acety-coAcarboxylase,ACC)是与脂质代谢有关的重要酶蛋白之一,ACC也是AMPK的重要下游靶分子。图2结果进一步表明,粘委陵菜水提物在肝脏抑制脂肪积蓄的作用与其能够激活AMPK,ACC信号途径有关。
(4)对于步骤(2)提取得到的各组肝脏组织中的总RNA,采用聚合链式反应(RT-PCR),观察肝脏肌组织中PPARα、CD36、FAS、SREBP1c、SCD1、CNP等基因的mRNA的表达,表2为各基因的引物信息,各组肝脏组织中所述基因的表达如图3。
表2.PCR引物序列
PCR扩增反应,扩增反应条件:95℃预变性5min;开始循环:95℃变性30s,60℃(SREBP1c,FAS,SCD1)或55℃(PPARα,CD36)退火1min,72℃延伸2min,重复30个循环;最后72℃延伸10min。以actin作为内参照。
AMPK通过胆固醇调节原件结合蛋白(SREBP)信号通路调节脂肪酸和胆固醇代谢的作用。SREBPs是一类位于内质网上的膜连接蛋白,其中SREBP1主要调节与脂肪酸代谢和糖代谢相关的酶,是参与脂肪合成基因的主要转录调节因子。SREBP1在肝组织中直接参与调控有关脂肪酸、TG合成相关酶基因的表达,可以调控脂肪酸合成中的重要酶-脂肪酸合酶(FAS)和硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶1(SCD1)等。图3A、3C为所述基因的PCR产物电泳结果照片,图3B、3D为图3A、3C中所述基因mRNA表达量的定量分析结果。从图中可见,与正常对照组相比较,模型组小鼠肝脏组织中SREBP1α、FAS、SCD1基因表达分别显著提高(p<0.001),说明造模成功,结果可信;与模型组相比较,粘委陵菜低剂量给药组的SREBP1α、FAS出现了显著性降低(***p<0.001,*p<0.05),粘委陵菜高剂量给药组小鼠肝脏中SREBP1α、FAS、SCD1等与脂肪合成有关的基因表达都呈现了显著降低,都出现了极其显著的统计学差异。对于PPARα和CD36,它们是与脂肪分解有关的关键转录因子,本实验结果中,与正常对照组相比较,模型组小鼠肝脏组织中PPARα和CD36基因表达分别呈现了显著性降低,分别出现了极其显著的统计学差异;与模型组相比较,粘委陵菜给药高、低剂量组小鼠肝脏组织中PPARα和CD36基因表达分别显著增加,分别出现了极其显著的统计学差异。综上所述,粘委陵菜水提物具有改善由高脂饲料诱导的脂肪肝作用,其分子机制可能是通过调节与脂质代谢相关的蛋白质和基因表达。
Claims (10)
1.一种用于预防和/或治疗肝损伤及糖尿病的粘委陵菜提取物,其特征在于,所述提取物为粘委陵菜的水提取物、30-100%乙醇提取物或30-100%甲醇提取物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的粘委陵菜提取物,其特征在于,所述的粘委陵菜的水提取物由以下方法制备:加入粘委陵菜重量的3-5倍量的水,将粘委陵菜在室温浸泡0.5~12小时,在60-120℃下回流提取2-3次,每次1-3小时,合并提取液,将其浓缩至含水量10-60%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的粘委陵菜提取物,其特征在于,所述的粘委陵菜的水提取物由以下方法制备:将粘委陵菜用蒸馏水中浸泡0.5-3小时,在提取温度为40-100℃、压力200-4000Pa下,煎煮提取2次,每次0.5-2小时,合并提取液,将其浓缩至含水量10-60%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的粘委陵菜提取物,其特征在于,所述的粘委陵菜的30-100%乙醇提取物由以下方法制备:将粘委陵菜用其3-5倍重量的30-100%乙醇,在40-90℃下回流提取2-3次,每次1-3小时,合并提取液,浓缩。
5.根据权利要求1所述的粘委陵菜提取物,其特征在于,所述的粘委陵菜的30-100%甲醇提取物由以下方法制备:将粘委陵菜用其3-5倍重量的30-100%甲醇,在40-90℃下回流提取2-3次,每次1-3小时,合并提取液,浓缩。
6.含权利要求1~5的任一项所述的粘委陵菜提取物的制剂,其特征在于,该制剂由所述粘委陵菜提取物和药学上可接受的辅料组成。
7.根据权利要求6所述的制剂,其特征在于,所述的药学上可接受的辅料选自稀释剂、粘合剂、崩解剂、表面活性剂、包衣材料、胶囊材料和成膜材料中的至少一种。
8.权利要求1~5的任一项所述的粘委陵菜提取物在制备预防和/或治疗肝损伤及糖尿病制剂中的应用。
9.根据权利要求8所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的肝损伤是药物性肝损伤、病毒性肝损伤、酒精性肝损伤或免疫性肝损伤。
10.根据权利要求8所述的应用,其特征在于,所述肝损伤为非酒精性脂肪肝及酒精性脂肪肝。
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