CN107801501B - Grafting seedling method of star anise - Google Patents
Grafting seedling method of star anise Download PDFInfo
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- CN107801501B CN107801501B CN201711008902.XA CN201711008902A CN107801501B CN 107801501 B CN107801501 B CN 107801501B CN 201711008902 A CN201711008902 A CN 201711008902A CN 107801501 B CN107801501 B CN 107801501B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
- A01N65/44—Poaceae or Gramineae [Grass family], e.g. bamboo, lemon grass or citronella grass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F1/00—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof
- C05F1/002—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof from fish or from fish-wastes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses a grafting seedling method of star anise, which comprises the following steps: preparing and filling nutrient soil: mixing 20 parts of yellow core soil, 10 parts of burnt soil, 8 parts of humus soil and 3 parts of volcanic mud, sterilizing, uniformly mixing with 5 parts of wormcast, 2 parts of vermiculite, 3 parts of freeze-thaw glutinous rice flour, 3 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide and 2 parts of far infrared nano powder to obtain nutrient soil, and filling the nutrient soil into a seedling raising bag of a seedbed; selecting a rootstock; selecting a scion; grafting: adopting a bark-pulling grafting method or a cutting grafting method to treat the scion and the stock in 2-3 months, and coating grafting promoting paste on the surface bound by the film when the grafted part is bound by the film, wherein the grafting promoting paste is prepared by mixing and grinding reed vinegar, chitosan oligosaccharide, aloe and freeze-thaw glutinous rice flour according to the mass ratio of 2:1:40: 5; and (5) managing after grafting. The seedling raising method has the advantages of high grafting survival rate, short seedling time, high transplanting survival rate and high uniformity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of star anise seedling raising. More specifically, the invention relates to a grafting seedling method of star anise.
Background
Anise, also called as star anise, is used as a flavoring and medicinal material, and its pericarp, seed and leaf contain aromatic oil, and are important raw materials for making cosmetics and food. The star anise is a subtropical tree species in south, west and south of Guangxi province. The planting mode of star anise is more, and the bare-rooted seedlings which are more convenient to cultivate but have lower afforestation survival rate are mostly adopted in the transplanting and afforestation of star anise seedlings at present, because the bag seedling raising needs to be configured with nutrient soil which is directly related to the survival rate of seedlings, the process is more complicated than the cultivation of the bare-rooted seedlings, however, the bag seedling raising is convenient for long-distance transportation, and the achievement rate of the bag seedling raising is higher under the condition that the bag seedling raising is used for selling or the nursery is far away from the afforestation land. At present, the bag seedling raising is generally carried out by sowing and raising seedlings after single plastic film bags are loaded with nutrient soil, the uniformity is poor, the emergence rate is low, and the survival rate of seedlings which are transported out of a nursery to a forestation land is higher than that of bare-rooted seedlings but still needs to be improved. And the star anise adopts seeds for seeding and seedling raising, the seedlings can bloom and bear fruits only after 6 to 8 years, the grafted seedlings can bloom and bear fruits after 2 to 3 years of planting, the good growth characteristics of the stock and the scion can be kept, and the defects that the seedling rate of the grafted seedlings is low and is about 85 percent are overcome.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages described later.
The invention also aims to provide a method for grafting and seedling raising of star anise, which improves the grafting survival rate by preparing nutrient soil and coating grafting promoting paste, and improves the transplanting survival rate and the uniformity by cultivating the bag seedling raising through a special seedbed, a seedling raising bag and a liquid applying pipe.
To achieve these objects and other advantages in accordance with the present invention, there is provided a method for grafting seedlings of star anise, comprising the steps of:
s1, preparing and filling nutrient soil: mixing 20 parts of yellow core soil, 10 parts of burnt soil, 8 parts of humus soil and 3 parts of volcanic mud, sterilizing, uniformly mixing with 5 parts of wormcast, 2 parts of vermiculite, 3 parts of freeze-thaw glutinous rice flour, 3 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide and 2 parts of far infrared nano powder to obtain nutrient soil, and filling the nutrient soil into a seedling raising bag of a seedbed; the freeze-thaw glutinous rice flour is obtained by crushing glutinous rice, sieving with a 20-mesh sieve, mixing with boiling water according to the weight ratio of 1:3-5, decocting for 15-20min, then immediately putting into a container for quick freezing at-25 ℃ for 20h, taking out, drying at 60 ℃, crushing, and sieving with a 40-mesh sieve;
s2, selecting rootstocks: selecting a seedling which grows for 1-2 years and is 0.5-1cm thick in diameter at a position 10-15 cm away from the ground, and cutting the stock to be 15-16cm long;
s3, selecting scions: selecting 1-year-old fruiting mother branches without diseases and insect pests and with plump bud eyes;
s4, grafting: adopting a bark-pulling grafting method or a cutting grafting method to treat the scion and the stock in 2-3 months, and coating grafting promoting paste on the surface bound by the film when the grafted part is bound by the film, wherein the grafting promoting paste is prepared by mixing and grinding reed vinegar, chitosan oligosaccharide, aloe and freeze-thaw glutinous rice flour according to the mass ratio of 2:1:40: 5;
s5, management after grafting: planting the grafted nursery stock into a seedling growing bag, culturing in a shading shed below a double-layer shading net, controlling the shading degree of an inner layer shading net to be 30-40%, the shading degree of an outer layer shading net to be 70-80%, controlling the temperature of the shading shed to be 24-28 ℃, controlling the humidity to be 75-85%, removing a thin film after 5-7 days of first trebbing, applying liquid fertilizer once every 1-2 months, removing the outer layer shading net after 3 months, removing the inner layer shading net after 5 months, and culturing under natural light.
Preferably, in the star anise grafting seedling method, before the grafted seedlings are planted into the seedling bag, a seedling bed, a liquid applying pipe and the seedling bag are prepared;
the seedbed is of a cuboid structure, a plurality of through air holes are uniformly arranged at the bottom of the seedbed, a vertically extending support is arranged at each of four corners of the seedbed, a top cover is detachably arranged at the upper part of the seedbed, a plurality of round seedling raising holes are uniformly arranged on the top cover, and an opening is formed at one corner of the top cover;
the liquid applying pipe comprises a first liquid inlet pipe vertically arranged along the inner wall of the seedbed and two L-shaped second liquid inlet pipes horizontally arranged along the top edge of the inner wall of the seedbed, the upper end of the first liquid inlet pipe penetrates through and extends out of the opening, the lower end of the first liquid inlet pipe is connected with the two second liquid inlet pipes through a three-way pipe, the three-way pipe and the two second liquid inlet pipes are placed on four supports of the seedbed so that the two second liquid inlet pipes are positioned at the top of the seedbed, and the second liquid inlet pipes are provided with a plurality of liquid outlet holes arranged towards the inner wall of the seedbed;
educate seedling bag, it includes:
the bag mouth of the net bag is matched with the seedling growing holes, and the mesh is a sieve with the aperture of 60 meshes;
the clamping plate is in a ring shape, the inner circumference of the clamping plate is detachably connected with the bag opening of the mesh bag, and the outer circumference of the clamping plate is larger than the circumference of the seedling hole so that the clamping plate is lapped on the top cover;
the retractable bag is a cylindrical bag body with openings at two ends, the first end of the retractable bag is detachably connected with the outer circumference of the clamping plate, and the second end of the retractable bag is provided with a tightening rope along the circumference of the bottom of the cylindrical bag body so that the second end can be tightened to store the mesh bag in the retractable bag;
the specific operation steps are as follows: opening the top cover, filling the nutrient soil to 1/3 degrees of the height of the seedbed, installing a liquid application pipe, then buckling the top cover, installing the mesh bag and the clamp plate on the seedling holes of the top cover, then sub-packaging the nutrient soil in the mesh bag, and compacting the nutrient soil in the mesh bag by using a mallet; when watering or applying liquid fertilizer, applying the fertilizer from the first liquid inlet pipe of the liquid applying pipe; can go out the nursery when grafting seedling is up to 35cm, when going out the nursery, be connected the first end and the splint of shrink bag, take out splint and pocket together again, accomodate the pocket in its inside after the second end of shrink bag is taut.
Preferably, the grafting and seedling raising method of the star anise is characterized in that grafting is carried out after 4 pm before 10 am on a non-rainy day with the air temperature of 15-20 ℃; and (3) after the grafted seedlings grow to 20-25cm, strengthening, coring and drying, reserving a strong branch germinated on the scions after grafting, and removing the rest sprouts in time.
Preferably, the grafting seedling method of the star anise is characterized in that the liquid fertilizer is prepared by mixing and fermenting molasses alcohol fermentation liquor, crab shells, fish scales, wormcast, corncobs, bean dregs, rice bran and water according to a mass ratio of 45:8:12:5:7:10:10:1000 for 15-20 days, filtering to obtain filtrate, and sterilizing the filtrate.
Preferably, in the grafting seedling method of the aniseed, the outer part of the mesh bag can be detachably sleeved with a moisturizing mesh, and the pores between the moisturizing mesh and the mesh bag are filled with high-molecular water-absorbent resin particles.
Preferably, the grafting seedling method of the star anise further comprises the following steps: monitoring the relative humidity of the nutrient soil in the seedbed and controlling the relative humidity to be between 80 and 90 percent; the pH was monitored and controlled between 5-5.5.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
1) according to the bag seedling raising method, the net bags are adopted to replace the traditional plastic film bags, the traditional single seedling raising method is changed into collective seedling raising, seedlings in a seedbed grow together under the supply of the same nutrient source, the uniformity is high, the fertilizing and watering operation is convenient and trouble-saving, and when the seedlings are out of a nursery, the seedlings can be packed and shipped by directly sleeving the shrinkage bags, so that the transportation is convenient, and the transplanting survival rate from long-distance transportation to a destination is improved;
2) the nutrient soil adopted by the invention is added with volcanic mud, wormcast, vermiculite, freeze-thaw glutinous rice flour, chitosan oligosaccharide and far infrared nano powder besides common yellow core soil, burnt soil and humus soil, which is beneficial to improving the physiological activity of the nutrient soil and ensuring that the nutrient soil has good fertilizer retention, water retention and air permeability, thereby promoting the growth and development of the star anise grafted seedlings and improving the stress resistance of the star anise grafted seedlings;
3) the grafting survival rate of the star anise grafted seedlings is lower in general conditions, and the grafting survival rate is greatly improved by coating the grafting promoting paste prepared from reed vinegar, chitosan oligosaccharide, aloe and freeze-thaw glutinous rice flour;
4) the liquid fertilizer disclosed by the invention is comprehensive in nutrition and easy to absorb, is beneficial to rapid and robust growth of seedlings, and shortens the seedling emergence time;
5) a moisture-preserving net is arranged outside each net bag and filled with water-absorbing resin, so that the moisture of nutrient soil required by the growth of the aniseed seedlings in the seedling bags can be ensured, and the problem of seedling failure caused by water shortage or excessive water in a nursery can be reduced.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic side sectional view of a seedbed and a nutrition bag according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the cover and clamping plate of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the seedbed and the liquid-dispensing tube of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.
It is to be noted that the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents and materials, if not otherwise specified, are commercially available; in the description of the present invention, the terms "lateral", "longitudinal", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example 1:
a grafting seedling method of star anise comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing and filling nutrient soil: mixing 20 parts of yellow core soil, 10 parts of burnt soil, 8 parts of humus soil and 3 parts of volcanic mud, sterilizing, uniformly mixing with 5 parts of wormcast, 2 parts of vermiculite, 3 parts of freeze-thaw glutinous rice flour, 3 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide and 2 parts of far infrared nano powder to obtain nutrient soil, and filling the nutrient soil into a seedling raising bag of a seedbed; the freeze-thaw glutinous rice flour is obtained by crushing glutinous rice, sieving with a 20-mesh sieve, mixing with boiling water according to the weight ratio of 1:3-5, decocting for 15-20min, then immediately putting into a container for quick freezing at-25 ℃ for 20h, taking out, drying at 60 ℃, crushing, and sieving with a 40-mesh sieve;
s2, selecting rootstocks: selecting a seedling which grows for 1-2 years and is 0.5-1cm thick in diameter at a position 10-15 cm away from the ground, and cutting the stock to be 15-16cm long;
s3, selecting scions: selecting 1-year-old fruiting mother branches without diseases and insect pests and with plump bud eyes;
s4, grafting: adopting a bark-pulling grafting method or a cutting grafting method to treat the scion and the stock in 2-3 months, and coating grafting promoting paste on the surface bound by the film when the grafted part is bound by the film, wherein the grafting promoting paste is prepared by mixing and grinding reed vinegar, chitosan oligosaccharide, aloe and freeze-thaw glutinous rice flour according to the mass ratio of 2:1:40: 5;
s5, management after grafting: planting the grafted nursery stock into a seedling growing bag, culturing in a shading shed below a double-layer shading net, controlling the shading degree of an inner layer shading net to be 30-40%, the shading degree of an outer layer shading net to be 70-80%, controlling the temperature of the shading shed to be 24-28 ℃, controlling the humidity to be 75-85%, removing a thin film after 5-7 days of first trebbing, applying liquid fertilizer once every 1-2 months, removing the outer layer shading net after 3 months, removing the inner layer shading net after 5 months, and culturing under natural light.
The grafting seedling method of the star anise comprises the following steps of selecting the grafting after 4 pm before 10 am on a non-rainy day with the air temperature of 15-20 ℃; and (3) after the grafted seedlings grow to 20-25cm, strengthening, coring and drying, reserving a strong branch germinated on the scions after grafting, and removing the rest sprouts in time.
The grafting seedling method of the star anise further comprises the following steps: monitoring the relative humidity of the nutrient soil in the seedbed and controlling the relative humidity to be between 80 and 90 percent; the pH was monitored and controlled between 5-5.5.
The invention adopts a bark-pulling grafting method or a cutting grafting method for grafting treatment, which is the conventional grafting technology of the aniseed. The liquid fertilizer is a compound liquid fertilizer sold in the market.
Example 2:
on the basis of the embodiment 1, the grafting seedling raising method of the aniseed is characterized in that a seedling bed, a liquid applying pipe and a seedling raising bag are prepared before grafted seedlings are planted into the seedling raising bag;
as shown in fig. 1-3, the seedbed 1 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, the bottom of the seedbed 1 is provided with a plurality of through air holes (not shown), the four corners of the seedbed 1 are respectively provided with a vertically extending support (not shown), the upper part of the seedbed 1 is detachably provided with a top cover 2, the top cover 2 is uniformly provided with a plurality of circular seedling-growing holes 21, and one corner of the top cover 2 is provided with an opening 22;
the liquid application pipe 3 comprises a first liquid inlet pipe 31 vertically arranged along the inner wall of the seedbed 1 and two L-shaped second liquid inlet pipes 32 horizontally arranged along the top edge of the inner wall of the seedbed 1, the upper end of the first liquid inlet pipe 31 penetrates through and extends out of the opening 22, the lower end of the first liquid inlet pipe is connected with the two second liquid inlet pipes 32 through a three-way pipe, the three-way pipe and the two second liquid inlet pipes 32 are placed on four supports of the seedbed 1 so that the two second liquid inlet pipes 32 are positioned at the top of the seedbed, and a plurality of liquid outlet holes arranged towards the inner wall of the seedbed 1 are formed in the second liquid inlet pipes 32; (the end of the second liquid inlet pipe which is not connected with the three-way pipe is a closed end;)
Educate seedling bag, it includes:
the bag mouth of the mesh bag 4 is matched with the seedling hole 21, and the mesh is a 60-mesh screen (large particles are not easy to pass through the whole mesh bag, and ultrafine particles can pass through the mesh bag);
the clamp plate 5 is in a ring shape, the inner circumference of the clamp plate 5 is detachably connected with the opening of the mesh bag 4 (for example, the inner circumference of the clamp plate is provided with a plurality of hooks), and the outer circumference of the clamp plate 5 is larger than the circumference of the seedling hole 21 so that the clamp plate 5 is lapped on the top cover 2;
the contraction bag is a cylindrical bag body with two open ends, the first end of the contraction bag is detachably connected with the outer circumference of the clamping plate 5, and the second end of the contraction bag is provided with a tightening rope along the circumference of the bottom of the cylindrical bag body so that the second end can be tightened to accommodate the mesh bag 4 in the contraction bag; in addition, two fan-shaped tabs which are symmetrical about the circle center (at the bottom of the bag body) can extend inwards along the circumference of the bottom of the cylindrical bag body at the second end, and snap fasteners are respectively arranged on the two fan-shaped tabs so as to prevent the nutrient soil from scattering in the carrying process; the structure of the shrink bag is not shown in the attached drawing, and the shrink bag can be not installed on the clamp plate in advance during the seedling raising process and then installed when the seedlings are out of nursery, so that the transportation is facilitated.
The specific operation steps are as follows: opening the top cover 2, filling the nutrient soil to 1/3 which is the height of the seedbed 1, installing the liquid application pipe 3, then buckling the top cover 2, installing the mesh bag 4 and the clamping plate 5 on the seedling holes 21 of the top cover 2, then sub-packaging the nutrient soil in the mesh bag 4, and compacting the nutrient soil in the mesh bag 4 by using a mallet; when watering or applying liquid fertilizer, the liquid fertilizer is applied from the first liquid inlet pipe 31 of the liquid applying pipe 3; can go out the nursery when grafting seedling is up to 35cm, when going out the nursery, be connected the first end of shrink bag with splint 5, take out splint 5 and pocket 4 together again, accomodate pocket 4 inside it after the second end of shrink bag is taut.
Example 3:
on the basis of the embodiment 2, the grafting seedling method of the aniseed comprises the steps of mixing and fermenting molasses alcohol fermentation liquor, crab shells, fish scales, wormcast, corncobs, bean dregs, rice bran and water for 15-20 days according to the mass ratio of 45:8:12:5:7:10:10:1000, filtering to obtain filtrate, and sterilizing the filtrate to obtain the aniseed grafting seedling method.
The protocol of example 3 was changed for liquid fertilizer as in example 2.
Example 4:
on the basis of the embodiment 3, as shown in fig. 1, in the grafting seedling method of the aniseed, the moisture-preserving net 6 can be detachably sleeved outside the net bag 4, and the pores between the moisture-preserving net 6 and the net bag 4 are filled with the high-molecular water-absorbent resin particles.
In order to illustrate the beneficial effects of the grafting seedling raising production method of star anise, the inventor of the invention aims at the method of the embodiment 1-4, takes the conventional grafting seedling raising method of nutrition bag seedling raising (the formula of nutrition soil: 20 parts of yellow core soil, 10 parts of burnt soil and 8 parts of humus soil) as a contrast, respectively carries out the cultivation of the star anise nutrition bag seedlings, transports the seedlings to a place more than 300 kilometers away from a nursery land for transplanting, and counts out the rate of emergence and the survival rate of transplanting as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 influence of different seedling growing methods on the rate of emergence and the survival rate of transplantation
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. A grafting seedling method of star anise is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing and filling nutrient soil: mixing 20 parts of yellow core soil, 10 parts of burnt soil, 8 parts of humus soil and 3 parts of volcanic mud, sterilizing, uniformly mixing with 5 parts of wormcast, 2 parts of vermiculite, 3 parts of freeze-thaw glutinous rice flour, 3 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide and 2 parts of far infrared nano powder to obtain nutrient soil, and filling the nutrient soil into a seedling raising bag of a seedbed; the freeze-thaw glutinous rice flour is obtained by crushing glutinous rice, sieving with a 20-mesh sieve, mixing with boiling water according to the weight ratio of 1:3-5, decocting for 15-20min, then immediately putting into a container for quick freezing at-25 ℃ for 20h, taking out, drying at 60 ℃, crushing, and sieving with a 40-mesh sieve;
s2, selecting rootstocks: selecting a seedling which grows for 1-2 years and is 0.5-1cm thick in diameter at a position 10-15 cm away from the ground, and cutting the stock to be 15-16cm long;
s3, selecting scions: selecting 1-year-old fruiting mother branches without diseases and insect pests and with plump bud eyes;
s4, grafting: adopting a bark-pulling grafting method or a cutting grafting method to treat the scion and the stock in 2-3 months, and coating grafting promoting paste on the surface bound by the film when the grafted part is bound by the film, wherein the grafting promoting paste is prepared by mixing and grinding reed vinegar, chitosan oligosaccharide, aloe and freeze-thaw glutinous rice flour according to the mass ratio of 2:1:40: 5;
s5, management after grafting: planting the grafted nursery stock into a seedling growing bag, culturing in a shading shed below a double-layer shading net, wherein the shading degree of an inner layer shading net is 30-40%, the shading degree of an outer layer shading net is 70-80%, the temperature of the shading shed is controlled to be 24-28 ℃, the humidity is 75-85%, removing a thin film after 5-7 days of first treetop, applying a liquid fertilizer once every 1-2 months, removing the outer layer shading net after 3 months, removing the inner layer shading net after 5 months, and culturing under natural light;
before the grafted nursery stock is planted into a seedling bag, a seedling bed, a liquid applying pipe and the seedling bag are prepared;
the seedbed is of a cuboid structure, a plurality of through air holes are uniformly arranged at the bottom of the seedbed, a vertically extending support is arranged at each of four corners of the seedbed, a top cover is detachably arranged at the upper part of the seedbed, a plurality of round seedling raising holes are uniformly arranged on the top cover, and an opening is formed at one corner of the top cover;
the liquid applying pipe comprises a first liquid inlet pipe vertically arranged along the inner wall of the seedbed and two L-shaped second liquid inlet pipes horizontally arranged along the top edge of the inner wall of the seedbed, the upper end of the first liquid inlet pipe penetrates through and extends out of the opening, the lower end of the first liquid inlet pipe is connected with the two second liquid inlet pipes through a three-way pipe, the three-way pipe and the two second liquid inlet pipes are placed on four supports of the seedbed so that the two second liquid inlet pipes are positioned at the top of the seedbed, and the second liquid inlet pipes are provided with a plurality of liquid outlet holes arranged towards the inner wall of the seedbed;
educate seedling bag, it includes:
the bag mouth of the net bag is matched with the seedling growing holes, and the mesh is a sieve with the aperture of 60 meshes;
the clamping plate is in a ring shape, the inner circumference of the clamping plate is detachably connected with the bag opening of the mesh bag, and the outer circumference of the clamping plate is larger than the circumference of the seedling hole so that the clamping plate is lapped on the top cover;
the retractable bag is a cylindrical bag body with openings at two ends, the first end of the retractable bag is detachably connected with the outer circumference of the clamping plate, and the second end of the retractable bag is provided with a tightening rope along the circumference of the bottom of the cylindrical bag body so that the second end can be tightened to store the mesh bag in the retractable bag;
the specific operation steps are as follows: opening the top cover, filling the nutrient soil to 1/3 degrees of the height of the seedbed, installing a liquid application pipe, then buckling the top cover, installing the mesh bag and the clamp plate on the seedling holes of the top cover, then sub-packaging the nutrient soil in the mesh bag, and compacting the nutrient soil in the mesh bag by using a mallet; when watering or applying liquid fertilizer, applying the fertilizer from the first liquid inlet pipe of the liquid applying pipe; can go out the nursery when grafting seedling is up to 35cm, when going out the nursery, be connected the first end and the splint of shrink bag, take out splint and pocket together again, accomodate the pocket in its inside after the second end of shrink bag is taut.
2. The grafting seedling method of the star anise as claimed in claim 1, wherein grafting is performed after 4 pm before 10 am in non-rainy days with air temperature of 15-20 ℃; and (3) after the grafted seedlings grow to 20-25cm, strengthening, coring and drying, reserving a strong branch germinated on the scions after grafting, and removing the rest sprouts in time.
3. The grafting seedling method of star anise as claimed in claim 1, wherein the liquid fertilizer is prepared by mixing and fermenting molasses alcohol fermentation liquor, crab shells, fish scales, wormcast, corncobs, bean dregs, rice bran and water according to a mass ratio of 45:8:12:5:7:10:10:1000 for 15-20 days, filtering to obtain filtrate, and sterilizing the filtrate.
4. The grafting seedling method of the star anise as claimed in claim 1, wherein a moisture preserving net is detachably sleeved outside the net bag, and pores between the moisture preserving net and the net bag are filled with high molecular water-absorbent resin particles.
5. The grafting seedling method of the aniseed as set forth in claim 1, further comprising: monitoring the relative humidity of the nutrient soil in the seedbed and controlling the relative humidity to be between 80 and 90 percent; the pH was monitored and controlled between 5-5.5.
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| CN102907244B (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2014-02-12 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Short-scion cutting propagation method for star anise |
| CN104429582B (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2017-05-10 | 孙君莲 | Method for carrying out black fungus substituted-medium cultivation with moisturizing sleeve mesh, and moisturizing sleeve mesh |
| CN104641950A (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2015-05-27 | 藤县福进大红八角种植专业合作社 | High-position multi-head grafting method for large illicium trees |
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