CN107801547B

CN107801547B - Cutting seedling raising method for star anise

Info

Publication number: CN107801547B
Application number: CN201711008875.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 甘宏芳
Original assignee: Wei Shaocai
Current assignee: Wei Shaocai
Priority date: 2017-10-25
Filing date: 2017-10-25
Publication date: 2020-04-07
Anticipated expiration: 2037-10-25
Also published as: CN107801547A

Abstract

The invention discloses a cutting seedling method of star anise, which comprises the following steps: preparing and filling nutrient soil: mixing 20 parts of yellow core soil, 10 parts of burnt soil, 8 parts of humus soil and 3 parts of volcanic mud, sterilizing, uniformly mixing with 5 parts of wormcast, 2 parts of vermiculite, 3 parts of freeze-thaw glutinous rice flour, 3 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide and 2 parts of far infrared nano powder to obtain nutrient soil, and filling the nutrient soil into a seedling raising bag of a seedbed; collecting and processing cutting shoots: pruning the collected branches into 8-10cm long branches, making the lower cut into an oblique mouth shape, keeping the upper cut 0.5cm away from the bud eye, keeping the shape of 1-2 leaves at the top as a cutting, disinfecting the cutting, pricking 3-5 needle eyes at the lower cut with fine needles, soaking in growth promoting liquid for 1.5h, and washing with clear water for later use; cutting; and (5) managing after cuttage. The seedling raising method has the advantages of high grafting survival rate, short seedling time, high transplanting survival rate and high uniformity.

Description

Cutting seedling raising method for star anise

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of star anise seedling raising. More specifically, the invention relates to a cutting seedling method of star anise.

Background

Anise, also called as star anise, is used as a flavoring and medicinal material, and its pericarp, seed and leaf contain aromatic oil, and are important raw materials for making cosmetics and food. The star anise is a subtropical tree species in south, west and south of Guangxi province. The planting mode of star anise is more, and the bare-rooted seedlings which are more convenient to cultivate but have lower afforestation survival rate are mostly adopted in the transplanting and afforestation of star anise seedlings at present, because the bag seedling raising needs to be configured with nutrient soil which is directly related to the survival rate of seedlings, the process is more complicated than the cultivation of the bare-rooted seedlings, however, the bag seedling raising is convenient for long-distance transportation, and the achievement rate of the bag seedling raising is higher under the condition that the bag seedling raising is used for selling or the nursery is far away from the afforestation land. At present, the bag seedling raising is generally carried out by sowing and raising seedlings after single plastic film bags are loaded with nutrient soil, the uniformity is poor, the emergence rate is low, and the survival rate of seedlings which are transported out of a nursery to a forestation land is higher than that of bare-rooted seedlings but still needs to be improved. And the star anise adopts seeds to sow and grow seedlings, the seedlings can bloom and bear fruits in 6-8 years, and the excellent characters of the mother tree can be kept in the new forest by cutting, seedling culture and afforestation by adopting one branch of the star anise superior tree, so that the star anise blooms and bears fruits in advance, and stable and high yield is realized. The defects are that the rooting rate of the star anise cutting seedlings is low under the general condition, so that the emergence rate is not high.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages described later.

The invention also aims to provide a cutting seedling method of star anise, which improves the grafting survival rate and shortens the seedling time by preparing nutrient soil and promoting the growth liquid to soak the cutting slips, and improves the transplanting survival rate and the uniformity by cultivating the bag seedling through a special seedbed, a seedling bag and a liquid applying pipe.

To achieve these objects and other advantages in accordance with the present invention, there is provided a method for raising seedlings of star anises by cutting, comprising the steps of:

s1, preparing and filling nutrient soil: mixing 20 parts of yellow core soil, 10 parts of burnt soil, 8 parts of humus soil and 3 parts of volcanic mud, sterilizing, uniformly mixing with 5 parts of wormcast, 2 parts of vermiculite, 3 parts of freeze-thaw glutinous rice flour, 3 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide and 2 parts of far infrared nano powder to obtain nutrient soil, and filling the nutrient soil into a seedling raising bag of a seedbed; the freeze-thaw glutinous rice flour is obtained by crushing glutinous rice, sieving with a 20-mesh sieve, mixing with boiling water according to the weight ratio of 1:3-5, decocting for 15-20min, then immediately putting into a container for quick freezing at-25 ℃ for 20h, taking out, drying at 60 ℃, crushing, and sieving with a 40-mesh sieve;

s2, collecting and processing cutting slips: collecting 1-year-old semi-lignified shoots which are free of diseases and insect pests, have plump bud eyes and have the diameter of 0.4-0.6cm, trimming the shoots into shoots with the length of 8-10cm, wherein the lower part of each shoot is in an oblique mouth shape, the upper part of each shoot is 0.5cm away from the bud eyes, the top of each shoot keeps the shape of 1-2 leaves as cuttings, after the cuttings are disinfected, the lower end of each shoot is pricked with a fine needle for 3-5 needle eyes, and then the shoots are soaked in growth promoting liquid for 1.5h and washed with clear water for later use; the growth promoting liquid is prepared by uniformly mixing reed vinegar, chitosan oligosaccharide, aloe juice, indolebutyric acid, vitamin B1 and water according to the weight ratio of 25:10:50:1:1: 1000;

s3, cuttage: firstly, inserting a small hole in the nutrient soil in the seedling raising bag by using a small stick, then inserting and compacting the treated cutting, and spraying enough water;

s4, management after cuttage: covering the seedbed with plastic film arch cover, keeping the relative humidity in the arch cover at 80-90%, the water content in the seedling bag at 65-75%, applying liquid fertilizer once every 10-15 days, rooting for 20 days, culturing in natural light, and outplanting after the seedlings grow to 35 cm.

Preferably, before the star anise is filled with nutrient soil, a seedbed, a liquid application pipe and a seedling raising bag are prepared;

the seedbed is of a cuboid structure, a plurality of through air holes are uniformly arranged at the bottom of the seedbed, a vertically extending support is arranged at each of four corners of the seedbed, a top cover is detachably arranged at the upper part of the seedbed, a plurality of round seedling raising holes are uniformly arranged on the top cover, and an opening is formed at one corner of the top cover;

the liquid applying pipe comprises a first liquid inlet pipe vertically arranged along the inner wall of the seedbed and two L-shaped second liquid inlet pipes horizontally arranged along the top edge of the inner wall of the seedbed, the upper end of the first liquid inlet pipe penetrates through and extends out of the opening, the lower end of the first liquid inlet pipe is connected with the two second liquid inlet pipes through a three-way pipe, the three-way pipe and the two second liquid inlet pipes are placed on four supports of the seedbed so that the two second liquid inlet pipes are positioned at the top of the seedbed, and the second liquid inlet pipes are provided with a plurality of liquid outlet holes arranged towards the inner wall of the seedbed;

educate seedling bag, it includes:

the bag mouth of the net bag is matched with the seedling growing holes, and the mesh is a sieve with the aperture of 60 meshes;

the clamping plate is in a ring shape, the inner circumference of the clamping plate is detachably connected with the bag opening of the mesh bag, and the outer circumference of the clamping plate is larger than the circumference of the seedling hole so that the clamping plate is lapped on the top cover;

the retractable bag is a cylindrical bag body with openings at two ends, the first end of the retractable bag is detachably connected with the outer circumference of the clamping plate, and the second end of the retractable bag is provided with a tightening rope along the circumference of the bottom of the cylindrical bag body so that the mesh bag can be accommodated in the retractable bag by the second end;

the specific operation steps are as follows: opening the top cover, filling the nutrient soil to 1/3 degrees of the height of the seedbed, installing a liquid application pipe, then buckling the top cover, installing the mesh bag and the clamp plate at the seedling hole of the top cover, then sub-packaging the nutrient soil in the mesh bag, and compacting the nutrient soil in the mesh bag by using a mallet; when watering or applying liquid fertilizer, applying the fertilizer from the first liquid inlet pipe of the liquid applying pipe; when the nursery stock is outplanted, the first end of the shrinkage bag is connected with the clamping plate, the clamping plate and the mesh bag are taken out together, and the mesh bag is contained in the shrinkage bag after the second end of the shrinkage bag is tensioned.

Preferably, in the star anise cutting seedling method, a moisturizing net can be detachably sleeved outside the mesh bag, and the pores between the moisturizing net and the mesh bag are filled with high-molecular water-absorbent resin particles.

Preferably, the star anise cutting seedling method is characterized in that the liquid fertilizer is prepared by mixing and fermenting molasses alcohol fermentation liquor, crab shells, fish scales, wormcast, corncobs, bean dregs, rice bran and water according to a mass ratio of 45:8:12:5:7:10:10:1000 for 15-20 days, filtering to obtain filtrate, and sterilizing the filtrate.

Preferably, in the star anise cutting seedling method, the mesh bag is made of degradable plastic materials.

Preferably, the cutting seedling method of star anise further comprises: monitoring the relative humidity of the nutrient soil in the seedbed and controlling the relative humidity to be between 80 and 90 percent; the pH of the nutrient soil in the seedbed is monitored and controlled between 5 and 5.5.

The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:

1) according to the bag seedling raising method, the net bags are adopted to replace the traditional plastic film bags, the traditional single seedling raising method is changed into collective seedling raising, seedlings in a seedbed grow together under the supply of the same nutrient source, the uniformity is high, the fertilizing and watering operation is convenient and trouble-saving, and when the seedlings are out of a nursery, the seedlings can be packed and shipped by directly sleeving the shrinkage bags, so that the transportation is convenient, and the transplanting survival rate from long-distance transportation to a destination is improved;

2) the nutrient soil adopted by the invention is added with volcanic mud, wormcast, vermiculite, freeze-thaw glutinous rice flour, chitosan oligosaccharide and far infrared nano powder besides common yellow core soil, burnt soil and humus soil, which is beneficial to improving the physiological activity of the nutrient soil and ensuring that the nutrient soil has good fertilizer retention, water retention and air permeability, thereby promoting the growth and development of the anise cutting seedlings and improving the stress resistance of the anise cutting seedlings;

3) the cutting survival rate of the aniseed cutting seedlings is lower under general conditions, and the cutting survival rate is greatly improved after the growth promoting liquid is used for soaking treatment;

4) the liquid fertilizer disclosed by the invention is comprehensive in nutrition and easy to absorb, is beneficial to rapid and robust growth of seedlings, and shortens the seedling emergence time;

5) a moisture-preserving net is arranged outside each net bag and filled with water-absorbing resin, so that the moisture of nutrient soil required by the growth of the aniseed seedlings in the seedling bags can be ensured, and the problem of seedling failure caused by water shortage or excessive water in a nursery can be reduced.

Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic side sectional view of a seedbed and a nutrition bag according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the cover and clamping plate of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the seedbed and the liquid-dispensing tube of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.

It is to be noted that the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents and materials, if not otherwise specified, are commercially available; in the description of the present invention, the terms "lateral", "longitudinal", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Example 1:

a cutting seedling raising method for star anises comprises the following steps:

The star anise cutting seedling method further comprises the following steps: monitoring the relative humidity of the nutrient soil in the seedbed and controlling the relative humidity to be between 80 and 90 percent; the pH of the nutrient soil in the seedbed is monitored and controlled between 5 and 5.5.

The liquid fertilizer adopted in the embodiment is a commercially available compound liquid fertilizer.

Example 2:

on the basis of the embodiment 1, the star anise cutting seedling method comprises the steps of preparing a seedbed, a liquid application pipe and a seedling bag before nutrient soil is filled;

as shown in fig. 1-3, the seedbed 1 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, the bottom of the seedbed 1 is provided with a plurality of through air holes (not shown), the four corners of the seedbed 1 are respectively provided with a vertically extending support (not shown), the upper part of the seedbed 1 is detachably provided with a top cover 2, the top cover 2 is uniformly provided with a plurality of circular seedling-growing holes 21, and one corner of the top cover 2 is provided with an opening 22;

the liquid application pipe 3 comprises a first liquid inlet pipe 31 vertically arranged along the inner wall of the seedbed 1 and two L-shaped second liquid inlet pipes 32 horizontally arranged along the top edge of the inner wall of the seedbed 1, the upper end of the first liquid inlet pipe 31 penetrates through and extends out of the opening 22, the lower end of the first liquid inlet pipe is connected with the two second liquid inlet pipes 32 through a three-way pipe, the three-way pipe and the two second liquid inlet pipes 32 are placed on four supports of the seedbed 1 so that the two second liquid inlet pipes 32 are positioned at the top of the seedbed 1, and a plurality of liquid outlet holes arranged towards the inner wall of the seedbed 1 are formed in the second liquid inlet pipes 32; (the end of the second liquid inlet pipe which is not connected with the three-way pipe is a closed end;)

Educate seedling bag, it includes:

the bag mouth of the mesh bag 4 is matched with the seedling hole 21, and the mesh is a 60-mesh screen (large particles are not easy to pass through the whole mesh bag, and ultrafine particles can pass through the mesh bag);

the clamp plate 5 is in a ring shape, the inner circumference of the clamp plate 5 is detachably connected with the opening of the mesh bag 4 (for example, the inner circumference of the clamp plate is provided with a plurality of hooks), and the outer circumference of the clamp plate 5 is larger than the circumference of the seedling hole 21 so that the clamp plate 5 is lapped on the top cover 2;

the contraction bag is a cylindrical bag body with two open ends, the first end of the contraction bag is detachably connected with the outer circumference of the clamping plate 5, and the second end of the contraction bag is provided with a tightening rope along the circumference of the bottom of the cylindrical bag body so that the net bag 4 can be contained in the contraction bag by the second end; in addition, two fan-shaped tabs which are symmetrical about the circle center (at the bottom of the bag body) can extend inwards along the circumference of the bottom of the cylindrical bag body at the second end, and snap fasteners are respectively arranged on the two fan-shaped tabs so as to prevent the nutrient soil from scattering in the carrying process; the structure of the shrink bag is not shown in the attached drawing, and the shrink bag can be not installed on the clamp plate in advance during the seedling raising process and then installed when the seedlings are out of nursery, so that the transportation is facilitated.

The specific operation steps are as follows: opening the top cover 2, filling the nutrient soil to 1/3 which is the height of the seedbed 1, installing the liquid application pipe 3, then buckling the top cover 2, installing the mesh bag 4 and the clamping plate 5 at the seedling hole 21 of the top cover 2, then sub-packaging the nutrient soil in the mesh bag 4, and compacting the nutrient soil in the mesh bag 4 by using a mallet; when watering or applying liquid fertilizer, the liquid fertilizer is applied from the first liquid inlet pipe 31 of the liquid applying pipe 3; when the nursery stock is outplanted, the first end of the shrinkage bag is connected with the clamping plate 5, the clamping plate 5 and the mesh bag 4 are taken out together, and the mesh bag 4 is contained in the shrinkage bag after the second end of the shrinkage bag is tensioned.

Example 3:

on the basis of the embodiment 2, the star anise cutting seedling method is characterized in that the liquid fertilizer is prepared by mixing and fermenting molasses alcohol fermentation liquor, crab shells, fish scales, wormcast, corncobs, bean dregs, rice bran and water according to the mass ratio of 45:8:12:5:7:10:10:1000 for 15-20 days, filtering to obtain filtrate, and sterilizing the filtrate.

Example 4:

on the basis of the embodiment 3, as shown in fig. 1, in the cutting seedling method of aniseed, a moisture-preserving net 6 can be detachably sleeved outside the net bag 4, and the pores between the moisture-preserving net 6 and the net bag 4 are filled with the high-molecular water-absorbent resin particles.

Example 5:

on the basis of the embodiment 4, in the star anise cutting seedling method, the mesh bag is made of degradable plastic materials.

In order to illustrate the beneficial effects of the cutting seedling production method of star anise, the inventor of the present invention, aiming at the method of the embodiment 1-4, takes the conventional cutting seedling method of nutrition bag seedling (nutrition soil formula: 20 parts of yellow core soil, 10 parts of burnt soil and 8 parts of humus soil) as a contrast, respectively carries out cultivation of star anise nutrition bag seedlings, transports the seedlings to a place 300 kilometers away from a nursery land for transplanting, and counts the rate of emergence and the survival rate of transplanting as shown in table 1.

TABLE 1 influence of different seedling growing methods on the rate of emergence and the survival rate of transplantation

	Rate of emergence	Survival rate of transplantation
			Conventional cutting seedling raising	82.8％	73.4％
Example 1	92.2％	84.7％
			Example 2	94.4％	95.1％
Example 3	95.1％	95.2％
			Example 4	95.5％	95.8％

While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A cutting seedling raising method of star anises is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s4, management after cuttage: covering the seedbed with a plastic film arch cover, keeping the relative humidity in the arch cover at 80-90%, keeping the water content in the seedling bag at 65-75%, applying liquid fertilizer once every 10-15 days, rooting for 20 days, culturing in natural light, and taking out the nursery after the seedlings grow to 35 cm;

before filling nutrient soil, preparing a seedbed, a liquid application pipe and a seedling bag;

educate seedling bag, it includes:

2. The star anise cutting seedling method according to claim 1, wherein a moisture-keeping net is detachably sleeved outside the net bag, and pores between the moisture-keeping net and the net bag are filled with high-molecular water-absorbent resin particles.

3. The star anise cutting seedling method of claim 1, wherein the liquid fertilizer is prepared by mixing and fermenting molasses alcohol fermentation liquor, crab shells, fish scales, wormcast, corncobs, bean dregs, rice bran and water according to a mass ratio of 45:8:12:5:7:10:10:1000 for 15-20 days, filtering to obtain filtrate, and sterilizing the filtrate.

4. The star anise cutting seedling method according to claim 1, wherein the mesh bag is made of degradable plastic materials.

5. The star anise cutting seedling method according to claim 1, further comprising: monitoring the relative humidity of the nutrient soil in the seedbed and controlling the relative humidity to be between 80 and 90 percent; the pH of the nutrient soil in the seedbed is monitored and controlled between 5 and 5.5.