CN107810771A - Make the cultural method of watermelon during a kind of heliogreenhouse sweet cherry treelet - Google Patents
Make the cultural method of watermelon during a kind of heliogreenhouse sweet cherry treelet Download PDFInfo
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- CN107810771A CN107810771A CN201711222731.0A CN201711222731A CN107810771A CN 107810771 A CN107810771 A CN 107810771A CN 201711222731 A CN201711222731 A CN 201711222731A CN 107810771 A CN107810771 A CN 107810771A
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- 235000010401 Prunus avium Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 235000012828 Citrullus lanatus var citroides Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 244000241235 Citrullus lanatus Species 0.000 title 1
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- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4,6-bis(cyanoamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CNC1=NC(NC#N)=NC(NC#N)=N1 FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 241001290151 Prunus avium subsp. avium Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019693 cherries Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013039 cover film Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
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- 235000006040 Prunus persica var persica Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000576 supplementary effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000241257 Cucumis melo Species 0.000 claims 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 241000219112 Cucumis Species 0.000 description 12
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011046 carnelian Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 3
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- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
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- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009342 intercropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009343 monoculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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- 230000036301 sexual development Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protection of plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to the cultural method for making watermelon during a kind of heliogreenhouse sweet cherry treelet, belong to heliogreenhouse crop interplanting technical field of cultivation, the invention provides a kind of heliogreenhouse sweet cherry treelet in the ranks between make the method for watermelon, management is simple, Economization on land, make full use of luminous energy, high financial profit.Make the cultural method of watermelon during heliogreenhouse sweet cherry treelet, specifically comprise the following steps：The plantation of heliogreenhouse sweet cherry and watermelon；The rich water quality management of heliogreenhouse sweet cherry and watermelon；Heliogreenhouse sweet cherry is tree-like and watermelon calyculate management；The temperature treatment of the button canopy of heliogreenhouse sweet cherry and watermelon；The pollination of watermelon in sunlight greenhouse；The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control of heliogreenhouse sweet cherry and watermelon；The present invention sweet cherry treelet in the ranks between make watermelon and can make full use of the facility space of heliogreenhouse；Improve the economic benefit of sweet cherry heliogreenhouse treelet phase；Land utilization ratio is improved, makes full use of luminous energy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultural method for making watermelon during a kind of heliogreenhouse sweet cherry treelet, belong to heliogreenhouse crop
Intercropping cultivation technology field.
Background technology
Sweet cherry category rose family Prunus cherry subgenus, 6~12g of single fruit weight are maximum up to more than 15g.Sweet cherry not only has
There are very high nutritive value and health value, and the maturity period is very early, is known as the good reputation of " fruit of early spring first ", in addition, sweet cherry
It is real green fruit without agricultural chemicals or seldom medication, therefore cultivation benefit is far above in general fruit tree and crops, if
Facility cultivation benefit is higher.
Sweet cherry can not only be listed ahead of time by Cultivation in Greenhouse, additionally it is possible to avoid the harm of early spring late frost, winter from freezing
The problems such as evil, maturity period dehiscent fruit, substantially increase the income of orchard worker.But heliogreenhouse sweet cherry is mostly monoculture pattern,
This pattern the first three years do not have economic benefit substantially, and there is the problem of soil and luminous energy waste.Resolve heliogreenhouse
The problem of sweet cherry economic benefit early stage, shorten the investment repayment phase of heliogreenhouse sweet cherry, be when heliogreenhouse sweet cherry is held
The premise of continuous sexual development.
Between make to refer to and plant different types of crops according to different proportion on same soil, be a kind of sky with group
Between structural principle make full use of luminous energy, room and time resource improve crop yield planting patterns, in recent years crop field make
Oneself is widely used on thing.It is small for greenhouse sweet cherry treelet phase tree crown, ground can utilize space it is more the characteristics of, can be between in the ranks
Make the emergency crops such as grass poison or vegetables, obtain the economic benefit of early stage as early as possible.
The content of the invention
For solve prior art existing for technical problem, the invention provides a kind of sweet cherry treelet in the ranks between make west
Melon, management method is simple, Economization on land, makes full use of luminous energy, makees west during the heliogreenhouse sweet cherry treelet of high financial profit
The cultural method of melon.
To achieve the above object, west is made during the technical solution adopted in the present invention is a kind of heliogreenhouse sweet cherry treelet
The cultural method of melon, this method comprise the following steps,
First, fine variety production：Sweet cherry variety need to typically be configured and awarded from ripe early, best in quality, high yield, the kind of resistance
Powder tree.Seedling is transplanted from good, the healthy sturdy seedlings of root system；Variety of watermelon tolerance to low temperature and weak light, disease-resistant, high-quality, business
The good kind of moral character；
2nd, planting system and time：Sweet cherry is transplanted by the way of digging pit or ditching in spring, and the bottom of by before plant
Fertilizer uses sufficient；Watermelon using by the seedling of cultivation, in sweet cherry tree, in the ranks transplant by north-south, and after spring starts to warm up, when in canopy
Temperature rises to more than 15 DEG C, and ground temperature is transplanted more than 7 DEG C；
3rd, rich water quality management：Base fertilizer is used sufficient before field planting, sweet cherry tree growth period can suitably impose composite fertilizer, multielement micro-fertilizer, amino acid
Class foliar fertilizer etc., but can properly increase the ratio of nitrogen early stage in growth, Later growth reduces the usage amount of nitrogen and increases phosphorus potash fertilizer
Ratio；Watermelon combines watering after bearing fruit can impose composite fertilizer；To pour permeable after plant, be poured again once after 7~10 days, sweet tea cherry
Promotion sapling up-growth is fully irrigated before peach August, expands tree crown, suitably to control water after August promotes branch to enrich, watermelon watering
Using irrigation under film, watering principle is accomplished " wet without flood, to do without drought "；
4th, tree-like management：Sweet cherry is tree-like using spindle, focuses on winter pruning and summer pruning combines, summer pruning is main
Including drawing branch, quarter bud, turning round the methods of tip to promote tree-like formation early and promote flower_bud formation；The management of watermelon calyculate can use
Common field paving is climing, can also use and hang climing management, is lifted melon is climing with rope, wait melon length to during 1kg or so with mesh bag by melon
Sling, and 8~10 leaf pinching are stayed on knot melon position；
5th, temperature treatment：When detaining canopy management, start cover film and cotton-wadded quilt when less than 0 DEG C low temperature of extraneous appearance for the first time, and
Taken off by lid night in daytime and be maintained at 0~7 DEG C, 0~7 is maintained at as starting point by 7.2 DEG C of date so that autumn mean daily temperature is stable
DEG C time reach 600 hours after start to warm up management；Heating raised 3 DEG C using slow heating mode every 3 days, not more than
28 DEG C are crossed, has been harvested and has been aerated exercise when ambient temperature is progressively close with warm indoor temperature and removes canopy film；
6th, supple-mentary pollination：Beehive is put into canopy room in watermelon the last week of blooming, or carries out artificial pollination；
7th, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Sweet cherry mainly prevents and treats chafer, boat-shaped caterpillar, pear flower lace bug, red spider etc., and watermelon wants emphasis
Prevent and treat droop, powdery mildew etc..
Preferable harvesting high-quality high-yield sweet cherry variety is the kinds such as U.S. morning, carnelian, Sa meter Tuo, the plant of the sweet cherry
Density is 1.5 meters × 3 meters of seeding row spacing, and when being transplanted by the way of digging pit or ditching, the depth and width of hole and ditch are
80cm。
Rich No. 4 excellent of variety of watermelon agriculture of preferable resistance quality, dual anti-No. 8 etc., the watermelon is among sweet cherry tree
Plant 2 rows, line width 60cm, the wide 50cm of strain, overlay film and watered in time after cultivation.
Preferable harvesting high-quality high-yield sweet cherry variety is the kinds such as U.S. morning, carnelian, Sa meter Tuo, the treelet phase of the sweet cherry
For first 3 years to plant trees.
Rich No. 4 excellent of variety of watermelon agriculture of preferable resistance quality, dual anti-No. 8 etc., the watermelon floor space is daylight
The 1/3~2/3 of the greenhouse gross area.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following technique effect：The present invention is based on crop plant type architectural feature, work
Thing, environment interaction effect, optimization Spacing form, agricultural ecological landscape, the sustainable Advanced Idea of green ecological, embody " section
Learn, be ecological, highly efficient and productive " modern agricultural production feature, have simple to operate, strong applicability, Economic and ecological effects high, easily
In receive, positive effect the features such as.Using heliogreenhouse sweet cherry treelet in the ranks between make watermelon, do not interfere with sweet tea in greenhouse
The ventilation of cherry treelet and printing opacity, and the effect sheltered from heat or light can be played to watermelon, while sweet cherry growth is not influenceed, improve
The yield and quality of watermelon；And management method is simple, saves soil, can make full use of luminous energy；Two kinds of crop interplantings simultaneously
Method, caused by avoiding the single absorption under the long-term continuous cropping of monocrop to nutrient in soil nutrient lack, be advantageous to soil
Earth ecological functions are recovered.
Embodiment
In order that technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved are more clearly understood, tie below
Embodiment is closed, the present invention will be described in further detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only solving
The present invention is released, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Make the cultural method of watermelon during a kind of heliogreenhouse sweet cherry treelet, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps：
（1）The plantation of heliogreenhouse sweet cherry and watermelon
Heliogreenhouse sweet cherry is that preferable harvesting high-quality high-yield sweet cherry variety is the kinds such as U.S. morning, carnelian, Sa meter Tuo.Seedling selects
Transplanted with good, the healthy sturdy seedlings of root system.The treelet phase of sweet cherry is mainly first 3 years, and planting density is seeding row spacing
1.5 meters × 3 meters.Dig pit or ditch during plant, it is respectively 80cm to dig pit as deep, width, is such as ditched, then ditch depth 80cm, furrow width 80cm.Plant
The time is planted to transplant for spring.Base fertilizer is used sufficient before plant.
Make watermelon between heliogreenhouse as the excellent variety of watermelon agriculture rich No. 4, dual anti-No. 8 etc. of preferable resistance quality.Plant
Mode：Transplanted from the seedling north-south of cultivation, plant 2 rows among cherry tree, line width 60cm, the wide 50cm of strain, overlay film is simultaneously after cultivation
Watering in time.Transplant the time：After spring starts to warm up, when temperature of shed rises to more than 15 DEG C, more than 7 DEG C, watermelon accounts for ground temperature
Ground area is the 1/3~2/3 of the heliogreenhouse gross area.
（2）The rich water quality management of heliogreenhouse sweet cherry and watermelon：
Fertilising：Base fertilizer is used sufficient before field planting.Cherry tree growth period can suitably impose composite fertilizer, multielement micro-fertilizer, amino acids foliar fertilizer
Deng, but can properly increase the ratio of nitrogen early stage in growth, Later growth reduces the usage amount of nitrogen and increases the ratio of phosphorus potash fertilizer.West
Melon combines watering after bearing fruit can impose composite fertilizer.
Irrigate：To pour permeable after cultivation, be poured again once after 7~10 days.Fully to be irrigated before cherry tree August and promote treelet life
It is long, expand tree crown, suitably to control water after August promotes branch to enrich.Watermelon watering is accomplished preferably with irrigation under film, watering principle
" wet without flood, to do without drought ".
（3）Heliogreenhouse sweet cherry is tree-like and watermelon calyculate management：
Heliogreenhouse sweet cherry is tree-like using spindle, focuses on winter pruning and summer pruning combines, summer pruning mainly includes
Branch is drawn, bud is carved, turns round the processing such as tip to promote tree-like formation early and promote flower_bud formation.
It is climing that the management of watermelon calyculate can use common field to spread, and can also use and hang climing management, be lifted melon is climing with rope, etc.
Melon length is sling melon with mesh bag to during 1kg or so, with anti-fall seedling.Stay 8~10 leaf pinching on knot melon position, with sharp nutrient to
Fruit transports.
（4）The temperature treatment of the button canopy of heliogreenhouse sweet cherry and watermelon：
During button canopy management, start cover film and cotton-wadded quilt when less than 0 DEG C low temperature of extraneous appearance for the first time, and take off by lid night in daytime
0~7 DEG C is maintained at, is reached using the autumn mean daily temperature stable time that 0~7 DEG C is maintained at by 7.2 DEG C of date as starting point
Management is started to warm up after 600 hours.Heating using slow heating mode every 3 days raise 3 DEG C, not more than 28 DEG C, watermelon
Like temperature higher, but to consider the growth temperature of cherry.Harvested is when ambient temperature is progressively close with warm indoor temperature
It is aerated exercise and removes canopy film.
（5）The pollination of watermelon in sunlight greenhouse：
Beehive is put into canopy room in watermelon the last week of blooming, or carries out artificial pollination.
（6）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control of heliogreenhouse sweet cherry and watermelon：
Sweet cherry mainly prevents and treats chafer, boat-shaped caterpillar, pear flower lace bug, red spider etc., and watermelon wants keypoint control droop, white powder
Disease etc..
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
All any modification, equivalent and improvement made within refreshing and principle etc., all should be wrapped within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. make the cultural method of watermelon during a kind of heliogreenhouse sweet cherry treelet, it is characterised in that：This method includes following step
Suddenly,
First, fine variety production：Heliogreenhouse sweet cherry variety is from ripe early, best in quality, high yield, the kind of resistance, configuration
Pollinizers, seedling are transplanted from good, the healthy sturdy seedlings of root system；Variety of watermelon tolerance to low temperature and weak light, it is disease-resistant, high-quality,
The good kind of commodity；
2nd, planting system and time：Sweet cherry is transplanted by the way of digging pit or ditching in spring, and the bottom of by before plant
Fertilizer uses sufficient；Watermelon using by the seedling of cultivation, in sweet cherry tree, in the ranks transplant by north-south, and after spring starts to warm up, when in canopy
Temperature rises to more than 15 DEG C, and ground temperature is transplanted more than 7 DEG C；
3rd, rich water quality management：Base fertilizer is used sufficient before field planting, sweet cherry tree growth period can suitably impose composite fertilizer, multielement micro-fertilizer, amino acid
Class foliar fertilizer etc., but can properly increase the ratio of nitrogen early stage in growth, Later growth reduces the usage amount of nitrogen and increases phosphorus potash fertilizer
Ratio；Watermelon combines watering after bearing fruit can impose composite fertilizer；To pour permeable after plant, be poured again once after 7~10 days, sweet tea cherry
Promotion sapling up-growth is fully irrigated before peach August, expands tree crown, suitably to control water after August promotes branch to enrich, watermelon watering
Using irrigation under film, watering principle is accomplished " wet without flood, to do without drought "；
4th, tree-like management：Sweet cherry is tree-like using spindle, focuses on winter pruning and summer pruning combines, summer pruning is main
Including drawing branch, quarter bud, turning round the methods of tip to promote tree-like formation early and promote flower_bud formation；The management of watermelon calyculate can use
Common field paving is climing, can also use and hang climing management, is lifted melon is climing with rope, wait melon length to during 1kg or so with mesh bag by melon
Sling, and 8~10 leaf pinching are stayed on knot melon position；
5th, temperature treatment：When detaining canopy management, start cover film and cotton-wadded quilt when less than 0 DEG C low temperature of extraneous appearance for the first time, and
Taken off by lid night in daytime and be maintained at 0~7 DEG C, 0~7 is maintained at as starting point by 7.2 DEG C of date so that autumn mean daily temperature is stable
DEG C time reach 600 hours after start to warm up management；Heating raised 3 DEG C using slow heating mode every 3 days, not more than
28 DEG C are crossed, has been harvested and has been aerated exercise when ambient temperature is progressively close with warm indoor temperature and removes canopy film；
6th, supple-mentary pollination：Beehive is put into canopy room in watermelon the last week of blooming, or carries out artificial pollination；
7th, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Sweet cherry mainly prevents and treats chafer, boat-shaped caterpillar, pear flower lace bug, red spider etc., and watermelon wants emphasis
Prevent and treat droop, powdery mildew etc..
2. making the cultural method of watermelon during a kind of heliogreenhouse sweet cherry treelet according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：The planting density of the sweet cherry is 1.5 meters × 3 meters of seeding row spacing, and when being transplanted by the way of digging pit or ditching, hole and ditch
Depth and width be 80cm.
3. making the cultural method of watermelon during a kind of heliogreenhouse sweet cherry treelet according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：The watermelon plants 2 rows among sweet cherry tree, line width 60cm, the wide 50cm of strain, overlay film and is watered in time after cultivation.
4. making the cultural method of watermelon during a kind of heliogreenhouse sweet cherry treelet according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：The treelet phase of the heliogreenhouse sweet cherry is first 3 years after planting trees.
5. making the cultural method of watermelon during a kind of heliogreenhouse sweet cherry treelet according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：The watermelon floor space is the 1/3~2/3 of the heliogreenhouse gross area.
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| CN105638362A (en) * | 2016-01-30 | 2016-06-08 | 贵州山和水茶业有限公司 | Cultivation method for interplanting cherry trees in tea garden |
| CN106416900A (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2017-02-22 | 合肥润雨农业科技有限公司 | Planting method for promoting production increase at earlier stage of sweet cherries |
| CN106922459A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2017-07-07 | 纳雍县万寿玛瑙红樱桃有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of agate red cherry |
-
2017
- 2017-11-29 CN CN201711222731.0A patent/CN107810771A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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